高原人附红细胞体致家兔红细胞损伤的实验研究

目的通过不同剂量人工接种,采用人附红细胞体感染移居高原(海拔3 700米)的成年家兔,观察感染后家兔红细胞渗透脆性和血浆游离血红蛋白的变化。方法选取移居高原适应30d以上的成年家兔150只,随机分为5组,每组30只,经耳静脉接种人附红细胞体之后,连续30d观察相关指标,分别于接种前1d、窗口期、高峰期和消失期对家兔耳采静脉抽血测定红细胞渗透脆性及血浆游离血红蛋白。结果窗口期观察2组、观察3组红细胞脆性增加,高峰期各观察组红细胞脆性均增加(P<0.05和P<0.01),消失期各观察组接近接种前和对照组(P>0.05);窗口期、高峰期各观察组血浆中游离血红蛋白均升高,消失期观察2组、观察3组血浆中游离血红蛋白升高(P<0.05和P<0.01),观察1组接近接种前和对照组(P>0.05)。结论高原环境条件下人附红细胞体感染成年家兔,红细胞脆性增加,致红细胞损伤破坏,血浆中游离血红蛋白升高,变化与接种量有关。     

Effects of infusion media on human red blood cell morphology

The effect of various infusion media on the structure of human red blood cells was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro experiments used 10% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution, 10% glucose solution, 20% albumin solution, Rheopolyglucin, HyperHAES solution (18 g of NaCl in combination with 60 g of hydroxyethylstarch (HES), 200/0.5), Voluven (HES 130/0.4/9:1), and a combination of hypertensive NaCl solution and Rheopolyglucin. The morphofunctional response of red blood cells was studied in the clinical setting when 6% Voluven solution (HES 130/0.4/ 9:1) and hypertensive NaCl and glucose solutions were used. It was established that 10% NaCl solution caused considerable changes in the morphology of red blood cells both in the experiment and in patients with severe brain injury. The magnitude of structural changes increased as blood NaCl concentrations became higher. 10% glucose solution, Voluven, Rheopolyglucin, and albumin did not virtually affect the structure of red blood cells. Infusion of Voluven (500 ml of 6% solution for 40 minutes) induced no changes in the morphology of red blood cells in the clinical setting. Among the test solutions used to correct intracranial hypertension (HyperHAES, 10% NaCl, a combination of rheopolyglucin and 10% NaCl), HyperHAES exerted the least effect on the morphology of red blood cells.     

血细胞低温保存研究进展

自1949年英国学者Polge发现甘油的低温保护作用以来，血细胞冰冻保存技术快速发展，目前已发展为红细胞、干细胞及血小板的深低温保存。随着我国临床用血的快速增长和无偿献血制度的实施，血液供需矛盾日趋突出，血细胞深低温保存技术对调节临床合理用血、稀有血型输血、骨髓干细胞移植、肿瘤治疗及战备贮血等均有着重要意义。本     

Photodynamic modification of proteins in human red blood cell membranes,induced by protoporphyrin

Illumination of erythrocytes or erythrocyte membranes with visible light in the presence of protoporphyrin causes photodynamic damage of the cell membrane. This process is reflected a.o. by a mutilated ultrastructure and changes of the physical properties of the membrane proteins.Illumination in the presence of protoporphyrin causes association of membrane proteins, leading to blurring of the protein bands in electropheretograms, disappearance of bands and the appearance of protein aggregates on top of the gels. The formation of large protein aggregates is also indicated by Sephadex gel filtration of the solubilized membrane proteins.In kinetic studies it appeared that spectrin and the bands 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and 6 are most susceptible and that band 3 is least susceptible to this cross-linking reaction.Experimental results indicate that this cross-linking is caused by direct photooxidation of membrane proteins. Peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids is not involved in the process.The significance of this process for studies on membrane structure and on photodynamic membrane damage is discussed.     

血细胞分析仪自动计数外周血有核红细胞的应用研究

目的评价血细胞分析仪自动计数外周血有核红细胞(NRBC)的方法学特点,并探讨其临床应用价值。方法选择115例血液病及非血液病患者,用SysmexXE2100全自动血细胞分析仪及显微镜计数法计数其外周血中NRBC数量。结果SysmexXE2100与显微镜计数法计数外周血中NRBC数量有极好的相关性(r>0.97),并且2种方法的计数结果差异无显著意义(P=0.2018)。高值、中值和低值NRBC标本绝对计数的批内CV平均<6.5%。在(0～15)×109/L范围内计数NRBC有极好的线性(r=0.9998)。SysmexXE2100自动计数外周血中NRBC的灵敏度和阴性预测值均为100%。外周血中NRBC增高时,WBC显著高于去除NRBC的计数结果(P=0.0168)。结论SysmexXE2100血细胞分析仪可灵敏、准确、精密地自动计数外周血中NRBC,并且可在NRBC增高的标本中准确计数白细胞数量。除白血病、贫血等血液病患者外,非血液病(如肿瘤化疗)等患者外周血中也可出现NRBC。血细胞分析仪自动计数外周血中NRBC,有助于一些血液病及非血液病患者的筛查与诊断。     

Preparation of packed red blood cell units in the blood bank: Alteration in red blood cell deformability

BackgroundDonated blood is stored in the blood bank as packed red blood cell units. In the process of packed cells preparation, the red blood cells (RBCs) are subjectedto high level of shear stress, which can induce alterations in their properties.In the present study, we examined the effect of packed RBCs preparation (which included leuko-filtration) on red cell deformability.MethodsBlood samples were collected from 25 healthy donors and from corresponding units of packed RBCs. The portion of undeformable cells (%UDFC) was determined for each sample.ResultsThe median value of %UDFC was equal to 6.75 ± 0.70 %, for freshly-donated RBCs, and to 6.36 ± 0.51 %, for packed cells. Wherein, %UDFC may increase or decrease following packed cells preparation, depending upon the initial portion of undeformable cells.ConclusionLikely, exposure of RBCs to high shear stress, during packed cells preparation, induces opposing effects: (a) removal/destruction of rigid (undeformable) cells, thereby reducing their total amount (i.e., decreasing the %UDFC) on the one hand, and (b) mechanical damage to the cell membrane and subsequent reduction of the cell deformability (thereby increasing the %UDFC) on the other. As a consequence, the final impact of packed cells preparation is primarily determined by the initial state of erythrocytes in the blood of the donor.     

微量板酶法测定红细胞内肌酸

目的　建立一种红细胞内肌酸的测定方法。　方法　采用 CTase/SOX/POD三联酶氧化肌酸产生 H2 O2 ,通过偶联显色反应测定红细胞内肌酸。　结果　方法的线性范围为 0～ 2 0 0μmol/L;精密度 :批内 CV 0 .92 %～ 1 .5 1 % ,批间CV1 .2 8%～ 2 .1 2 % ;回收率 98.30 %～ 1 0 1 .69%。采用了 μmol/g Hb和 μmol/LRBC两种红细胞内肌酸测定的单位表示方法 ,消除了实验误差对结果产生的影响。 2 86例健康人红细胞肌酸参考值分别为男性 1 .93± 0 .36μmol/g Hb,684 .3± 1 2 7.5μmol/LRBC;女性 2 .1 7± 0 .4 1 μmol/g Hb,75 9.4± 1 37.9μmol/LRBC。　结论　本方法简便、可靠、线性范围广、特异性好 ,适合作为红细胞内肌酸的常规测定。     

Learning about genomics and disease from the anucleate human red blood cell

During the differentiation of an erythrocyte, the developing erythroblast shuts down expression of most of its genes but preserves high levels of expression of certain key genes, such as those encoding hemoglobin and critical membrane proteins. In this issue of the JCI, Gallagher et al. show that a specialized type of DNA sequence element known as an insulator protects the expression of ankyrin, a key membrane protein. In several kindreds, mutations in the insulator led to impaired ankyrin expression and congenital hemolytic anemia. This work provides important insights into ways in which epigenetic changes can alter gene expression and thereby lead to human disease.     

红细胞膜表面黏附分子与红细胞寿命的相关性研究

目的 探讨红细胞寿命与其膜表面蛋白黏附分子的关系,以期建立1种检测红细胞贮存时间的方法 .方法 采集10人(份)健康无偿献血者的新鲜红细胞标本10 ml/份,应用Percoll密度梯度离心法将红细胞分成5个年龄(层),流式检测术检测各分层红细胞膜表面黏附分子CD47、CD44、CD147的表达量;应用SPSS统计软件对...     

LH-750对有核红细胞分析的应用评价

目的 评价COULTER LH-750血液学分析仪对有核红细胞分析结果的准确性.方法 采用仪器法和手工法分别对120份外周血中含有有核红细胞的临床血液样本进行测定.结果 仪器法和手工法对有核红细胞(NRBC)的检测结果比较,中、高值差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),低值差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).标本重复性能良好,平均CV＜6%,灵敏度92.3%,特异性97.7%,假阳性14.3%,假阴性1.16%.结论 血液学分析仪LH-750对NRBC分析结果准确、快速,有助于一些血液病及肿瘤化疗患者的筛查与诊断.