Relationship between the -374T/A receptor of advanced glycation end products gene polymorphism and peritoneal solute transport status at the initiation of peritoneal dialysis

An increased peritoneal solute transport rate (PSTR) at baseline is well known to be associated with decreased patient and technique survival in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). Recently, angiogenesis has been recognized to be associated with PSTR and peritoneal deterioration. To investigate genetic variations in genes related to angiogenesis, 30 incident PD patients were studied. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and the receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) were analyzed by the pyrosequencing method. The dialysate-to-plasma ratio of creatinine (D/P Cr) obtained from a peritoneal equilibrium test (PET) during the first 12 months after initiation of PD was used for a marker of PSTR. The D/P Cr was assessed both as a continuous and as a categorical variable including high (H), high-average (HA), low-average (LA), and low (L). Baseline D/P Cr was 0.645 +/- 0.083. The RAGE -374 TA genotype had a significantly lower prevalence of the H/HA transporters than the TT genotype (20% vs 63%; P = 0.03). Genetic polymorphisms of the VEGF and eNOS were not associated with initial peritoneal transport type. The RAGE polymorphism may have a considerable effect on the basal PSTR. Further studies will be needed to confirm this hypothesis.     

Hyponatremia in refractory congestive heart failure patients treated with icodextrin-based peritoneal dialysis: A case series

Severe congestive heart failure (CHF) patients are prone to hyponatremia. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is increasingly used for long-term management of refractory CHF patients. The glucose polymer icodextrin was proposed to be a good option for fluid removal in such patients. A small, although statistically significant reduction in serum sodium (～2 mmol/l) consistently observed in multiple trials, is considered as not clinically relevant. Here we reported five refractory CHF patients who demonstrated sodium drop by median of 8 meq/l (range 5.4–8.3 meq/l) after icodextrin was added to their program. It seems that icodextrin may contribute to clinically relevant hyponatremia if the hyponatremia is compounded by other factors. Patients with extremely severe congestive heart failure are susceptible to this complication.     

腹膜透析时液体和溶质转运动力学的实验研究

作者用含糖4.25%的透析液对10只新西兰大白兔进行保留4h的腹膜透析,研究了液体和溶质通过腹膜的转运机理。应用~(125)I白蛋白(RISA)为标记物的容量稀释标记技术,计算了腹腔内液体容量(IPV)、跨毛细血管超滤(TCUF)、腹腔内淋巴回流(Lf)。记录了血液和透析液中糖和渗透压的变化。用药代动力学教学模型描述了液体和溶质的变化。研究了液体和溶质转运之间的关系。基于对腹透液体和溶质转运规律的认识,为了诊断腹透中失超滤,作者推荐使用一种逻辑思维程序。     

Mucociliary clearance in patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

IntroductionMucociliary clearance (MC) is a critical defense mechanism for the protection of the entire respiratory system. Nasal colonization of some pathogens and chronical nasal infections are important risk factors for peritonitis. Any disturbance in the MC causes stasis of secretions and secondary infections.ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to evaluate the patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) in terms of nasal MC. More specifically, the goal is to investigate the possible correlation between the nasal MC and peritonitis.MethodsForty CAPD patients and 39 healthy volunteers were involved in the study. The nasal MC was evaluated with the saccharin test, in which a 1 mm diameter saccharin particle was carefully placed on the antero-medial surface of inferior nasal concha. The time taken by the subjects from the placement of particle to the perception of the sweet taste was taken as mucociliary clearance time (MCT). The groups were compared in terms of MCT. The patient group was evaluated in terms of a peritonitis history, and the correlations with MC were analyzed.ResultsPatient group with CKD consisted of 16 females and 24 males with a mean age of 32.4 years; healthy individuals in the control group consisted of 17 women and 22 men with a mean age of 33.3 years. There was not a significant difference in terms of mean MC time in patients with CKD when compared with the individuals in the control group. The comparison between the mean MCT in the patients who had a history of peritonitis and patients without peritonitis was statistically significant (p < 0.05).ConclusionsUnique for being conducted with patients in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, the current study shows that although the MC of CKD patients and healthy individuals is similar, patients with low rates of MC appear to present an increased incidence of peritoneal infection. Considering the small sample investigated, an invitation to future confirmatory studies would be appropriate.     

Severity of protein-energy wasting and obesity are independently related with poor quality of life in peritoneal dialysis patients

Protein-energy wasting (PEW) and poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are independently associated with morbi-mortality in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). PEW may reduce HRQoL; however, we hypothesized HRQoL is affected differentially by PEW degrees or by individual criteria of nutritional status.AimTo evaluate HRQoL according to PEW severity and nutritional status indicators in CAPD.This is a cross-sectional study in 151 patients. Subjective global assessment (SGA) was employed, and nutritional status classified as normal, mild-moderate PEW, and severe PEW. HRQoL was evaluated using Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form?, including physical (PCS), mental (MCS) and kidney disease (KDCS) components, and their subscales. Dietary intake, anthropometric and biochemical variables were measured.Forty-six percent of patients were well-nourished, 44% had mild-moderate PEW, and 10% severe PEW. Compared with well-nourished patients, those with mild-moderate (p = 0.06) and severe (p = 0.005) PEW had lower HRQoL score [68 (52–75), 55 (45–72), 46 (43–58), respectively]. PCS, MCS, and KDCS and their subscales had lower values as PEW was more severe. Patients with obesity and hypoalbuminemia had significantly lower HRQoL overall and component scores than their counterparts. Dietary intake was not associated with quality of life. In multivariate analysis obesity, PEW (by SGA), hypoalbuminemia, and low educational level predicted poor HRQoL (χ² 58.2, p < 0.0001).As conclusion, PEW severity was related with worse HRQoL, either as overall score or in every component or subscale in CAPD patients. Poor HRQoL was predicted independently by PEW severity and obesity; additional predictors were hypoalbuminemia and low education.     

Plasma S100A12 concentrations in peritoneal dialysis patients and subclinical chronic inflammatory disease

S100A12 is a ligand for the receptor for advanced glycation end products. It has been shown that S100A12 induces expression of adhesion molecules, and mediates activation and migration of monocytes/macrophages. Circulating S100A12 may be involved in chronic inflammation. We previously reported increased S100A12 levels in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and hemodialysis. A high peritoneal solute transport rate may be associated with encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis and mortality. We measured plasma S100A12 levels in peritoneal dialysis patients and evaluated a possible relation between the increased plasma S100A12 levels in peritoneal dialysis patients and the high peritoneal solute transport rate. Subjects included 36 patients (mean age +/- SE, 46.0 +/- 12.0 years) with no apparent infection and no malignancy who had been undergoing peritoneal dialysis for 36.5 +/- 3.9 months. We developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system to measure plasma S100A12 levels. A peritoneal equilibrium test was performed and subjects were categorized as high and high-average (H) (n = 14) or low and low-average (L) (n = 22) transporters. Plasma S100A12 concentrations were significantly higher in peritoneal dialysis patients (21.6 +/- 3.0 ng/mL) than in control subjects (n = 42; 10.8 +/- 1.0 ng/mL). Plasma S100A12 concentrations were also higher in the H group (28.2 +/- 6.1 ng/mL) than in the L group (14.2 +/- 2.0 ng/mL). These results suggest that S100A12 may be a sensitive marker of subclinical inflammation and that an increased S100A12 level may be related to the high peritoneal solute transport rate.     

腹膜透析患者腹膜转运和腹腔炎症状态与营养的关系

目的探讨腹膜转运特性及腹腔慢性炎症状态对腹膜透析患者营养状况的影响。方法根据腹膜平衡试验(PET)评价腹膜转运功能(D/Pcr),将患者分为高转运及低转运两组。测定慢性炎症指标IL-6和TNF-α。测定或计算营养指标:血白蛋白、前白蛋白和转铁蛋白(TF),瘦体重,瘦体重%(LBM%)和标准化总氮出现率相当蛋白(nPNA)。进行主观综合性营养评估(SGA)。结果高转运组D/Pcr、TCcr和年龄较低转运组显著增高,ALB、TF和SGA显著降低。炎症因子水平与转运特性呈正相关关系。结论高龄患者腹膜通透性高。高转运患者营养状态较低转运者差。转运能力越强,腹腔慢性炎症状态越重。腹膜透析方案应个体化并加强高转运及高龄患者的饮食管理和指导。     

Physical exercise and peritoneal dialysis: An area yet to be explored

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD) is profoundly impaired by their frailty, disability and decreased physical capacity. Especially among older patients, a high prevalence of low physical activity levels and reduced functional performance has been reported. Physical exercise training has been shown to have a beneficial impact, counteracting these same hazardous consequences of inactivity and sedentarism both on CKD and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients on hemodialysis (HD) treatment. The evidence-based knowledge on the effects of physical exercise on ESKD patients undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) treatment is scarce, even though this is a continually growing population that shares the same risk factors and desired clinical outcomes as the previously mentioned groups of patients. Further investigation will be necessary to clarify whether this exercise-based approach may be suitable for the PD population.This paper's purpose is to review the available literature, including randomized controlled trials, reviews and meta-analysis results that assessed the impact of physical exercise on patients under PD treatment bearing in mind their HRQoL, physical functioning and cardiovascular parameters. Furthermore, it aims to evaluate the perceived significant barriers and limitations of the PD population in what concerns physical exercise practice and how nephrologists should address them.     

Relationship between plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 gene alterations and fibrosis in peritoneal dialysis patients

Peritoneal fibrosis (PF) is a pathological change that occurs mostly long‐term peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, as a result of triggering the inflammatory response. Plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) is an important molecule featured in the development of fibrosis. It has been shown in literature that PAI‐1 gene alterations are associated with fibrosis in many tissues and organs. However, PAI‐1 gene alterations in long‐term PD patients have not yet been investigated. In this study, PAI‐1 4G/5G polymorphism was examined by reverse hybridization, and all coding exons of the PAI‐1 gene were examined by sequence analysis to provide treatment modification in patients with predisposition before fibrosis develops. The patients were divided into two groups according to ultrafiltration failure test and duration of PD treatment: those with suspected PF or a high probability of developing PF (36%) and those with a low probability of developing PF (64%). There was no significant difference between the two groups in findings such as peritoneal equilibration test (PET), Kt/V, the content of the PD solution used, peritonitis, and PAI‐1 4G/5G polymorphism (P > .05). A total of eight gene alterations (rs2227660, rs2227668, rs2854233, rs41281004, rs61553169, rs368413856, rs2227684) were detected by sequence analysis, one of which was exonic (rs6092). When the genotype distributions of these variants were examined, no significant difference was found between the two groups. PAI‐1 gene changes were not detected in patients with the probability of developing PF. There is a need for further studies involving other molecules responsible for predisposing to PF with larger patient populations in patients undergoing long‐term PD treatment.     

Relationship between effluent levels of beta(2)-microglobulin and peritoneal injury markers in 7.5% icodextrin-based peritoneal dialysis solution

The removal of low molecular weight proteins such as beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)MG) is accelerated by using a 7.5% icodextrin-based peritoneal dialysis solution (ICO) dwell. To examine the possibility of peritoneal injury in ICO, we investigated the relationship between beta(2)MG and the injury markers in effluent. Sixteen ICO-treated patients (11 male and five female, mean age 50.1 +/- 10.9 years) with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD; mean duration 54.6 +/- 30.8 months) were studied. The patients were treated with ICO 2 L and 2.27% glucose-based solution 2 L for an 8-h dwell and the effluent was collected. We investigated the correlations between beta(2)MG and the injury markers (e.g. hyaluronic acid [HA], interleukin-6 [IL-6], matrix metalloproteinase-2 [MMP-2]) in each effluent sample. The beta(2)MG level in the ICO effluent was 8978 +/- 2431 microg/L, significantly higher than in the 2.27% glucose-based solution effluent (6454 +/- 2956 microg/L; P = 0.0032). The levels of HA and MMP-2 in ICO effluent were significantly higher than those in the 2.27% glucose-based solution effluent (P = 0.00214, P = 0.0113, respectively). There was a trend toward higher IL-6-values in ICO effluent, although no significant differences were seen. There were positive correlations between levels of various injury markers and beta(2)MG. We propose that the subclinical injury of the peritoneum by ICO treatment may accelerate peritoneal permeability to increase beta(2)MG in effluent. ICO's biocompatibility might not be superior to that of glucose-based solution.     

Gastrointestinal symptoms: A comparison between patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis

AIM: To compare the prevalence and diversity of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD).METHODS: Two hundred and ninety-four end-stage renal disease patients participated in the study, including 182 HD and 112 PD patients. Dimension scores were calculated from a modified gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS) 18-item questionnaire, including items concerning eating dysfunction, and were used for measuring GI symptoms. Information on patient age, condition contributing to end-stage renal disease and the most recent dialysis adequacy assessment (serum Kt/V urea value) was obtained from the follow-up database and by interviewing patients and/or reviewing the medical records. Differences between the HD and PD groups were evaluated using Student’s t, Pearson’s χ² or Fisher’s exact tests.RESULTS: The overall prevalence of GI symptoms, defined by a GSRS > 1, in end-stage renal disease patients was 70.7% (208/294), which differed between HD and PD patients (76.4% vs 61.6%, P < 0.01). HD patients had a higher prevalence of constipation, abdominal pain and diarrhea compared to PD patients (36.3% vs 17.9%, 32.4% vs 5.4%, 17.6% vs 4.5%, respectively, P < 0.05). PD patients had a higher prevalence of reflux compared to HD patients (32.1% vs 24.2%, P < 0.05). Additionally, reflux and eating dysfunction were more severe in PD patients (GSRS: 1.71 ± 1.15 vs 1.30 ± 0.67, 1.57 ± 0.84 vs 1.39 ± 0.61, respectively, P < 0.05), whereas HD patients had greater abdominal pain, diarrhea and constipation (GSRS: 1.22 ± 0.39 vs 1.04 ± 0.19, 1.19 ± 0.53 vs 1.07 ± 0.35, 1.51 ± 0.83 vs 1.23 ± 0.58, respectively, P < 0.05). Finally, 14.8% (27/182) of HD patients presented with more than three GI symptoms, compared to 7.2% (8/112) of PD patients (P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: HD and PD patients differ in prevalence, severity and diversity of GI symptoms.     

The occurrence and potential predictive factors of major adverse cardiac and cerebral events in end-stage renal disease patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: A prospective cohort study

Major adverse cardiac and cerebral events (MACCE) are common complications, which prolong hospitalization and increase mortality rate in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients who underwent continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate MACCE occurrence and its potential predictive factors in those patients.In this prospective cohort study, 196 diagnosis of ESRD patients who underwent CAPD treatment in our hospital were eligible, and their clinical data (including demographic data and biochemical indexes) were documented. Besides, their MACCE occurrence was assessed within 3-year follow-up period.In patients, 1-, 2-, and 3-year MACCE occurrence rates were 5.1%, 11.7%, and 14.8%, respectively. Meanwhile, the mean duration of accumulating MACCE occurrence was 33.1 (95% confidence interval: 32.0–34.2) months. Furthermore, age, peritoneal dialysis duration (PDD), C-reactive protein (CRP), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and total cholesterol high correlated with increased accumulating MACCE occurrence, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) high correlated with decreased accumulating MACCE occurrence. Notably, by further multivariate Cox''s proportional hazard regression analysis, age, PDD, CRP, serum uric acid, and FBG high were independent predictive factors for raised accumulating MACCE occurrence, while HDL-C high was an independent predictive factor for attenuated accumulating MACCE occurrence.MACCE are common; besides, age, peritoneal dialysis duration, C-reactive protein, serum uric acid, fasting blood glucose, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol serve as potential markers for indicating MACCE in ESRD patients who underwent CAPD.     

Associations of serum soluble klotho and fibroblast growth factor 23 with carotid artery calcification in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: A retrospective study

This study aimed to assess the associations of serum soluble klotho and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) with the occurrence of carotid artery calcification. Peritoneal dialysis patients treated from June 2018 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into the carotid artery calcification and non-carotid artery calcification groups according to color Doppler ultrasound findings. Basic indicators in both groups were compared, and the influencing factors of carotid artery calcification were analyzed by logistic regression. Among the 73 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients enrolled, 40 (54.8%) had carotid artery calcification. Significant differences were found in age (68.85 ± 7.45 vs 46.62 ± 5.51 years), dialysis time (8.15 ± 1.42 vs 6.02 ± 1.14 months), klotho amounts (325.56 ± 41.15 vs 436.65 ± 45.58 pg/mL) and FGF-23 levels (114.45 ± 15.56 vs 70.15 ± 12.23 pg/mL) between the carotid artery calcification and non-carotid artery calcification groups (all P < .001). The above factors were associated with carotid artery calcification occurrence in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that elevated age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13–1.74; P = .025) and FGF-23 (OR = 2.16, 95% CI 2.01–2.44; P = .042), and lower klotho (OR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.47–0.85; P = .036) were independent risk factors for carotid artery calcification in CAPD. Serum FGF-23 and age are risk factors for carotid artery calcification in patients with CAPD, whereas klotho is a protective factor.     

Comparison of mortality and its causes in patients with complicated systemic lupus erythematosus on hemodialysis versus peritoneal dialysis: A meta-analysis

Background:Lupus nephritis is one of the most serious complications of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Ten percent to 20% of patients with SLE progress to end-stage renal disease and would require renal replacement therapy or renal transplantation. In this analysis, we aimed to systematically compare mortality and the causes of mortality in patients with complicated SLE who were treated on hemodialysis (HD) versus peritoneal dialysis (PD).Methods:Cochrane Central, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Excerpta Medica dataBASE, and http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for studies that compared HD versus PD in patients with SLE. The RevMan software version 5.4 (RevMan software, Cochrane Collaborations, United Kingdom) was used to analyze data. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Q and the I² statistical tests. In this analysis, a random effects model was used during data assessment. Risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to represent the results following analysis.Results:A total number of 3405 SLE participants were included in this analysis, whereby 2841 were assigned to HD and 564 participants were assigned to PD. In patients with SLE who were on dialysis, our analysis showed that the risk of mortality was similar with HD and PD (RR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.45–1.07; P = .10). When the cause of mortality was analyzed, cardiovascular death (RR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.31–1.31; P = .22), death due to infection (RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.47–1.17; P = .20), death due to a respiratory cause (RR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.18–6.21; P = .95), cause of death due to SLE flare up (RR, 2.54; 95% CI, 0.39–16.37; P = .33), and other causes of death (RR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.35–1.77; P = .57) were not significantly different with HD and PD.Conclusion:This current analysis showed that in SLE patients who required dialysis, the risk of mortality between HD and PD was similar, and the causes of death including cardiovascular, infective, respiratory, SLE flare up, and other causes were not significantly different. Therefore, both dialysis methods were tolerable in these patients with SLE. Further studies with larger data would be required to confirm this hypothesis.     

Relationship between enteral nutrition and serum levels of inflammatory factors and cardiac function in elderly patients with heart failure: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Published studies investigating enteral nutrition''s effect on serum inflammatory factors and the cardiac function of malnourished elderly patients with heart failure (HF) are of poor quality, with small sample sizes, and involve a homogeneous population. Therefore, in order to provide new medical evidence for clinical treatment, we undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the relationship between enteral nutrition and serum levels of inflammatory factors and cardiac function in elderly patients with HF.Methods: The protocol was written following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement guidelines. Electronic databases including Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, Wanfang, Data, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane Library will be searched in April 2021 by 2 independent reviewers. The primary outcome is body mass index, triceps skin fold thickness, upper arm muscle circumference, serum total protein, albumin, and hemoglobin''s change in index; secondary outcomes include left ventricular ejection fraction, B-type natriuretic peptide, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and tumor necrosis factor-α. The risk of bias assessment of the included studies was performed by 2 authors independently using the tool recommended in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions (version 5.1.0). We will perform meta-analysis using Review Manager Software.Results: The review will add to the existing literature by showing compelling evidence and improved guidance in clinic settings.Conclusion: Its findings will provide helpful evidence for the application of enteral nutrition in elderly patients with HF.OSF registration number:10.17605/OSF.IO/RTYBP.     

Clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with lupus nephritis in Colombian patients: A cross-sectional study

IntroductionOver the past decades, incidence of SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) has increased due to early case detection and improved survival of patients. SLE presents at an earlier age and has a more severe presentation in African-American, Native American, Asian, and Hispanic populations. Worldwide, lupus nephritis (LN) is observed in 29–60% of SLE patients, it has a negative impact in renal survival and patient mortality. Several cohorts have established potential risk factors associated with lupus nephritis, such as male sex, serological markers, and some extra-renal manifestations.ObjectivesTo describe sociodemographic, clinical, immunological, and environmental risk factors in Colombian SLE patients and to compare the population with and without nephritis, in order to establish risk factors and possible associations.Materials and methodsA total of 1175 SLE patients participated in this study. During medical care, an interview and structured survey was conducted and later registered in a database. Sociodemographic, clinical, immunological, and environmental exposure variables were analyzed. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed using presence of LN as an outcome.ResultsPrevalence of LN was 38.7%. Variables significantly associated with LN included being male (OR 1.98), a duration of SLE > 10 years (OR 1.48), positive anti-DNA (OR 1.34), positive anti-Sm (OR 1.45), and smoking (OR 1.66). Being non-smoker was a protective factor (OR 0.52).ConclusionThis study describes potential factors associated with lupus nephritis in a Latin American population. Smoking status could be a target for intervention as it is a modifiable risk factor. The association between being male and LN is observed in Latin-American populations such as presented here. Further research in other large-scale population studies and more efforts are needed to gain better insights to explicate these relationships.     

A comparative study of renal dysfunction in patients with inflammatory arthropathies: strong association with cardiovascular diseases and not with anti-rheumatic therapies, inflammatory markers or duration of arthritis

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among comparable patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and seronegative inflammatory arthritis, and to explore any predictive factors for renal impairment. Methods: Consecutive patients with peripheral joint disease (oligo and polyarthritis) were recruited from our inflammatory arthritis clinics. We divided patients in two groups: RA group and seronegative inflammatory arthritis group. The cohort consisted of 183 patients (RA = 107, seronegative arthritis = 76 [psoriatic arthritis = 69, undifferentiated oligoarthritis = 7]). Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the established Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation. Demographic details, disease‐specific characteristics, anti‐rheumatic drugs and the presence of cardiovascular diseases were recorded. Results: In total, 17.48% (n = 32) of the cohort had CKD. There was no statistically significant variation between the two groups as regards baseline demographics, disease characteristics, use of anti‐rheumatic drugs and the presence of individual cardiovascular diseases. We found that eGFR and the presence of CKD were similar among these groups. Among patients with CKD, 72% had undiagnosed CKD. No association of statistical significance was noted between CKD and the use of corticosteroids, disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs and anti‐tumor necrosis factor agents. The association of cardiovascular diseases with CKD remained significant after adjusting for confounders (age, gender, duration of arthritis, high C‐reactive protein, use of anti‐rheumatic drugs). Conclusions: Patients with inflammatory arthritis are more prone to have CKD. This could have serious implications, as the majority of rheumatology patients use non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs and different immunosuppressives, such as methotrexate. No association of kidney dysfunction was noted with inflammatory disease‐specific characteristics; rather it appears to have a positive independent association with cardiovascular diseases.