吉非替尼联合全脑放疗治疗肺腺癌伴脑转移的临床分析

目的 探讨吉非替尼联合全脑放疗治疗肺腺癌伴脑转移的临床疗效及毒副反应.方法 将40例肺腺癌伴脑转移患者随机分为2组:治疗组给予吉非替尼250 mg,1次/d,同时行全脑放疗,总剂量30 Gy/10次,每次3 Gy,每周5次,若转移灶局限,予以缩野至病灶处加量10 ～ 20 Gy/5 ～ 10次;对照组全脑放疗后至少给2周期化疗,化疗方案(培美曲塞500 mg·m-2,第1天;奈达铂800 mg·m-2,第1～3天),每21～ 28 d为1周期.观察2组患者的近期疗效、1 a生存率及毒副反应.40例患者均可评价,治疗组和对照组脑转移病灶的有效率分别为75％和60％ (P ＞0.05);2组患者的中位生存期分别为14个月和10个月(P＞0.05);2组患者的1 a生存率分别为50％和30％ (P ＞0.05).毒副反应治疗组主要是皮疹和腹泻,但患者可耐受;对照组主要是骨髓抑制和胃肠道反应.结论 吉非替尼联合全脑放疗用于肺腺癌伴脑转移能延长患者的生存时间,且耐受性好.     

肺腺癌大分割放疗联合培美曲塞化疗的疗效分析

目的 探讨大分割放疗联合培美曲塞治疗肺腺癌的效果.方法 选取ⅢA～B期非小细胞肺癌患者106例作为研究对象,随机分为一组和二组,均给予大分割放疗联合培美曲塞,但培美曲塞与顺铂的给药剂量不同.结果 一组患者RR为73.58％,二组RR为52.83％,一组患者近期疗效优于二组患者(x2 =4.909,P=0.027).一组患者半年、1年、2年与3年生存率分别为90.57％、56.60％、35.85％、16.98％,二组患者半年、1年、2年与3年生存率分别为86.79％、43.40％、15.09％、5.66％,一组患者2年生存率高于二组患者.一组患者骨髓抑制、急性放射性肺炎与急性放射性食管炎发生率分别为73.58％(39例)、56.60％(30例)、50.94％(27例),二组患者分别为71.70％(38例)、49.06％(26例)、45.28％(24例),差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 大分割放疗与培美曲塞联合顺铂化疗共同治疗晚期肺腺癌是一种较安全可靠的治疗方法,毒副作用可耐受,临床可进一步研究.     

厄洛替尼联合全脑放疗治疗肺腺癌伴脑转移的临床观察

目的 探讨厄洛替尼联合全脑放疗（WBRT）治疗肺腺癌伴脑转移的临床疗效及不良反应。方法 选取2011年1月至2012年6月我院收治的肺腺癌伴脑转移患者42例,随机分为治疗组（n=22）和对照组（n=20）。治疗组患者给予厄洛替尼150mg口服,每日1次;同时行WBRT,总剂量为30～36Gy／10～12次,3Gy／次,5次／周,若脑转移病灶为1～2个,WBRT 30～36Gy后,缩野脑转移灶加量16～20Gy／8～10次／2周。对照组患者先行全身化疗2个周期,然后行WBRT,放疗方法同治疗组。ECOG评分为0～1分患者采用AP方案（培美曲塞 500mg／m2,第1天;顺铂25mg／m2,静脉滴注,第1～3天）或DP方案（多西他赛75mg／m2,第1天;顺铂25mg／m2,静脉滴注,第1～3天）,ECOG评分2分患者给予单药培美曲塞化疗,21天为1个周期。观察两组患者的近期疗效、不良反应及生存情况。结果 42例患者均可评价疗效。治疗组和对照组脑转移灶的RR分别为 86.4％、70.0％,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。治疗组和对照组肺癌原发灶的RR分别为 40.9％、35.0％,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。治疗组和对照组的中位TTP分别为8.5个月和4.5个月,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。治疗组和对照组的中位OS分别为14.0个月和9.8个月,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。治疗组和对照组的1年生存率分别为59.1％和45.0％,2年生存率分别为27.3％和15.0％,差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。治疗组不良反应仅为皮疹和腹泻,多数为1～2级,患者可耐受,无明显骨髓抑制或消化道反应;对照组主要为骨髓抑制、恶心和呕吐等消化道反应,经对症处理后好转。结论 厄洛替尼联合WBRT治疗肺腺癌伴脑转移能延长患者的生存时间,且患者耐受性良好。     

吉非替尼与放疗联合替莫唑胺对无症状肺腺癌脑转移治疗的临床疗效

目的：观察吉非替尼单药与放疗联合替莫唑胺治疗肺腺癌伴脑转移的疗效与毒副反应.方法：40例患者随机分为吉非替尼组（Gefitinib组,20例）和放疗联合替莫唑胺组（R＋TMZ组,20例）.比较两组患者近期疗效、总生存期（OS）和毒副反应.结果：两组近期疗效无统计学差异（P＞0.05）.Gefitinib组中位生存期（OS） 15.5个月,R＋TMZ组10.8个月（P＜0.05）.Gefitinib组主要毒副反应为皮疹,R＋TMZ组主要毒副反应是恶心、呕吐.Gefitinib组生活质量高于R＋TMZ组（P＜0.05）.结论：吉非替尼与放疗联合替莫唑胺均可用于肺腺癌伴脑转移的治疗,但吉非替尼组治疗肺腺癌伴脑转移的近期疗效与放疗联合替莫唑胺组相当.吉菲替尼中位生存期优于放疗联合替莫唑胺.吉菲替尼组毒副反应轻微、生活质量明显改善.     

厄洛替尼同步全脑放疗二线治疗无症状的多发性肺腺癌脑转移患者的临床疗效观察

摘 要：［目的］ 比较厄洛替尼单药和厄洛替尼同步全脑放疗二线治疗无症状的多发性肺腺癌脑转移患者的效果及安全性。［方法］ 选择全身化疗后进展的、无症状的多发性肺腺癌脑转移患者39例,通过随机数字法分为厄洛替尼单药治疗组和厄洛替尼同步全脑放疗治疗组。厄洛替尼单药组（19例）给予口服厄洛替尼150mg/d直到病情进展或出现不能耐受的副作用;厄洛替尼同步全脑放疗组给予全脑放疗（37.5Gy/15次,3周）,厄洛替尼150mg/d,从放疗的第一天开始口服直到病情进展或出现不能耐受的副作用。主要观察指标是比较两组患者的客观有效率（ORR）、神经系统无进展生存期（nPFS）、无进展生存期（PFS）、生存期（OS）及不良反应的发生情况。［结果］ 厄洛替尼单药组与厄洛替尼同步全脑放疗组的ORR分别为52.6%和85.0%（P=0.041）;中位nPFS分别9.4个月和13.7个月（P=0.001）;中位PFS分别为6.9个月和8.5个月（P=0.228）,中位OS为15.1个月和18.8个月（P=0.046）。无4度及以上不良反应发生。［结论］ 与厄洛替尼单药相比,厄洛替尼同步全脑放疗二线治疗无症状的多发性肺腺癌脑转移患者,能够明显提高客观有效率、局部神经系统无进展生存期、延长患者的生存期,同时没有明显增加患者的不良反应。     

培美曲塞致皮肤色素沉着与肺腺癌化疗疗效关系的研究

目的:探讨晚期非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)中肺腺癌患者使用培美曲塞化疗出现色素沉着及其与临床病理特征、培美曲塞化疗疗效的相关性.方法:收集新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院2016年1月至2018年12月经组织病理证实为肺腺癌患者117例,采用不良事件的通用术语标准(CTCAE...     

MVP化疗联合放疗对晚期肺腺癌的疗效分析

目的 探讨化疗联合放疗对晚期肺腺癌预后的影响。方法 选择８０例晚期肺腺癌,其中４５例采用ＭＶＰ方案（丝裂霉素、长春花碱酰胺、顺铂）化疗１～２周期后给予局部放疗,放疗的同时或结束后再行化疗２～４周期;３５例单纯采用ＭＶＰ方案化疗４～６周期。结果 放化组总级解率为６６．７％,中位生存期１９．１个月,其１、２、３年生存率分别为４０％、１１．４％、０％。放化组疗效优于单化组（Ｐ〈０．０５）。两组的毒副作用     

初诊脑转移肺腺癌患者全身治疗联合脑部放疗的疗效和安全性

目的 探讨全身治疗联合脑部放疗治疗初诊脑转移肺腺癌患者的疗效及安全性.方法 收集武汉大学中南医院2014-04-12-2018-12-25收治的58例初诊脑转移肺腺癌患者,其中34例有表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)突变,为EGFR(+)组;24例无驱动基因,为野生型组.58例患者确诊脑转移后均行脑部放疗,同时根据患者驱动...     

培美曲塞对化疗及靶向治疗失败的晚期肺腺癌的疗效观察

目的 探讨培美曲塞对化疗及靶向治疗失败的晚期肺腺癌的治疗价值.方法 随机抽取2012年8月至2014年8月54例晚期肺腺癌患者的临床资料.按照临床治疗方法将患者分为实验组(28例)和对照组(26例).实验组采用培美曲塞单药化疗,对照组患者经常规治疗无效后采取其他化疗方案、支持治疗等措施.观察患者临床疗效、不良反应发生情况、生活质量变化情况.结果 实验组近期疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).实验组不良反应发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).实验组患者QOL总评分高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 培美曲塞治疗化疗及靶向治疗失败的晚期肺腺癌,可有效提高临床疗效,降低不良反应发生情况,改善患者生活质量.     

MVP化疗联合放疗对晚期肺腺癌的疗效分析

目的　探讨化疗联合放疗对晚期肺腺癌预后的影响。方法　选择 80例晚期肺腺癌 ,其中 45例采用MVP方案 (丝裂霉素、长春花碱酰胺、顺铂 )化疗 1～ 2周期后给予局部放疗 ,放疗的同时或结束后再行化疗 2～ 4周期 ;35例单纯采用MVP方案化疗 4～ 6周期。结果　放化组总缓解率为 6 6 7% ,中位生存期 19 1个月 ,其 1、2、3年生存率分别为 6 4 4%、33 3 %、15 5 %。单化组总缓解率为34 3 % ,中位生存期 9 2个月 ,其 1、2、3年生存率分别为 40 %、11 4%、0 %。放化组疗效优于单化组 (P <0 0 5 )。两组的毒副作用无统计学差异 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　MVP化疗联合放疗能改善晚期肺腺癌患者生存质量 ,延长生存期 ,提高生存率。     

同期化疗辅助全脑放疗联合三维适形调强局部加量治疗乳腺癌脑转移的临床研究

目的 探讨同期化疗辅助全脑放疗联合三维适形调强局部加量治疗乳腺癌脑转移的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析92例乳腺癌脑转移患者的临床资料,依据治疗方法的不同将患者分为对照组(n=48)和试验组(n=44).对照组患者采用全脑放疗联合三维适形调强局部加量治疗,试验组患者在上述放疗的基础上给予同期辅助化疗.评估两组患者的临床疗效、不良反应发生情况及生存质量.结果 两组患者均顺利完成治疗.试验组患者的总有效率为31.8％(14/44),高于对照组的12.5％(6/48),差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);试验组和对照组患者的疾病控制率分别为86.4％(38/44)和75.0％(36/48),差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05).试验组患者的中位无进展生存时间(PFS)为4.6个月(95％CI:3.694～5.506),中位总生存时间(OS)为8.3个月(95％CI:6.739～9.861);对照组患者的中位PFS为3.3个月(95％CI:1.893～4.707),中位OS为6.0个月(95％CI:5.103～6.897).试验组患者的中位PFS和中位OS均长于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05).两组患者均出现不同程度的不良反应,主要的3～4级不良反应为胃肠道反应、血小板减少和头痛,但患者均可耐受,均未中止治疗.试验组患者胃肠道反应的发生率为50.00％(22/44),明显高于对照组的16.67％(8/48),差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01);其余不良反应的发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05).治疗后两组患者的KPS评分均提高,且试验组患者的KPS评分明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01).结论 对乳腺癌脑转移患者进行同期化疗辅助全脑放疗联合三维适形调强局部加量治疗可获得较好的临床疗效,且不良反应可耐受.     

三维适形放射治疗肺癌脑转移临床疗效观察

目的：通过观察脑转移三维适形放射治疗的结果，探讨三维适形放射治疗对非小细胞肺癌脑转移的临床意义。方法：1998年5月-2006年2月41例确诊肺癌脑转移患者，其中合并颅外转移18例，非颅外转移23例。所有患者首先经全脑放疗，2—3Gy／次，5次／周，DT30Gy-40Gy，然后行三维适形放射治疗局部加量，90％的等剂量曲线包括靶区，DT4—6Gy／次，总剂量12Gy-24Gy。结果：治疗有效率90．2％（37／41），中位生存期18月，半年生存率79．9％，1年生存率66．7％。结论：全脑放射治疗＋三维适形放射治疗可以提高脑转移的靶区剂量，并提高局部控制率，减少脑部复发的机会，同时颅外转移灶及原发灶的治疗也非常重要。     

Gefitinib alone or with concomitant whole brain radiotherapy for patients with brain metastasis from non-small-cell lung cancer: a retrospective study

Background: Gefitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), is used both as a single drug and concurrently with whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) the standard treatment for brain metastases (BM), and is reported to be effective in a few small studies of patients with BM from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, no study has compared the two treatment modalities. This retrospective analysis was conducted to compare the efficacy of gefitinib alone with gefitinib plus concomitant WBRT in treatment of BM from NSCLC. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 90 patients with BM from NSCLC who received gefitinib alone (250mg/day, gefitinib group) or with concomitant WBRT (40Gy/20f/4w, gefitinib-WBRT group) between September 2005 and September 2009 at Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center. Forty-five patients were in each group. Results: The objective response rate of BM was significantly higher in gefitinib-WBRT group (64.4%) compared with gefitinib group (26.7%, P<0.001). The disease control rate of BM was 71.1% in gefitinib-WBRT group and 42.2% in gefitinib group (P=0.006). The median time to progression of BM was 10.6 months in gefitinib-WBRT group and 6.57 months in gefitinib group (P<0.001). The median overall survival(OS) of gefitinib-WBRT and gefitinib alone group was 23.40 months and 14.83 months, respectively (HR, 0.432, P=0.002). Conclusion: Gefitinib plus concomitant WBRT had higher response rate of BM and significant improvement in OS compared with gefitinib alone in treatment of BM from NSCLC.     

Prognostic index to identify patients who may not benefit from whole brain radiotherapy for multiple brain metastases from lung cancer

Palliative whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is often recommended in the management of multiple brain metastases. Allowing for WBRT waiting time, duration of the WBRT course and time to clinical response, it may take 6 weeks from the point of initial assessment for a benefit from WBRT to manifest. Patients who die within 6 weeks (‘early death’) may not benefit from WBRT and may instead experience a decline in quality of life. This study aimed to develop a prognostic index (PI) that identifies the subset of patients with lung cancer with multiple brain metastases who may not benefit from WBRT because of ‘early death’. The medical records of patients with lung cancer who had WBRT recommended for multiple brain metastases over a 10-year period were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were classified as either having died within 6 weeks or having lived beyond 6 weeks. Potential prognostic indicators were evaluated for correlation with ‘early death’. A PI was constructed by modelling the survival classification to determine the contribution of these factors towards shortened survival. Of the 275 patients recommended WBRT, 64 (23.22%) died within 6 weeks. The main prognostic factor predicting early death was Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) status >2. Patients with a high PI score (>13) were at higher risk of ‘early death’. Twenty-three per cent of patients died prior to benefit from WBRT. ECOG status was the most predictive for ‘early death’. Other factors may also contribute towards a poor outcome. With further refinement and validation, the PI could be a valuable clinical decision tool.     

The prognostic factors of lung cancer patients with brain metastases treated with radiotherapy

Purpose: To analyze the prognostic factors of lung cancer with brain metastases (BM) and evaluate the role of cranial irradiation on survival. Methods and materials: From 1987 to 1994, 159 lung cancer patients with CT scan documented BM were reviewed. All of them underwent cranial irradiation (median radiation dose: 30 Gy). Chemotherapy and surgery of BM were performed in 21 and 10 cases, respectively. Results: Overall median survival was 3.5 months and one year survival rate was 10.69%. Univariate analysis showed that the significant factors were performance status, age, total radiation dose to brain, BM as the first metastasis, neurosurgery, symptoms of urine/stool incontinence, and synchronous BM. Multivariate analysis indicated that (1) performance status (p=0.0002), (2) total radiation dose (p=0.0032), (3) BM as the first metastasis (p=0.0449), (4) neurosurgery (p = 0.0233), (5) symptoms of urine/stool incontinence (p = 0.0002), and (6) the presence of a midline shift on cranial CT scans (p = 0.0063) were significant prognostic factors. Conclusion: The prognosis of BM in lung cancer patients is extremely poor. Radiotherapy appears as an effective means of palliation with 75% overall symptomatic response rate. Higher radiation dose ( 30 Gy) and neurosurgery are associated with longer survival. Good performance status, BM as the first metastasis, absence of sphincter dysfunction, and midline shift on CT scans are favorable prognostic predictors. The role of midline shift is very interesting and needs to be explored further.     

不同EGFR突变肺腺癌脑转移患者WBRT分析

目的 探讨肺腺癌脑转移患者不同EGFR突变状态WBRT疗效差别。方法 回顾分析2010—2015年在本院诊治的89例肺腺癌脑转移患者,所有患者均行EGFR检测。脑转移一线6 MV X线外照射:WBRT30 Gy分10次或40 Gy分20次(≤3个脑转移灶IMRT同步加量40~45 Gy分10次或50~60 Gy分20次)。比较EGFR突变和野生型患者的有效率、IPFS、OS。Kaplan-Meier法计算IPFS、OS并Logrank检验和单因素分析,Cox模型多因素分析。结果 89例患者总有效率为62%,中位IPFS为7.0个月(95%CI为6.060~7.940),中位OS为12.0个月(95%CI为9.539~14.465)。单因素和多因素分析结果显示脑转移患者有效率与KPS评分、EGFR突变状态相关(P=0.009、0.035),KPS评分、EGFR突变状态是IPFS的影响因素(P=0.048、0.000),KPS评分、原发灶控制是OS的影响因素(P=0.000、0.031)。结论 肺腺癌脑转移患者WBRT后,EGFR突变较野生型有效率高,IPFS时间长,OS无差别。     

全脑放疗联合替莫唑胺治疗肺癌脑转移疗效观察

目的:探讨全脑放疗（WBRT）联合替莫唑胺（TMZ）治疗非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）脑转移的疗效。方法:回顾分析本院2010年-2014年收治的37例接受WBRT联合TMZ同步治疗及TMZ辅助治疗的NSCLC脑转移患者疗效。WBRT剂量30Gy,TMZ放疗同步口服75mg/(m2·d),序贯给予TMZ 150~200mg/(m2·d),连续5天,28天为1周期,3~6周期。结果:完全缓解10.8%(4/37),部分缓解40.5%(15/37)。中位无进展生存时间和中位生存时间分别为8和10个月。最常见不良反应恶心、呕吐,中性粒细胞减少和血小板减少的发生率分别为59.5%（22/37）,32.4%（12/37）,35.1%（13/37）。结论:WBRT联合TMZ同步治疗及TMZ辅助化疗治疗NSCLC脑转移癌安全有效,耐受性良好,不良反应轻,可作为脑转移癌放化疗综合治疗模式之一进行深入研究。     

Results of a phase III study of early versus delayed whole brain radiotherapy with concurrent cisplatin and vinorelbine combination in inoperable brain metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer: Groupe Fran?ais de Pneumo-Cancérologie (GFPC) Protocol 95-1.

Purpose:To determine if the timing of whole brain radiotherapy(WBRT) with respect to chemotherapy with cisplatin and vinorelbine wouldinfluence survival in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) andconcurrent brain metastasis. Patients and methods:One hundred seventy-six patients with brainmetastasis from NSCLC were included in the study between July 1995 andOctober 1997. All patients received chemotherapy with cisplatin 100mg/m² on day 1 and vinorelbine 30 mg/m² on days 1, 8,15, 22. Cycles were repeated every four weeks. Evaluation of response wasperformed after two, four or six cycles. After two cycles, chemotherapy wasadministered to the responders to a maximum of six cycles. Patients wererandomised to receive WBRT 30 Gy/10 fx/12 days and delayed corticosteroids,(arm A) for the intracranial nonresponders, or early on day 1 to 12 during thefirst cycle of chemotherapy (arm B). Results:One hundred seventy-one patients were eligible:eighty-six in arm A and eighty-five in arm B; none had received priorchemotherapy; seventy-six and seventy-three, respectively, were assessable forresponse. There was a 21% overall objective response rate (OR) (with1 complete response and 17 partial responses) after two cycles of chemotherapyalone (arm A) and a 20% OR (with 17 partial responses) to chemotherapyand early WBRT (arm B). The intracranial OR was 27% and 33%,respectively (P = 0.12). The six months survival rate(46% and 40%) and the median survival duration (24 and 21 weeks,respectively) were not significantly different between the two arms(P = 0.83, log-rank test). The major toxicity was severe orlife-threatening neutropenia (grade 4), which occurred in 35% of armA patients and 36% of arm B patients. There were thirteentreatment-related deaths (six in arm A and seven in arm B). There was nodifference between the arms for haematological and neuro-toxicities. Conclusions:These results confirm the efficacy of chemotherapyin brain metastases of NSCLC and suggest that the timing (early or delayed)of WBRT did not influence survival of NSCLC with brain metastasis treated withconcurrent chemotherapy.     

非小细胞肺癌脑转移的治疗进展

肺癌是发病率和死亡率很高的恶性肿瘤,其中非小细胞肺癌约占肺癌的80%,而且在疾病发展过程中易发生脑转移,一旦发生脑转移,严重影响患者的生存质量并危及生命。肺癌脑转移的治疗方法包括外科手术、化疗、全脑放射治疗、立体定向放射治疗、分子靶向治疗和免疫治疗等,治疗手段多种多样,治疗效果有差异,对于不同患者如何选择合理且有效的治疗方案是目前研究的热点之一。本文将对非小细胞肺癌脑转移相关进展进行综述,以期为肺癌脑转移患者选择更合理的临床治疗方案。