共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 218 毫秒
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目的:总结microRNA(miRNA)相关基因单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)与结直肠癌患者预后的相关性研究,探讨miRNA相关基因SNPs在结直肠癌患者中的预后价值。方法:应用Medline及PubMed全文数据库检索系统,以"miRNA、单核苷酸多态性、癌症和预后"等为关键词,检索2008-07-2013-10的相关文献。纳入标准:1)miRNA相关基因SNP在癌症中的研究现状;2)miRNA相关基因SNP与结直肠癌患者预后的相关性研究。符合要求并纳入分析的文献39篇。结果:miRNAs是一类非编码小RNAs,可以与靶基因mRNA分子3′非翻译区域特异性结合来负调控蛋白表达。miRNA的突变、缺失或表达水平异常与肿瘤的发生发展密切相关。miRNAs表达水平的异常可作为结直肠癌预后相关的标志。编码miRNA的基因及相关的靶基因结合位点中也存在SNP,其可能通过miRNA转录、miRNA前体形成以及miRNA与mRNA的结合这3种不同的机制影响miRNA的调控,从而来影响结直肠癌患者的预后。miRNA相关基因SNPs(pre-miR-423的rs6505162、pre-miR-608的rs4919510、mir608的rs4919510、mir219-1的rs213210以及let-7f-2的rs17276588),在结直肠癌患者中的预后价值可能与肿瘤分期及治疗有关。结论:miRNA相关基因SNPs可作为预测结直肠癌患者预后的替代标志。 相似文献
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外周血miRNA作为肿瘤标志物的研究进展 总被引:8,自引:6,他引:2
miRNA是一类长度为20~24个核苷酸的非编码小分子RNA,与靶基因3'端非编码区不完全配对,从而抑制靶基因mRNA的翻译,影响个体发育、细胞凋亡、细胞增殖和分化等生命活动,与肿瘤的发生、转移和耐药等病理进程密切相关.近年来的研究发现,除了组织和细胞中的miRNA,外周血miRNA的表达也表现为显著的肿瘤相关性、组织特异性和表达稳定性,符合肿瘤标志物的要求.本文就外周血miRNA作为肿瘤标志物的研究进展进行综述. 相似文献
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人类基因组中大部分为非编码区,转录产生非编码RNA(ncRNA)。这些ncRNA可以在表观遗传学水平及转录后水平调控癌基因和抑癌基因的表达,影响肿瘤的发生和发展,是肿瘤诊断、治疗及预后判断的潜在靶标。微小RNA(miRNA) 和长链非编码RNA(lncRNA) 是ncRNA的两个重要分类。其中,lncRNA通过多种机制在不同水平进行基因表达调控,发挥其生物学功能,这些机制包括基因印迹、染色质重塑、细胞周期调控、选择性剪接、mRNA降解和翻译调控等。近年来,miRNA和lncRNA在癌症发生发展中相互作用的分子机制引起了人们的注意。本文主要就这两者在癌症发生发展过程中的相互作用机制及研究方法进行综述。 相似文献
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微RNA分子(miRNA,miR)是一类长约18~25个核苷酸的非编码小分子RNA,起内源性RNA干扰作用.微RNA从转录后水平调控上百种靶基因表达,因而能控制广泛的生物学功能,如细胞增殖、分化、凋亡.通过与靶mRNA的3'端非翻译区(3'UTR)结合,抑制mRNA翻译或增加其稳定性而发挥作用.大部分微RNA定位于基因组肿瘤相关的脆性位点、杂合子缺失点、扩增区及常见断裂区,提示与肿瘤的发生关系密切.各种肿瘤中miR-NAs表达上调或下调,可能起致癌或抑癌基因作用.一直以为肿瘤的发生是由一系列致癌基因和抑癌基因突变逐步形成的.随着非编码RNA的发现,此传统观念被改变.研究表明非编码RNA中的成员microRNA对肿瘤形成起重要的调控作用.近来,越来越多的研究探讨不同的miRNA与各种肿瘤的发生发展乃至治疗预后的关系.肺癌位居世界癌症死因之首,其病因学主要是遗传和吸烟引起的后天损伤.对上百种基因的RNA和蛋白质系统分析有助于明确肺癌发生的分子网络.miRNA与肺癌的发生、发展关系密切,可能在肺癌的诊断、治疗及预后监测中发挥重要作用.目前文献报道的与肺癌关系比较密切的miRNA有miRNA-126、miRNA-221、miRNA-222、has-mir-221、miR-17-92簇、miRNA-128b、has-mir-137、has-mir-182、has-mir-372及miRNA-let7家族成员等.本文就这些miRNAs在肺癌的遗传易感性、诊断、侵袭转移、治疗及预后等方面进行综述. 相似文献
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Kouji Banno Megumi Yanokura Iori Kisu Wataru Yamagami Nobuyuki Susumu Daisuke Aoki 《International journal of clinical oncology / Japan Society of Clinical Oncology》2013,18(2):186-192
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of approximately 22 bp that induce RNA interference with a complementary messenger RNA (mRNA) and act in silencing of mRNA. miRNAs are strongly associated with cancer development and those involved in carcinogenesis are classified into oncogenic miRNAs and tumor suppressor miRNAs (tumor suppressor miRs). Specific miRNAs are expressed in various tissues and changes in regulation of gene expression are thought to cause carcinogenesis. Thus, tissue-specific miRNAs may be biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Approaches to application of miRNAs as cancer therapy are also ongoing, based on the involvement of miRNAs in carcinogenesis. In endometrial cancer, miRNAs are associated with regulation of gene expression, epigenetic dysfunction and carcinogenesis. Thus, miRNAs are likely to have key roles in diagnosis, prognostic prediction, and therapy in endometrial cancer. 相似文献
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乳腺癌是全球女性患病率最高的恶性肿瘤,严重危害广大女性的健康。微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)是一类小的内源性非编码RNA,通过与mRNA 3’端非翻译区部分互补配对,在翻译后水平调节靶基因的表达。miRNA在乳腺的发育过程中发挥多种作用,其表达异常可能导致乳腺癌的发生。乳腺癌中miRNA的异常表达,以及miRNA在血清中的稳定存在,使miRNA有望成为新的生物标志物用于乳腺癌的诊断及预后判断。 相似文献
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the expression of approximately 30% of protein-coding genes. Functions of miRNAs are essential to maintain a steady state of cellular machinery. Dysregulations of miRNAs play pivotal roles in the initiation and progression of malignancies. Abnormal miRNA expressions have been found in a variety of human solid tumors. Furthermore, extracellular miRNAs could circulate in body fluids, and hence show great promise for refining diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. Here we review the progress of analysis of microRNAs as a potential approach for diagnosis and prognosis of solid cancer. We will also discuss obstacles in developing miRNAs as circulating biomarkers. 相似文献
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In the past several years, the importance of microRNA (miRNA) in cancer cells has been recognized. Proper control of miRNA expression is essential for maintaining a steady state of the cellular machinery. Recently, it was discovered that extracellular miRNAs circulate in the blood of both healthy and diseased patients, although ribonuclease is present in both plasma and serum. Most of the circulating miRNAs are included in lipid or lipoprotein complexes, such as apoptotic bodies, microvesicles, or exosomes, and are, therefore, highly stable. The existence of circulating miRNAs in the blood of cancer patients has raised the possibility that miRNAs may serve as a novel diagnostic marker. However, the secretory mechanism and biological function, as well as the meaning of the existence of extracellular miRNAs, remain largely unclear. In this review, we summarize the usefulness of circulating miRNA for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics. Furthermore, we propose a mechanism for the secretion and incorporation of miRNA into the cells. (Cancer Sci 2010) 相似文献
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate critical cell processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis and
differentiation by modulating gene expression. MiRNAs deregulation has been observed extensively in cancer. Elegant studies
have demonstrated that miRNAs are involved in the initiation and progression of several malignancies. In this review we will
address the role of miRNAs in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. The development of new drugs mimicking or blocking miRNAs
will be discussed. 相似文献
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胰腺癌是一种死亡率高、侵袭性强的恶性肿瘤,临床诊断和治疗目前没有较大进展。晚期确诊、早期侵袭转移和化放疗抵抗是预后差的关键因素。研究发现微小RNA的异常表达与胰腺癌有关。微小RNA是一类小非编码RNA分子,常通过降解靶基因mRNA或抑制其翻译,调控靶基因表达,从而参与肿瘤的发生发展。最新研究发现微小RNA在胰腺癌组织、血循环和其他体液中存在差异性表达, 有助于胰腺癌诊断,而促癌或抑癌性微小RNA在肿瘤增殖、凋亡、进展中起重要作用,有望成为新的治疗靶点。因此,进一步深入研究胰腺癌诊断、治疗和预后相关的微小RNA,有利于从不同角度理解胰腺癌发病机制,为抗癌提供新思路。 相似文献