低强度氦氖激光对内皮细胞增殖与ICAM-1的影响

应用低强度激光辐照体外培养的血管内皮细胞并观测其对内皮细胞增殖与细胞间粘附分子 (ICAM- 1)表达变化的规律 ,从细胞与分子水平揭示低强度激光辐照疗法的治疗机制。1　材料与方法1.1　内皮细胞培养　取体重为 180± 2 0 g健康 Wistar大鼠的腹主动脉段 ,切成 2× 2 m m小动脉片 ,贴入灭菌的5 0 m l培养瓶中 ,加塞后侧立置于 3 7℃、5 % CO2 培养箱中培养 ,将长成单层的原代内皮细胞消化后 ,加入 12 m l含有15 %胎牛血清的 M199培养基 ,加入另 1个 5 0 m l的培养瓶中 ,继续培养。1.2　鉴定是否为内皮细胞　血管内皮细胞具有合成与释放…     

人重组白细胞介素—6对培养的大鼠海马神经元缺氧—复氧后Jun表达的影响

近来的研究表明 ,Ｃ ｊｕｎ原癌基因为脑内即早反应基因 ,能被外界多种刺激因子诱导。低氧、缺血和某些药物等外源性刺激可诱导Ｃ ｊｕｎ表达[1] 。体外培养的交感神经元在去除神经生长因子的条件下可引起Ｃ ｊｕｎ表达增加 ,并证明Ｃ ｊｕｎ过度表达能导致神经元凋亡[2 ] 。但有关缺氧 复氧对体外培养海马神经元Ｊｕｎ表达影响的研究甚少。鉴于我们以前的工作证实人重组白细胞介素 6 (ｒｈＩＬ 6 )能增强海马神经元的抗缺氧能力[3 ] ,但ｒｈＩＬ 6能否影响缺氧 复氧后神经元的Ｊｕｎ表达尚不清楚 ,为此本实验用免疫组织化学方法 ,观察缺…     

PC12细胞化学缺氧复氧损伤与缺氧诱导因子1表达的关系

目的 研究缺氧诱导因子1(HIF1)在PC12细胞化学缺氧复氧损伤中的作用。方法 在培养液中加入和去除氯化钴模拟化学缺氧和复氧，以乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)漏出和细胞超微结构改变作为细胞损伤指标，观察化学缺氧和复氧后不同时间细胞损伤和HIF1 α蛋白变化。结果 在氯化钴模拟化学缺氧实验中，LDH漏出明显增加，8h达高峰，随后逐渐下降，电镜结果与LDH改变相一致，HIF1 α蛋白表达在化学缺氧后2，4，8和12h均明显增加，8h达高峰，提示化学缺氧8h后细胞损伤逐渐减轻可能与HIF1 α蛋白水平升高有关。在模拟复氧实验中，LDH和细胞形态学改变都显示化学复氧8h细胞损伤最为严重，而HIF1 α蛋白表达在化学复氧4和8h均明显下降，提示细胞化学复氧损伤可能与HIF1 α蛋白水平下降有关。结论 HIF1对神经细胞化学缺氧复氧损伤具有保护作用。     

急性缺血性脑血管病患者周围白细胞表面ICAM—1表达变化

目的：探讨血白细胞表面细胞间粘附分子（ICAM－1）表达与急性缺血性脑血管病关系。方法：应用流式细胞术测定139例脑缺血急性期患者和52例健康人周围血白细胞上ICAM－1。结果：急性脑缺血患者发病48小时内中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞上ICAM－1明显增高，病后2周中性粒细胞上ICAM－1下降，而淋巴细胞和单核细胞上ICAM－1表达仍高。结论：ICAM－1通过中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞和单核细胞在脑缺血发病初不同阶段发挥作用。     

缺氧／复氧对星形胶质细胞AQP4表达的影响

目的 探讨缺氧/复氧对于体外培养星形胶质细胞表达AQP4的影响及缺血性脑血管病脑水肿的发病机制.方法 选取新生24 h Wistar大鼠脑组织行星形胶质细胞原代培养并建立缺氧/复氧模型,应用Western blot和免疫细胞化学法检测星形胶质细胞AQP4的表达变化.结果 与对照组比较,缺氧3 h和6 h星形胶质细胞AQP4蛋白表达减少(P<0.01),复氧后6 h和9 h其表达明显增高(P<0.01).结论 AQP4表达变化与细胞损害相关.     

hsa-miR-642b-3p对缺氧/复氧条件下脑微血管内皮细胞的作用研究

目的 探讨hsa-miR-642b-3p对缺氧/复氧(H/R)条件下脑微血管内皮细胞的作用。方法 脑微血管内皮细胞建立缺氧/复氧模型检测hsa-miR-642b-3p表达改变,对hsa-miR-642b-3p的表达予以相应的干预,并通过台盼蓝染色检测细胞死亡情况,通过CCK8检测细胞增殖情况,通过FITC-白蛋白检测细胞通透性,并通过生信学分析hsa-miR-642b-3p可能的GO和KEGG功能富集。结果 Hsa-miR-642b-3p在缺氧/复氧模型中表达升高,给与hsa-miR-642b-3p抑制剂后,能够减少缺氧/复氧条件下的细胞死亡,促进细胞增殖,降低细胞通透性。此外GO和KEGG功能富集分析hsa-miR-642b-3p与RNA调控、细胞粘附、TGF-β通路等多种生物学功能及信号通路相关。结论 Hsa-miR-642b-3p能够改善在缺氧/复氧条件下脑微血管内皮细胞功能状态,可能是缺血性脑卒中相关的调节因子之一。     

大鼠脑缺血再灌注后ICAM-1的表达与白细胞浸润关系的研究

目的 研究大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注后脑组织中细胞间粘附分子－1（ICAM－1）的表达与白细胞浸润的关系，并探讨亚低温的治疗作用。方法 采用大鼠大脑中动脉阻断（MCAO）模型，经免疫组化及HE染色，测定ICAM－1表达阳性微血管数及白细胞计数。结果 （1）脑缺血再灌注后，脑缺血坏死周边区的微血管内皮细胞表达ICAM－1及白细胞浸润增多，并于24h达到高峰，二者之间呈正相关（P＜0．01）；（2）缺血早期进行亚低温治疗能明显减轻缺血再灌注后ICAM－1的表达及减少白细胞浸润（P＜0．01）。结论 脑缺血再灌注后ICAM－1可介导白细胞和内皮细胞的粘附；亚低温干预治疗可减轻缺血再灌注后脑组织的损害。     

胰岛素对缺氧/复氧神经元上的HMGB1、NF-κB表达的影响

目的探讨胰岛素(insulin,In)对缺氧/复氧诱导新生大鼠皮质神经元损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法将培养7 d的大鼠皮质神经元随机分为3组,A组为正常对照组,B组单纯采用缺氧/复氧(H/R),C组采用In预处理加H/R,各组在H/R后0、3、6、12、24h各时间点,以TUNEL比较各组凋亡细胞,免疫组化比较各组高迁移率族蛋白B1(high mobilitygroup protein box 1,HMGB1)、核因子κB(nuclear factorκB,NF-κB)表达。结果①B组凋亡神经元明显多于A组,C组显著少于B组,3组比较差异有统计学意义。②B组HMGB1、NF-κB的表达较正常对照组明显增加,C组HMGB1、NF-κB表达较B组明显减少。结论In可使H/R后神经元HMGB1、NF-κB表达降低,抑制神经元凋亡,这可能是其脑保护作用的机制之一。     

大鼠脑缺血再灌注模型ICAM-1表达与白细胞浸润关系及亚低温干预治疗的研究

目的　研究大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注后不同时程脑组织中的细胞间粘附分子 1 (ICAM 1 )表达规律 ,及其与白细胞浸润的关系 ,并探讨亚低温的治疗作用。方法　采用大鼠大脑中动脉 (MCA)线拴闭塞 /再通法建立大鼠局灶性脑缺血 再灌注模型 ,常温组分别于脑缺血 3小时再灌注 2小时、8小时、2 4小时、48小时、72小时后断头取脑 ;假手术组及亚低温组于脑缺血 3小时再灌注 2 4小时断头取脑 ,行ICAM 1免疫组化及组织HE染色 ,测定ICAM 1表达阳性微血管数及白细胞计数。结果　⑴脑缺血再灌注后 2小时 ,脑缺血的坏死周边区的微血管内皮细胞表达ICAM 1出现增高趋势 ,并于 2 4小时达到高峰 ,各组之间及各组与假手术组间均有显著差异 (均P <0 0 5) ;⑵脑缺血再灌注 8小时出现白细胞浸润 ,且浸润高峰也在 2 4小时 (P <0 0 1 ) ;⑶ICAM 1的表达与白细胞浸润呈正相关 (r =0 .82 7,P <0 0 1 ) ;⑷缺血早期进行亚低温治疗能明显减轻缺血再灌注后ICAM 1的表达及减少白细胞浸润 (P <0 0 1 )。结论　脑缺血再灌注后ICAM 1可介导白细胞和内皮细胞的粘附 ,加速白细胞的浸润 ,提示ICAM 1是造成脑缺血损伤的重要因素之一 ;亚低温的干预治疗能明显减轻缺血再灌注后脑组织病理形态学的损害程度。     

缺氧与复氧对星形胶质细胞水通道蛋白-9表达的影响

目的探讨体外培养星形胶质细胞缺氧及复氧后水通道蛋白-9(AQP9)表达的变化特点及其所起的作用。方法取生后2d的Wistar大鼠大脑皮层进行星形胶质细胞纯培养,缺氧时间分别为:12、24、48h,并取缺氧24h后复氧12、24、48h的细胞进行存活率、乳酸脱氢酶活性的测定,采用免疫细胞化学方法检测细胞AQP9的表达。结果缺氧组及复氧组的星形胶质细胞死亡数与对照组相比无明显变化,缺氧和复氧后乳酸脱氢酶活性亦无明显改变(P(0.05),缺氧组细胞AQP9表达较对照组增高,并随缺氧时间延长而明显增高(P<0.05),复氧后24h内AQP9表达逐渐下降,24h后AQP9表达仍未恢复正常水平。结论星形胶质细胞对缺氧较为耐受,缺氧对星形胶质细胞存活能力无明显影响,缺氧引起AQP9的表达上调,而复氧使其表达明显下降。     

Cytokine-regulated adhesion between encephalitogenic T lymphocytes and cerebrovascular endothelial cells

Adhesive interactions between murine cerebrovascular endothelial cells (EC) which comprise the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and myelin basic protein (MBP)-specific encephalitogenic T lymphocytes were investigated. Adhesion was assessed by measuring the percent attachment of ⁵¹Cr-labeled T cells to EC monolayers. The basal level adhesion (20–35%) was significantly up-regulated by treating EC with recombinant murine gamma interferon (IFN-γ), interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and/or tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα). The ability of these cytokines to modulate adhesion was dose- and time-dependent and could be detected as early as 1 h after treatment. The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) by EC was examined by immunofluorescence staining and ELISA. Although all unstimulated EC cultures expressed ICAM-1, treatment of EC with the above cytokines dramatically up-regulated the level of ICAM-1 expression in a dose- and time-dependent fashion similar to that observed in the adhesion assays. Treatment of EC with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ) down-regulated the level of T cell adhesion on untreated EC in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment of EC with TGFβ also partially inhibited the up-regulation of adhesion induced by IFN-γ, IL-1α and/or TNFα. TGFβ had no effect on the up-regulation of ICAM-1 expression induced by IFN-γ, IL-1α and/or TNFα. These results indicate that in addition to ICAM-1, other molecules may be involved in adhesion of encephalitogenic T cells to the EC comprising the cerebral vasculature. Such interactions are believed to be important to the migration of cells across the BBB and development of inflammatory lesions in the central nervous system (CNS).     

C-reactive protein increases plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression in human endothelial cells

C-reactive protein (CRP) is an inflammatory marker which predicts cardiovascular disease. However, it is not fully understood whether CRP has direct effects on endothelial functions and gene expression. The purpose of current study was to determine the effects and molecular mechanisms of CRP on the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in human endothelial cells. Human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) were treated with CRP at clinically relevant concentrations for different durations. PAI-1 mRNA, protein and enzyme activities were studied. The effects of CRP on MAPK p38 phosphorylation was also studied by Bio-Plex luminex immunoassay. In addition, other types of human endothelial cells isolated from umbilical vein, skin, and lung microvessels were tested. CRP significantly increased PAI-1 mRNA levels in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. The protein level and enzyme activity of PAI-1 in the supernatant of CRP-treated HCAEC cultures were significantly increased. Anti-CD32 antibody effectively blocked CRP-induced PAI-1 mRNA expression. In addition, CRP significantly increased CD32 mRNA levels and enhanced phosphorylation of MAPK p38. Furthermore, antioxidant curcumin dramatically inhibited CRP-induced PAI-1 mRNA expression. The effect of CRP on PAI-1 expression was also confirmed in other types of human endothelial cells. In conclusion, CRP significantly increased the expression of PAI-1 in HCAEC and other human endothelial cells. CRP also increased its receptor CD32 expression which may further enhance its action. CRP-induced PAI-1 expression may be mediated by oxidative stress and p38 signal pathway as antioxidant effectively blocks the effect of CRP on HCAEC.     

兔主动脉内皮细胞培养及鉴定：内皮细胞分离方式及培养条件的改良

背景：获取内皮细胞的方法有机械刮取、组织块移植和酶消化法3种。一直以来,内皮细胞的培养方法也在不断的更新。目的：探讨兔主动脉内皮细胞的培养和鉴定方法。方法：取1周龄新西兰大耳白兔主动脉,剥去外膜,内膜面向下铺入2 g/LⅠ型胶原酶、2 g/LⅢ型胶原酶,2 g/L Ⅳ型胶原酶和2 g/L Ⅴ型胶原酶混合消化液中(按1∶1∶1∶1∶1混合)消化20 min,按1∶1加入培养基以终止消化。轻轻刮下内膜层细胞,将细胞悬液离心,用DMEM培养液(含胎牛血清20%、VEGF 1 μg/L、bFGF 2 μg/L,庆大霉素6 U/L)混匀沉淀细胞,吹打分散至单个细胞培养,48 h后用首次换液。再按1∶2分瓶传代培养。采用倒置相差显微镜观察细胞培养结果。免疫组织化学及免疫荧光鉴定Ⅷ因子相关抗原。电镜观察Weibel-Paladed小体。结果与结论：体外获得并培养5代内皮细胞。Ⅷ因子相关抗原及电镜观察W-P小体均证实实验成功的培养了原代及传代内皮细胞。提示兔主动脉内皮细胞可从主动脉获得并通过培养成为细胞系,Ⅷ因子相关抗原及电镜观察W-P小体联合鉴定是确定内皮细胞的良好方法。     

人脐血中分离培养扩增内皮集落形成细胞及其生物相容性*☆

背景：内皮集落形成细胞是内皮祖细胞的一种亚型,体外培养扩增及其在组织工程中的应用尚不明确。 目的：探索从人脐血中分离培养扩增内皮集落形成细胞并观察其生物相容性。 方法：采用密度梯度离心法从人脐血中分离单个核细胞,接种于Ⅰ型鼠尾胶原包被的培养板上,采用内皮祖细胞专用EGM-2培养基诱导培养,早期传代后扩增,免疫荧光鉴定细胞,并检测其体外成血管和增殖能力,与纳米羟基磷灰石/磷酸三钙材料复合培养后的生物相容性。 结果与结论：脐血来源内皮集落形成细胞呈铺路石样集落生长,吞噬Dil-Ac-LDL并结合FITC-UEA-1,表达CD31,vWF,KDR和Tie-2,早期传代后拥有较强增殖潜能,可在体外大量扩增,在体外基质胶上可形成闭合管腔样结构,复合纳米羟基磷灰石/磷酸三钙材料后生物学特性不受影响。提示可从脐血中分离并体外大量扩增内皮集落形成细胞。     

In vitro intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression on brain endothelial cells in multiple sclerosis

To investigate the origin of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and its expression on brain endothelial cells, we studied the expression in vitro of ICAM-1 on human brain endothelial cells after incubation of T cells from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) using a histochemical technique and flow cytometry. We determined soluble forms of ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) in the supernatants after mixtures of brain endothelial cells and T cells from patients with MS using an enzyme-liked immunosorbent assay. Flow cytometric analysis showed that a number of ICAM-1-positive cells were significantly increased after incubation of brain endothelial cells with T cells from patients with acute relapsing MS during an exacerbation as compared with those of controls (P<0.01). Patients with acute relapsing MS during an exacerbation and chronic progressive MS exhibited higher levels of ICAM-1 in the supernatants of mixtures with brain endothelial cells and lymphocytes than those of controls (P<0.001 and P<0.01, respectively). These results suggest that lymphocytes from patients with acute relapsing MS during an exacerbation lead to an increased expression of ICAM-1 on the brain endothelial cells and add to evidence involving this adhesion molecule in the pathogenesis of MS.     

纤维蛋白(原)及其降解产物对共培养人脐静脉内皮细胞的细胞间黏附分子-1表达的影响

目的探讨纤维蛋白原(Fg)、纤维蛋白(Fb)及其降解产物(FDPs)对人脐静脉内皮细胞(HU-VECs)/兔平滑肌细胞(SMCs)共培养模型中细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)表达的影响。方法建立原代HU-VECS与兔SMC共培养体系,根据干预物及其浓度的不同分为Fg、Fb、FDPs组及相应的0 mg/ml、0.5 mg/ml、3.0 mg/ml和6.0 mg/ml亚组。应用核因子B抑制蛋白(I-B)拮抗剂BAY 11-7082、蛋白激酶C(PKC)拮抗剂Staurosporine分别对0.5 mg/ml、3.0 mg/ml和6.0 mg/ml亚组进行干预。采用反转录(RT)-PCR法检测HU-VECS内ICAM-1 mRNA水平;酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测培养上清液的ICAM-1蛋白含量。结果 Fg 3.0mg/ml和6.0 mg/ml亚组ICAM-1 mRNA水平和蛋白含量显著高于0 mg/ml亚组及相应浓度Fg+BAY 11-7082亚组(均P<0.05);Fg 3.0 mg/ml亚组ICAM-1 mRNA水平和蛋白含量显著高于3.0 mg/ml+Staurosporine亚组(均P<0.05)。Fb 6.0 mg/ml亚组ICAM-1 mRNA水平显著高于0 mg/ml、6.0 mg/ml+BAY11-7082和6.0 mg/ml+Staurosporine亚组(均P<0.05),但Fb 6.0 mg/ml亚组ICAM-1蛋白含量显著高于0 mg/ml亚组(P<0.05)。FDPs 6.0 mg/ml亚组ICAM-1 mRNA水平和蛋白含量显著高于0 mg/ml、相应浓度BAY11-7082和Staurosporine亚组(均P<0.05)。结论中、高浓度Fg、Fb、FDPs能上调血管内皮细胞ICAM-1的表达。     

HMG CoA reductase inhibitor suppresses the expression of tissue factor and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 induced by angiotensin II in cultured rat aortic endothelial cells

BACKGROUND: It has been demonstrated that 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (HRIs) reduce the incidence of acute cardiovascular events in patients with hyperlipidemia. Recent reports have shown that the protective effects of these drugs against cardiovascular events are also observed in patients without hyperlipidemia, but the mechanism of this favorable effect still remains unclear. In this study, the effects of HRIs on the endothelial regulation of thrombus formation were elucidated. METHODS AND RESULTS: The mRNA and protein expression of tissue factor (TF) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) induced by angiotensin II (Ang II) were evaluated in cultured rat aortic endothelial cells. Pretreatment with simvastatin (0.03-3 microg/ml) significantly inhibited TF and PAI-1 induction by Ang II in a dose- and time-dependent manner. These inhibitions were significantly attenuated by mevalonic acid or geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate. Both Rho inhibitor, C3 exoenzyme, and Rho kinase inhibitor, Y-27632, mimicked the inhibitory effects of simvastatin against TF and PAI-1 induced by Ang II. This result suggested that the Rho/Rho kinase pathway is related to the TF and PAI-1 induction by Ang II. CONCLUSION: It was indicated that simvastatin maintains endothelial cells to be antithrombotic by inhibiting TF and PAI-1 expression via the Rho/Rho kinase pathways in which AngII induces TF and PAI-1 expression. These observations explain, at least partly, the mechanism of the favorable effects of simvastatin in reducing the thrombotic events.     

内皮祖细胞与烟雾病关系的研究进展

血管重建过程包括三个方面:(1)血管发生:通过成血管细胞和内皮祖细胞分化形成新的血管;(2)血管新生:现存的血管通过成熟内皮细胞发芽的方式形成新的血管;(3)侧支循环开放:通过现存微动脉侧支连接形成内径增大的侧支循环[1].过去一直认为血管发生只存在于胚胎阶段,但Asahara等[2]于1997年证实,外周血中CD34+细胞能在体外分化成具有内皮形态和内皮表型的细胞,在体试验亦发现CD34+细胞可参与缺血组织血管的新生,从而将CD34+细胞命名为内皮祖细胞.     

Soluble forms of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) block lymphocyte attachment to cerebral endothelial cells

Serum levels of circulating ICAM-1 are increased in various disorders including inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). We recently described an association between high sICAM-1 levels in the serum of patients with multiple sclerosis and disease activity. The functional consequences of increased circulating adhesion molecules are not fully understood. This may simply arise as a consequence of inflammation or may have immune modulating properties. ICAM-1 plays an important role in the recruitment of activated lymphocytes to sites of inflammation within the CNS. We therefore tested the ability of soluble forms of ICAM-1 to prevent adhesion of activated lymphocytes to cerebral endothelial cells. Mitogen-activated blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) as well as PBMCs from patients with active multiple sclerosis adhered to cerebral endothelial cell cultures in vitro. This adhesion could be blocked if lymphocytes were preincubated with a recombinant form of soluble ICAM-1. In addition, serum from patients with active multiple sclerosis and high sICAM-1 levels blocked adhesion in a dose-dependent manner which was abrogated by pre-adsorption to an and ICAM-1 antibody. Since soluble forms of ICAM-1 are able to block lymphocyte adhesion to cerebral endothelial cells, they may provide new therapeutic tools to interfere with the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases of the CNS.