阴茎异常勃起隧道术同期植入假体1例报告并文献复习

目的：探讨缺血性阴茎异常勃起的临床诊治以及手术安装阴茎假体的方法.方法：回顾性分析1例缺血性阴茎异常勃起72 h患者的临床资料,采用阴茎海绵体隧道术治疗异常勃起并同期安装阴茎假体.结果：患者异常勃起缓解,术后随访患者异常勃起无复发且能够维持正常性生活.结论：阴茎缺血性异常勃起手术治疗同期安装阴茎假体具有较好的临床效果.     

老年自发性高流量阴茎异常勃起(附1例报告及文献复习)

目的 :探讨高流量阴茎异常勃起的病因与发病机制 ,提高对高流量阴茎异常勃起的诊断和治疗的认识。　方法 :报告 1例老年自发性高流量阴茎异常勃起病人的临床资料。　结果 :动脉血管造影提示右侧阴茎海绵体动脉破裂 ,海绵体血气分析结果正常。行明胶海绵体栓塞术 ,术后阴茎很快转入疲软状态。　结论 :老年自发性高流量阴茎异常勃起 (非缺血性 )较少见 ,保守治疗无效时需采用血气分析和动脉造影确定出血部位后行栓塞或海绵体动脉结扎术。     

反复发作缺血性阴茎异常勃起(1例报告并文献复习)

目的探讨反复发作缺血性阴茎异常勃起的临床特点。方法分析复发性阴茎异常勃起1例,结合相关文献复习。结果反复发作夜间阴茎异常勃起16个月患者,临床检查确诊为复发性缺血性异常勃起,采用5a还原酶抑制剂保列治联合5羟色胺再摄取抑制剂左洛复治疗5d后,异常勃起未复发。继续服用保列治治疗,随访4个月异常勃起无复发,勃起功能正常。结论复发性缺血性阴茎异常勃起临床罕见,采用5a还原酶抑制剂联合5羟色胺再摄取抑制剂治疗具有一定的效果。     

阴茎异常勃起的治疗进展

阴茎异常勃起是一种病理性勃起状态 ,是泌尿外科的急症之一[1,2 ] ,可发生于任何年龄包括勃起功能障碍患者。由于近年来阴茎海绵体药物注射疗法的广泛应用 ,阴茎异常勃起的发生率显著增高[3 ,4 ] 。现将阴茎异常勃起定义、发生原因、诊断及治疗方法的进展综述如下。一、阴茎异常勃起的分类及原因阴茎异常勃起的发生被认为是阴茎疲软机制障碍 ,常由于过度的释放血管松弛性神经传递物质使疲软功能失调、静脉回流受阻或阴茎海绵体动脉损伤引起。阴茎异常勃起可分为低流量 (缺血性 )和高流量 (非缺血性 )两类。低流量阴茎异常勃起较常见 ,伴有静…     

《阴茎异常勃起诊疗指南》解读

阴茎异常勃起是一种可以发生于任何年龄男性的病理性勃起状态,虽然临床少见,但缺血性阴茎异常勃起可引起严重ED、阴茎海绵体坏死、纤维化和阴茎畸形等,因此阴茎异常勃起是男科、泌尿外科的急症之一.     

阴茎异常勃起6例护理体会

目的探讨阴茎异常勃起的护理措施。方法回顾性分析阴茎异常勃起6例患者的临床资料。结果：6例患者经积极手术治疗及综合护理后效果满意。结论阴茎异常勃起的治疗关键在于改善阴茎海绵体的静脉回流,减少海绵体内压,解除异常勃起状态。     

阴茎异常勃起的病因与治疗

阴茎异常勃起是一种持续性的痛性阴茎海绵体膨胀,可发生于任何年龄的男性。近年来,随着临床药物治疗与男子性功能障碍诊治工作的发展,阴茎异常勃起作为泌尿外科临床急症越来越多见了,及时而有效的诊断与治疗,对患者性功能的恢复具有重要意义。本文对近年来文献中关于阴茎异常勃起的病因及诊治情况做一综述。一、阴茎异常勃起的原因很多全身性疾病可引起阴茎异常勃起,血液病是常见病之一,如镰状细胞病、地中海贫血、红细胞增多症、血小板减少症等,尤其是儿童患者,大约60％以上的阴茎异常勃起是由血液病引起的。有时阴茎异常勃起可以是血液病的首发症状。因     

阴茎异常勃起288小时1例报告

阴茎异常勃起是指阴茎在不伴有性刺激情况下的长时间痛性勃起，早期及时处理可避免并发勃起功能障碍。笔者遇到1例较长时间的阴茎异常勃起，临床罕见，现报告如下。     

阴茎肿瘤引起的阴茎异常勃起2例报告并文献复习

目的:提高临床医生急诊处理阴茎异常勃起疾病的能力。方法:2例阴茎肿瘤引起的阴茎异常勃起患者经阴茎海绵体根部注射间羟胺2~8 mg治疗无效,在龟头、阴茎海绵体根部各置9号针头,以肝素化生理盐水对冲的保守治疗亦无效后,行手术治疗。结果:2例患者均手术行阴茎全切术,术后病理证实1例为阴茎原发肉瘤,1例为膀胱癌转移所致移行细胞癌。结论:阴茎肿瘤致阴茎异常勃起疾病临床少见。在急诊收治异常勃起患者时不应遗漏该诱因。     

肺癌阴茎转移致异常勃起1例报告（附文献复习）

目的提高对肿瘤阴茎转移致异常勃起的认识。方法回顾1例转移性阴茎癌致阴茎异常勃起的处理过程,结合文献复习,分析发病机理、临床特征、诊断、治疗及预后。结果 1例阴茎持续痛性勃起2周、先接受阴茎尿道海绵体分流术,术后症状无明显改善。1周后阴茎头逐渐变黑(干性坏疽)。胸部CT提示肺癌,盆腔MR示阴茎根部肿瘤转移。术后病理示:阴茎鳞状细胞癌浸润。3周后患者死于全身衰竭。结论肿瘤阴茎转移致阴茎异常勃起极为罕见,20-50%实体肿瘤阴茎转移以阴茎异常勃起为首发症状,而且所有病例均预后非常差。顽固性阴茎异常勃起结合肿瘤病史,应考虑到肿瘤阴茎转移。强调对肿瘤阴茎转移异常勃起患者进行原发肿瘤部位寻找及个体化的综合治疗。     

复杂颅骨缺损的个性化治疗

目的:对21例复杂颅骨缺损的个性化治疗进行了回顾分析。方法:采用全麻手术,以个性化钛合金板辅以各种辅助修复的手术方法,根据缺损所涉及的范围及复杂程度选择不同的方法,进行个性化治疗。结果:21例患者头部畸形均明显改善,经过3～12个月的术后跟踪观察,患者对手术效果均表示非常满意。结论:在复杂颅骨缺损患者治疗开始时,选择正确的治疗方法和顺序是治疗成败的关键。     

腔内镜联用配合气压弹道碎石治疗复杂性上尿路结石

目的：探讨提高复杂性上尿路结石疗效的方法。方法：对21例复杂性上尿路结石患者采用经皮肾镜、输尿管镜、输尿管电切镜两镜或三镜联合并配合气压弹道碎石机治疗。结果：21例复杂性上尿路结石均一期治疗成功，一期结石取净率为90．5％，3个月结石排净率为100%，无严重并发症发生。结论：腔内镜联用配合气压弹道碎石治疗复杂性上尿路结石具有安全、高效、损伤小、周期短等优点。     

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??Perioperative complicated intra-abdominal infections??Recognition and standardized therapy WANG Ge-fei??REN Jian-an??LI Jie-shou. Clinical School of Medical College of Nanjing University, Research Institute of General Surgery, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, PLA, Nanjing 210002??China
Corresponding author??REN Jian-an??E-mail??jiananr@gmail.com
Abstract Postoperative complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs) are common but challenges in clinical practice, which need adequate source control procedure and antimicrobial therapy. Damage control and step-up approach should be set up during source control procedure of cIAIs. Initial minimally invasive intra-abdominal drainage like percutaneous drainage using a sump drain by trocar puncture should be performed. If minimally invasive drainage can't control infection??surgical drainage should be administrated. If complicated with abdominal hypertension??open abdomen should be taken into consideration. Empiric antimicrobial therapy should be initiated once a patient receives a diagnosis of an intra-abdominal infection according to epidemiological feature??followed by pathogen-directed antimicrobial therapy.     

Prosthetic valve endocarditis. Analysis of factors affecting outcome of therapy

We analyzed the outcome of 116 patients with prosthetic valve endocarditis treated between 1975 and 1983 and used multivariate analysis to identify risk factors for in-hospital mortality and bad outcome during follow-up. Complicated prosthetic valve endocarditis was defined as the presence of a new or changing heart murmur, new or worsening heart failure, new or progressive cardiac conduction abnormalities, or prolonged fever during therapy. Complicated prosthetic valve endocarditis was present in 64% of patients; factors associated with complicated prosthetic valve endocarditis included aortic valve infection (odds ratio 4.3, p = 0.002) and onset of endocarditis within 12 months of the cardiac operation (odds ratio 5.5, p = 0.0001). The in-hospital mortality rate for prosthetic valve endocarditis was 23%; patients with complicated prosthetic valve endocarditis had a higher mortality than patients with uncomplicated infection (odds ratio 6.4, p = 0.0009). Combined medical-surgical therapy was used in 39% of patients; surgical therapy was more common in patients with complicated prosthetic valve endocarditis (odds ratio 16, p less than 0.0001) and in patients infected with coagulase-negative staphylococci (odds ratio 3.9, p = 0.003). Survival after initially successful therapy for prosthetic valve endocarditis was adversely affected by the presence of moderate or severe congestive heart failure at hospital discharge (p = 0.03). Bad outcome during follow-up (death, relapse of prosthetic valve endocarditis, or subsequent cardiac operation related to sequelae of the original infection) was more common in the medical than the medical-surgical therapy group (p = 0.02). The difference in long-term outcome between patients treated initially with medical or with medical-surgical therapy was particularly evident in those with complicated prosthetic valve endocarditis (p = 0.008). The presence of complicated prosthetic valve endocarditis is a central variable in assessing prognosis and planning therapy; the majority of patients with complicated prosthetic valve endocarditis are best treated with medical-surgical therapy. Those who are not treated surgically during their initial hospitalization are at high risk for progressive prosthesis dysfunction and require careful follow-up.     

Complicated urinary tract infections

A complicated urinary tract infection is that which occurs in a patient with an anatomically abnormal urinary tract or significant medical or surgical comorbidities. Whereas this definition may not cover each and every situation, it does serve to encompass the great majority of these patients and guide their care. The definition is necessarily broad, to assure that these potentially complex patients are appropriately managed. Thus, complicated urinary tract infection describes a group of patients that usually need a prolonged course of antimicrobial therapy, with all its attendant morbidities, costs, and outcome differences.     

Giant hemangioma: treatment with intermittent pneumatic compression

Giant cavernous hemangiomas in newborns and infants can present with life-threatening complications. Although some modes of therapy are effective, there is a significant associated morbidity and mortality. The author reports two cases of complicated giant cavernous hemangiomas treated successfully with intermittent pneumatic compression. This mode of therapy is effective in the treatment of accessible giant hemangiomas. It is safe, simple, and inexpensive and, when possible, should be used as a primary mode of treatment in complicated cases.     

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目的探讨肝内胆管结石合并胆道出血的诊治方法。方法对1982～1992年收治的32例肝内胆管结石合并胆道出血病人进行回顾性分析。结果32例病人中14例为肝内胆管自发性出血，均采用手术治疗，止血率为100％，随访1年无复发出血，18例为手术后出血，3例经保守治疗治愈，15例经保守治疗无效后采用手术治疗，13例止血成功，2例死亡。结论对肝内胆管结石合并自发性胆道出血应及时手术，在止血同时注意处理原发病变。手术后的胆道出血可先采取非手术治疗，部分病人可取得较好的疗效；非手术治疗无效者，应积极再手术治疗。     

Non-clostridial anaerobic infection in complicated cholecystitis

Results of bacteriological investigations and treatment of 112 patients with complicated forms of acute cholecystitis are described. It was found that in complicated forms of acute cholecystitis an important part was played by associations of bacteria among which neclostridial anaerobes were of leading importance responsible for the aggravation of the inflammatory process and course of the postoperative period. The intracholedochal antibacterial therapy with Dioxidin in combination with antibiotics is thought to be expedient.     

Tracheobronchiale Nekrose

Mediastinitis is a bacterial or non-bacterial infection of the mediastinum. Descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is a rare but life-threatening complication. The mostly feared form of mediastinitis very often has a fatal outcome. We report on a patient with tracheobronchial necrosis following DNM and emphasize the paramount importance of early and complex surgical therapy combined with immediate intensive care treatment. This case describes the intensive medicine and anaesthetic management, which was complicated by the tracheobronchial-pleural fistula and in particular by the respiratory therapy.     

Fungal native aortic valve endocarditis. Combined medico-surgical treatment

The fungal etiology of the native aortic endocarditis is a rare situation. Most often the etiologic factors are medical manoeuvres like cardiovascular surgery (cardiac prosthesis), cardiac defibrillators or stimulators, the prolonged use of the intravenous catheters, antibiotics, immunosuppressors, etc. We are presenting the case of a patient with cardiac stimulator, with rare fungal native aortic endocarditis, complicated with cerebral embolization, in which we have chosen a combined therapy: aortic replacement with biologic prosthesis and pre and post operative anti fungal therapy. We are considering that in this case the combined medico-surgical therapy was the right choice.