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1.
Kentaro Takanami Mioko Saito Yasuharu Matsumoto Koichiro Sugimura Kei Takase 《Annals of nuclear medicine》2020,34(4):233-243
The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical implication of the myocardial FDG uptake patterns by comparing with the results of stress myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) as the reference standard. By reviewing the medical records, 86 pairs of stress MPI and FDG PET/CT of 84 patients who underwent stress MPI and oncologic FDG PET/CT in 1 month were included in this study. The patterns of the myocardial FDG uptake were classified into five patterns such as ‘low’, ‘diffuse’, ‘basal ring’, ‘focal high’, and ‘focal defect on diffuse high’. MPI was evaluated using a 5-point scoring model ranging from 0 (normal uptake) to 4 (uptake absent) based on the 17-segment model. The summed stress score of 4 or higher was defined as ‘abnormal MPI’. Factors predictive of abnormal MPI were analyzed using a log-rank multivariate test and p < 0.05 was set as significant. Abnormal MPI was observed in only 16 of 36 (44%) patients with ‘low’ pattern, 10 of 23 (43%) patients with ‘diffuse high’ pattern, and 1 of 9 (11%) patients with ‘basal ring’ pattern, but in 8 of 9 (89%) patients with ‘focal high’ pattern, and 8 of 9 (89%) patients with ‘focal defect on diffuse high’ pattern. The log-rank multivariate test revealed that ‘focal high’ and ‘focal defect on diffuse high’ pattern were correlated with an abnormal MPI. These results indicate that further cardiac work-up might be helpful in the patients with ‘focal high’ pattern or ‘focal defect on diffuse high’ pattern of myocardial FDG at oncologic PET. A prospective study should be needed to further support this conclusion. 相似文献
2.
Stattaus J Maderwald S Baba HA Gerken G Barkhausen J Forsting M Ladd ME 《European radiology》2008,18(12):2865-2873
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of magnetic resonance (MR)-guided biopsy of focal liver
lesions within a short, wide-bore 1.5-T MR system and to determine the duration and accuracy of needle placement using MR
fluoroscopy guidance in 25 patients. Accuracy of needle placement was evaluated in two orthogonal planes, and the out-of-plane
angle of needle deflection was measured. Needle positioning was characterised subjectively as centred, peripheral, or exterior
relative to the lesion. Exterior positioning was corrected by a step-by-step procedure. Surgical resection (n = 6), previous histologies (n = 8), or clinical/radiological follow-up (n = 11) served as the ‘gold standard’. The guidance needle could be placed successfully using MR fluoroscopy in 20 of 25 patients
(80%). Needle placement was rated as ‘centred’ in 11 and as ‘peripheral’ in nine patients. Median needle deflection was 2.6
degrees, with a median deviation of 3.4 mm. In five patients, the direct approach failed or was rated as ‘exterior’; therefore,
repositioning after needle stabilisation with a stainless-steel stylet was necessary. The diagnostic yield of all biopsies
was: sensitivity 95.5%, specificity 100.0% and accuracy 96.0%. In conclusion, MR-guided biopsies in a short, wide-bore MR
system yielded highly reliable biopsy results, and in most cases the direct approach with MR fluoroscopy guidance proved to
be fast and accurate. 相似文献
3.
Burling D Halligan S Altman DG Atkin W Bartram C Fenlon H Laghi A Stoker J Taylor S Frost R Dessey G De Villiers M Florie J Foley S Honeyfield L Iannaccone R Gallo T Kay C Lefere P Lowe A Mangiapane F Marrannes J Neri E Nieddu G Nicholson D O'Hare A Ori S Politi B Poulus M Regge D Renaut L Rudralingham V Signoretta S Vagli P Van der Hulst V Williams-Butt J 《European radiology》2006,16(8):1737-1744
The extent measurement error on CT colonography influences polyp categorisation according to established management guidelines is studied using twenty-eight observers of varying experience to classify polyps seen at CT colonography as either ‘medium’ (maximal diameter 6-9 mm) or ‘large’ (maximal diameter 10 mm or larger). Comparison was then made with the reference diameter obtained in each patient via colonoscopy. The Bland-Altman method was used to assess agreement between observer measurements and colonoscopy, and differences in measurement and categorisation was assessed using Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-squared test statistics respectively. Observer measurements on average underestimated the diameter of polyps when compared to the reference value, by approximately 2–3 mm, irrespective of observer experience. Ninety-five percent limits of agreement were relatively wide for all observer groups, and had sufficient span to encompass different size categories for polyps. There were 167 polyp observations and 135 (81%) were correctly categorised. Of the 32 observations that were miscategorised, 5 (16%) were overestimations and 27 (84%) were underestimations (i.e. large polyps misclassified as medium). Caution should be exercised for polyps whose colonographic diameter is below but close to the 1-cm boundary threshold in order to avoid potential miscategorisation of advanced adenomas. 相似文献
4.
An epidemiological study suggested that the injury mechanism of ‘handball goalie’s elbow’ may be hyperextension. The pathomechanics
of hyperextension combined with supination was studied in ten macroscopically normal, male, cadaveric elbow joint specimens.
The age of the donors was 28.8 years (range 18– 45 years). Extension loading of the elbow was performed in an experimental
three-dimensional (3D)-kinematic loading apparatus. The degree of extension increased by 16.7°± 8.7° after loading. Hyperextension
loads induced significant joint laxity in joint flexion (< 50°) during forced valgus, external and internal rotation, respectively,
but not during forced varus. The hyperextension trauma produced three lesions: (1) anterior capsule rupture, (2) avulsion
of the proximal insertion of both the medial and the lateral collateral ligaments, and (3) occasional single rupture of the
lateral collateral ligament. The lesions indicate that combined hyperextension and supination represent a possible mechanism
leading to ‘handball goalie’s elbow’.
Received: 28 January 1997 Accepted: 27 April 1997 相似文献
5.
van Vliet EP Hermans JJ De Wever W Eijkemans MJ Steyerberg EW Faasse C van Helmond EP de Leeuw AM Sikkenk AC de Vries AR de Vries EH Kuipers EJ Siersema PD 《European radiology》2008,18(11):2475-2484
We aimed to separate the influence of radiologist experience from that of CT quality in the evaluation of CT examinations
of patients with esophageal or gastric cardia cancer. Two radiologists from referral centers (‘expert radiologists’) and six
radiologists from regional non-referral centers (‘non-expert radiologists’) performed 240 evaluations of 72 CT examinations
of patients diagnosed with esophageal or gastric cardia cancer between 1994 and 2003. We used conditional logistic regression
analysis to calculate odds ratios (OR) for the likelihood of a correct diagnosis. Expert radiologists made a correct diagnosis
of the presence or absence of distant metastases according to the gold standard almost three times more frequently (OR 2.9;
95% CI 1.4–6.3) than non-expert radiologists. For the subgroup of CT examinations showing distant metastases, a statistically
significant correlation (OR 3.5; 95% CI 1.4–9.1) was found between CT quality as judged by the radiologists and a correct
diagnosis. Both radiologist experience and quality of the CT examination play a role in the detection of distant metastases
in esophageal or gastric cardia cancer patients. Therefore, we suggest that staging procedures for esophageal and gastric
cardia cancer should preferably be performed in centers with technically advanced equipment and experienced radiologists. 相似文献
6.
Although evidence of sharp-force trauma on the human body, particularly the skeleton, can be extremely useful in providing
information regarding the manner and context of death, there is still a lack of necessary detail available to the investigator.
Using ribs, radii, scapulae, vertebrae and carpal bones, this study demonstrated that distinctions could be made between the
stab marks left by serrated blades and those of non-serrated blades. Low power and scanning electron microscopy were used
to record distinctive ‘T’-shaped stab marks from non-serrated blades and ‘Y’-shaped stab marks from serrated blades. In addition,
elemental evidence of the presence of the blade in the stab-mark kerf was recoverable even when no metal fragment was visible. 相似文献
7.
Kelly A. Meiklejohn James F. Wallman Mark Dowton 《International journal of legal medicine》2011,125(1):27-32
The utility of the forensically important Sarcophagidae (Diptera) for time since death estimates has been severely limited,
as morphological identification is difficult and thermobiological histories are inadequately documented. A molecular identification
method involving the sequencing of a 658-bp ‘barcode’ fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene
from 85 specimens, representing 16 Australian species from varying populations, was evaluated. Nucleotide sequence divergences
were calculated using the Kimura-two-parameter distance model and a neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree generated. All species
were resolved as reciprocally monophyletic, except Sarcophaga dux. Intraspecific and interspecific variation ranged from 0.000% to 1.499% (SE = 0.044%) and 6.658% to 8.983% (SE = 0.653%),
respectively. The COI ‘barcode’ sequence was found to be suitable for the molecular identification of the studied Australian
Sarcophagidae: 96.5% of the examined specimens were assigned to the correct species. Given that the sarcophagid fauna is poorly
described, it is feasible that the few incorrectly assigned specimens represent cryptic species. The results of this research
will be instrumental for implementation of the Australian Sarcophagidae in forensic entomology. 相似文献
8.
Piyamas Kanokwongnuwut K. Paul Kirkbride Adrian Linacre 《Forensic science, medicine, and pathology》2019,15(3):362-368
We report on the visualization of cellular material within lip-prints using Diamond™ dye (DD). The transfer of cellular material via the lips can occur in cases of contact with food or drinking items as well as cases of alleged sexual assault involving oral contact. DD can effectively detect cellular material transferred by touch. Here we investigate if lip-prints can be detected and whether there is consistency within, or variability between, a person’s propensity to shed cells within lip-prints. Ten volunteers were asked to press their lips against a glass slide with medium pressure for 15 s after not eating or drinking for at least 30 min. Both upper and lower lips were observed, and all tests were performed in five replicates, giving in total 900 observed areas. Consistency in the amount of cellular material deposited by lip-prints for each of the 10 individuals was observed, with each individual being associated with a ‘lip shedder’ status between the extremes of heavy and light. The majority of females shed more cells than the majority of males. No correlation was observed between the lip-prints shedder-status compared to deposition of cellular material from a thumb. Further, no correlation was observed between lip morphology and the ‘lip shedder’ status. Visualization of cellular material was not affected by lip-balm but was adversely affected by cosmetics such as lipstick. This technique demonstrates the visualization of deposited cells from parts of the body other than fingers and how cellular material can be visualized allowing targeted collection of DNA. 相似文献
9.
Vicky Goh Bal Sanghera David M. Wellsted Josefin Sundin Steve Halligan 《European radiology》2009,19(6):1358-1365
The aim was to evaluate the feasibility of fractal analysis for assessing the spatial pattern of colorectal tumour perfusion
at dynamic contrast-enhanced CT (perfusion CT). Twenty patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma underwent a 65-s perfusion
CT study from which a perfusion parametric map was generated using validated commercial software. The tumour was identified
by an experienced radiologist, segmented via thresholding and fractal analysis applied using in-house software: fractal dimension,
abundance and lacunarity were assessed for the entire outlined tumour and for selected representative areas within the tumour
of low and high perfusion. Comparison was made with ten patients with normal colons, processed in a similar manner, using
two-way mixed analysis of variance with statistical significance at the 5% level. Fractal values were higher in cancer than
normal colon (p ≤ 0.001): mean (SD) 1.71 (0.07) versus 1.61 (0.07) for fractal dimension and 7.82 (0.62) and 6.89 (0.47) for
fractal abundance. Fractal values were lower in ‘high’ than ‘low’ perfusion areas. Lacunarity curves were shifted to the right
for cancer compared with normal colon. In conclusion, colorectal cancer mapped by perfusion CT demonstrates fractal properties.
Fractal analysis is feasible, potentially providing a quantitative measure of the spatial pattern of tumour perfusion. 相似文献
10.
11.
Benjamin Ondruschka Christina Baier Michael Bernhard Claas Buschmann Jan Dreler Julia Schlote Johann Zwirner Niels Hammer 《Forensic science, medicine, and pathology》2019,15(1):48-55
Iatrogenic consequences of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) include sternal or rib fractures, pulmonary bone marrow embolisms (BME) and fat embolisms (FE). This report aimed to analyze the frequency and intensity of pulmonary BME and FE in fatal cases receiving final CPR efforts with the use of automated chest compression devices (ACCD) or manual chest compressions (mCC). The study cohort (all cardiac causes of death, no ante-mortem fractures) consisted of 15 cases for each group ‘ACCD’, ‘mCC’ and ‘no CPR’. Lung tissue samples were retrieved and stained with hematoxylin eosin (n = 4 each) and Sudan III (n = 2 each). Evaluation was conducted microscopically for any existence of BME or FE, the frequency of BME-positive vessels, vessel size for BME and the graduation according to Falzi for FE. The data were compared statistically using non-parametric analyses. All groups were matched except for CPR duration (ACCD > mCC) but this time interval was linked to the existence of pulmonary BME (p = 0.031). Both entities occur in less than 25% of all cases following unsuccessful CPR. BME was only detectable in CPR cases, but was similar between ACCD and mCC cases for BME frequency (p = 0.666), BME intensity (p = 0.857) and the size of BME-affected pulmonary vessels (p = 0.075). If any, only mild pulmonary FE (grade I) was diagnosed without differences in the CPR method (p = 0.624). There was a significant correlation between existence of BME and FE (p = 0.043). Given the frequency, intensity and size of pulmonary BME and FE following CPR, these conditions may unlikely be considered as causative for death in case of initial survival but can be found in lower frequencies in autopsy histology. 相似文献
12.
N. S. Palhais D. Guntern A. Kagel M. Wettstein E. Mouhsine N. Theumann 《European radiology》2009,19(9):2225-2231
The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of axial traction during acquisition of direct magnetic resonance (MR)
arthrography examination of the knee in terms of joint space width and amount of contrast material between the cartilage surfaces.
Direct knee MR arthrography was performed in 11 patients on a 3-T MR imaging unit using a T1-weighted isotropic gradient echo
sequence in a coronal plane with and without axial traction of 15 kg. Joint space widths were measured at the level of the
medial and the lateral femorotibial joint with and without traction. The amount of contrast material in the medial and lateral
femorotibial joint was assessed independently by two musculoskeletal radiologists in a semiquantitative manner using three
grades (‘absence of surface visualization, ‘partial surface visualization or ‘complete surface visualization’). With traction,
joint space width increased significantly at the lateral femorotibial compartment (mean = 0.55 mm, p = 0.0105) and at the medial femorotibial compartment (mean = 0.4 mm, p = 0.0124). There was a trend towards an increased amount of contrast material in the femorotibial compartment with axial
traction. Direct MR arthrography of the knee with axial traction showed a slight and significant increase of the width of
the femorotibial compartment with a trend towards more contrast material between the articular cartilage surfaces. 相似文献
13.
Andreas Schlotmann John H. Clorius Sandra N. Clorius 《European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging》2009,36(10):1665-1673
Purpose
The recognition of those hydronephrotic kidneys which require therapy to preserve renal function remains difficult. We retrospectively compared the ‘tissue tracer transit’ (TTT) of 99mTc-mercaptoacetyltriglycine (99mTc-MAG3) with ‘response to furosemide stimulation’ (RFS) and with ‘single kidney function < 40%’ (SKF < 40%) to predict functional course and thereby need for surgery. 相似文献14.
Choong Wook Lee Joon Beom Seo Jae-Woo Song Mi-Young Kim Ha Young Lee Yang Shin Park Eun Jin Chae Yu Mi Jang Namkug Kim Bernard Krauss 《European radiology》2011,21(1):54-62
Purpose
To evaluate the sensitivity of computer-aided detection(CAD) and dual-energy software(‘Lung PBV’, ‘Lung Vessels’) for detecting peripheral pulmonary embolism(PE). 相似文献15.
Joseph F. Baker Brian M. Devitt Ray Moran 《Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy》2010,18(1):115-116
The ‘heel hook’ is a type of knee lock used in some forms of martial arts to stress the knee and cause opponent to concede
defeat. While the knee is in a flexed and valgus disposition, an internal rotation force is applied to the tibia. Reports
are lacking on serious knee trauma as a result of this technique. We report the case of a 32-year-old Mixed Martial Arts exponent
who sustained complete anterior cruciate ligament rupture and an medial collateral ligament injury from the use of a ‘heel
hook’. 相似文献
16.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of previously reported neuroimaging signs in establishing or excluding the diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). In a retrospective study, 30 patients with confirmed IIH and 56 controls were evaluated with brain magnetic resonance imaging. All examinations were evaluated in a blinded fashion by three neuroradiologists for the presence or absence of the ‘traditional’ signs of IIH: empty sella turcica, deformation of the pituitary, slit-like ventricles, ‘tight’ subarachnoid spaces, flattening of the posterior globe, protrusion of the optic nerve, enhancement of the optic nerve head, distension of the optic nerve sheath and vertical tortuosity of the optic nerve. Optic nerve protrusion and enhancement, slit-like ventricles and tight cerebrospinal fluid spaces were not significantly associated with IIH (P>0.05). Posterior globe flattening, optic nerve sheath distension, optic nerve tortuosity, pituitary deformity and empty sella turcica were significantly associated with IIH (P<0.05). However, most of these are not helpful in a clinical setting, with the exception of posterior globe flattening. This is the only sign that, if present, strongly suggests the diagnosis of IIH (specificity 100%, 95% CI 93.6% to 100%; sensitivity 43.5%, 95% CI 27.3% to 60.8%; positive likelihood ratio 49.7). The majority of the reported signs for IIH on cross-sectional imaging are not helpful in establishing or excluding the diagnosis of IIH, and are of no value in the clinical setting. Flattening of the posterior aspect of the globe is the only sign that, if present, is suggestive of the diagnosis of IIH. 相似文献
17.
Antonio Pascarella Riccardo Ciatti Fabio Pascarella Carmine Latte Mariano Giuseppe Di Salvatore Luciano Liguori Germano Iannella 《Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy》2010,18(4):509-513
This study describes a modified AMIC technique consisting of perforations according to Pridie, rather than microfractures,
and the covering of the focus of the lesion with a biological collagen patch enriched with bone marrow blood drawn through
the knee itself. This technique allows advantages of both the Pridie technique and the in situ proliferation of mesenchymal
cells beneath a biological collagen membrane, ‘augmented’, with bone marrow blood. The collagen membrane forms the roof of
a ‘biological chamber’, and serves to protect and contains the stem cells as they differentiate into chondrocytes, which will
form a healthy regenerative cartilage. 相似文献
18.
The hidden sentinel node and SPECT/CT in breast cancer patients 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
van der Ploeg IM Olmos RA Kroon BB Rutgers EJ Nieweg OE 《European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging》2009,36(1):6-11
Purpose In a minority of breast cancer patients, lymphoscintigraphy shows no lymphatic drainage and ‘hidden’ sentinel nodes may remain
undiscovered. The purpose of this study was to explore the additional value of the recently introduced hybrid SPECT/CT in
breast cancer patients with axillary non-visualisation on planar images. The role of blue dye and careful palpation of the
axilla was evaluated in patients in whom axillary sentinel nodes remained hidden after SPECT/CT.
Methods Fifteen breast cancer patients with non-visualisation on planar lymphoscintigraphy and 13 women with only extra-axillary sentinel
nodes underwent SPECT/CT following late planar imaging without re-injection of the radiopharmaceutical.
Results SPECT/CT visualised lymphatic drainage in eight of the 15 patients (53%) with non-visualisation on planar imaging, depicted
nine of the 14 harvested sentinel nodes (64%) and three of five tumour-positive sentinel nodes. In two of the 13 patients
(15%) with only extra-axillary sentinel nodes on their planar lymphoscintigram, SPECT/CT showed an axillary sentinel node
that appeared to be uninvolved. Careful exploration of the axilla with the combined use of blue dye, a gamma probe and intra-operative
palpation revealed an axillary sentinel node in the remaining 18 patients. SPECT/CT showed the exact anatomical location of
all visualised sentinel nodes.
Conclusion SPECT/CT discovered ‘hidden’ sentinel nodes in the majority of patients with non-visualisation, but was less valuable in patients
with only extra-axillary lymphatic drainage on the planar images. Exploration of the axilla in patients with persistent non-visualisation
improved the identification of axillary (involved) sentinel nodes. 相似文献
19.
Masanobu Ibaraki Kaoru Sato Tetsuro Mizuta Keishi Kitamura Shuichi Miura Shigeki Sugawara Yuki Shinohara Toshibumi Kinoshita 《Annals of nuclear medicine》2009,23(7):627-638
Objective
A modified version of row-action maximum likelihood algorithm (RAMLA) using a ‘subset-dependent’ relaxation parameter for noise suppression, or dynamic RAMLA (DRAMA), has been proposed. The aim of this study was to assess the capability of DRAMA reconstruction for quantitative 15O brain positron emission tomography (PET). 相似文献20.