全飞秒激光在角膜屈光手术中应用的利与弊

飞秒激光基质透镜切除术(femtosecond lenticule extraction,FLEx)以及微小切口透镜切除术(small incision lenticule extraction,SMILE)是一类新的全飞秒激光角膜屈光矫正方式.该类术式具有较好的安全性、有效性、可操作性和可预测性.然而目前全飞秒激光的应用相对有限,手术技术要求较高,角膜表面质量还不够完美.因此,理性地看待全飞秒激光在屈光手术中的应用,认识其先进性及自身劣势,合理选择患者,扬长避短,对指导临床工作非常重要.     

Small-incision lenticule extraction versus femtosecond lenticule extraction for myopic: a systematic review and Meta-analysis

AIM: To examine differences in efficacy, accuracy, safety, aberrations and corneal biomechanical between Small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond lenticule extraction (FLEx) for myopia. METHODS: Comprehensive studies were conducted on the PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Controlled Trials Register before 31 July, 2015. Meta-analyses were performed on the primary outcomes [loss of ≥2 lines of corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) ≥20/20, spherical equivalent (SE) within ±0.50 diopters (D), final refractive SE], secondary outcomes were high-order aberrations (HOAs) and corneal biomechanical [central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF)]. RESULTS: Seven trials describing a total of 320 eyes with myopia were included in this Meta-analysis. No significant differences were found in the efficacy [UDVA weighted mean difference (WMD) -0.01; 95%CI: -0.04 to 0.01; P=0.37, UDVA ≥20/20, OR 1.49; 95%CI: 0.78 to 2.86; P=0.23], accuracy (SE WMD -0.03; 95%CI: -0.12 to 0.07; P=0.58 , SE within ±0.5 D OR 1.25; 95%CI: 0.34 to 4.65; P=0.74), HOAs (WMD -0.04; 95%CI: -0.09 to 0.01; P=0.14) and CCT WMD 1.83; 95%CI: -7.07 to 10.72; P=0.69, CH WMD -0.01; 95%CI: -0.42 to 0.40; P=0.97, CRF WMD 0.17; 95%CI: -0.33 to 0.67; P=0.50) in the last fellow-up. But for safety, FLEx may achieve fewer CDVA lost two or more two lines (OR 11.11; 95%CI: 1.27 to 96.86; P=0.03) than SMILE, however CDVA (WMD 0.00; 95%CI: -0.03 to 0.02; P=0.77) is similar. CONCLUSION: SMILE and FLEx are comparable in terms of both efficacy, accuracy, aberrations and corneal biomechanical measures in the follow-up,but FLEx seems to be better in safety measures. The results should be interpreted cautiously since relevant evidence is still limited, although it is accumulating. Further large-scale, well-designed randomized controlled trials are urgently needed.     

FLEx与SMILE术后早期干眼指标对比

目的：比较飞秒激光角膜基质透镜取出术（FLEx）与飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术（SMILE）术后早期的干眼情况。方法：前瞻性非随机对照研究。选取2014年2-10月在中山眼科中心海南省眼科医院屈光中心接受全飞秒激光手术的近视散光患者,按患者选择的手术方式不同分为FLEx组28例（56眼）和SMILE组33例（66眼）,分别在术前,术后1 d、1周、1个月进行泪液收集,检测TNF-α和IL-1α表达,同时行眼表疾病指数（OSDI）评分、基础泪液分泌实验Ⅰ（SⅠT）、无创性泪膜破裂时间（NIBUT）、泪河高度（TMH）检测,并于术后1周、1个月进行角膜荧光素染色（FL）检查。采用重复测量方差分析进行数据比较。结果：术后1周,SMILE组的NIBUT比FLEx组长（P=0.029）,FL程度比FLEx组轻（P=0.037）。2组OSDI术后1 d、1周评分均较术前增高（均P<0.001）,而2组间OSDI、SⅠT、TMH差异无统计学意义。FLEx组术后1 d泪液中的IL-1α表达较SMILE组高（P=0.019）,2组术后各时间点泪液中TNF-α表达差异无统计学意义。结论：与FLEx术后患者相比,SMILE术后患者早期干眼程度较轻。     

飞秒激光屈光手术研究进展

飞秒激光以脉冲宽度短、瞬间功率高、重复频率高、单脉冲能量低、热效应小等特点应用于眼科屈光手术领域,成为屈光手术的未来新航向。其基本原理为光致破裂作用,在角膜组织中介导等离子切除,精细而稳定。本文就飞秒激光LASIK手术的参数选择、瓣质量评估、术后角膜创伤愈合与炎症反应以及最新术式FLEx/SMILE的新进展等进行综述。     

飞秒激光小切口透镜切除术矫正近视临床进展

飞秒激光小切口透镜切除术( SMILE)是在角膜基质层进行两次预设深度和弧度的扫描切削制作基质透镜,将透镜前后表面分离后从小切口完整取出的手术技术,其革新了传统的近视矫正手术方式,实现“全飞秒”模式,具有较好的安全性、有效性、预测性和稳定性,应用前景良好,远期效果需更大样本进一步观察.     

微透镜治疗病毒性角膜炎并发角膜穿孔的临床疗效

目的 探讨来源于全飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术（small incision lenticule extraction，SMILE）的微透镜治疗病毒性角膜炎并发穿孔的临床疗效。设计 回顾性病例系列。研究对象 2015年4月至2018年12月南京医科大学眼科医院收治的病毒性角膜炎并发角膜穿孔的患者19例（19眼）。方法 将裂孔清创形成碗状植床，选择中央厚度大于100 μm的透镜，用钻环在显微镜下钻取比创面大1 mm的透镜，10-0尼龙线将透镜固定于植床表面，根据植床深度填塞植片至角膜表面轻微隆起，给予佩戴绷带镜。术后6个月，观察患者最佳矫正视力、裂孔修补及植片贴附情况。主要指标 术后最佳矫正视力、裂孔修补及植片贴附情况。结果 19眼角膜穿孔均成功修补，12眼最佳矫正视力不同程度的提升，其中0.02~0.15者8例，0.2~0.4者4例，在术后随访6个月期间，19眼均未见病毒性角膜炎复发，无其他菌群感染，所有植片均贴附良好。结论 SMILE手术来源的微透镜是治疗病毒性角膜炎并穿孔安全有效的植片选择。     

飞秒激光微切口角膜基质透镜取出术术后并发症分析及处理

目的：分析飞秒激光微切口角膜基质透镜取出术(small incision lenticule extraction, SMILE)术后并发症,探讨其发生的原因、处理对策及对预后的影响。

方法：回顾性分析我院2016-06/2017-05进行的SMILE患者1 127例2 236眼的临床资料,随访时间为6mo。

结果：术后并发症总体发生率为8.05%,包括弥漫性层间角膜炎74眼(3.31%)、视力恢复延迟58眼(2.59%)、角膜层间异物残留14眼(0.63%)、视物重影34眼(1.52%)。1眼存在严重偏中心切削者术后3mo视力尚未恢复,行角膜地形图引导的准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术(laser-assisted subepithelial keratomileusis,LASEK)。所有患者并发症经适当处理后结果良好,术后裸眼视力均达到或超过术前最佳矫正视力。

结论：尽管SMILE存在一定比例术后并发症,但手术总体是安全的。术中注意手术技巧,调整手术参数,术后合理用药可以减少并发症的发生。     

Postoperative efficacy, safety, predictability, and visual quality of implantable collamer lens implantation versus small incision lenticule extraction in myopic eyes: a Meta-analysis

AIM: To compare the postoperative efficacy, safety, predictability, and visual quality of implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation versus small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in myopia eyes. METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and several Chinese databases were searched at May 2021 to select relevant studies in comparison of clinical outcomes between ICL implantation and SMILE for myopia. The primary outcomes were efficacy, safety, and predictability. And the secondary outcomes were postoperative higher-order ocular aberrations (HOAs), modulation transfer function cutoff frequency (MTF), objective scatter index (OSI), contrast sensitivity and a quality of vision (QoV) questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 1036 eyes from 10 studies, of which 503 eyes underwent ICL implantation and 533 eyes underwent SMILE, were enrolled in this Meta-analysis. Pooled results revealed that ICL group had a better safety index and post-corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) (P=0.007, <0.00001, respectively), and a lower percentage of eyes with a postoperative CDVA lost 1 line (P=0.007) than the SMILE group. No significant differences were found in comparison of the other primary outcomes. In the long-term follow-up (>6mo), ICL group had a lower total HOA, coma, and spherical aberration than SMILE group (P=0.003, <0.00001, 0.04). Yet higher trefoil was found in ICL group at 6mo after surgery (P=0.003). Additionally, ICL group also had a higher MTF value (P=0.02), and a higher contrast sensitivity score for spatial frequencies of 1.5, 6, and 12 cpds (P=0.02, 0.005, 0.02, respectively). And it also had a lower score of bothersome in QoV questionnaire than SMILE group (P=0.003). CONCLUSION: ICL implantation and SMILE have similar and comparable outcomes in term of the efficacy and predictability for correcting high myopia. However, ICL group is relatively safer and also has better visual quality in comparison of SMILE group.     

SMILE与FS-LASIK术后眼压和角膜生物力学指标的变化比较

目的：比较飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(small incision lenticule extraction,SMILE)、飞秒辅助LASIK术(FS-LASIK)两种手术方式术后眼压和角膜生物力学指标的变化。

方法：选取我院自愿接受SMILE手术101例202眼和FS-LASIK手术101例202眼近视患者,分别于术前、术后1mo应用眼反应分析仪(ocular response analyzer,ORA)检测角膜补偿眼压(corneal compensated intraocular pressure,IOPcc)、模拟Goldmann眼压(Goldmann correlated IOP value,IOPg)、角膜阻力因子(corneal resistance factor,CRF)、角膜滞后量(corneal hysteresis,CH)。比较术后1mo与术前测量值的差异,两组CRF、CH降低值的差异。

结果：术后1mo SMILE组IOPcc、IOPg分别为13.84±2.22、10.81±2.52mmHg,较术前16.15±2.90、15.95±3.08mmHg显著降低(t=-13.58、-32.91,均P<0.01)。CRF、CH术后测量值7.52±1.41、8.66±1.19mmHg较术前10.72±1.61、10.60±1.43mmHg显著降低(t=-41.21、-24.03,均P<0.01)。CRF、CH分别较术前降低3.19±1.10、1.93±1.14mmHg。FS-LASIK组术后1mo IOPcc、IOPg分别为13.99±2.33、10.10±2.55mmHg,较术前15.88±3.29、14.86±3.34mmHg显著降低(t=-10.09、-23.00,均P<0.01)。CRF、CH术后测量值6.68±1.14、7.90±1.27mmHg较术前9.93±1.85、9.98±1.60mmHg显著降低(t=-24.84、-18.90,均P<0.01)。CRF、CH分别较术前降低3.25±1.86、2.08±1.57mmHg。CRF、CH术后降低值SMILE 组显著小于FS-LASIK组(t=-0.351、-1.081,均P<0.01)。

结论：两种手术方式术后角膜生物力学和眼压测量值均较术前显著降低。CRF、CH术后降低值,SMILE 组显著低于FS-LASIK组。     

SMILE intraoperative complications: incidence and management

AIM: To report the intraoperative complications associated with small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and their management. METHODS: This was a retrospective consecutive interventional clinical study, carried out on patients with myopia and myopic astigmatism, who underwent SMILE procedure. Type of intraoperative complications and their management were recorded. RESULTS: Our study comprised 282 eyes of 141 patients who were enrolled for SMILE surgeries. The intraoperative complications included lost vacuum (18 eyes, 6.38%), treatment decentration (6 eyes, 2.12%), wound bleeding (21 eyes, 7.45%), incomplete bubble separation (black islands) (3 eyes, 1.06%), the epithelial defects (15 eyes, 5.32%). Incision tear (27 eyes, 9.57%), lenticule adherence to the cap (6 eyes, 2.12%), and cap perforation occurred in 2 eyes (0.7%). CONCLUSION: Although SMILE is a promising technique for the correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism with predictable, ef?cient, safe refractive and visual outcomes, complications can occur. However, most of them are related to inexperience and are included in the learning curve of the technique. More studies with a bigger number of eyes are required to efficiently evaluate the intraoperative complications and standardize their management strategies.     

Correlation between corneal demarcation line depth in epithelium-off and trans-epithelium accelerated corneal cross linking and keratoconus progression

AIM: To investigate and compare the visual and refractive outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE), laser assisted sub-epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK), and LASEK combined with corneal collagen crosslinking (LASEK-CXL) surgery in patients with less than 500 μm of central corneal thickness (CCT).METHODS: The retrospective medical records review was conducted on the patients with CCT less than 500 μm treated with SMILE, LASEK, and LASEK-CXL. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), spherical equivalent (SEQ), and corneal haze were followed up in the three groups for 12mo.RESULTS: There was a total of 172 eyes, 76 eyes were in the SMILE group, 53 eyes in the LASEK group, and 43 eyes in the LASEK-CXL group. At 12mo postoperatively, there were no statistically significant differences in UDVA and in the absolute value of SEQ between the three groups. The predictability within ±0.50 D in the SMILE group (85.5%) was significantly higher than in both the LASEK group (64.2 %, P<0.01) and the LASEK-CXL group (69.8 %, P=0.04). The efficacy index and safety index were not significantly different among the three groups. Corneal haze at 12mo postoperatively was higher in the LASEK-CXL group (27.9%) than in the SMILE group (2.6 %, P<0.01) and in the LASEK group (7.5 %, P<0.01).CONCLUSION: In patients with CCT less than 500 μm, SMILE, LASEK, and LASEK-CXL appear to be effective for myopic correction. Among them, SMILE surgery shows the highest predictability.     

Five-year results of refractive outcomes and vision-related quality of life after SMILE for the correction of high myopia

AIM: To evaluate the long-term visual, refractive outcomes and vision-related quality of life after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) for the correction of high myopia. METHODS: Thirty patients (60 eyes) with high myopia who underwent SMILE more than 5y were selected as the SMILE group. Another 30 high myopia patients (60 eyes) who had worn corrective spectacles for more than 5y were selected as the control group. In SMILE group, the postoperative follow-up time were 3, 6mo, 1 and 5y. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), spherical equivalent (SE), and ocular axial length (AL) were analyzed. The Chinese version of the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25 (CHI-NEI-VFQ-25) was used to evaluate the vision-related quality of life in the SMILE group and the control group. RESULTS: In SMILE group, the mean preoperative SE was -7.29±0.87 D (range -6.00 to -9.125 D). At 5-year follow up, the efficacy index and safety index of SMILE were 1.09±0.18 and 1.19±0.12, respectively. Five years postoperatively, 44 eyes (73%) obtained a visual acuity of 20/20 or better. There were no eyes with CDVA loss of one or more Snellen lines. Forty-nine eyes (82%) and 57 eyes (95%) were within ±0.50 and ±1.00 D of attempted correction at 5-year follow-up, respectively. Forty-eight eyes (80%) had astigmatism <0.50 D at 5-year follow-up. The postoperative mean SE values at 3, 6mo, 1, and 5y were 0.11±0.44, 0.07±0.45, -0.02±0.41, and -0.15±0.46 D, respectively. No significant change was observed in the ocular AL from before operation to 5y postoperatively (26.08±0.96 mm vs 26.01±0.94 mm, P=0.068). Compared to the control group, the SMILE group showed a significantly higher total score on the CHI-NEI-VFQ-25 (90.14 vs 81.43, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: In the present study, in a long-term follow-up we demonstrate that correcting high myopia with SMILE is safe, effective, and predictable. Vision-related quality of life after SMILE is better in the SMILE group than in the control group who wore corrective spectacles.     

FLEx治疗中高度近视和近视散光术后视觉质量的研究

目的：飞秒微透镜切除术( femtosecond lenticule extraction, FLEx)治疗中高度近视及近视散光并与标准的准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术( laser in situ keratomileusis,LASIK)比较并随访观察6mo,证实飞秒微透镜切除术提高患者术后视觉质量更有优越性。
　　方法：随机选取行角膜屈光手术的中高度近视及近视散光(球镜度数-3.00~-10.00D,散光度≤-6.0D)患者共86例172眼,分为两组进行研究,86眼使用FLEx ( A组),86眼使用标准的LASIK(B组),跟踪随访6mo,记录术后总高阶像差、球差、裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、客观验光值、裂隙灯检查、术后有无并发症、眼压、角膜地形图。
　　结果：所有患者手术均成功,FLEx术后总高阶像差和球差的增加量较LASIK术少。
　　结论：飞秒微透镜切除术矫正高度近视和近视散光在提高视觉质量方面有明显优越性。     

SMILE术后早期前房形态变化的相关研究

目的:研究近视患者SMILE术后早期前房形态及相关参数的变化。方法:抽取2018-12/2019-01在本院接受飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)的近视患者39例74眼,分为中低度近视组(≤-6.00D)23例44眼、高度近视组(>-6.00D)16例30眼。观察两组患者术前,术后1d,1wk,1mo中央前房深度(ACD)、前房容积(ACV)、前房角(ACA)、角膜中央后表面高度(PCE)及调节幅度(AMP)的变化。结果:中低度近视组术前和术后1d,1wk,1mo ACD分别为:3.18±0.21、3.10±0.21、3.11±0.21、3.12±0.2mm,ACV分别为:201.1±29.3、187.9±27.1、187±26.4、187.7±24.9mm3,AMP分别为:8.4±2.6、6.5±1.6、7±1.7、8.3±1.9D,PCE分别为:2.1±2.1、1±2.2、1.2±2.3、1.1±1.9μm;高度近视组术前和术后1d,1wk,1mo ACD分别为:3.25±0.2、3.18±0.19、3.16±0.19、3.23±0.24mm,ACV分别为:204.1±31、194.5±27、194.5±28.6、196.5±31.7mm3,AMP分别为:8.9±2、6.8±1.9、7.9±1.4、8.9±1.5D,PCE分别为:2.4±2.7、1.4±2.7、1.1±2.8、1.4±2.9μm,ACA分别为:42.4°±3.1°、42.3°±3.6°、42.1°±4.6°、40.7°±4.5°。采用Pearson相关性进行分析,两组患者术后ACD与ACA、ACV均呈正相关性(均P<0.01)。其中中低度近视组ACD与AMP呈正相关性(r=0.301,P<0.01),与PCE呈较弱的正相关性(r=0.161,P<0.05);高度近视组ACD与AMP、PCE则无相关性(r=0.069、0.103,均P>0.05)。结论:屈光度不同患者SMILE术后早期前房形态变化不相同,SMILE术后早期ACD的变化与角膜后表面高度和术后调节力的改变有关。     

飞秒激光小切口微透镜取出术并发症分析

目的:回顾分析本院飞秒激光小切口透镜取出术(small incision lenticule extraction,SMILE)患者临床资料,探讨术中及术后出现的并发症及如何有效预防与处理. 方法:对2015-01/12本院实施的799眼SMILE手术进行统计, 回顾性分析其术中术后出现的各类并发症. 结果:选取患者中798眼均顺利完成手术,术后视力恢复好,仅1眼术中扫描出现严重黑斑,改行飞秒激光LASIK,手术过程中5例5眼(0.6%)患者发生失吸,11例17眼(2.1%)患者发生了不透明气泡层(OBL),术后BCVA无下降.术后的角膜上皮下雾状混浊及弥漫性板层角膜炎(DLK)的发生率低,分别为0.3%和0.4%,未出现其他严重的并发症,角膜愈合良好.仅6例9眼(1.1%)于6mo后复查出现不同程度的屈光回退,其余患者SMILE术后3mo均获得1.0以上UCVA,达到术前BCVA.结论:SMILE手术具有较好的安全性, 预防并及时正确处理各类并发症是术后获得良好视力的关键.     

Effects of operative design during small incision lenticule extraction on surgical outcomes北大核心CSCD

As a relatively new procedure, small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) is still in its initial stage. Despite the fact that it has shown safety, efficacy, predictability, and stability, the clinical outcomes were diversiform among individuals. How to improve visual quality by designing individualized parameters is one of the researching focuses in corneal refractive surgery. This article reviewed the operative design, such as pluse energy, scanning patterns, cap, incision, optical zone and its influences on surgical results. Copyright © 2018 by the Chinese Medical Association.     

SMILE与飞秒激光制瓣LASIK治疗近视的疗效对比

目的:比较VisuMax飞秒激光角膜基质透镜切除术(small incision lenticule extraction,SMILE)与飞秒激光制瓣的准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(femtosecond laser assisted LASIK,FEMTO LASIK)治疗近视的临床效果。方法:该研究纳入的近视及近视散光患者中,42例83眼接受了VisuMax飞秒激光SMILE手术,47例94眼接受了非球面切削的FEMTO LASIK。通过手术前及手术后1d;1wk;1,3mo的检查结果评价两种手术的安全性、有效性、预测性、稳定性及其不良事件。结果:术后3mo,平均安全性指数SMILE组为1.10±0.16,FEMTO LASIK组为1.09±0.16;平均有效性指数两组分别为1.10±0.16,1.08±0.12。术后3mo时等效球镜值在±1.00D范围内者两组分别为82眼(98.8%)和91眼(96.8%);±0.50D范围内者两组分别为73眼(88.0%)和78眼(83.0%)。术后3mo时等效球镜分别为0.11±0.23,0.08±0.25D。两组均无明显并发症。结论:VisuMax飞秒激光角膜基质透镜取出术与飞秒激光制瓣的非球面切削LASIK治疗近视同样安全有效、有很好的可预测性和稳定性。     

Early changes to dry eye and ocular surface after small-incision lenticule extraction for myopia

AIM: To investigate the early changes in dry eye symptoms, tear function and ocular surface following small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) for myopia. METHODS: Ninety-seven consecutive patients (193 eyes) who underwent SMILE for myopia were observed in this longitudinal and retrospective study. Parameters evaluated included: subjective dry eye symptoms (dryness, foreign body sensation and photophobia), tear film breakup time (TBUT), Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠT) without anesthesia, tear meniscus height (TMH) and corneal fluorescein staining. Each parameter was evaluated before, and subsequently at 1d, 1wk, 1 and 3mo after surgery. RESULTS: Compared with preoperative data, dryness was noted to be significantly increased at 1wk and 1mo postoperatively (P<0.01). Symptoms of photophobia and foreign body sensation demonstrated significant differences at 1d and 1wk as compared with preoperative scores respectively (P<0.01). These values were decreased at 1 and 3mo post-surgery (P>0.05). Conversely the corneal staining scores were higher than the preoperative data at 1d, 1wk and 1mo (P<0.01), but were close to the preoperative level at 3mo postoperatively. There was a significant decrease in TMH at 1wk and 1mo (P<0.01), but the value was close to the preoperative level at 3mo postoperatively (P=0.16). The examination outcomes of SⅠT were significantly increased at 1d then reduced at 1wk after surgery (P<0.01). Each value subsequently returned to the baseline value at 1 and 3mo (P>0.05). TBUT was significantly decreased at all postoperative time points (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: SMILE resulted in mild dry eye symptoms, tear film instability and ocular surface damages; however, these complications can recover in a short period of time.     

全飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术研究进展

全飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术（ small incision lenticule extraction ,SMILE）是近年来利用飞秒激光治疗近视的新型微创角膜屈光手术方式。 SMILE具有显著的安全性、有效性、稳定性及可预测性,使角膜屈光手术从此跨入全飞秒时代。随着SMILE的发展与普及,其术后临床疗效逐渐受到关注。而在SMILE的术后屈光度稳定性、术后视觉质量、角膜生物力学特性、对比敏感度、眩光、角膜知觉、干眼、角膜内皮细胞、眼压等方面仍存在一些争议,此文就以上方面做一综述。