Primary pulmonary rhabdomyosarcoma: a case report

We report a case of primary pulmonary rhabdomyosarcoma in a 52-year-old woman. The diagnosis was established after radical right pneumonectomy, mainly based on immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy findings. This type of tumor is rare in adults. Its primary origin is suggested when a pulmonary meta-stasis of rhabdomyosarcoma from another site or a component of a mixed tumor are ruled out. The best treatment is surgery. The prognosis is poor.     

喉多形性横纹肌肉瘤一例

患者男,32岁。因“声嘶2年,加重半年”于2005年11月6日入院。外院行喉镜活检示“恶性肿瘤”。喉镜示左侧披裂可见2cm×2cm大小实性肿物,遮盖左侧梨状窝,表面光滑。CT示喉咽部左后侧壁肿块影,向腔内突出,咽腔左侧变窄（图1）。术中见肿物位于环状软骨板后上方,似有包膜,表面喉黏膜光滑,肿物向下达环状软骨下缘,向对侧已越过中线,向前未达会厌。行全喉切除术加双侧颈部清扫。[第一段]     

Orbital embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma with metastasis in a young dog

A 2-year-old male Welsh corgi dog was brought to an animal hospital because of left upper eyelid enlargement with lachrymal gland protrusion. The lachrymal and orbital cavity mass was removed surgically. Microscopically, the orbital mass consisted of a mixture of large rhabdomyoblastic and small round tumour cells. Immunohistochemically, the rhabdomyoblastic cells expressed desmin and myoglobin and the small round cells expressed desmin, myogenin and MyoD1. A diagnosis of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERS) was made. One month later, multiple masses throughout the body were identified, in particular around the cervical region. One of these lesions was sampled and diagnosed as metastatic ERS. The dog died 84 days after the time of first admission.     

Botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma of mesentery--a case report

Botryoid rhabdodmyosarcomas are described predominantly in hollow visceral organs. We present case of an embryonal (botryoid) rhabdomyosarcoma arising in mesentery of a two year old male child.     

Botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma of prostate--a case report

Botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate is a rare tumour in children, mostly below 6 years of age. A case of 5 year old male child presenting with acute retention of urine due to botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate is described.     

Intraosseous rhabdomyosarcoma of the mandible: a case report

Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma of the head and neck region in children and adolescents. Oral cavity involvement is relatively uncommon, with tongue, soft palate, hard palate, and buccal mucosa being the sites of predilection. This report presents a rare case of intraosseous oral rhabdomyosarcoma arising in the mandibular bone of a 6-year-old child. Clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic features and possible pathogenesis are discussed.     

颌骨区伴有软骨样分化的胚胎性横纹肌肉瘤一例

颌骨区的横纹肌肉瘤(rhabdomyosarcoma,RMS)非常罕见。该例发生于下颌骨的胚胎性RMS,患者女,13岁,下颌骨体右侧部见不规则团块状密度影,局部见膨胀性骨质破坏区,镜下肿瘤主要由幼稚的原始间叶样细胞组成,散在分布横纹肌母细胞,局部见软骨样组织,免疫组织化学染色结蛋白、MyoD1和myogenin阳性。骨的RMS常见于软组织RMS累及或转移到骨,骨原发的RMS很少见,应注意与其他小圆细胞肿瘤、骨肉瘤及去分化软骨肉瘤鉴别。     

回肠转移性骨肉瘤伴局灶横纹肌肉瘤分化一例

患者男,21岁。无明显诱因感上腹部疼痛伴腹胀1个月余,停止排气排便5 d。以“肠梗阻”收入院,腹部CT示肠套叠（回肠-回肠型）并低位小肠梗阻,剖腹探查术中见一隆起型肿物位于回肠内,活动性较差,行肠套叠复位肠切除吻合手术。镜下观察：肿瘤细胞弥漫分布,瘤细胞明显异型,呈梭形、卵圆形,核大深染,部分区域呈条束状排列,核仁明显...     

Fine-needle aspiration cytology of prostatic embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma: a case report

Fine-needle aspiration of the prostate has recently gained popularity as a reliable technique in the evaluation of prostatic nodules for malignancy. The cytologic features of adenocarcinoma have been described, but the features of other more unusual tumors have not been widely publicized. We report a case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate gland with epithelioid cytologic features.     

Adult laryngeal rhabdomyosarcoma: report of a case and literature review

Rhabdomyosarcoma is relatively seen in the pediatric age group with the head and neck region as the commonest site. To the best of our knowledge, few cases of laryngeal involvement in adult have been described in the literature. Biologically, rhabdomyosarcoma is different from squamous cell carcinoma, which is the commonest tumor of the larynx. A previously healthy non-smoker 77-year-old lady presented to the ENT outpatient with a six weeks history of intermittent alteration of voice quality. She had no history of sore throat, or any symptoms suggesting laryngo-pharyngeal reflux. Examination showed asymmetry of the left arytenoid cartilage and aryepiglottic fold. She subsequently had a direct laryngoscopy and biopsy. Histology and immunohistochemistry examination suggested the diagnosis of mesenchymal neoplasm. Following discussion at MDT she subsequently had a total laryngectomy. Histology confirmed a completely excised laryngeal rhabdomyosarcoma. Rhabdomyosarcoma of larynx in adult is a rare disease. Surgical treatment with or without adjuvant radiotherapy is currently the treatment of choice for this disease.     

A case of rhabdomyosarcoma masquerading as acute leukemia at presentation: a case report

Non-hematopoietic malignancies infiltrating bone marrow have always been a source of erroneous diagnosis. Among these, the small round cell tumors like neuroblastomas and rhabdomyosarcomas mimick the hematopoietic blasts. Several case reports of rhabdomyosarcoma mimicking acute leukemia, clinically and morphologically at presentation have been reported in the literature. To the best of our knowledge such an entity has not been reported in Indian literature. We report here one such case of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma masquerading as acute leukemia. A thorough clinical examination with high degree of suspicion on bone marrow morphology and judicious use of appropriate immunohistochemistry markers will solve many of these cases.     

Molecular differential pathology of rhabdomyosarcoma

Tumors of the soft tissues are classified histogenetically according to their phenotypic resemblance to normal adult tissue. Here we describe molecular approaches that make it possible to distinguish between one class of these tumors, rhabdomyosarcoma, and other small-, round-cell tumors. We show that the ascertainment of specific genotypic changes can be used to distinguish further between the embryonal and alveolar subtypes of rhabdomyosarcoma. We tested our model in two ways: first, in a retrospective analysis of diagnostically problematic cases of undifferentiated, small-cell tumors and, second, in a blind study of pediatric tumors. Rhabdomyosarcoma was correctly identified in all cases using this strategy alone. The underlying simplicity of the strategy used to define rhabdomyosarcoma subtypes with molecular markers suggests a model by which tumors can be unequivocally identified, which may apply equally well to other human solid tumors.     

Periorbital angioleiomyosarcoma in dog, case report

A 3-year-old, male, German shepherd dog was presented with a unilateral, progressively enlarging subcutaneous mass around the left eye. A series of diagnostic tests were performed based on the suspicion of neoplasia. Ultrasonography revealed a large hyperechoic structure with a soft tissue density behind the affected eye. No fluid or polymorphonuclear cells were detected on fine needle aspiration, however, lymphocytes and unidentifiable cells that were potentially neoplastic were observed. Exenteration surgery was done, and several samples were obtained for histopathologic examination. Histopathologically, the tumor mass consisted of high cellular interlacing bundle of pleomorphic, plump spindle to round cell that blended into muscular layer of vessels included arteries, veins, capillaries, and thin cleft-like vascular spaces. Tumor cells nuclei were cigar-shaped in well-differentiated areas and pleomorphic oval to round in poorly differentiated areas. Mitotic figures were frequently observed (38 mitoses per 10 high power fields). Immunohistochemical staining revealed strongly positive staining of cytoplasm of tumoral cells for vimentin and alpha smooth muscle actin, and negative for desmin, S100, and myogenin. On the basis histopathological and immunohistochemical finding, diagnosis of periorbital angioleiomyosarcoma was made. Angioleiomyosarcoma has not been reported previously in periorbital tissue in dogs.     

Asymptomatic macrothrombocytopenia in a young pure-bred beagle dog: a case report

During baseline evaluation prior to a preclinical safety study, a 10-month-old male pure-bred Beagle dog was found to have marked thrombocytopenia (6 × 10(3) platelets [PLT]/μL) associated with a mean platelet volume (MPV) of 17.9 fL. Tests for Rickettsia rickettsii, Ehrlichia canis, and Borrelia burgdorferi were negative. Buccal bleeding time was normal. Over 3 months, PLT were 4 to 141 × 10(3) PLT/μL, and MPV was 11.4 to 25.1 fL; however, PLT were <50 × 10(3) PLT/μL and MPV was >16 fL during most of this period. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) and anti-PLT antibody tests were negative. Genotyping for the presence of a beta 1-tubulin mutation demonstrated the normal wild-type gene. Treatment with prednisone resulted in normal values after only 3 days. Ultrastructure of enlarged PLT was consistent with that of immature PLT, characterized by reduced numbers of peripheral microtubules and the presence of rough endoplasmic reticulum, free ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, and a prominent canalicular system. PLT ultrastructure and glucocorticoid responsiveness supported a diagnosis of immune-mediated thrombocytopenia that was masked by the cyclic nature of PLT decreases and lack of clinical signs. Inclusion of such a dog in a preclinical safety study could result in misinterpretation of clinical pathology findings.