Correlation of the Health Sciences Reasoning Test With Student Admission Variables

Objectives. To assess the association between scores on the Health Sciences Reasoning Test (HSRT) and pharmacy student admission variables.Methods. During the student admissions process, cognitive data, including undergraduate grade point average and Pharmacy College Admission Test (PCAT) scores, were collected from matriculating doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) students. Between 2007 and 2009, the HSRT was administered to 329 first-year PharmD students. Correlations between HSRT scores and cognitive data, previous degree, and gender were examined.Results. After controlling for other predictors, 3 variables were significantly associated with HSRT scores: percentile rank on the reading comprehension (p<0.001), verbal (p<0.001), and quantitative (p<0.001) subsections of the PCAT.Conclusions. Scores on the reading comprehension, verbal, and quantitative sections of the PCAT were significantly associated with HSRT scores. Some elements of critical thinking may be measured by these PCAT subsections. However, the HSRT offers information absent in standard cognitive admission criteria.     

颅内动脉瘤显微手术夹闭与介入治疗的对比研究

目的　对比研究颅内动脉瘤两种手术方法直接手术夹闭与介入治疗的优缺点。方法　 2 16例颅内动脉瘤行手术治疗 ,其中 171例行了显微手术动脉瘤夹闭术 ,4 5例行了介入GDC栓塞术 ;对比研究两种手术方法的治疗效果、住院天数、费用等。结果　手术夹闭与介入治疗在治愈率、好转率及死亡率方面无显著差异 (χ2 =0 0 7,0 11,0 97;P均 >0 0 5 ) ,住院天数介入治疗明显少于手术治疗 (t=14 5 7,P <0 0 5 ) ,介入治疗费用明显高于手术治疗 ,两者差异显著 (t=2 6 1 81,P <0 0 1)。结论　显微手术夹闭与介入治疗均是颅内动脉瘤的有效治疗方法 ,两种手术治疗效果相近 ,介入治疗住院时间短但费用较高     

新生儿ABO溶血病相关性研究

目的 研究母婴血型、孕期血型抗体效价、胎儿性别、胎儿血型、羊水性质、脐血胆红素、脐血溶血三项实验与新生儿ABO溶血病的相关性.方法 分析我院568例ABO血型不合孕妇及其分娩的新生儿病例,根据母婴血型、是否发病来分组分析.结果 母婴血型不同组脐血血清胆红素浓度、新生儿ABO溶血病(ABO-HDN)的发生率及新生儿高胆红素血症发生率均显著高于母婴血型相同组;当孕期血型抗体效价≥1/128时,新生儿患ABO-HDN的几率明显增加;A型血的胎儿更易患新生儿溶血病,胎儿性别及羊水性质与新生儿溶血病的发生无明显相关性.结论 孕期血型抗体效价、胎儿血型、脐血胆红素和脐血溶血三项均与新生儿ABO溶血病有密切相关,根据检测结果可提前预防疾病的发生.     

血清CA125、CEA与卵巢癌的相关性分析

目的检测血清中糖类抗原CA125和癌胚抗原（CEA）两种肿瘤标志物的浓度,分析CA125和CEA联合检测在卵巢癌诊断中的临床价值。方法采用全自动化学发光免疫分析法测定23例卵巢癌、37例良性卵巢肿瘤和50例健康体检者外周血清中CA125和CEA的水平,采用t检验进行数据统计分析。结果卵巢癌患者组中CA125和CEA的水平及阳性率分别是（278.43±182.27）U/mL与73.92%、（8.49±8.37）ng/mL与17.4%,明显高于良性卵巢肿瘤组的（23.75±13.59）U/mL与18.92%、（3.43±1.48）ng/mL与0.0%及健康对照组的（12.46±7.65）U/mL与0.0%、（2.21±1.03）ng/mL与0.0%,且差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论血清CA125与卵巢癌的相关性较理想,CEA与卵巢癌的相关性较差;血清CA125是卵巢癌筛查比较可靠、理想的肿瘤标志物,有较好的诊断价值;而CEA在卵巢癌中也有一定的参考价值,但其阳性率较低。因此CA125和CEA联合检测对卵巢癌的诊断无明显临床价值。     

血清胆红素与冠心病的相关性研究

目的研究血清胆红素的水平与冠心病的相关性,为预防、治疗冠心病提供科学依据。方法用奥林巴斯AU1000全自动生化分析仪对216例诊断为冠心病的血清总胆红素(TBIL)和直接胆红素(DBIL)进行检测。并选取216例健康体检者作为健康对照组。将两组检测结果进行对比研究。结果冠心病患者血清胆红素水平低于对照组,具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论血清胆红素是防止冠心病的有效保护因子,低血清胆红素水平是冠心病的危险因素。     

Notation of allergies and body weight on patient profiles

The purpose of this study was to increase the documentation of allergy and body weight information on pharmacy medication profile cards for pediatric patients. The intent was to facilitate pharmacist evaluation of medication dosages ordered for these patients. A plastic allergy/weight imprinting card was supplied to each nursing unit and was used to imprint all admitting physician's order sheets. Allergy and weight information was to be filled in by the physician and/or nurse before routing a copy of these orders to the satellite pharmacy. Inservice education was presented and follow-up phone calls were made. During an 18-day control period, baseline data on documentation of allergies and weight were collected. During an 18-day study period, the allergy/weight card was used and follow-up phone calls were made. During an 18-day post-study period, the card and phone calls were removed. Percent of profiles having allergies and weight were, respectively: control period, 33 percent and 28 percent; study period, 80 percent and 76 percent; post-study period, 47 percent and 46 percent. Imprinting "allergy/weight" with space for filling in this information can result in an increased number of pharmacy patient profiles having these data so that medications can be checked prior to dispensing the first dosages of medication.     

A Robust Bayesian Estimate of the Concordance Correlation Coefficient

A need for assessment of agreement arises in many situations including statistical biomarker qualification or assay or method validation. Concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) is one of the most popular scaled indices reported in evaluation of agreement. Robust methods for CCC estimation currently present an important statistical challenge. Here, we propose a novel Bayesian method of robust estimation of CCC based on multivariate Student’s t-distribution and compare it with its alternatives. Furthermore, we extend the method to practically relevant settings, enabling incorporation of confounding covariates and replications. The superiority of the new approach is demonstrated using simulation as well as real datasets from biomarker application in electroencephalography (EEG). This biomarker is relevant in neuroscience for development of treatments for insomnia.     

类风湿性关节炎患者生命质量及相关因素分析

目的探讨类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者的生命质量及相关因素。方法对符合诊断标准的60例RA患者应用汉密顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、健康状况调查问卷(SF-36)进行心理状态和生命质量评定,并比较不同病程、伴或不伴有焦虑或抑郁患者的生活质量,分析其相关性。结果RA患者SF-36各维度评分均显著低于中国常模(P<0.01),病程>4年的患者的生活质量低于病程少于4年的患者(P<0.05),伴有抑郁或焦虑症状的类风湿关节类患者的躯体疼痛(BP)、总体健康感(GH)、生命活力(VT)、社会功能(SF)、情感职能(RE)、精神健康(MH)6个维度评分显著低于不伴抑郁或焦虑症状的患者(P<0.05)。结论RA患者生活质量低于一般正常人群,病程长,伴有抑郁或焦虑症状患者的生活质量受损更加严重。     

多元线性回归模型变量选择的总偏回归平方和法

提出一个新概念总偏回归平方和(Pt,total partial regression sum of squares),将Pt定义为全部自变量Xi(i=1,2,…,m,m为自变量数目或个数)的偏回归平方和Pi之总和。根据Pi占Pt的比例Ri(Pi/Pt),进行m+1个回归方程计算后,可选择出“较优”自变量组合,从而得到一至数个“较优”多元线性回归模型,以供进一步分析。