Prognostic impact of resection margin involvement after extended (D2/D3) gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer: a 15-year experience at a single institute

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate whether microscopic positive margins are detrimental to the outcome of gastric cancer patients treated with extended (D2/3) gastrectomy. METHODS: Among 2,740 consecutive patients who had undergone extended gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer between January 1987 and December 2002, 49 patients (1.8%) had positive resection margins on final histology. RESULTS: Among 49 patients, 29 (59.2%) had proximal involved margins and 20 (40.8%) had distal involved margins. The median survival time of the positive margin group was 34 months. The negative margin group had a significantly longer median survival time of 69 months (P = 0.025). When both groups of patients were stratified according to nodal stage, a positive resection margin determined a worse prognosis only in patients with node-negative disease (174 months vs. 37 months, P = 0.0001). In patients with nodal metastasis, the median survival time was similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that a positive microscopic margin is associated with a worse outcome in patients with node-negative disease. Therefore, a more aggressive treatment, such as re-operation, is needed in node-negative patients with a positive microscopic disease.     

Risk factors related to operative morbidity in patients undergoing gastrectomy for gastric cancer

Introduction The purpose of this study is to analyze postoperative morbidity and mortality of patients operated on for gastric cancer in a single institution during the last twenty years, and to define risk factors for complications. Material and methods A retrospective study was carried out on 434 patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer between January 1983 and December 2002. Analysis of main medical and surgical complications and analysis of morbidity risk factors. Results Overall morbidity and mortality rates were 38.4% and 2.7% respectively. The most frequent complications were pneumonia (13%) and intra-abdominal abcesses (12%). The main cause of death was anastomotic dehiscence with abdominal sepsis. The last ten years mortality rate dropped from 4.7% to 0.8%. Risk factors for complications were gender (male, p=0.01) and resection of spleen (p=0.02) or pancreas (p=0.002). A significantly lesser rate of complications was found in patients who had underwent gastrectomy during the previous five years (p=0.001) or with tumors located in the lower third of the stomach (p=0.01). Conclusion Morbidity of gastrectomy for gastric cancer in our institution is still high but mortality has decreased significantly over the last ten years due to the specialization of the hospital and the surgical team. The main risk factor for complications was pancreatosplenectomy in the multivariate analysis.     

Early complications following total gastrectomy for gastric cancer

BACKGROUND: The study shows operative results with complications occurring in first 30 days after total gastrectomy for stomach cancer. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed using medical documentation and histological findings for 76 patients after total gastrectomy was done between 1990 and 1997. Mortality and postoperative complications were analyzed. Complications were sorted as specific and nonspecific. All operations were performed either for intestinal gastric cancer located in proximal stomach or for diffuse stomach cancer. All anastomoses were hand sewn. RESULTS: There were 43 male and 33 female patients. Postoperative mortality was 14.4%. The most frequent complications were dehiscence of the oesophago-jejunal anastomosis in 15.8% of operated patients, postoperative temperature without apparent infection in 5.2%, thrombophlebitis in 5.2%, pneumothorax in 3.9%, hepatic necrosis in one patient (1.3%), and perforation of jejunal loop with nasogastric tube in another (1.3%) ended fatally. The average postoperative intra-hospital treatment lasted 12.3 days. Dehiscence of the oesophago-enteric anastomosis, resulted in generalized peritonitis in 66.6%. Six patients succumbed as a consequence, while two survived with subphrenic and interenteric abscesses. Pneumothorax in combination with total gastrectomy was always fatal. CONCLUSIONS: Routine use of stapling surgery, subspecialization in surgery, and better early intensive care monitoring and treatment could reduce the mortality rate.     

腹腔镜胃窦癌根治术13例报告

目的：探讨腹腔镜辅助下胃癌根治术的安全性及可行性。方法：对2007年11月至2008年10月期间完成的13例腹腔镜辅助胃窦癌根治术的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：13例患者全部在腹腔镜下成功完成手术,手术时间平均为206min。所有标本经病理检查切缘均为阴性,平均每个患者清扫淋巴结13．3枚,术后患者排气时间平均为74．6h,患者下床活动时间平均为69．2h,术后人均镇痛次数为0．77次。未出现吻合口漏、腹腔内出血、消化道出血、肺部感染、切口感染或裂开及切口种植等并发症。结论：使用腹腔镜辅以小切口完成胃癌根治手术,患者痛苦小、恢复快、疗效好。     

胃癌根治术后腹内疝9例临床诊治分析

目的:总结胃癌根治术后腹内疝患者的诊疗经验,提高临床医师对该病的认识和理解,减少漏诊和误诊,降低腹内疝患者的死亡率。方法:回顾性分析2018年10月至2022年03月在我院消化微创中心接受手术治疗的9例胃癌根治术后腹内疝患者的临床资料,总结其临床表现、检查方法、治疗方案。结果:其中Petersen疝7例,小肠系膜裂孔疝2例。男性患者6例,女性患者3例,年龄48～76岁,中位年龄65岁,根治性全胃切除术5例,远端胃大部切除术4例。发生腹内疝距原胃癌手术时间间隔为7～630天,平均时间217天。腹部CT提示3例小肠系膜可见“漩涡征”;4例肠管系膜扭曲、纠集。9例患者均手术探查,3例发生肠坏死,缝合各系膜裂孔间隙,术后顺利出院,随访至今未见再发生腹内疝。结论:腹内疝是胃癌术后的一种少见并发症,近些年发病率明显升高,应尽早进行腹部CT检查并积极手术治疗,争取将腹内疝患者的严重并发症降低至最少。     

Surgical results of proximal gastrectomy for early-stage gastric cancer: jejunal interposition and gastric tube reconstruction

Background. The frequency of tumors in the upper one-third of the stomach has been increasing. The standard operation for proximal gastric cancer has been total or proximal gastrectomy. The aim of this study was to present the pathologic and surgical results of 30 patients with early-stage proximal gastric cancer managed by proximal gastrectomy. Methods. A consecutive series of 30 patients who underwent proximal gastrectomy for early-stage proximal gastric cancer was studied. Sixteen patients underwent jejunal interposition, while 14 underwent gastric tube reconstruction, which consisted of a direct anastomosis between the esophagus and the remnant of the tube-like stomach. Results. Twenty patients (67%) had no abdominal symptoms and the lesions were detected by screening gastric fiberscopy. The tumors were mostly located along the lesser curvature (73%), were grossly depressed type (IIc) (70%), and histologically well differentiated type (63%). The depth of wall invasion was the mucosa in 12 patients, submucosa in 15, and muscularis propria in 3; lymph node metastasis was absent in 28 patients (93%). When compared with patients with jejunal interposition, patients with gastric tube reconstruction had a shorter operation time (327 vs 165 min), less blood loss (508 vs 151 g), and shorter hospital stay after operation (31 vs 17 days). Endoscopy and 24-h pH monitoring showed no evidence of reflux esophagitis, except in 1 patient with gastric tube reconstruction, and no patient died of recurrence. Conclusions. Early-stage proximal gastric cancer can be successfully treated by proximal gastrectomy. Since gastric tube reconstruction is a simple, easy, and safe procedure, proximal gastrectomy followed by gastric tube reconstruction is recommended for patients with early-stage proximal gastric cancer. Received for publication on Jan. 5, 1999; accepted on Feb. 10, 1999     

胃癌围手术期营养风险和并发症影响因素分析

目的 胃癌是最常见的消化道恶性肿瘤,围手术期营养风险和并发症发生率较高,本研究旨在分析胃癌患者围手术期营养风险和并发症的影响因素.方法 收集2011-11-01-2014-11-01山东大学附属山东省肿瘤医院胃肠外科876例胃癌手术患者的营养风险、营养支持和围手术期并发症等数据,分析营养风险以及并发症的相关因素,进一步分析营养支持和并发症的关系.结果 (1)有营养风险492例,发生率为56.2％,其中积分3分占27.1％,4～7分占29.1％.单因素分析结果显示,年龄、临床分期、病理鲍曼分型和并发症与营养风险相关;多因素分析显示,年龄＞65岁、病理Ⅲ期和并发症是独立危险因素.(2)有并发症158例,发生率为18.0％.单因素分析显示,年龄、病理分期、鲍曼分型、术中出血量、ASA评分、营养风险和并发症与并发症显著相关;多因素分析显示,年龄＞65岁、病理分期Ⅲ期、营养风险、ASA评分和并发症是独立危险因素.(3)分层分析显示,有风险者营养支持并发症为17.9％,低于无规范营养支持的29.2％,无营养风险者营养支持对并发症无显著性影响.结论 影响胃癌营养风险和并发症的独立危险因素有年龄、病理分期和并发症,营养风险为并发症的独立危险因素,规范的营养支持为营养风险者并发症的保护性因素.     

完全腹腔镜全胃切除治疗家族性胃癌与普通胃癌的预后疗效对比

目的 对比完全腹腔镜全胃切除治疗家族性胃癌与普通胃癌的预后疗效。方法 2012年8月—2014年8月选择在我院进行诊治的普通胃癌患者60例作为对照组,同期选择收治的家族性胃癌患者40例作为观察组,都给予腹腔镜辅助下根治性全胃切除术。结果 两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后排气时间对比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),但观察组的术后住院时间与淋巴结清扫个数明显多于对照组(P＜0.001)。观察组术后发生并发症如腹腔感染、肺部感染、肠梗阻、手术吻合处出血等情况均明显少于对照组(P＜0.001)。术后1个月进行调查,观察组的吞咽困难、疼痛、焦虑、躯体外观和口干等评分明显高于对照组(P＜0.001)。结论 家族性胃癌具有独特的临床病理特点,相对于普通胃癌,完全腹腔镜全胃切除治疗家族性胃癌需要清扫更多的淋巴结,能造成更多的并发症,对于患者生活质量也有一定的影响。     

Minimally invasive gastrectomy for cancer and anastomotic options

In this review article, we explore patient selection criteria for minimally invasive surgery (MIS) gastrectomy, present evidence on the risks and benefits of minimally invasive techniques, describe operative techniques focusing specifically on reconstruction options, and discuss the learning curve associated with these operations.     

Surgical and oncological outcomes of distal gastrectomy compared to total gastrectomy for middle-third gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Distal gastrectomy (DG) and total gastrectomy (TG) are the most common types of radical surgery for patients with middle-third gastric cancer (MTGC). However, the indications and benefits of the two procedures still remain controversial. The present meta-analysis aimed to compare the surgical and oncological outcomes of DG and TG in the treatment of MTGC. A rigorous literature review was performed in the databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Chinese BioMedical Literature to retrieve studies published up to February 2022. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of included studies and a meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. A total of 12 retrospective studies performing comparisons of DG and TG were included in the present meta-analysis. For patients who underwent DG, a lower rate of overall post-operative complications, anastomosis leakage and intro-abdominal infection was determined. No significant difference was observed between DG and TG in the 5-year overall survival when the proximal resection margin ranged from 3 to 5 cm. Although DG was associated with a higher 5-year overall survival rate when compared to TG, there was no significant difference in the stratified analyses by TNM stage. In conclusion, the prognosis of MTGC did not depend on the extent of gastrectomy. With lower complications and acceptable oncological outcomes, DG was a safe and feasible surgical procedure for MTGC when a negative proximal margin was confirmed.     

Comparison of laparoscopic versus open gastrectomy for gastric cancer

BackgroundThis study aimed to compare the short-term and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) and open gastrectomy (OG) for gastric cancer in a tertiary referral center in Hong Kong.MethodsTwo hundred and ninety-four consecutive patients with gastric cancer who underwent radical gastrectomy with curative intent between January 2008 and December 2015 were analyzed. Data was prospectively collected and reviewed. Propensity score matching was applied at a ratio of 1:1 to compare the OG and LG groups.ResultsAfter propensity score matching, operation duration (294.7 vs 231.8min, P < 0.01) was significantly longer while estimated blood loss (191.6 vs 351.0 ml, P = 0.01) was significantly less in LG group compared with OG. There were no significant differences in postoperative complications and mortality between LG and OG groups (postoperative complication rate, 35.2% vs 40.7%, P = 0.69; 90-day mortality rate, 1.9% vs 3.7%, P = 1.00). Three-year OS and 3-yr DFS of patients who underwent LG was not inferior to that of patients who had OG (P = 0.34; P = 0.51). However, there were significantly more peritoneal recurrences among the OG group than LG group (P < 0.01).ConclusionsLG has comparable outcomes for gastric cancer, even in advanced tumors. We could appropriately increase the proportion of laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer.