婆罗门参提取液致突变的实验研究

目的婆罗门参提取液的致突变作用。方法小鼠骨髓细胞微核实验、小鼠睾丸染色体畸变实验、Ames实验。结果婆罗门参提取液对小鼠骨髓细胞微核无明显的升高作用,小鼠睾丸染色体畸变试验各实验组与阴性对照组比较无显著性差异,Ames实验结果为阴性。结论在本次实验条件下,婆罗门参提取液未显示有致突变作用。     

长春西汀的致突变研究

检测长春西汀是否有致突变作用。方法：要用Ａｍｅｓ试验,小鼠微核试验及哺乳动物培养细胞染色体畸变试验观察长春西汀的诱导性。结果：Ａｍｅｓ试验,微核试验及染色体畸变试验结果为阴性,结论：长春西汀在所试条件下未见致突变作用。     

叶绿酸铜钠抗突变作用的实验研究

用小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验和小鼠睾丸染色体畸变试验探讨叶绿酸铜钠的抗突变作用。结果：叶绿酸铜钠能有效地抑制由环磷酰胺诱导的小鼠ＰＣＥ微核的发生;在睾丸染色体畸变试验中,表现为对环磷酰胺诱导的小鼠精母细胞染色体畸变的抑制作用,由此表明,叶绿酸铜钠是一种有效的抗突变物质。     

低纯度熊果酸对小鼠致变性及其拮抗作用的研究

目的研究熊果酸(Ursolic Acid,UA)的致突变作用及其拮抗作用。方法采用小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核实验、小鼠染色体畸变实验、小鼠精子畸形实验和改进的小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核实验、染色体畸变实验、小鼠精子畸形实验,通过检测骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率、染色体畸变率和精子畸形率来研究熊果酸的致突变性和抗突变性。结果熊果酸各致突变实验组(HUA、MUA、LUA)与阳性对照组(环磷酰胺,CP)相比,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),表明熊果酸没有致突变性;熊果酸抗突变实验组(HUA+CP、MUA+CP和LUA+CP)与阳、阴性对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),表明熊果酸可降低环磷酰胺诱发的细胞微核、染色体畸变率和精子畸形率。结论在本试验条件下,熊果酸无致突变作用,具有一定的拮抗作用。     

可注射性胶原生物材料的安全性评价

研究可注射性胶原生物材料的急性毒性和三项致突变性作用.测定小鼠经口、经腹腔注射急性毒性试验LD50＞10000mg/kg.小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验、小鼠睾丸初级精母细胞染色体畸变试验和Ames试验均为阴性.说明可注射性胶原对小鼠急性毒性低,且不具有致突变作用.临床上可试作为组织填充剂,具有较大的安全性和可靠性.     

邓老凉茶对小鼠致突变安全性评价

目的以小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验、小鼠睾丸染色体畸变试验为指标,研究邓老凉茶对哺乳动物的致突变安全性。方法(1)小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验:邓老凉茶设10、5.0和2.5g/kg3个剂量组,另设溶剂对照及环磷酰胺阳性对照组(40mg/kg,ip.),对NIH小鼠连续两次灌胃给药,首次给药后30h检查各组小鼠的股骨骨髓多染红细胞微核发生率。(2)小鼠睾丸染色体畸变试验:邓老凉茶设10、5.0和2.5g/kg3个剂量组以及溶剂对照、环磷酰胺阳性对照组(40mg/kg,ip.),对NIH小鼠连续灌胃给药5d,1次/d,首次给药后13d制备睾丸染色体标本,油镜下观察100个初级精母细胞中期分裂相,检查性染色体单价体、常染色体单价体、链状多价体、环状多价体和染色体结构畸变发生率以及畸变细胞率。结果及结论(1)小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验:邓老凉茶高、中、低剂量组的微核发生率分别为0.3‰、0.5‰和0.2‰,与溶剂对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),阳性对照组微核发生率为10.2‰,高于溶剂对照组(P<0.01);在本实验条件下邓老凉茶没有诱发小鼠骨髓微核的作用。(2)小鼠睾丸染色体畸变试验:邓老凉茶高、中、低剂量组的畸变细胞率分别为4.2%、3.5%和3.7%,与溶剂对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),阳性对照组畸变细胞率为26.6%,高于溶剂对照组(P<0.01);在本实验条件下邓老凉茶没有诱发小鼠初级精母细胞睾丸染色体畸变的作用。     

中药复方藿莲香Ⅰ号的遗传毒理学研究

目的：根据前期藿莲香Ⅰ号药效学研究结果,进一步研究该复方的急性毒性和致突变作用,为其进一步应用的安全性提供理论依据。方法应用急性毒性实验、小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验、小鼠骨髓细胞染色体畸变试验和Ames试验检测该组分配伍复方的急性毒性和致突变性。结果急性经口毒性试验：雌性、雄性小鼠经口MTD均大于10g＆#183;kg-1,属实际无毒。致突变实验：小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验、小鼠骨髓细胞染色体畸变试验和Ames试验结果均为阴性,显示在本实验条件下,该中药复方未见有致突变性作用。结论中药复方藿莲香Ⅰ号未见有明显的急性毒性和致突变作用,表明该药物安全性良好。     

氯甲烷对小鼠骨髓和睾丸细胞致突变作用

氯甲烷(MeCl)对人和动物的中枢神经系统有刺激和麻醉作用,并能损害肝、肾。据报导MeCl有致突变和致癌效应。我们对小鼠骨髓、睾丸细胞染色体畸变及骨髓微核进行了测试,结果如下: 材料和方法     

门冬氨酸钾致突变作用的研究

目的研究门冬氨酸钾的致突变作用。方法应用小鼠微核试验、哺乳动物培养细胞染色体试验 ,观察门冬氨酸钾对细胞的诱变性。结果门冬氨酸钾的小鼠体内微核试验、CHL细胞染色体畸变试验均呈阴性结果 ,门冬氨酸钾无诱变性。结论门冬氨酸钾无致突变作用     

长春西汀的致突变研究

目的 :检测长春西汀是否有致突变作用。方法 :采用Ames试验 ,小鼠微核试验及哺乳动物培养细胞染色体畸变试验观察长春西汀的诱变性。结果 :Ames试验 ,微核试验及染色体畸变试验结果均为阴性。结论 :长春西汀在所试条件下未见致突变作用。     

Comparative mutagenicity of apicidin and apicidin derivatives (SD-0203 and SD-2007), histone deacetylase inhibitors

The fungal metabolite apicidin [cyclo(N-O-methyl-L-tryptophanyl-L-isoleucinyl-D-pipecolinyl-L-2-amino-8-oxodecanoyl)] is known to inhibit histone deacetylase (HDAC). In this study, the genotoxicity of apicidin and its derivatives were tested using three tests: a bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test), an in vitro chromosome aberration (CA) test, and an in vivo micronucleus (MN) test. Apicidin was negative in the Ames test in the presence and absence of the microsomal metabolizing enzyme system. Apicidin induced a significant increase in the total chromosome aberrations in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. In the MN test, apicidin induced mutagenic activity at the highest dose (1000 microM/kg). The apicidin derivatives SD-0203 and SD-2007 did not induce mutagenic activity in the Ames test and no significant mutagenic potency was observed in the CA test. However, these compounds significantly and dose-dependently increased the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) as well as the PCE/(PCE + NCE) ratio in the MN test. These results suggest that apicidin and its derivatives preferentially induce CA and MN but are not effective in the Ames test.     

螺旋藻片对小鼠骨髓细胞染色体致畸变实验

观察螺旋藻片对小鼠骨髓细胞染色体是否有致畸变作用。方法：以4．0,2．0,1．0g·kg^-1BW剂量的螺旋藻片连续给小鼠灌胃3d,取小鼠股骨骨髓,制备小鼠骨髓细胞染色体标本。结果：各剂量组小鼠骨髓细胞染色体畸变率与溶剂对照组比较无显著性差异（P＞0．05）,而阳性对照组与溶剂对照组比较有极显著性差异（P＜0．01）。结论：螺旋藻片各剂量组对小鼠骨髓细胞无染色体畸变作用。     

螺旋藻片对小鼠睾丸染色体致畸变实验研究

目的探讨螺旋藻片的毒性作用。方法以4.0、2.0、1.0g.kg-1BW（体重Body Weight）剂量的螺旋藻片连续给小鼠灌胃5d,取小鼠两侧睾丸,制备小鼠睾丸生殖细胞染色体标本。结果各剂量组小鼠睾丸染色体断片、易位、畸变细胞率、常染色体单价体、性染色体单价体与溶剂对照组比较无显著性差异（P〉0.05）,而阳性对照组断片、畸变细胞率、常染色体单价体、性染色体单价体与溶剂对照组比较有极显著性差异（P〈0.01）。结论螺旋藻片各剂量组对小鼠睾丸生殖细胞无染色体畸变作用。     

碳酸锂抗诱变作用的研究

本研究首次用体外培养人胚纤维母细胞（ＨＥＦ）和活体小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞（ＰＣＥ）两种生物系统，选择四种不同性质的诱变剂（ＵＶ、ＮＨ２ＨＣｌ、ＮａＡｓＯ２、ＣＰ）诱导三种不同效应水平（ＵＤＳ、ＣＡ、ＭＮ）的诱变模型，并采用受试物多种处理方式，从遗传学角度综合评估了碳酸锂的抗诱变作用。结果表明碳酸锂本身未见诱变活性。在多种水平的抗诱变试验终点中，明确显示了诱变抑制作用，可能有使用价值。     

Evaluation of the genotoxicity of (-)-hydroxycitric acid (HCA-SX) isolated from Garcinia cambogia

(-)-Hydroxycitric acid (HCA) is widely used as an ingredient for nutritional supplements aimed at reducing food intake, appetite, and body weight. In this study, the genotoxicity of HCA was evaluated using three tests: a bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test), an in vitro chromosomal aberration (CA) test, and an in vivo micronucleus (MN) test. HCA was negative by the Ames test in the presence or absence of a microsomal metabolizing system. HCA did not induce mutagenic activity in the Ames test, and no significant mutagenic potency was indicated by CA tests. However, HCA significantly and dose-dependently increased the number of MNPCEs (micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes/1000 polychromatic erythrocytes) and PCE/(PCE + NCE) ratios according to the MN test. These results suggest that HCA preferentially induce micronuclei.     

Genotoxicity evaluation of Isaria sinclairii (ISE) extract

The mutagenic potential Isaria sinclairii, a traditional Chinese medicine composed of the fruiting bodies of I. sinclairii and its parasitic host larva, was evaluated using short-term genotoxicity tests, namely, the Ames test, chromosome aberration (CA), and micronuclei (MN) tests. In a Salmonella typhimurium assay, I. sinclairii extract (ISE) did not produce any mutagenic response in the absence or presence of 59 mix with TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537. In the chromosome aberration (CA) test, ISE induced no significant effect on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells compared with control. In the MN test, no significant change in the occurrence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes was observed in male ICR mice intraperitoneally administered ISE at doses of 15, 150, or 1500 mg/kg. These results indicate that ISE has no mutagenic potential in these in vitro and in vivo systems.     

西洋参胶囊对小鼠骨髓细胞染色体和微核的影响

目的通过小鼠骨髓细胞染色体畸变和微核实验,探讨昂立西洋参胶囊对小鼠骨髓细胞的遗传毒性。方法以0.9,1.8,3.6 g.kg 1剂量的昂立西洋参胶囊给小鼠灌胃,取小鼠股骨骨髓制备骨髓细胞标本,分别观察并计算各组小鼠的染色体畸变率和微核率。结果各剂量组小鼠骨髓细胞染色体畸变率和微核率与空白对照组比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05),而阳性对照组环磷酰胺与空白对照组比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论昂立西洋参胶囊各剂量组对小鼠骨髓细胞染色体和微核均无影响。     

桑黄多糖对小鼠骨髓细胞微核和染色体的影响

目的通过小鼠细胞染色体畸变和微核试验,探讨桑黄多糖对小鼠骨髓细胞的遗传毒性。方法试验设3个剂量组为2.5g·kg-1、5.0g·kg-1、10.0g·kg-1BW,经口灌胃进行试验,取小鼠骨髓制备骨髓细胞标本,分别观察并计算各剂量组小鼠的染色体畸变率和微核率。结果桑黄多糖各剂量组小鼠骨髓细胞染色体畸变率和微核率与空白对照均无显著性差异（P〉0.05）,而阳性对照组环磷酰胺与空白对照组比较有显著性差异（P〈0.01）。结论桑黄多糖各剂量组对小鼠骨髓细胞染色体和微核均无影响。     

Cytogenetic Evaluation of the Physiological Saline Extract of a Newly Developed Dental Material "ORMO-48"

The ORMO-48 is a new indigenous material for dental applications, developed by the Dental Products Laboratory of our Institute. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genotoxic effect of an indigenously developed dental material in Swiss albino mice. The genotoxic effect was evaluated by micronucleus and chromosomal aberration tests. Two grams of dental material was extracted in 10.0 ml of physiological saline at 70°C for 24 h. The extract was cooled to room temperature and was used for the experiment. The experimental designed had three groups each (six mice in each group) for micronucleus and chromosomal aberration tests. The first, second, and third groups were given a single exposure of physiological saline alone (control), dental material's extract (test), and cyclophosphamide (positive control) respectively for micronucleus and chromosomal aberration tests. The result of the study indicated that, the percentage of micronucleated PCE (polychromatic erythrocytes) and NCE (normochromatic erythrocytes) induced by the dental material (extract) treated group was well comparable with control group, whereas the positive control induced significantly high (P < 0.001) micronucleated PCE when compared to control. The PCE and NCE ratio of the dental material extract treated group was similar to that of control group. The chromosomal anomalies such as chromatid/chromosomal breaks, centric rings, exchanges, dicentric, and acentric fragments were evaluated. The result showed that the anomalies of the dental material extract treated group were similar to control group, however, significant anomalies were observed in the cyclophosphamide treated group. Hence, the present study concluded that the indigenously developed biocompatible dental material, ORMO-48 is non genotoxic at our laboratory conditions.