Three-year results of small incision lenticule extraction and wavefront-guided femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis for correction of high myopia and myopic astigmatism

AIM: To compare and calculate the 3-year refractive results, higher-order aberrations (HOAs), contrast sensitivity (CS) and dry eye parameters after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and wavefront-guided femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) for correction of high myopia and myopic astigmatism. METHODS: In this prospective, non-randomized comparative study, 78 eyes with spherical equivalent (SE) of -8.11±1.09 diopters (D) received a SMILE surgery, and 65 eyes with SE of -8.05±1.12 D received a wavefront-guided FS-LASIK surgery with the VisuMax femtosecond laser (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany) for flap cutting. Visual acuity, manifest refraction, CS, HOAs, ocular surface disease index (OSDI) and tear break-up time (TBUT) were evaluated during a 3-year follow-up. RESULTS: The difference of uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) postoperatively was achieved at 1mo and at 3mo, whereas the difference of the mean UDVA between two groups at 3y were not statistically significant (t=-1.59, P=0.13). The postoperative change of SE was 0.89 D in the FS-LASIK group (t=5.76, P=0.00), and 0.14 D in the SMILE group (t=0.54, P=0.59) from 1mo to 3y after surgery. At 3-year postoperatively, both HOAs and spherical aberrations in the SMILE group were obviously less than those in the FS-LASIK group (P=0.00), but the coma root mean square (RMS) was higher in the SMILE group (0.59±0.26) than in the FS-LASIK group (0.29±0.14, P=0.00). The mesopic CS values between two groups were not statistically significant at 3y postoperatively. Compared with the FS-LASIK group, lower OSDI scores and longer TBUT values were found in the SMILE group at 1mo and 3mo postoperatively. With regard to safety, no eye lost any line of CDVA in both groups at 3y after surgery. CONCLUSION: Both SMILE and wavefront-guided FS-LASIK procedures provide good visual outcomes. Both procedures are effective and safe, but SMILE surgery achieve more stable long-term refractive outcome and better control of early postoperative dry eye as compared to FS-LASIK.     

SMILE与FS-LASIK治疗高度近视散光患者5年疗效对比

目的 比较飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)与飞秒激光辅助准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(FS-LASIK)治疗高度近视散光患者5年的临床疗效。方法 前瞻性非随机对照研究。根据所接受的手术方式不同患者被分为SMILE组和FS-LASIK组,术后随访5年,对比分析两组患者裸眼远视力(UDVA)、最佳矫正远视力(BCDVA)、等效球镜度(SE)、散光、总高阶像差(HOAs)、球差、彗差、泪液分泌功能、泪膜破裂时间(TBUT)和眼表疾病指数量表(OSDI)评分。采用重复测量资料的方差分析进行统计学分析,采用LSD-t检验进行两两比较,采用独立样本t检验进行组间分析。结果 2组患者相比,术后UDVA、SE、HOAs、球差、彗差、泪液分泌试验、TBUT、OSDI评分差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05),但BCDVA、散光的差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。SMILE组患者术后1个月的SE低于FS-LASIK组,而术后1～5年的SE均高于FS-LASIK组(均为P<0.05)。SMILE组患者术后3～6个月、3～5年的HOAs均较FS-LASIK组更低(均为P<...     

飞秒激光制瓣的LASIK与SMILE术后干眼参数的Meta分析

目的系统评价飞秒激光制瓣的LASIK（FS-LASIK）和飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术（SMILE）治疗近视术后干眼参数的差异。方法Meta分析。检索PubMed、Web of Science、超星Medalink、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM disc）、中国期刊全文数据库（CNKI）、万方数据库,对比较FS-LASIK和SMILE术后干眼参数的文献进行Meta分析。分析内容主要包括术前,术后1周、1个月、3个月及6个月的泪液分泌试验（SIT）、泪膜破裂时间（BUT）、眼表疾病指数（OSDI）。采用RevMan 5．0进行统计分析,计量资料的疗效分析以加权均数差（WMD）及95％CI表示。采用Cochrane风险评价工具进行文献质量评价。结果共有5篇文献符合纳入标准,共317例（477眼）,其中235眼行FS-LASIK,242眼行SMILE。Meta分析结果显示：FS-LASIK和SMILE患者术前SIT（WMD=-0.20,95％CI：-1.16～0.76,P>0.05）、BUT（WMD=-0.10,95％CI：-0.88～0.68,P>0.05）差异无统计学意义;术后1周、1个月、3个月及6个月两者SIT差异均无统计学意义;术后1个月及6个月两者BUT差异有统计学意义（WMD=-0.65,95％CI：-1.10～-0.20,P<0.05;WMD=-1.09,95％CI：-1.77～-0.40,P<0.01）,术后6个月两者OSDI差异有统计学意义（WMD=9.18,95％CI：4.65～13.71,P<0.05）。结论与FS-LASIK相比,SMILE术后干眼症状较轻,对眼表的干扰更小。     

FS-LASIK与去瓣LASEK术后干眼比较

比较飞秒激光辅助的准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（FS-LASIK）和去瓣乙醇辅助的准分子激光角膜上皮瓣下磨镶术（LASEK）术后的干眼状况。方法：前瞻性临床研究。收集2016年8月至2017年 2月在宁波市眼科医院屈光手术中心行FS-LASIK的近视患者（FS-LASIK组）30例（30眼），行去瓣 LASEK的近视患者（LASEK组）30例（30眼）。分别在术前及术后3、6、12个月评估2组患者的眼表疾病指数（OSDI）问卷、泪液分泌试验（SⅠT）、泪膜破裂时间（BUT）及角膜荧光素染色。2组数据采用两因素重复测量方差分析进行检验。结果：2组间各时间点OSDI问卷分数、SⅠT和角膜荧光素染色差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。FS-LASIK组术前及术后3、6个月的BUT与LASEK组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），术后12个月的BUT较LASEK组更长（t=2.81，P=0.01）。与术前相比，FS-LASIK组术后3个月的角膜荧光素染色显著增加（t=3.48，P=0.008），术后6、12个月与术前差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），LASEK组术后各时间点的角膜荧光素染色与术前差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。2组术后各时间点的OSDI问卷分数和SⅠT与术前差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。FS-LASIK组、LASEK组的 BUT在术后3、6个月与术前差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05），在术后12个月均较术前显著延长（t=3.14， P=0.01；t=2.43，P=0.04）。结论：FS-LASIK和去瓣LASEK术后干眼程度都较轻，且2种术式对干眼的影响是相似的。     

口服维生素D3治疗飞秒激光辅助LASIK术后干眼

目的：探讨口服维生素D3对飞秒激光辅助准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（FS-LASIK）后干眼的治疗效 果。方法：前瞻性临床研究。选择2019 年1 ─12 月在柳州市工人医院接受FS-LASIK且术后1 个月有 明显干眼的患者90例（90眼）。所有患者被随机分为2组：研究组45例（45眼）,连续12周服用维生素 D3 2 000 IU/d;对照组45例（45眼）,不口服任何药物。分别在用药前及用药后第1、3、6个月测定患 者的眼表疾病指数（OSDI）、泪液破裂时间（TBUT）、Schirmer Ⅰ试验、泪河高度,血清维生素D3水平 以及对比敏感度情况。采用Kolmogorov-Smirnov、LSD-t检验和独立样本t检验进行统计分析。结果： 服药后1 个月,研究组OSDI评分均值明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（t=4.32,P=0.007）。研究 组的TBUT（t=3.02,P=0.027）和Schirmer Ⅰ试验值（t=2.78,P=0.030）均高于对照组。服药后3个月, 研究组OSDI（t=2.50,P=0.010）、TBUT（t=2.32,P=0.031）和Schirmer Ⅰ试验值（t=3.25,P=0.026）均优于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义。服药后6个月,2组患者OSDI（t=2.31,P=0.025）、TBUT（t=2.30, P=0.039）和Schirmer Ⅰ试验值（t=3.03,P=0.028）差异均具有统计学意义,研究组恢复更好。研究组患者血清维生素D3 水平与OSDI评分呈负相关（r=-0.90,P<0.001）,与Schirmer Ⅰ试验值（r=0.88, P<0.001）、TBUT评分（r=0.89,P<0.001）和TMH（r=0.80,P<0.001）呈正相关。服药后6个月时,研究组患者的明视对比敏感度和暗视对比敏感度均优于对照组（3 cpd：t =2.40,P=0.04;6 cpd： t=2.16, P=0.04;12 cpd：t =2.23,P=0.04;18 cpd：t =2.37,P=0.04）。结论：维生素D3不仅改善了术后干眼症状及泪膜稳定性,而且可以改善FS-LASIK术后的视觉质量。     

飞秒激光制瓣的准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术与全飞秒激光小切口角膜基质内透镜取出术对屈光不正患者眼表的影响

目的 比较飞秒激光制瓣的准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(FS-LASIK)与全飞秒激光小切口角膜基质内透镜取出术(SMILE)对屈光不正患者眼表的影响.方法 选取2018年1月至2019年6月于郑州大学第一附属医院行角膜屈光手术的63例(126眼)屈光不正患者进行观察.根据患者接受的手术方式不同分为两组,FS-LASIK组3...     

FS-LASIK与SMILE术后干眼参数与角膜知觉的比较

比较飞秒激光制瓣准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（FS-LASIK）与飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术（SMILE）术后不同时间点干眼参数与角膜知觉的变化,探讨不同手术方式对泪膜及角膜知觉的影响并分析2项指标之间的相关性。方法：前瞻性非随机对照研究。行FS-LASIK患者24例（48眼）,行SMILE患者21例（41眼）。在术前及术后1、3个月采用Keratograph 5M眼表综合分析仪行泪河高度（TMH）、非入侵性泪膜破裂时间（NIBUT）[包括首次泪膜破裂时间（NIF-BUT）与平均泪膜破裂时间（NIAvg-BUT）]的检查,并进行中央角膜知觉检查。组内手术前后各观察指标的比较采用重复测量方差分析;组间一般资料及各观察指标的比较用独立样本t检验;角膜知觉与干眼参数的相关性采用 Spearman相关分析。结果：2组间术前各干眼参数与中央角膜知觉差异均无统计学意义。FS-LASIK 组与SMILE组TMH在术后1个月和3个月较术前均下降（F=21.213,P<0.001;F=14.648,P<0.001）, SMILE组术后2 个时间点的TMH高于FS-LASIK组（t=-5.549,P<0.001;t=-3.028,P=0.003）。 FS-LASIK组NIF-BUT术后1个月较术前下降（F=4.603,P=0.019）;而SMILE组NIF-BUT在术后2个时间点较术前值虽下降,但差异无统计学意义（F=0.599,P=0.516）;术后1个月SMILE组NIF-BUT优 于FS-LASIK组（t=-3.430,P=0.001）。FS-LASIK组NIAvg-BUT在术后1个月较术前下降（F=3.580, P=0.042）;SMILE组NIAvg-BUT术后2个时间点较术前虽下降,但差异均无统计学意义（F=0.274, P=0.761）;SMILE组NIAvg-BUT 2 个时间点均在术后优于FS-LASIK组（t=-2.395,P=0.019; t=-2.431,P=0.017）。FS-LASIK组中央角膜知觉术后各时间点较术前下降,术后3个月高于术后1个月（F=121.919,P<0.001）;SMILE组中央角膜知觉术后1个月较术前下降（F=54.032,P<0.001）;术后各时间点SMILE组均优于FS-LASIK组（t=-5.367,P<0.001;t=-3.242,P=0.002）。2组术后各时间点中央角膜知觉与干眼参数均呈正相关性（均P<0.05）。结论：FS-LASIK和SMILE组的干眼参数与中央角膜知觉均会出现不同程度的下降,患者行SMILE术后干眼参数与中央角膜知觉优于行FS-LASIK 者,且中央角膜知觉与干眼参数均呈正相关性。     

2.0mm小切口飞秒激光角膜基质透镜取出术与飞秒激光辅助的LASIK矫正近视的疗效比较

目的　比较２．０ｍｍ微切口飞秒激光角膜基质透镜取出术（２．０ｍｍｓｍａｌｌｉｎｃｉｓｉｏｎｌｅｎｔｉｃｕｌｅｅｘｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎ,２．０ｍｍＳＭＩＬＥ）与飞秒激光辅助的ＬＡＳＩＫ（ｌａｓｅｒｉｎｓｉｔｕｋｅｒａｔｏｍｉｌｅｕｓｉｓｗｉｔｈｆｅｍｔｏｓｅｃｏｎｄｌａｓｅｒ,ＦＳ-ＬＡＳＩＫ）矫正近视的疗效。方法　研究纳入行２．０ｍｍＳＭＩＬＥ的近视患者４８例（９６眼）,同期行ＦＳ-ＬＡＳＫ者５０例（１００眼）,记录并比较两组术前及术后１ｄ、１周、１个月、３个月及６个月的裸眼视力（ｕｎｃｏｒｒｅｃｔｅｄｖｉｓｕａｌａｃｕｉｔｙ,ＵＣＶＡ）、最佳矫正视力（ｂｅｓｔｃｏｒｒｅｃｔｅｄｖｉｓｕａｌａｃｕｉｔｙ,ＢＣＶＡ）、屈光度、生活质量量表（ｑｕａｌｉｔｙｏｆｌｉｆｅ,ＱＯＬ）得分及手术满意度量表评分。结果　在术后１周以后ＳＭＩＬＥ组视力高于ＦＳ-ＬＡＳＩＫ组,且状态较ＦＳ-ＬＡＳＩＫ组更为稳定。术后１个月、３个月、６个月ＳＭＩＬＥ组ＵＣＶＡ≥术前ＢＣＶＡ的比例高于ＦＳ-ＬＡＳＩＫ组,差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。术后早期（术后１周）ＳＭＩＬＥ组存在１例过矫,而ＦＳ-ＬＡＳＩＫ组存在１例欠矫,但在术后１个月、３个月、６个月两组手术患者均在±１．００Ｄ范围内。术后平均角膜前表面形态变异指数及垂直不对称指数在各时间点均为ＦＳ-ＬＡＳＩＫ组大于ＳＭＩＬＥ组,差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。两组术前及术后６个月ＱＯＬ得分组间比较,差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）,术后６个月ＱＯＬ得分均较术前有所增加,且差异均有统计学意义（ＳＭＩＬＥ:ｔ＝－１３．８５,Ｐ＝０．００;ＦＳ-ＬＡＳＩＫ:ｔ＝－１３．２１,Ｐ＝０．００）,而两组术后６个月ＱＯＬ得分比较,差异无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。两组均有较高的再次手术选择率及手术推荐率,并且未发生严重的并发症。结论　２．０ｍｍＳＭＩＬＥ与ＦＳ-ＬＡＳＩＫ均具有良好的有效性、稳定性以及可预测性,术后都可获得良好的视力及良好的生活质量,前者更好地保持了角膜前表面的形态。     

飞秒激光小切口基质透镜取出术和飞秒制瓣联合准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术术后有效光学区及角膜像差的比较

目的:比较不同预设光学区组的飞秒激光小切口基质透镜取出术(small incision lenticule extraction,SMILE)和飞秒激光制瓣联合准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileuses,FS-LASIK)术后有效光学区(...     

FLEx与SMILE术后早期干眼指标对比

目的：比较飞秒激光角膜基质透镜取出术（FLEx）与飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术（SMILE）术后早期的干眼情况。方法：前瞻性非随机对照研究。选取2014年2-10月在中山眼科中心海南省眼科医院屈光中心接受全飞秒激光手术的近视散光患者,按患者选择的手术方式不同分为FLEx组28例（56眼）和SMILE组33例（66眼）,分别在术前,术后1 d、1周、1个月进行泪液收集,检测TNF-α和IL-1α表达,同时行眼表疾病指数（OSDI）评分、基础泪液分泌实验Ⅰ（SⅠT）、无创性泪膜破裂时间（NIBUT）、泪河高度（TMH）检测,并于术后1周、1个月进行角膜荧光素染色（FL）检查。采用重复测量方差分析进行数据比较。结果：术后1周,SMILE组的NIBUT比FLEx组长（P=0.029）,FL程度比FLEx组轻（P=0.037）。2组OSDI术后1 d、1周评分均较术前增高（均P<0.001）,而2组间OSDI、SⅠT、TMH差异无统计学意义。FLEx组术后1 d泪液中的IL-1α表达较SMILE组高（P=0.019）,2组术后各时间点泪液中TNF-α表达差异无统计学意义。结论：与FLEx术后患者相比,SMILE术后患者早期干眼程度较轻。     

SMILE、飞秒激光制瓣LASIK及去瓣机械法LASIK术后干眼参数的比较

目的 比较SMILE、飞秒激光制瓣LASIK(FS-LAISK)以及机械法去瓣LASIK(Epi-LASIK)手术前后不同时间点干眼参数的变化情况,探讨不同手术方式对泪膜的影响.方法 前瞻性病例对照研究.行SMILE者(SMILE组)33例(66眼),行FS-LAISK者(FS-LAISK组)24例(48眼),行Epi-LASIK者(Epi-LASIK组)31例(61眼).分别在术前、术后1周、1个月、3个月、6个月采用眼前节OCT测量患者的泪河高度(TMH)、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、基础泪液分泌量(SIT).不同组别一般资料及干眼参数的比较采用单因素方差分析,同一组内手术前后的比较采用重复测量方差分析.结果 SMILE组术后各时间点TMH与术前相比,差异均无统计学意义(F=1.225,P＞0.05);FS-LASIK组TMH在术后1个月内较术前降低,差异有统计学意义,并于术后3个月逐渐恢复(F=3.806,P＜0.05);Epi-LASIK组TMH在术后3个月内较术前下降,差异有统计学意义,直至术后6个月恢复术前水平(F=4.564,P＜0.05).术后各时间点,3组间TMH差异均有统计学意义(F=4.749、8.173、3.850、2.830,P＜0.05).SMILE组和FS-LASIK组BUT在术后3个月内,与术前相比差异有统计学意义,并在术后6个月恢复至术前水平(F=2.860、3.590,P＜0.05).Epi-LASIK组术后各时间点的BUT较术前降低,差异有统计学意义(F=12.800,P＜0.01).3组间BUT在术前、术后1周及术后1个月差异均无统计学意义(F=0.966、0.115、0.991,P＞0.05),而术后3、6个月,3组间BUT差异有统计学意义(F=4.448、6.634,P＜0.05).SMILE组和FS-LASIK组SIT在术后1周、1个月均较术前降低,且差异有统计学意义,并于术后3个月恢复至术前水平(F=14.160、13.323,P＜0.01);EPi-LASIK直至术后6个月才恢复至术前水平(F=10.085,P＜0.01).除术后3个月外(F=10.021,P＜0.01),术后其余时间点3组间SIT差异无统计学意义(F=0.005、2.210、1.054,P＞0.05).结论 3种屈光手术后早期均会出现不同程度的干眼参数改变.SMILE术后干眼参数最佳,恢复最快.     

Clinical outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction versus femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK for myopia: a Meta-analysis

AIM: To evaluate the possible differences in visual quality between small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) for myopia. METHODS: A Meta-analysis was performed. Patients were from previously reported comparative studies treated with SMILE versus FS-LASIK. The PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science and Chinese databases (i.e. WANFANG and CNKI) were searched in Nov. of 2016 using RevMan 5.1 version software. The differences in visual acuity, aberration and biomechanical effects within six months postoperatively were showed. Twenty-seven studies including 4223 eyes were included. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed between SMILE and FS-LASIK in terms of the proportion of eyes that lost one or more lines of corrected distance visual acuity after surgery (P=0.14), the proportion of eyes achieving an uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/20 or better (P=0.43), the final refractive spherical equivalent (P=0.89), the refractive spherical equivalent within ±1.00 diopter of the target values (P=0.80), vertical coma (P=0.45) and horizontal coma (P=0.06). Compared with the FS-LASIK group, total higher-order aberration (P<0.001) and spherical aberration (P<0.001) were higher and the decrease in corneal hysteresis (P=0.0005) and corneal resistance factor (P=0.02) were lower in the SMILE group. CONCLUSION: SMILE and FS-LASIK are comparable in efficacy, safety and predictability for correcting myopia. However, the aberration in the SMILE group is superior to that in the FS-LASIK group, and the loss of biomechanical effects may occur less frequently after SMILE than after FS-LASIK.     

高度近视行SMILE与FS-LASIK术后视觉质量比较

目的比较飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术（SMILE）和飞秒激光制瓣的准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（FS-LASIK）矫正高度近视术后的视觉质量。方法前瞻性非随机对照研究。收集四川大学华西医院眼科中心行近视矫正术的高度近视患者,按照其手术方式分为SMILE组21例（41眼）和FS-LASIK组19例（38眼）。常规检查裸眼视力（UCVA）、最佳矫正视力（BCVA）、屈光度、眼压、对比敏感度（CS）、角膜高阶像差和屈光矫正对生活质量的影响问卷（QIRC）评分,于术后1 d、1周、1个月、3个月和6个月随访复查。采用独立样本t检验或Mann-Whitney U检验进行统计学分析。结果FS-LASIK组和SMILE组的安全指数分别为1.00±0.23和1.00±0.12。术前SMILE组12.0 cpd的LogCS值高于FS-LASIK组（t=2.137,P=0.035）,SMILE组3.0 cpd的LogCS值术后6个月与术前变化量高于FS-LASIK组（t=2.843,P=0.008）,其余频率差异均无统计学意义。FS-LASIK组的总高阶像差、三阶彗差和四阶球差术后6个月与术前的变化量高于SMILE组,差异有统计学意义（t=-7.587,P＜0.001;t=-4.127,P＜0.001;t=10.068,P＜0.001）。2组之间术后3、6个月2个时间点QIRC量表评分与术前的变化量比较,差异无统计学意义。结论SMILE和FS-LASIK均能安全地矫正高度近视。SMILE术后低频空间频率对比敏感度恢复情况优于FS-LASIK。SMILE与FS-LASIK均使角膜的高阶像差增加,后者引入了更多的彗差和球差。     

[In Press] Clinical outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction versus femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK for myopia: a Meta-analysis

AIM: To evaluate the possible differences in visual quality between small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK (FS-LASIK) for myopia. METHODS: A Meta-analysis was performed. Patients were from previously reported comparative studies treated with SMILE versus FS-LASIK. The PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science and Chinese databases (i.e. WANFANG and CNKI) were searched in Nov. of 2016 using RevMan 5.1 version software. The differences in visual acuity, aberration and biomechanical effects within six months postoperatively were showed. Twenty-seven studies including 4223 eyes were included. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed between SMILE and FS-LASIK in terms of the proportion of eyes that lost one or more lines of corrected distance visual acuity after surgery (P=0.14), the proportion of eyes achieving an uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/20 or better (P=0.43), the final refractive spherical equivalent (P=0.89), the refractive spherical equivalent within ±1.00 diopter of the target values (P=0.80), vertical coma (P=0.45) and horizontal coma (P=0.06). Compared with the FS-LASIK group, total higher-order aberration (tHOA) (P<0.001) and spherical aberration (P<0.001) were higher and the decrease in corneal hysteresis (CH) (P=0.0005) and corneal resistance factor (CRF) (P=0.02) were lower in the SMILE group. CONCLUSION: SMILE and FS-LASIK are comparable in efficacy, safety and predictability for correcting myopia. However, the aberration in the SMILE group is superior to that in the FS-LASIK group, and the loss of biomechanical effects may occur less frequently after SMILE than after FS-LASIK.     

高度近视SMILE、FS-LASIK及LASEK 术后角膜后表面高度变化的比较

目的：对比和分析飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术（SMILE）、飞秒激光制瓣准分子激光原位角 膜磨镶术（FS-LASIK）和准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术（LASEK）矫正高度近视术后角膜后表面高 度（PCE）的变化。方法：回顾性病例对照研究。纳入2017年1月至2019年12月就诊于山东第一医科 大学附属眼科医院的高度近视患者共144例（144眼）,分为3组,每组各48例（48眼）,分别行SMILE、 FS-LASIK及LASEK。采用Pentacam三维眼前节分析系统分析术前及术后1、3、6个月角膜顶点PCE 及2 mm、4 mm直径平均PCE。角膜后表面高度变化量（△PCE）为术后PCE与术前PCE差值。采用 重复测量方差分析对组内及3组间PCE和△PCE进行比较。术后6个月采用Pearson相关分析对3组 △PCE与中央角膜厚度（CCT）、透镜厚度/切削深度（LT/AD）及剩余基质床厚度（RBT）进行分析。 结果：3组PCE仅在角膜4 mm直径处差异有统计学意义（F=7.79,P<0.001）,术后6个月,SMILE及 FS-LASIK组PCE小于LASEK组（F=9.75,P<0.001）。3组△PCE在角膜各区域均差异无统计学意义。 LASEK组角膜中央后表面术后1个月较术前轻微后移（P=0.001）,至术后6个月时回弹至术前高度。 SMILE组及LASEK组术后1个月4 mm直径角膜后表面较术前均有轻微前移（P<0.05）,至术后6个月 维持稳定。FS-LASIK组PCE在角膜各区域及手术前后各时间点差异均无统计学意义。FS-LASIK组2 mm环及4 mm环△PCE与AD呈轻度正相关（r=0.31,P=0.029;r=0.30,P=0.039）,其余参数间均无相 关性。结论：SMILE、FS-LASIK及LASEK矫正高度近视后,角膜后表面高度变化无差异;3种方式 矫正高度近视后角膜后表面高度均有较好的稳定性。     

矢量分析法比较SMILE与波前像差引导的FS-LASIK矫正中高度散光的临床效果

目的　应用矢量分析法比较角膜标记的飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术（SMILE）、未角膜标记的SMILE以及波前像差引导的飞秒激光制瓣准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（FS-LASIK）矫正中高度散光的临床效果。方法　采用前瞻性非随机对照研究。选择2018年12月至2019年10月于我院近视激光治疗中心行SMILE及波前像差引导的FS-LASIK的中高度近视散光患者（球镜≥-1．0 D、柱镜≥-1．5 D）41例（82眼）,按照手术方式分为3组:角膜标记的SMILE组17例（34眼）、未角膜标记的SMILE组12例（24眼）和波前像差引导的FS-LASIK组12例（24眼）。三组患者术前及术后3个月均行裸眼视力（UCVA）、最佳矫正视力、屈光度、眼压、裂隙灯显微镜等检查;利用Alpins矢量分析方法计算目标矫正散光量（TIA）、手术矫正散光量（SIA）、差异矢量、矫正指数、成功指数、误差角度(AofE)、变平指数等指标。结果　角膜标记的SMILE组术后UCVA、等效球镜度、残余散光度分别为(-0．040±0．020）logMAR、(-0．02±0．51）D、（-0．06±0．35）D,未角膜标记的SMILE组分别为(-0．062±0．043）logMAR、(-0．07±0．38）D、（-0．07±0．44）D,波前像差引导的FS-LASIK组分别为（-0．054±0.038）logMAR、(-0．06±0．48）D、（-0．25±0．56）D,三组间两两对比差异均无统计学意义（均为P>0．05）。角膜标记的SMILE组、未角膜标记的SMILE组、波前像差引导的FS-LASIK组误差角度绝对值（｜AofE｜）分别为1．39±3．03、2．24±4．13、-1．81±4．88,未角膜标记的SMILE组大于角膜标记的SMILE组、波前像差引导的FS-LASIK组,差异均有统计学意义（均为P<0．05）;角膜标记的SMILE组与波前像差引导的FS-LASIK组差异无统计学意义（P>0．05）。术后3个月矫正指数、成功指数、变平指数三组之间两两对比差异均无统计学意义（均为P>0.05）。三组中各组的｜SIA｜与｜TIA｜均呈正相关（均为P<0．001）,术后3个月三组的成功指数与｜AofE｜、差异矢量与｜AofE｜均存在明显正相关（均为P<0．05）。结论　角膜标记及未角膜标记的SMILE和波前像差引导的FS-LASIK矫正中高度散光均具有安全性、有效性。角膜标记的SMILE和波前像差引导的FS-LASIK比未角膜标记的SMILE在控制散光轴向误差方面的准确性更好,可提高散光的矫正效果。     

Dry eye after LASIK for myopia: Incidence and risk factors

PURPOSE: Patients frequently experience dry eye symptoms after laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors of dry eye after myopic LASIK. METHODS: In this retrospective case series 190 eyes that underwent LASIK were examined for a dry eye syndrome. All patents were asymptomatic for dry eyes before surgery. Assessments included subjective complaints of dry eye, tear break-up time (TBUT), corneal staining, corneal sensitivity test, and Schirmer I test. All values were compared before and at 1 week and 1.3 and 6 months after surgery. RESULTS: For the 190 eyes, chronic dry eye persisting 6 months or more after LASIK was diagnosed in 20 percent of the eyes. Mean patient age was 31 +/- 8 years. The risk for chronic dry eye was significantly associated with higher attempted refractive correction, greater ablation depth, and female sex (p=0.001). Subjective score for dryness was increased after LASIK. The greatest change from preoperative levels for all parameters was noted at 1 week. There were obvious decreases in TBUT and Schirmer value at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively relative to preoperative level (p<0.05). The Schirmer I test result was higher at 1 day but without statistical significance (p>0.05), but lower at 1 week and 3 and 6 months (p<0.05) after LASIK. Corneal sensitivity was decreased at 1 month and 3 months, and returned to the preoperative level at 6 months after LASIK. There was a statistically significant effect of age, sex, and mean spherical equivalent refraction on corneal sensitivity (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Patients undergoing LASIK for myopia develop dry eye with compromised tear function at least 6 months after surgery. Women and patients requiring higher refractive correction have an increased risk for developing dry eye.     

SMILE与FS-LASIK矫正近视术后优势与不足的研究

目前,飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(small incision lenticule extraction,SMILE)和飞秒激光辅助的准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(femtosecond assisted laser in situ keratomileusis,FS-LASIK)是治疗近视和近视散光的主流手术方式。FS-LASIK具有良好的安全性、有效性、稳定性和可预测性,受到近视患者和角膜屈光手术医师的广泛青睐。随着飞秒激光的发展,新型微创角膜屈光手术——SMILE术以其无瓣、微创、小切口、全飞秒等特点,使角膜屈光手术跨入全飞秒时代,成为最主要的屈光手术方式之一。而SMILE与FS-LASIK术在矫正近视和近视散光术后的视力、屈光状态、角膜高阶像差、对比敏感度、干眼、角膜生物力学特性、并发症等方面仍存在一些争议,本文就以上内容对SMILE与FS-LASIK术矫正近视和近视散光术后的优势与不足作一综述。     

小切口角膜基质透镜取出术与飞秒激光辅助准分子原位角膜磨镶术对角膜生物力学特性影响的对比分析

目的　比较小切口角膜基质透镜取出术（small-incision lenticule extraction,SMILE）与飞秒激光辅助准分子原位角膜磨镶术（femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis,FS-LASIK）治疗近视对患者角膜生物力学特性的影响。方法　选取在我院行SMILE和FS-LASIK手术的近视患者共67例134眼。根据手术方式及等效球镜度数（spherical equivalent,SE）的不同将患者分为4组:中度近视SMILE组15例30眼和中度近视FS-LASIK组16例32眼（-3.00 D≤SE＜-6.00 D）;高度近视SMILE组18例36眼和高度近视FS-LASIK组18例36眼（6.00 D≤SE＜-9.00 D）。分别于术前及术后3 d 、10 d、1个月、3个月使用眼反应分析仪ORA测量4组患者角膜滞后量（corneal hysteresis,CH）和角膜阻力因子（corneal resistance factor,CRF）。计算4组患者术后各时间点的CH和CRF改变量,并分别比较中度近视SMILE组和中度近视FS-LASIK组、高度近视SMILE组和高度近视FS-LASIK组CH和CRF改变量的差异。结果　中度近视SMILE组患者△CH在术后3 d（P=0.030）和术后3个月（P=0.030）时均小于中度近视FS-LASIK组。中度近视SMILE组患者△CRF在术后3 d（P=0.000）、10 d（P=0.008）、1个月（P=0.011）、3个月（P=0.001）时均小于中度近视FS-LASIK组。高度近视SMILE组△CH和△CRF在术后3 d、10 d、1个月、3个月时均小于高度近视FS-LASIK组（均为P=0.000）。结论　SMILE与FS-LASIK手术都会引起角膜生物力学稳定性的降低,但SMILE对角膜生物力学变化的影响更小。     

Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of therapeutic bandage contact lenses on post-cataract surgery patients

AIM: To evaluate the safety of therapeutic bandage contact lens for post-cataract surgery patients and to illustrate its efficacy on post-operative comfort and tear-film stability. METHODS: A total of 40 participants were recruited and randomly divided into two groups. Group one was instructed to wear bandage contact lenses for a week and use antibiotic eye drops for a month since the first day after surgery. Group two received sub-conjunctival injection of tobramycin and was asked to wear eye pads on the first day after surgery and then were instructed to use antibiotic eye drops as the first group did. Ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire, slit-lamp microscope examination of tear break-up time (TBUT), corneal fluorescein score (CFS), tear meniscus height (TMH) together with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and corneal topography were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively. RESULTS: The subjective feeling (P=0.004), TBUT (P<0.001) and TMH (P=0.02) post-surgery had improved in patients who used bandage contact lenses compared with those who did not at 1wk post-surgery. Until three month postoperatively, the comfort degree (P=0.004) and TMH (P=0.01) of group two were still worse than group one. Moreover, TBUT (P<0.001) and CFS (P=0.004) of the group with eye pads got worse than the results before, whereas the group with bandage contact lenses recovered to normal. None of these patients had infections or other complications. CONCLUSION: Wearing therapeutic bandage contact lens after cataract surgery, compared with traditional eye-pads, is a safe method to improve tear-film stability and reduce post-operative discomfort without hindering corneal incision recovery.