针刺百会、大椎对老年性痴呆大鼠认知行为及脑内乙酰胆碱酯酶的影响

目的探讨针刺百会、大椎对AD大鼠认知行为及脑内乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）含量的影响。方法选用纯系健康雄性Wistar大鼠52只,随机分为假手术组、模型组、针刺组和西药组。采用β-淀粉样蛋白向海马CA1区定向注射制作AD模型。针刺组选用“百会”、“大椎”穴进行治疗。治疗前后检测各组大鼠的穿梭箱实验成绩和脑组织内AChE的含量。结果针刺模型大鼠的“百会”、“大椎”穴可以明显减少AD大鼠在穿梭箱实验中的电击次数和电击时间（P〈0.05）,非常显著降低脑组织内AChE含量（P〈0.01）。结论采用针刺的方法可明显改善AD大鼠的学习记忆能力,并能减少脑内AChE的含量。     

针刺“百会”、“大椎”对血管性痴呆大鼠脑内NO及NOS的影响

目的建立拟血管性痴呆（VD）的动物模型，探讨针刺百会及大椎对VD大鼠的认知行为及脑内一氧化氮（NO）及一氧化氮合酶（NOS）的影响。方法选用纯系Wistar老年大鼠36只，随机分为假手术组、模型组、针刺组和西药组，采用2-血管阻断法（2-VO）制作VD大鼠模型，之后进行百会、大椎针刺治疗。检测大鼠穿梭箱实验成绩及脑内NO的含量及NOS的活力。结果数据经统计学分析表明，针刺VD大鼠的百会、大椎穴，可明显减少VD大鼠在穿梭箱实验中的电击次数和电击时间，降低脑组织内NO的含量及NOS活性。结论针刺百会、大椎能提高VD大鼠的学习记忆能力．改善自南甚代谢．但讲VD大鼠的智能恢复．     

针刺百会、大椎对血管性痴呆大鼠认知行为及血液流变学的影响

目的 建立拟血管性痴呆（VD）的动物模型，探讨 针刺百会及大椎对VD大鼠的认知行为及脑内血液流变学的影响。方法 选用纯系Wistar老年大鼠36只，随机分为假手术组、模型组、针刺组和西药组，采用2-血管阻断法（2-VO）制作VD大鼠模型，之后进行百会、大椎针刺治疗。检测大鼠穿梭箱实验成绩及脑内的全血黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞压积及纤维蛋白原浓度的改变。结果 经统计学处理数据表明，针刺VD大鼠的百会、大椎，可明显减少VD大鼠在穿梭箱实验中的电击次数和电击时间，可使VD大鼠的全血黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞压积及纤维蛋白原浓度降低。结论 针刺百会、大椎能提高VD大鼠的学习记忆能力．改善VD大鼠的血漓流峦学状杰．从而改善大脑的血液供府．促进智能的恢复。     

针刺对拟痴呆大鼠脑内自由基系统酶活性的影响

目的　探讨针刺对拟 Alzheimer病 (AD)大鼠脑内自由基氧化损伤的影响。方法　应用迷宫测试观察针刺对拟 AD大鼠学习记忆能力的影响 ,应用分光光度法测定大鼠针刺前后大脑皮质中丙二醛 (MDA)含量及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH- Px)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性变化。结果　针刺可改善痴呆大鼠的记忆功能障碍 ,针刺组大鼠大脑皮质中 MDA含量比模型组显著降低 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,而 SOD和 GSH- Px活性明显升高 (P<0 .0 1 )。结论　针刺具有对抗自由基所致的氧化防御系统受损和脂质过氧化水平升高的作用 ,提高脑内抗氧化能力 ,减轻脑内自由基对神经元的损伤 ,改善 AD的病理反应。     

针刺对颅脑损伤模型大鼠脑组织神经生长因子、脑源性神经营养因子表达的影响

目的观察针刺对颅脑损伤模型大鼠脑组织神经生长因子(NGF)及脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)表达的影响。方法参照Feeney自由落体冲击造模法建立颅脑损伤大鼠模型,将30只大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、针刺组,每组10只。针刺组给予针刺治疗,每天1次,共治疗7天。处理结束后,采用免疫组织化学方法检测损伤脑组织NGF、BDNF含量。结果模型组大鼠脑组织NGF、BDNF表达较假手术组明显下降(P<0.01);针刺组脑组织NGF、BDNF表达较模型组明显升高(P<0.01)。结论针刺可促进神经再生相关营养因子NGF、BDNF的表达、这可能是针刺促进脑损伤后神经再生与神经功能恢复、治疗颅脑损伤的机制之一。     

电针对脑卒中后抑郁大鼠脑神经细胞γ-氨基丁酸、血管内皮生长因子表达的影响

目的观察电针对脑卒中后抑郁(PSD)大鼠脑神经细胞γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达的影响,探讨电针治疗作用的分子机制。方法 Wistar大鼠随机分为正常组,假手术组,模型组,电针组。在建立PSD大鼠模型后,电针"百会"、"大椎"穴,旷场实验观察大鼠的穿线次数和抬壁次数,免疫组织化学染色技术观察脑组织GABA及VEGF表达含量。结果与模型组比较,电针组旷场实验中大鼠的抬壁次数和穿线次数明显增加(P0. 05),脑神经细胞的GABA免疫阳性细胞积分光密度显著减少,VEGF免疫阳性细胞积分光密度显著增加(P0. 05)。结论电针大鼠"百会"、"大椎"穴能改善PSD大鼠抑郁状态,其机制可能与减少脑GABA表达、增加VEGF表达有关。     

智脑胶囊对血管性痴呆模型大鼠行为学及脑组织SOD活性、MDA含量的影响

目的观察智脑胶囊对血管性痴呆模型大鼠学习记忆及脑组织超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、丙二醛（MDA）含量的影响。方法反复夹闭双侧颈总动脉（CCA）结合腹腔注射硝普钠制备拟血管性痴呆模型大鼠,检测模型大鼠学习记忆能力及脑组织SOD活性、MDA含量。结果与模型组相比,智脑胶囊组能明显改善模型大鼠学习记忆能力;智脑胶囊3剂量组均能提高脑组织中SOD活性,其中以中、高剂量组为著;智脑胶囊3剂量组、尼莫通组能够显著降低脑组织中MDA含量。结论智脑胶囊可改善实验性血管性痴呆模型大鼠学习记忆障碍,提高脑组织SOD活性,降低MDA含量。     

电针对缺血再灌注大鼠脑水肿及水通道蛋白-4的影响

目的 探讨针刺治疗缺血再灌注脑水肿可能作用机制.方法 70只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(10只)、模型组(30只)、针刺组(30只).模型组、针刺组采用线栓法制备大鼠大脑中动脉(MCA)缺血再灌模型.针刺组选取穴人中、内关、三阴交进行电针刺激.电流0.3 mA,频率15 Hz,疏密波,留针30 min.干湿重法检测大鼠脑组织含水量,免疫组织化学方法 检测大鼠水通道蛋白-4(AQP4)的表达.结果 脑组织含水量模型组较假手术组明显增多(P<0.01),针刺组较模型组有所降低(P<0.01或P<0.05).但仍高于假手术组(p<0.01或P<0.05).脑组织AQP4模型组均较假手术组增强(P<0.01);针刺组大鼠AQP4较模型组有所降低(P<0.01或P<0.05),但仍高于假手术组(P<0.01).结论 针刺治疗缺血性脑水肿的作用机制可能与其抑制脑内AQP4表达有关.     

针刺对帕金森模型大鼠纹状体多巴胺及代谢产物含量的影响

目的探讨针刺治疗帕金森病（PD）模型大鼠的疗效及作用机制.方法应用偏侧纹状体立体定向注射6-羟基多巴胺的方法制备PD模型大鼠,针刺百会、风府和双侧阳陵泉治疗,观察针刺前后PD模型大鼠阿朴吗啡诱导的行为学及纹状体多巴胺（DA）及代谢产物含量的变化.结果与模型组比较,针刺后PD大鼠行为学明显改善（P〈0.01）,同时针刺组大鼠纹状体DA及代谢产物的含量均显著增加（P〈0.01）.结论针刺可明显改善PD模型大鼠的行为学,并且可以提高纹状体DA及其代谢产物的含量.     

脑肿消方对缺血性中风急性期脑水肿作用的实验研究

目的观察脑肿消方对局灶性脑缺血大鼠脑水肿的影响,并初步探讨其作用机制.方法采用线栓法建立局灶性脑缺血模型,观察大鼠脑系数、脑含水量、全血黏度、红细胞聚集指数、脑组织脂质过氧化物丙二醛(MDA)及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的含量变化.结果脑肿消方大、小剂量组及维脑路通组均可不同程度地降低脑系数和脑组织含水量,降低全血黏度及红细胞聚集指数,降低脑组织中MDA含量,升高SOD活性,以脑肿消方大剂量组作用最优,与模型组比较,有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论脑肿消方对局灶性脑缺血大鼠脑水肿有防治作用,其机制可能与改善机体血流动力学和提高机体抗氧化能力有关.     

Point mutations in KEL exon 8 determine a high-incidence (RAZ) and a low-incidence (KEL25, VLAN) antigen of the Kell blood group system

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The molecular basis of two Kell blood group antigens, RAZ (provisionally KEL27) and VLAN (KEL25), were determined. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The DNA sequences of the open reading frames and the flanking intron regions of the 19 KEL exons from RAZ and VLAN probands were compared with that of common KEL. Genotyping assays were designed to confirm and detect RAZ and VLAN phenotypes. RESULTS: A homozygous G865A mutation, encoding lysine instead of glutamic acid at amino acid position 249 of Kell protein, defines the RAZ phenotype, while a heterozygous G863A mutation in KEL, encoding an arginine to glutamine substitution at amino acid 248, characterizes the VLAN phenotype. CONCLUSION: Point mutations G865A and G863A, in adjacent codons of KEL exon 8, which cause amino acid substitutions, characterize the RAZ and VLAN Kell blood group phenotypes.     

Comparative Studies of the Frequency-domain Correlative Cardiogram（FCG）,Admittance Plethysmography （APG）and Systolic Time Intervals（STI）

<正> This experiment was designed to see whether there is a significantdifference in FCG indexes between normal persons and patients with left ante-rior descending （LAD） coronary artery stenosis.Two groups were classifiedaccording to the findings of angiocardiographic examination.These personsalso underwent cardiac functional examination by noninvasive methods （i.e.STI and APG）.The results indicated that there was a significant difference between the coronaryheart disease （CHD） group and the control group consisting of normal persons.In the CHD group,PEP/LVET of STI indexes and Px,Py,Rx and Rxy ofFCG indexes augmented greatly and SV,CO and HI of APG indexes decreaseda little compared with the control group.So we can say that FCG is an extre-mely sensitive method for diagnosis of CHD.     

Incidence and Predictors of Left Ventricular (LV) Thrombus after ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) in the Holy Capital of Saudi Arabia

BackgroundPatients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) especially those with large MI (myocardial infarction) as identified by ST elevation in multiple contiguous ECG leads or anterior MI, may suffer significant myocardial damage leading to impaired wall motion and contractility which may lead to the formation of left ventricular thrombus (LVT) in the patient. This study was aimed to establish the incidence of LV thrombus and determine the predictors associated with the formation of LV thrombus in patients with AMI.MethodsThis retrospective study was held at the only cardiothoracic centre of Makkah, which provides tertiary level cardiac services. A total of 3084 consecutive patients with acute MI between 2016 and 2019 were identified and divided into two groups i.e. group I (with LVT) and group II (without LVT). The case notes, echocardiography data and cardiac catheterization lab records were reviewed to identify patients with LV thrombus. Regression analysis was employed to evaluate the predictors responsible for the formation of LV thrombus.ResultsThe overall incidence for LV thrombus was determined as 8.4% (n = 260/3084), while in the subpopulation of pilgrims, it was 8.2% (83/1001). Mean age for patients with and without LVT was 54 ± 11 years vs 56 ± 12 years (p < 0.003), respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to gender, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, Arabic speaking or BMI>30. Coronary thrombus aspiration was utilized in 17% vs 12% (p < 0.023) patients with LVT and without LVT, respectively. It was observed that the patients with cardiac arrest tend to develop more LVT i.e. 8.5% vs 5.2% (p < 0.033). However, LV thrombus formation was significantly associated with anterior STEMI with incidence of LVT reaching 13.4% and low ejection fraction (all MI types) i-e. 32 ± 9% vs 42 ± 11%, with p < 0.000 for both independent predictors.ConclusionsLV thrombus is a relatively common occurrence in patients with acute MI, especially those with anterior STEMI and low ejection fraction<30%. Appropriate imaging studies are required for all acute MI patients in order to ascertain the presence or absence of LV thrombus as it has major influence on further management.     

脂蛋白（a）和载脂蛋白（a）多态性与女性冠心病的相关性研究

冠心病（ＣＨＤ）在病因、发病年龄等诸多方面存在性别差异。载脂蛋白（ａ）［ａｐｏ（ａ）］多态性与脂蛋白（ａ）［Ｌｐ（ａ）］血浆水平对女性ＣＨＤ影响的资料甚少。我们通过检测３５例女性ＣＨＤ患者和４５例女性正常对照者的ａｐｏ（ａ）多态表型及Ｌｐ（ａ）水平，并与相应的男性组对比分析，发现含有等位基因Ｓ１、Ｓ２、Ｂ的ａｐｏ（ａ）低分子量表型的ＣＨＤ患者，女性占３７．１４％，显著高于对照组，而男性仅占２５．７１％，与对照组比较差异无显著性。在女性中低分子量表型发生ＣＨＤ危险度为对照组的４．７倍，在男性中仅为１．４倍。提示：低分子量表型对女性ＣＨＤ的影响大于男性。Ｌｐ（ａ）水平在两性ＣＨＤ组均明显高于对照组，而两性之间则差异无显著性。     

Crown-Ether-Modified SBA-15 for the Adsorption of Cr(VI) and Zn(II) from Water

Recently, the release of some metal ions to the environment has been observed to cause serious damages to human health and the environment. Herein, a chromium(VI)- and zinc(II)-selective adsorbent (CB18crown6/SBA-15) was successfully fabricated through the covalent attachment of 4′-carboxybenzo-18-crown-6 (CB18crown6) as a ligand on mesoporous silica support (SBA-15). The CB18crown6/SBA-15 adsorbent was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), N₂ adsorption–desorption, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). To evaluate its ability to selectively capture Cr(VI) and Zn(II), adsorption experiments were conducted. The influences of pH, initial concentration of metal ions, and coexisting metal ions on the adsorption process were examined. The CB18crown6/SBA-15 selectively adsorbed Cr(VI) at pH 2 and Zn(II) at pH 5, respectively, from the mixed aqueous solutions of chromium, zinc, lithium, cadmium, cobalt, strontium, and cesium ions. The data for the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto the CB18crown6/SBA-15 were well explained by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. In addition, the recycling and reuse of CB18crown6/SBA-15 was successfully achieved, and 71 and 76% reuse efficiency of Cr(VI) and Zn(II), respectively, was obtained after five cycles. This study suggests that the use of the CB18crown6/SBA-15 can be a feasible approach for the selective remediation of Cr(VI) and Zn(II) contamination.     

脂蛋白(a)与心血管疾病的关系

脂蛋白(a)[Lp(a)]结构类似于低密度脂蛋白(LDL),高水平Lp(a)是一种公认的心血管疾病危险因子。体内存在氧化型Lp(a)更易于促进动脉粥样硬化的发生发展。Lp(a)中的载脂蛋白(a)[apo(a)]存在异质性,研究显示其危险性可能是由于apo(a)等位基因水平差异引起的,而且apo(a)的多态性影响到Lp(a)水平的临床测定,如何降低apo(a)对结果的影响还需要更多深入研究。目前针对高Lp(a)水平的人群尚无统一的治疗标准,但降脂治疗有益于预防心脑血管疾病的发生。     

城市居民体重指数与糖尿病和糖耐量低减关系的研究

目的 分析南宁市城市居民体重指数（BMI）与糖尿病（DM）发病的关系。方法 对南宁市样本区随机抽取5个街道社区（居委会）810户，每户抽取年龄在35-74岁的居民1人，共810人。分别检测体重、体重指数（BMI）、餐后12h空腹血糖（FPC）；按DM糖耐量低减（IGT）诊断标准分别计算各组的患病率并对照比较。结果 DM患病率以65-74岁组最高，达14．56％；IGT患病率以55-64岁组最高，达16．28％；BMI肥胖组DM、IGT患病率均比正常体重组高，分别高出8．49％及14．48％；不同性别DM、IGT患病率无明显差异。结论 南宁市城市居民DM与IGT的患病情况与年龄呈正比关系，提示超重和肥胖是DM的重要危险因素之一；DM及IGT在南宁市城市居民中已占有相当大的比例。     

脂蛋白α水平与冠心病发生及严重程度的相关性探究

目的 探究未经治疗的冠心病(CAD)患者中,脂蛋白α[Lp(α)]在预测CAD发病和严重程度方面的作用.方法 连续入选2012年10月至2017年4月于阜外医院血脂异常与心血管疾病诊治中心的1980例接受冠状动脉造影的患者,其中1162例确诊患有CAD,用Gensini评分(GS)来评估CAD严重程度,免疫比浊法测定Lp(α).结果 与无CAD患者相比,CAD患者LDL-C水平更高(P<0.05).多变量Logistic回归分析表明,Lp(α)>205 mg/L(第三分位)时患CAD的风险是Lp(α)处于第一分位者的1.437倍(95%CI 1.108~1.865,P=0.006),高GS的风险是Lp(α)处于第一分位者的1.480倍(95%CI 1.090~2.009,P=0.012).而且,高水平的Lp(α)和LDL-C并存时预示着CAD发病风险(OR=1.845,95%CI 1.339~2.541,P<0.001)和冠状动脉严重程度(OR=1.736,95%CI 1.188~2.538,P=0.004)最高.结论 脂蛋白α可作为预测冠状动脉疾病存在和程度的标志物,尤其是与LDL-C联合使用时.     

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) mediates the effect of estrogens on the dopaminergic tone in the hypothalamic-pituitary axis of ovariectomized (OVX) rats

The role of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in the regulation of dopamine (DA) concentration in mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH), posterior and anterior pituitary of ovariectomized (OVX) estrogenized rats was studied using passive immunization against VIP with a specific antiserum (a-VIP). Chronic estradiol administration decreased DA concentration in MBH, and in posterior and anterior pituitary, compared to OVX control rats. DA tissue concentration increased following a-VIP administration to control and estrogenized OVX rats. In vitro study of VIP and a-VIP on DA release from MBH in chronically estrogenized OVX rats showed that estrogens decreased DA evoked-release from MBH; a-VIP increased DA evoked-release from MBH of control OVX and estrogenized rats. VIP decreased DA evoked-release from MBH of OVX rats, but had no effect on estrogenized rats. VIP decreased DA tissue concentration in MBH of OVX control but not of estrogenized rats. It is suggested that VIP decreases DA synthesis and release from hypothalamic neurons in female rats, and that VIP partially mediates the inhibitory effect of long-term estrogen administration on DA release from MBH.     

Screening and identification of key genes between liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) by bioinformatic analysis

Background:Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) are common primary liver cancers worldwide. Liver stem cells have biopotential to differentiate into either hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, the phenotypic overlap between LIHC and CHOL has been acceptable as a continuous liver cancer spectrum. However, few studies directly investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms between LIHC and CHOL.Method:To identify the candidate genes between LIHC and CHOL, three data series including {"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE31370","term_id":"31370"}}GSE31370, {"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE15765","term_id":"15765"}}GSE15765 and {"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE40367","term_id":"40367"}}GSE40367 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and function enrichment analyses were performed. The protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed and the module analysis was performed using STRING and Cytoscape.Results:A total of 171 DEGs were identified, consisting of 49 downregulated genes and 122 upregulated genes. Compared with CHOL, the enriched functions of the DEGs mainly included steroid metabolic process, acute inflammatory response, coagulation. Meanwhile, the pathway of KEGG enrichment analyses showed that the upregulated gene(s) were mainly enriched complement and coagulation cascades, cholesterol metabolism and PPAR signaling pathway, while the downregulated gene(s) were mainly enriched in ECM-receptor interaction, focal adhesion, bile secretion. Similarly, the most significant module was identified and biological process analysis revealed that these genes were mainly enriched in regulation of blood coagulation, acute inflammatory response, complement and coagulation cascades. Finally, two (ITIH2 and APOA2) of 10 hub genes had been screened out to help differential diagnosis.Conclusion:171 DEGs and two (ITIH2 and APOA2) of 10 hub genes identified in the present study help us understand the different molecular mechanisms between LIHC and CHOL, and provide candidate targets for differential diagnosis.