Outpatient treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax using an improved pocket sized Heimlich valve

We report two patients, who have used Pneumostat to replace the conventional underwater seal drainage system for recurrent pneumothorax. Both patients had required repeated chest tube insertion for recurrent pneumothorax and needed a longer hospital stay. Both patients were able to be discharged with the Pneumostat device and were reviewed in outpatient clinic. Both patients had optimal clinical improvement and chest X-ray showed no residual pneumothorax.     

基于节能的实验动物人工环境气流组织数值模拟

气流组织是影响屏障环境实验动物设施流场的一个重要因素,本文以某屏障环境小鼠饲养室为例,用Airpak软件模拟排风口位置、数量、尺寸以及笼具位置对室内流场的影响。模拟结果表明:房间排风口的数量和位置对小鼠饲养室整体的平均温度、平均风速、平均空气龄以及均方根偏差影响较小,主要影响局部气流分布;笼具沿房间宽度方向布置的平均空气龄比笼具沿房间长度方向布置平均少25 s。此外,计算分析夏季空调新风冷负荷指标和换气次数呈现一次函数关系,新风冷负荷占总冷负荷比例达92.25%。相对于开放式笼具系统,独立通气笼具系统新风冷负荷指标降低62.6%。     

无拘束睡眠心率和呼吸率的全自动监测系统

本文介绍了一种无需将传感器置于人体的全自动监测系统,阐述了其睡眠心率和呼吸率监测系统的测量原理、信号处理方法以及研究进展.     

牙周病维护期治疗中口腔健康教育与牙周袋内细菌分布的追踪观察

目的：用细菌涂片法观察牙周病维护期中细菌分布变化，以及细菌分布与牙周病临床指标变化之间的关系。方法：选择在维护期中牙周病复发的患者60名，随机分2组，实验组施以牙周基础治疗＋口腔卫生宣教强化，对照组只作牙周基础治疗，不作口腔卫生宣教，观察基线2周，3个月，6个月牙周病患者牙周袋内细菌分布和牙周病临床指标变化。结果：2组临床指标均较基线时显著减少（P＜0．05），实验组PLI SBI PD B％均较对照组下降快。结论：牙周病患者牙周袋内细菌分布，牙周病临床指标与牙周病的活跃期和静止期有相关性两者结合，在牙周病维护期监测牙周病活跃性，口腔健康教育在牙周病维护中有重要作用。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术中CO_2气腹对呼吸的影响

目的:观察腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC术)中CO_2气腹对病人气道压、PetCO_2(呼吸末CO_2分压)及血气的影响。方法:全麻下腹腔镜胆囊切除术病人20例。于充气前充气,充血10、30min,放气后10min采动脉血,查血气。结果:充气15minPetCO_2、PaCO_2显著升高,P<0.01,pH下降,30minCO_2进一步升高,pH下降,放气后10min,CO_2仍高,结论:在LC手术中,应根据PetCO_2变化及时调整呼吸参数,防止术中、术后发生高碳酸血症。     

人工气道患者行纤维支气管镜吸痰的监护

①目的分析人工气道患纤维支气管镜(纤友镜)吸痰的监护要点及其疗效。②方法对28例患行纤支镜吸痰62次，采用了吸痰前心理护理，吸痰时增加氧流量，纤支镜灌洗，监测生命体征、SaO2等方法。③结果发生一过性低氧血症16例次，占25．8％；心律失常2例次，占3．2％；呕吐4例次，占6．4％。吸痰后SaO2升高，呼吸困难改善，肺部病变缓解。吸痰成功率100％，疗效好。④结论对人工气道患合理使用纤支镜吸痰效果好，在操作前、中、后注意监护，可避免并发症的发生。     

后腹膜腔镜手术CO2气腹对全麻患者呼吸及循环的影响

为探讨后腹膜腔镜手术中气腹对全身麻醉患者血流动力学、呼吸及动脉血气的影响,选择了40例(ASA I～Ⅲ)后腹膜腔镜下泌尿外科手术的患者,监测二氧化碳(CO2),气腹前、气腹后30 min、解除气腹后30 min血压(Bp)、心率(HR)、心电图(ECG)、脉搏氧饱和度(SpO2)及动脉血气、气道压力的变化.结果气腹前、后患者的血流动力学及气道压力变化不明显(P＞0.05),动脉血气发生显著改变,出现高碳酸血症(P＜0.05).研究表明,后腹膜腔镜手术CO2气腹对全身麻醉患者血流动力学、呼吸及血气产生一定的影响,术中需加强麻醉的管理及监测.     

可调式中空钛合金人工椎体行椎体重建术的初步报告

目的 :分析可调式中空钛合金人工椎体置换术对脊柱功能的重建。　方法 :以中空可调式钛合金人工椎体行椎体置换术 2 4例。其中肿瘤 13例 ,外伤 9例 ,颈椎畸形 2例。观察指标分为椎节高度重建指标、脊柱曲度重建指标、人工椎体放置位置观察、人工椎体与正常椎体面积比测定等 ,并在随访中观察患者植骨融合情况。　结果 :人工椎体置换后椎节前部及中部高度较术前明显增加 ,但椎节后部高度无明显变化 ,平均高度较术前增加 3mm ;椎间角较术前明显恢复 ;随访中无一例人工椎体脱出。人工椎体置换术后 12个月 ,大部分形成骨性融合。　结论 :可调式中空钛合金人工椎体置换可获得较理想的重建脊柱高度及生理曲度 ,并可获得骨性融合     

Classification of transcranial Doppler signals using artificial neural network

Transcranial Doppler signals, recorded from the temporal region of brain on 110 patients were transferred to a personal computer by using a 16-bit sound card. The fast Fourier transform (FFT) method was applied to the recorded signal from each patient. Since FFT method inherently can not offer a good spectral resolution at jet blood flows, it sometimes causes wrong interpretation of transcranial Doppler signals. To do a correct and rapid diagnosis, transcranial Doppler blood flow signals were statistically arranged so that they were classified in artificial neural network. Back propagation neural network and self-organization map algorithms of artificial neural network were used for training, whereas momentum and delta–bar-delta algorithms were used for learning. The results of these algorithms were compared in the case of classification and learning.     

Magnetic suspension hip joint: an ideal design of an artificial joint

Background Artificial joints present certain problems such as osteal absorption and lysis induced by wear debris which leads to loosening of the prosthesis over a period of time. Here we propose a design of an artificial magnetic suspension joint that was prepared by integrating the medical theories of modern material science, magnetism, and medical physics.Methods According to clinical characteristic of biological and mechanical for hip joint, we designed the appearance and dimensions of magnetic suspension joint and placed neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets in the prosthesis.As the same time, we performed mechanical and biological experiments using artificial magnetic suspension hip joints models.Results By simulated the human hip structure and the external load, we discovered the artificial magnetic suspension hip joints models had much lesser amount and size of wear debris than the ceramic/ceramic artificial hip joint prosthesis in friction wear tests. The force between the artificial joints with magnetic materials that we have calculated is feasible for application of artificial joint. The design of artificial magnetic suspension hip joints models was plausible technically and safe biologically.Conclusion Artificial magnetic suspension hip joints may effectively reduce the incidence of the loosening of prosthesis over a period of time.