用火箭免疫电泳技术检测B因子含量及临床初步应用

本文报告用自制抗 B 因子血清建立的火箭免疫电泳方法,对正常人和各类病人的检测结果。103例正常人血清 B 因子含量范围10.4～33.4mg/dl。323例各类病人检测结果为:风湿性心脏病等13种疾病,B 因子含量均显著降低(P<0.05);癌肿病人显著升高(P<0.05);而类风湿性关节炎和甲状腺疾病病人无明显变化(P>0.05)。     

SLE患者血清对骨髓间充质干细胞衰老的作用及机制研究

目的:探讨系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者血清对间充质干细胞(MSC)衰老的作用及机制。方法:收集性别、年龄匹配6例健康对照者及6例SLE患者血清,灭活补体后-80℃保存备用;分离培养3例健康对照及3例SLE患者骨髓MSC,传代至第3~4代备用;以含10%SLE或对照血清的DMEM/F12模拟机体全身血液微环境,培养不同来源骨髓MSC;SA-β-gal染色并计数阳性细胞比例;Real time PCR法检测MSC p53、p21基因水平;Western blot法分别检测p53、p21蛋白及核蛋白NF-κB(p65)表达水平;CCK8测细胞增殖。结果:SLE患者血清增加健康人骨髓MSC的β-半乳糖苷酶阳性比例[(26.6±2.1)%vs(11.8±1.9)%,P<0.05],对SLE患者骨髓MSC的促进作用更为显著[(58.8±2.8)%vs.(31.2±2.2)%,P<0.05];SLE患者血清可同时上调健康对照及SLE患者骨髓MSC的p53及p21水平;SLE患者血清既能够抑制健康骨髓MSC增殖[(0.7±0.1)vs(1.1±0.1),P<0.01],又能抑制SLE患者骨髓MSC增殖能力[(0.5±0.2)vs(0.8±0.3),P<0.05]。此外,SLE患者血清还可显著上调两种来源骨髓MSC核内NF-κB(p65)的蛋白水平。结论:SLE患者血清能够促进骨髓MSC衰老,该过程可能与其胞内NF-κB信号通路的活化有关。     

人可溶型FcγRIIb的制备及其功能初步研究

目的:检测正常人和SLE患者血清中可溶型FcγRIIb(husFcγRIIb)含量,诱导表达并纯化人可溶性FcγRIIb,检测其与血清中免疫复合物结合力及对B细胞抗体分泌功能的影响。方法:ELISA法检测人血清中可溶型FcγRIIb含量,IPTG诱导含有pET-sFcγRIIb的大肠杆菌BL21,镍琼脂糖磁珠纯化目的蛋白,可溶型FcγRIIb包被ELISA板,ELISA方法检测其与血清中免疫复合物结合能力,免疫磁珠法分选B细胞,分组刺激培养,ELISA检测培养物上清中IgM含量。结果:SLE患者血清中可溶型FcγRIIb浓度低于正常人(P<0.05);诱导表达并纯化获得相对分子质量(Mr)为41 500的重组蛋白;重组可溶型FcγRIIb可以与血清中免疫复合物结合,二者孵育后吸光度(A)值随血清中免疫复合物浓度逐渐增高,至受体结合度饱和时达最大;不同刺激条件下B细胞培养10 d,各实验组抗体浓度均高于细胞对照组(P<0.01),SPA组、SPA+husFcγRIIb组抗体浓度无显著差异(P﹥0.05),SPA+IgG型抗人IgM组抗体滴度明显高于SPA组(P<0.01),SPA+husFcγRIIb+IgG型抗人IgM组抗体滴度明显低于SPA+IgG型抗人IgM组(P<0.01)、SPA组(P<0.01)和SPA+husFcγRIIb组(P<0.01)。结论:SLE患者血清中可溶性FcγRIIb含量低于正常人,重组人可溶性FcγRIIb可以与血清中免疫复合物结合,抑制免疫复合物对B淋巴细胞的激活,减少IgM型抗体的分泌。     

系统性红斑狼疮患者血清补体H因子水平及其意义

目的:通过检测系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者血清补体因子H(CFH)的表达水平,探讨其水平变化与SLE患者其他实验室检测指标关系及其在SLE发病中的作用.方法:选取符合1982年美国风湿病学会制定的SLE诊断标准的37例SLE患者,另选30例健康对照者,采取酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测SLE组及对照组血清中的CFH的水平,同时检测临床相关指标,分析CFH在各组患者血中的变化及其与临床各指标的相关性.结果:SLE患者血清CFH水平为(332.96±135.27)μg/L,低于正常对照组水平[(414.81±72.79)μg/L,P<0.05].SLE血清CFH水平与补体C3呈明显正相关(r=0.518,P<0.001),与ds-DNA,尿微量白蛋白,SLEDAI评分呈负相关(r=-0.425,P<0.05;r=-0.472,P<0.05;r=-0.369,P<0.05).结论:CFH的减少可能参与SLE的发病过程,特别与SLE造成肾脏损伤有?是导致SLE患者低补体血症的因素之一,在一定程度上可反映疾病活动程度.     

SLE患者血清抗F(ab′)_2片段抗体的测定及其临床意义

用酶解法制备正常人 IgG-F(ab')_2片段及 SLE 患者血清抗 ds-DNA-F(ab')_2片段,ELISA 法检测同一组(46例)SLE 患者血清中抗 F(ab')_2片段抗体,两者检测结果呈高度相关性.同时发现,缓解期 SLE 患者血清中抗 F(ab')_2片段抗体水平明显高于活动期 SLE 患者,而抗 ds-DNA 抗体水平与之相反.提示,正常人 IgG-F(ab')_2片段与 SLE 患者血清抗 ds-DNA-F(ab')_2片段可能有共同的结构表位,其抗 F(ab')_2片段抗体测定可作为临床观察 SLE 活动性的一个指标.     

全身性红斑狼疮、银屑病和胰岛素依赖性糖尿病病人补体成份BfSS亚型的检测

用薄层聚丙烯酰胺凝胶等电聚焦方法对62例全身性红斑狼疮(SLE)、61例寻常型银屑病(PV)及17例胰岛素依赖性糖尿病(IDDM)病人补体第二途径成份B因子SS型的亚型分布及基因频率进行了检测。结果表明,SLB病人BfSS亚基因频率分别为,S_A0.516,S_B0.484;PV为:S_A0.492,S_B0.508,IDDM为:S_A0.676,S_B0.324。与正常人(S_A0.414,S_B0.586)比较,三种疾病的S_A亚基因频率均有不同程度的增高,并伴有S_B亚基因频率的降低。统计结果表明,IDDM与正常人的差异显著(P<0.01),SLE次之(P<0.05),PV不著(P>0.1)。此外,这三种疾病病人BfS_A-S_A亚型的表型频率(分别为30.6%、31.1%和41.1%)都显著高于正常19.3%),统计学表明差异均显著(P<0.05)。     

HSP90以及IL-6在系统型红斑狼疮发病中的作用

目的研究系统型红斑狼疮(systemiclupuserythematosus,SLE)患者外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)中热休克蛋白90(HSP90)、血清中白细胞介素6(IL6)的水平,探讨与活动期SLE的相关性。方法应用Western印迹检测20例SLE活动期患者(A组)与20例正常人(B组)PBMC中HSP90的表达,并利用酶联免疫法(ELISA)检测其血清中IL6水平。结果①A组HSP90表达水平为0.47±0.05,B组为0.18±0.07,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);②血清中IL6水平在A组[(32.97±8.65)pg/ml]显著高于B组[(10.46±4.33)pg/ml](P<0.05);③A组血清中IL6水平与PBMC中HSP90表达呈正相关(r=0.61,P<0.01),且与SLE疾病活动指数(SLEDAI)正相关(r=0.48,P<0.01)。结论IL6可作为病情活动监测指标,IL6与HSP90的异常高表达可能在SLE发病机制中起重要作用。     

TLR9、IFN-α和BAFF水平与系统性红斑狼疮的相关性研究

目的检测系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)Toll样受体(TLR)-9 mRNA及血清干扰素(IFN)-α、B细胞活化因子(BAFF)水平,探讨TLR9与SLE疾病活动的关系及与IFN-α、BAFF在SLE发病中可能的相互作用。方法应用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(real-time PCR)检测40例SLE患者及20例健康对照者PBMCs中TLR9 mRNA水平;采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测60例SLE患者及20例健康对照者血清IFN-α、BAFF水平。结果 1SLE患者外周血单个核细胞TLR9 mRNA表达水平较健康对照组上调(P0.05);TLR9 mRNA表达水平与SLE疾病活动指数(SLEDAI)、血沉(ESR)呈正相关(P0.01,P0.05);与补体3(C3)呈负相关(P0.05)。2SLE患者血清中BAFF、IFN-α水平高于健康对照(P均0.05);BAFF、IFN-α水平均与SLEDAI呈正相关(P0.05)。3SLE患者中抗ds-DNA抗体阳性者TLR9 mRNA、BAFF与IFN-α水平高于阴性者(P均0.05)。4SLE患者外周血单个核细胞TLR9mRNA表达水平与血清中BAFF、IFN-α水平正相关(P0.01);血清中BAFF与IFN-α呈正相关(P0.05)。结论 SLE患者外周血单个核细胞TLR9 mRNA表达上调,血清中BAFF、IFN-α分泌增加,均与疾病活动相关。SLE患者外周血单个核细胞TLR9 mRNA表达与血清IFN-α、BAFF水平之间及BAFF和IFN-α之间均呈显著正相关,提示TLR9、BAFF及IFN-α参与了人类SLE的发病过程并相互调控,在SLE疾病活动维持中起重要作用。     

白介素17A受体在系统性红斑狼疮患者外周血B淋巴细胞的表达及意义

目的:研究白介素17A受体(IL-17AR)在系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者外周血B淋巴细胞内的表达情况及其临床意义。方法:流式细胞术检测60例SLE患者及33例健康人外周血B细胞上IL-17AR的表达水平。并将其与有关临床及实验室指标进行相关性分析。结果:SLE患者组的IL-17AR+细胞表达比例为(47.58±17.20)%,高于正常对照组(40.71±11.82)%(P<0.05)。在SLE患者中:口腔溃疡组、有浆膜炎组、有肾脏病变组、有免疫异常组分别高于相应的无症状组(P<0.05)。在抗Sm-D1抗体阳性组及抗核小体抗体阳性组分别高于相应的抗体阴性组(P<0.05)。IL-17AR+细胞比例与SLE疾病活动指数(SLEDAI)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、甘油三酯呈正相关;与间接胆红素、血清白蛋白的表达负相关(P<0.05)。B淋巴细胞比例与血清IgG、ALT、直接胆红素的表达呈正相关;与胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白的表达呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论:IL-17AR在SLE患者B细胞上表达上调,且与病情有一定的相关性。提示IL-17/IL-17AR可能在SLE发病中起着重要作用。     

Fcgr2b基因及H-2复合体对SLE模型小鼠IgG抗体产生的调节作用

目的:分析Fcgr2b基因对SLE小鼠血清总IgG抗体产生的影响;Fcgr2b基因单独及Fcgr2b基因与H-2复合体共同作用对SLE小鼠血清IgG抗DNA抗体产生的调控。方法:建立(NZB×NZW)F1×NZW回交小鼠模型,用特异性荧光抗体染色,流式细胞术检测及PCR技术进行基因分型,以ELISA法测定血清总IgG及抗DNA抗体水平进行分析比较。采用扩增片段长度多态性(AmpFLP)分析NZB,NZW小鼠Fcgr2b基因启动子区是否有多态性。结果:(NZB×NZW)F1×NZW回交小鼠Fc-gr2b基因B/W型组血清总IgG水平明显高于W/W型组(P<0.0001)。Fcgr2b基因独作用时,回交小鼠Fcgr2b基因B/W型组与W/W型组间血清IgG抗DNA抗体水平差异不显著(P>0.05)。Fcgr2b基因与H-2复合体共同作用时,H-2复合体为d/z型时,无论Fcgr2b基因是B/W型或W/W型,其血清IgG抗DNA抗体水平明显高于含H-2复合体Z/Z型组(P<0.01);H-2复合体为d/z型时,含Fcgr2b基因B/W型组血清IgG抗DNA抗体水平明显高于W/W型组(P<0.01)。NZB小鼠Fcgr2b基因启动子区扩增片段长度短于非自身免疫病小鼠NZW,C57BL/6及BALB/c小鼠,提示可能存在碱基缺失。结论:血清总IgG水平由Fcgr2b基因调控;IgG抗DNA抗体产生主要由H-2复合体调控,Fcgr2b基因单独作用对该抗体产生的影响不明显,但与H-2复合体具有协同作用。     

胰岛素依赖性糖尿病病人补体第二途径B因子多态性的检测

用琼脂糖凝胶高压电泳继以免疫固定技术对30例胰岛素依赖性糖尿病(IDDM)病人进行了补体第二途径B因子(Bf)遗传多态性的检测。检测结果表明,IDDM病人的BfF的基因率频(0.3667)显著高于正常人(0.1159),P《0.001;且BfFF表型也较正常人显著增高,P《0.001,BfFF表型人群,IDDM发病的相对危险性(RR)为12.58。     

Properdin factor B and complement factor C4 allotypes in rheumatoid arthritis: results of a follow-up study.

The association between allotypes of properdin factor B (Bf), the fourth component of complement (C4A and C4B), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), was investigated in a well-characterized cohort of RA patients who were followed from an early phase of the disease for a mean duration of 6 years. The frequencies of probable heterozygous C4AQ0 and of C4A3 were lower in RA patients compared to controls, irrespective of the presence of DR4 [relative risk (RR): 0.52 and 0.49, respectively, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI): 0.34-0.80 and 0.29-0.82]. The frequency of C4A4 was higher in RA patients compared to controls (RR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.03-3.35), especially in DR4 positive RA patients compared to DR4 positive controls (RR: 2.58, 95% CI: 1.07-6.25), indicating a positive association of this allotype with RA additional to DR4. Bf and C4B allotypes were comparable in RA patients and controls. We did not find significant differences in Bf and C4 allotype frequencies in RA patients subdivided according to severity of the disease into a mild group and a progressive group. Because of inconsistent results in all studies on Bf and C4 allotypes, we conclude that C4 and Bf allotypes do not seem to have an important independent effect on determining disease susceptibility.     

Complement C2, C3, C4 and factor B allele distribution in the Gipsy population in Hungary

Allotype frequencies of four complement proteins (C3, C2, factor B, and C4) were tested in 150 healthy Hungarian and 126 healthy Gipsy individuals living in Hungary. We observed significant differences between the two ethnic groups in the incidence of C3*F, Bf*F, C4A*Q0, C4A*3, C4B*1 and C4B*2 allotypes. Bf*F occurred more frequently among Gipsies, while frequencies for the other three allotypes was lower in this group than in Hungarians. The similarities in the allotype frequencies of C3 and Bf among Gipsy and Gaddis (India) populations supports the Indian origin of the former ethnic group.     

Association of HLA-Bw65 with two major complotypes

The association between the HLA-B14 subtypes Bw64 and Bw65 and complement allotypes (C2, Bf and C4) was investigated in both population and family studies. Bf, C4A and C4B allotyping was performed on 37 Bw64 and 35 Bw65 positive unrelated Welsh/English subjects. Sixteen HLA-Bw65 bearing haplotypes were characterized for HLA-ABC, DR and DQ antigens and complement allotypes, including C2. The findings of the population study suggested that the complement haplotype associated with Bw64 is BfS, C4A2, C4B2. The population and family studies revealed two major complement haplotypes associated with HLA-Bw65: (i) C2C, BfF, C4A3, C4A1 - often associated with HLA-A3, Cw8 and DRw13, and (ii) C2C, BfS, C4A2, C4B2 - often associated with HLA-Aw33, Cw8 and DR1 or with A28, Cw8 and DRw13. The HLA-Bw65 bearing haplotypes of three families carried a C4B2B1 duplication of the C4B locus. In these families three C4B gene products were identified in the Bw65 positive members using an anti-C4B monoclonal antibody. It is suggested that most, if not all, HLA-Bw65 bearing haplotypes may possess a C4B locus duplication.     

贵州苗族补体Bf和C4B同种异型的多态性

用高压琼脂糖电泳后的免疫固定试验，检测了贵州苗族健康成人的补体旁路Ｂ因子（Ｂｆ）和Ｃ４Ｂ的同种异型。在检出的基因型中Ｂｆ有３个，Ｃ４Ｂ有１０个，最高基因频率的基因是Ｂｆ＊Ｓ０．９４４４。Ｃ４Ｂ＊２０．５０００．     

HLA-A,B,C and DR antigens, GLO I and Bf marker profiles in 75 Cape Coloured patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

HLA-A,B,C and DR antigens were tested in 75 Cape Coloured systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, and the GLO I and Bf markers in 51. The patients with HLA-DR2 had a relative risk significantly greater than one (p=0.0005). Twenty-two (29%) patients had only one detectable DR antigen. Of these, 11 (50%) were found to have DR2 only. The HLA-DR7 antigen was associated with severe disease (p less than 0.02). Bf and GLO I markers were not associated with SLE.     

The nomenclature of properdin factor B allotypes

In a comparative study the presently known eleven allotypes of properdin factor B (Bf) were examined. Bf polymorphism consists of the two common alleles F and S, the two less common alleles F 1 and S 1 and seven further rare alleles. A variant designation has been proposed according to their relative electrophoretic mobility in comparison to the migration difference between the S and F 1 band. There rare variant alleles were redesignated: F 1.55, SO.45 and SO.7, which previously had been described as F 1.6, S 0.8 and S 1, respectively. Conversion studies did neither reveal variant mobility in the Bb nor in the Ba fragment of factor B in three of the rare alleles. This finding confirms the earlier report on one of the variants, possibly suggesting the existence of a so far unknown third clearing fragment.     

DNA polymorphism of major histocompatibility complex class II and class III genes in systemic lupus erythematosus

We investigated the Taq I digested DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class II genes: HLA-DRB, -DQA, and the class III genes: C4 and 21-hydroxylase(CYP21) in 56 caucasoid patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 62 control subjects in order to define the molecular variation of these genes and their association with SLE. The results showed that the gene frequencies of both HLA-DR2 and -DR3 were significantly increased in the SLE population compared to normal subjects (DR2: 21.4% vs 10.7% chi 2 = 4.5. DR3: 29.6% vs 13.3%; chi 2 = 8.3). A high frequency of C4A and CYP21A gene deletions was also found in SLE patients (SLE 52%, normals 24%). All of 22 SLE patients, and 12 of 15 normal subjects who had C4A and CYP21A gene deletions had a 10.0kb Taq 1 DRB RFLP attributable to the presence of HLA-DR3. Family studies showed linkage of C4A/CYP21A deletions with HLA-B8 and -DR3, and confirmed the previously demonstrated association of the HLA-B8, DR3, C4A*Q0, C4*B1, Bf*S, C2*C haplotype with SLE. Deletions affecting the C4A and CYP21A genes were the commonest cause of C4A null alleles in SLE. No strong association between C4 null phenotype or C4 gene deletion, as determined by RFLP, was observed in patients who possessed DR2.     

HLA—Ⅲ类成份及其构成的补体型与重症肌无力相关性的研究

对42个无血缘关系的重症肌无力(MG)患者家庭及36个健康献血员家庭成员的EDTA血浆用琼脂糖高压电泳及免疫固定的方法对属于HLA-Ⅲ的Bf,C4A及C4B的遗传多态性及其构成的补体型进行了检测。通过家系分析及对比发现,MG的Bf基因频率与正常人无差异;C4A~*4的基因频率病人远大于正常人,而C4A~*2则较常人为小。在补体型方便,MG患者与正常人亦不相同:患者以S42的频率最高,常人则以S31最高。MG患者的S42、S31及S40之间存在着正向连锁不平衡,S32和S41之间存在着负向连锁不平衡。进一步分析显示,S42与MG密切相关,这主要是由于C4A~*4与MG强烈相关,而Bf~*S和C4A~*2又与C4A~*4连锁不平衡的结果。     

Bf Types of HLA Haplotyped Individuals in an Isolated Newfoundland Population

Five hundred and fourteen individuals from an isolated NewFoundland population have been typed and haplotyped for HLA and Factor B (Bf locus). The Bf gene frequencies were: S0.704, F0.226, F1 0.052 and S1 0.018. Tracing the haplotypes backwards on the various pedigrees it was shown that 202 HLA/Bf haplotypes had been introduced into the study population. Some HLA alleles always appeared in association with particular Bf alleles and vice versa. Bf S1 had entered the population four times, always with HLA--A9, B12. Bf F1 had entered three times, always with HLA--B18. There were 17 entries of HLA--Al, B8 that had given rise to the 78 such haplotypes that were now present in the population; all were Bf S. There were 68 family units informative for Bf. They accounted for 240 children and 304 informative meioses. There were three recombinants in the HLA region but none could be shown to have occurred between the HLA-B and Bf loci.