一阶导数光谱法测定麦味地黄丸中丹皮酚的含量

目的 :研究精密、简便测定麦味地黄丸中丹皮酚含量的方法。方法 :采用分光光度法中的一阶导数光谱法。测定波长 :2 86nm和 2 90nm。结果 :在 2 79～ 7 4 4μg/ml浓度范围内呈线性关系 ,回归方程 :C( μg/ml) =- 0 .0 0 5 162 0 .0 13 81ΔA ,r=0 9994。回收率 99 66% (RSD =0 5 3 % ,n =5 )。结论 :方法简便、快速、准确。     

紫外分光光度法测定优赛清栓剂中两组分的含量

目的 :不经分离同时测定 4 氨基水杨酸钠和盐酸小檗碱的含量。方法 :采用紫外分光光度法在波长345nm处测定盐酸小檗碱的含量 ;在 2 98nm和 36 4nm处利用双波长法测定 4 氨基水杨酸钠的含量。结果 :4 氨基水杨酸钠的线性范围为 10 .2 μg/mL～31.5 μg/mL,平均回收率为 (97 98± 0 5 6 ) % ,相对标准偏差为 0 .5 7%(n =9)。盐酸小檗碱的线性范围为 5 1μg/mL～15 3μg/mL,平均回收率为 (10 1 8± 0 80 ) % ,相对标准偏差为0 79% (n =9)。结论 :采用紫外分光光度法测定栓剂中两组分的含量 ,方法简单、快速、准确度高。     

薄层扫描法测定痔克胶囊中硬脂酸的含量

目的　建立痔克胶囊君药壁虎中硬脂酸的含量测定方法。方法　采用双波长薄层扫描法 ,固定相为硅胶G ,流动相为氯仿 甲醇 (90∶10 ) ,检测波长 4 38nm ,参比波长 5 5 0nm条件下进行壁虎中硬脂酸含量测定。结果　硬脂酸的含量在 2 .0～ 7.0 μg范围内线性关系良好 (r =0 .994 4 ,n =6) ,平均回收率为 99.6% (n=5 ) ,RSD为 2 .18% ;本次测定 3批样品 ,每克壁虎中硬脂酸含量平均为 0 .0 836g。结论　本法准确可靠 ,可作为痔克胶囊壁虎中硬脂酸的含量测定指标     

RP-HPLC测定葛根芩连汤有效部位中黄芩苷和葛根素的含量

目的　建立葛根芩连汤有效部位中黄芩苷和葛根素的RP HPLC含量测定方法。方法　采用YWG C18色谱柱 (2 5 0mm× 4 6mm ,10 μm) ,黄芩苷含量测定流动相为甲醇 -水 -磷酸 (47∶ 5 3∶0 2 ) ,流速 :1 0mL/min ,检测波长 :2 80nm ;葛根素含量测定流动相为甲醇 -水 (2 5∶ 75 ) ,流速 :1 0mL/min ,检测波长 :2 5 0nm。结果　黄芩苷平均回收率为 98 61% ,RSD =2 77% (n =5 ) ;葛根素平均回收率为 10 2 4 % ,RSD =2 70 % (n =5 )。结论　所建立的方法简便、准确 ,可作为葛根芩连汤有效部位的质量控制方法     

荧光分光光度法测定人脑脊液中左氧氟沙星的浓度

目的 :建立荧光分光光度法测定人脑脊液中左氧氟沙星浓度的新方法。方法 :以三氯乙酸为蛋白沉淀剂 ,加醋酸 醋酸钠缓冲液 (pH4.0 )后测荧光强度。结果 :激发波长为 2 94nm ,发射波长为 496nm ,浓度在 0 .1～ 5 .0μg/ml范围内线性关系良好。标准曲线回归方程为Y =47.482 6X +2 .85 2 4,相关系数r=0 .9998,平均相对回收率为 98.2 % ,变异系数为 2 .16 % ,结论 :本方法操作简便 ,快速     

高效液相色谱法测定全天麻胶囊中天麻素的含量

目的 :建立 RP- HPL C测定全天麻胶囊中天麻素含量的方法。方法 :固定相为 Nova- Pak C1 8。反相柱 (4μm,2 5 0 mm× 4. 0 mm ) ,流动相为乙睛 -水 (4 :96 ) ,检测波长为 2 70 nm。结果 :该方法的线性范围为 0 . 2 98～ 4. 76 8μg (r=0 . 9999) ,平均回收率为 98. 2 8% ,RSD=2 . 49% (n=5 )。结论 :本法简便 ,准确 ,灵敏度高 ,重现性好 ,可用于该制剂的含量测定     

HPLC法测定小柴胡颗粒剂中黄芩苷的含量

目的 :建立小柴胡颗粒剂中黄芩苷的含量测定方法。方法 :采用反相高效液相色谱法。色谱柱 :Inertsil ODS- 3(5 μm,4 .6× 2 5 0 mm)柱 ;流动相 :甲醇 -水 -磷酸 (45∶ 5 5∶ 0 .2 ) ;检测波长 :315 nm。结果 :黄芩苷在 0 .2 4 2 9～ 1.2 14 4 μg/ml范围内呈现良好的线性关系 (r=0 .9999) ,回收率 10 0 .0 % ,RSD=0 .96 %。结论 :本法可用于测定小柴胡颗粒剂中黄芩苷的含量。     

高效液相色谱法测定妇康丸中大黄素的含量

目的 :建立高效液相色谱法测定妇康丸中大黄素含量的方法。方法 :采用C18柱 ,以甲醇— 0 1%磷酸溶液 (85∶15 )为流动相 ,检测波长为 2 5 4nm。结果 :大黄素浓度在 0 0 4 μg～ 0 4 0 μg范围内 ,峰面积与进样量呈良好线性关系 ,回归方程Y =1736 4 .5X +3.176 ,r=0 .9995 ,平均回收率为 98 2 9% ,RSD =1 86 %。结论 :本法重现性好 ,可作为该制剂的质量控制指标     

高效液相色谱荧光法测定血浆中格拉司琼和阿霉素质量浓度

目的 :建立一种快速、简便测定血浆中格拉司琼 (GRN)和阿霉素 (ADM)质量浓度的方法。方法 :甲醇∶磷酸二氢胺(0 .0 1m ol/ L)∶冰乙酸 (70∶ 30∶ 0 .5 )为流动相 ,p H2 .9,流速 0 .5 m l/ min,CL C- ODS柱 (15 cm× 6 .0 m m,5 μm) ,荧光检测 ,GRN检测波长 :λex=310 nm和 λem=4 2 0 nm,ADM检测波长 :λex=4 95 nm和 λem=5 4 5 nm。结果 :GRN、ADM标准曲线的线性关系良好 ,相关系数分别为 r =0 .9998、 r =0 .9999,线性范围 :GRN为 2 5～ 12 5 μg/ L,ADM为 2 5 0～ 12 5 0 μg/ L。两药回收率分别为 85 .5 0 % ,84 .78% ,日内 RSD<5 .0 %。结论 :高效液相色谱法测定血浆中格拉司琼和阿霉素质量浓度操作简便、灵敏 ,可用于临床的血药浓度监测 ,两者互不干扰     

HPLC法测定东北红豆杉枝叶中10-脱乙酰巴卡亭的含量

目的　测定东北红豆杉枝叶中 10 -脱乙酰巴卡亭 (10 - deacetylbaccatin ,10 - DAB )的含量。方法　采用 RP- HPL C法。 C1 8色谱柱 (2 5 0 mm× 4 .6 mm ,5μm) ,甲醇 -乙腈 -水 (2 0∶ 30∶ 5 0 )作为流动相 ,检测波长为 2 33.9nm。结果　 10 - DAB 在 0 .0 0 4 75～ 0 .0 38μg与峰面积线性关系良好 (r=0 .9990 ) ,平均回收率为 10 0 .5 % ,RSD为 2 .0 %。结论　方法操作简便、灵敏度高、专属性强 ,可用于红豆枝叶中 10 - DAB 的质量控制。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.