Ticrynafen and hydrochlorothiazide. A double-blind study of antihypertensive properties with an open crossover.

Twenty-eight patients completed a double-blind study of the antihypertensive effects of ticrynafen compared with those of hydrochlorothiazide. The results of blood pressure reduction were comparable in the two groups. After six months, 12 patients were crossed over to ticrynafen therapy from hydrochlorothiazide. They maintained their blood pressure reduction. The most striking difference between the two groups was in the uric acid response. The uric acid level in the patients receiving hydrochlorothiazide therapy rose from a baseline of 5.9 to 7.5 mg/dL (normal range, 3.0 to 8.0 mg/dL). The uric acid level of those patients receiving ticrynafen therapy decreased from a baseline of 6.4 mg/dL to a low of 3.3 mg/dL. In view of ticrynafen's appreciable antihypertensive and uric-acid-lowering effects, it appears to be a useful new antihypertensive drug.     

阿托伐他汀钙对高血压患者的治疗作用及血清中细胞因子TNF-a、CRP、IL-4和IL-10的影响

目的 观察阿托伐他汀钙对高血压患者治疗前后血清中细胞因子的影响及其降压效果.方法 82例高血压病(EH)患者,随机分为2组:治疗组41例,每日晨服硝苯地平控释片30mg,晚睡前服阿托伐他汀钙20mg;对照组41例,服用硝苯地平控释片30mg,疗程均12周.于治疗前后采用酶联免疫法测定细胞因子TNF-a、IL-4和IL-...     

妊娠肝内胆汁淤积症患者总胆汁酸水平与胎儿宫内窘迫关系的探讨

目的 探讨妊娠肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)患者总胆汁酸(TBA)水平与胎儿宫内窘迫关系.方法 将357例ICP患者分非胎儿宫内窘迫组和胎儿宫内窘迫组,对两组总胆汁酸水平回顾性分析探讨.结果 胎儿宫内窘迫的发生率随TBA值的增加而增加,当TBA值上升至35μmol/L以上胎儿宫内窘迫的发生率明显上升.结论 TBA值是预测ICP患者胎儿宫内状况敏感指标之一.     

Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme. Alterations in hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and subacute thyroiditis

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity was measured in the serum samples of 247 patients with varying thyroid states. In 60 hyperthyroid patients, the mean (+/- SD) ACE level of 29.5 +/- 9.7 units/mL was higher than in all other groups. The serum ACE level was 17.0 +/- 5.1 units/mL in 129 euthyroid subjects and differed from the level of 13.9 +/- 5.1 units/mL observed in 34 hypothyroid patients. Twenty-four patients receiving exogenous thyroid hormone had elevated serum thyroxine values. Their mean serum triiodothyronine level was in the normal range, and the mean ACE level did not differ from the euthyroid mean. The mean serum ACE level fell from 30.8 to 17.4 units/mL in 35 hyperthyroid patients studied before and after therapy. In 12 hypothyroid subjects, the mean serum ACE level rose from 11.6 to 15.8 units/mL after thyroid hormone replacement. In eight of ten patients with transient hyperthyroidism (subacute thyroiditis or painless thyrotoxic thyroiditis), their highest ACE levels were observed in the hyperthyroid or transition phase and fell progressively with the lowest values being recorded during the hypothyroid or early recovery phases. Thus, ACE activity may respond to thyroid hormone, and interpretation of serum ACE levels may require knowledge of the patient's thyroid status. Serum ACE may be useful as a probe for exploring peripheral thyroid hormone action.     

老年2型糖尿病患者颈动脉病变与血清铜锌的关系

目的 探讨老年2型糖尿病患者大血管病变与血清微量元素的关系.方法 随机选择非老年2型糖尿病患者和老年2型糖尿病患者各90例,以90例健康体检者作为对照组.采用原子吸收光谱法测定血铜和血锌水平,超声检测颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT),同时检测患者血压、体重指数、血糖、血脂.将血铜和血锌水平与血压、体重指数、血糖、血脂和IMT值等进行Pearson相关性检验.结果 非老年组与老年组腰臀比和体重指数比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).与非老年组比较,老年组的血压、血清FPG、HbA1c、HOMA-IR、TC、TG和LDL-C水平更高,而血清HDL-C水平则更低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).与对照组比较,非老年组和老年组的血铜水平、铜/锌比值和IMT值显著升高,而血锌水平显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).与非老年组比较,老年组上述指标变化更明显(P＜0.05).直线相关分析显示:非老年组和老年组的血铜水平与IMT、FPG和HbA1c呈正相关;而血锌水平与IMT、FPG和HbA1c呈负相关.结论 老年糖尿病患者的血铜水平升高以及血锌水平降低可能是IMT增厚的一个因素.     

尤瑞克林对急性缺血性脑卒中患者高敏C反应蛋白和血管内皮生长因子的影响

目的探讨尤瑞克林对急性缺血性脑卒中(ACIS)患者高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的影响。方法将2011年8月至2012年8月平江县第一人民医院神经内科收治的60例ACIS患者按随机数字表法分为常规治疗组和尤瑞克林组,每组30例。两组均给予抗血小板聚集、改善脑循环、病因治疗及神经康复等常规治疗,在此基础上,尤瑞克林组予尤瑞克林治疗,0.15肽核酸U尤瑞克林+100 mL氯化钠注射液静脉滴注,每日1次,共治疗14 d。观察两组患者治疗前后的血清hs-CRP及VEGF水平并进行对比分析。结果两组血清hs-CRP治疗前分别为(12.41±3.76)mg/L、(11.82±3.88)mg/L,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组治疗后血清hs-CRP分别为(6.06±2.61)mg/L、(8.92±3.43)mg/L,与本组治疗前比较,血清hs-CRP值均下降(P<0.05),组间比较,尤瑞克林组下降显著,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组血清VEGF治疗前分别为(212.88±87.25)ng/L、(205.64±86.73)ng/L,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组治疗后血清VEGF分别为(280.53±86.33)ng/L、(241.47±86.62)ng/L,与本组治疗前比较,血清VEGF值均升高(P<0.05),组间比较,尤瑞克林组升高更显著,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论尤瑞克林能减轻脑缺血后的炎性反应,促进局部血管再生,保护缺血脑组织。     

氯沙坦对原发性高血压患者血清尿酸及肾小球滤过率的影响

目的探讨氯沙坦对原发性高血压患者的降压疗效以及对血清尿酸（UA）及肾小球滤过率（GFR）的影响。方法选取原发性高血压患者80例随机分成氯沙坦组（氯沙坦钾片50mg,40例）和对照组（贝那普利片10mg,40例）。总疗程共8周,治疗前后分别测血UA水平及肾功能,计算GFR。结果两组患者血压与治疗前比较均显著降低（P〈0．05）,两组降压效果无显著差异（P〉0．05）。氯沙坦组治疗8周后血清UA水平与治疗前比较显著降低（P〈0．05）,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。两组患者治疗8周后GFR均较治疗前显著升高（P〈0．05）,但组间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论氯沙坦和贝那普利均有具有良好的降压效果和肾脏保护作用,但氯沙坦在肾脏保护的同时独有降低UA的作用。     

Treatment of arterial hypertension with tienilic acid, a new diuretic with uricosuric properties.

Tienilic acid--2,3-dichloro-4-(2-thienyl-carbonyl)phenoxyacetic acid--is a new diuretic with uricosuric properties. Nineteen patients with moderate arterial hypertension were treated for 5 consecutive weeks in a randomized fashion in a double-blind study with either tienilic acid or hydrochlorothiazide. Blood pressure was significantly reduced and to the same degree with both drugs. In 7 of the 11 patients receiving tienilic acid the daily dose was increased from 250 to 500 mg after 2 weeks, and in 2 of the 8 patients taking hydrochlorothiazide the daily dose was increased from 50 to 100 mg. Because of the potent uricosuric action of tienilic acid the mean serum urate concentration decreased from 6.3 to 3.3 mg/dL in the patients taking the drug. In contrast, the patients receiving hydrochlorothiazide the mean serum urate concentration increased from 6.1 to 7.8 mg/dL. Moderate hypokalemia of almost identical degree (mean serum potassium values 3.6 and 3.5 mmol/L) and mild metabolic alkalosis were observed in both groups. Tienilic acid had a marked hypocalciuric effect, which was of the same magnitude as the observed with hydrochlorothiazide. During the 5 weeks of treatment no significant change in renal or liver function was observed in either group. There were no hematologic complications and the drug was remarkably well tolerated. Tienilic acid, because of its unique character as a diuretic, hypouricemic and antihypertensive agent, should become the preferred drug for the treatment of arterial hypertension.     

缬沙坦对中老年高血压伴永久性房颤患者的临床疗效及内皮、炎症因子的影响

目的：探讨缬沙坦对中老年高血压伴永久性心房颤动患者的临床效果及对内皮因子和炎症因子的影响。方法：将中老年原发性轻中度1~2级高血压伴永久性房颤患者71例,按随机数字表法分为研究组（37例）和对照组（34例）,其中研究组采用缬沙坦治疗,对照组采用氨氯地平治疗;比较两组治疗前及治疗12周后血压、血浆血管假性血友病因子（VWF）、超敏C反应蛋白（Hs-CRP）、白介素6（IL-6）、一氧化氮（NO）水平。结果：两组患者治疗后血压均明显下降（P〈0.05）;两组间治疗前后对比,血压水平无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。两组患者治疗后Hs-CRP、VWF、IL-6水平明显降低,NO水平明显升高,与治疗前相比,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;其中治疗后研究组Hs-CRP、VWF、IL-6水平显著降低,NO水平明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论：缬沙坦和氨氯地平都能显著降压,有效改善血管内皮功能;且缬沙坦除降压作用,还具有消炎作用,对于高血压伴永久性房颤治疗效果显著,并对预防心脑血管事件有一定意义。     

超早期强化降压对脑出血血肿扩大、血浆基质金属蛋白酶-9及神经功能的影响

目的  探讨超早期强化降压治疗对基底节区脑出血血肿扩大、血浆基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）-9、脑水肿和神经功能的影响。方法  前瞻性纳入发病4 h内的脑出血患者134例,随机分为两组,强化降压组（67例）完成3次颅脑CT检查的患者为60例,普通降压组（67例）完成3次颅脑CT检查的患者为62例。分别在开始治疗后的1 h内采用静脉点滴降压药物使收缩压控制在130～140 mmHg、160～180 mmHg,并维持24 h。于治疗前、后进行美国国立卫生院神经功能缺损（NIHSS）评分、改良Rankin量表（mRS）评分、血浆MMP-9水平测定、颅脑CT检查,计算血肿量、血肿扩大例数和水肿量,进行组间比较。结果  治疗后14 d强化降压组NIHSS评分明显低于普通降压组（P <0.05）,治疗后90 d强化降压组评分为中重度残疾或死亡患者的比例明显低于普通降压组（P <0.05）。强化降压组治疗后24 h血肿量、血肿扩大患者比例明显小于普通降压组（均P <0.05）。强化降压组治疗后5 d水肿量、血浆MMP-9水平明显低于普通降压组（均P <0.05）。结论  基底节区脑出血患者超早期强化降压治疗能够减少血肿扩大、降低血浆MMP-9水平、减轻脑水肿,进而改善患者的神经功能。

     

辅酶Q10、苯那普利及二药合用治疗高血压疗效比较

目的 :比较辅酶Q10 、苯那普利以及辅酶Q10 苯那普利三组药物治疗原发性高血压疗效。方法 :采用随机、单盲的方法 ,运用 2 4小时动态血压监测。结果 :两药均能显著降低血压 ,但组间比较无显著性差异 ;两药联合治疗优于任一单一用药治疗 (P <0 0 5 )。各组均有较高的谷 /峰比值。结论 :辅酶Q10 是一疗效确实、安全的降压药物 ,与苯那普利合用有更强的降压作用。     

右美托咪定对腹腔镜下阑尾切除术患者肝肾功能及应激反应的影响

目的研究分析右美托咪定对腹腔镜下阑尾切除术患者肝肾功能及应激反应的影响。方法以解放军第九四医院收治的128例行腹腔镜阑尾切除术的患者为研究对象,随机分成联合组和单用组,各64例。联合组采用右美托咪定加丙泊酚进行麻醉诱导和维持,而单用组采用丙泊酚进行麻醉诱导和维持。对麻醉前、插管后1min、术后5min的血清皮质醇和儿茶酚胺水平进行测定,同时测定术前及术后的肝肾功能。结果单用组丙泊酚诱导剂量以及维持剂量均明显高于联合组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;两组患者插管后1min血清皮质醇、肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素水平均较麻醉前明显降低（P〈0．05）,术后5rain单用组患者肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素水平较麻醉前均明显升高（P〈0．05）;两组患者术后5min血清多巴胺水平均较麻醉前明显上升（P〈0．05）;两组患者术后尿素氮水平较麻醉前明显降低,血糖较麻醉前明显升高（P〈0．05）。结论右美托咪定联合小剂量丙？白酚可以有效减少气管插管时的应激反应,并使丙泊酚的使用剂量减少,对肝肾功能无明显影响,值得在临床实践中加以推广应用。     

肝硬化患者糖代谢、血清胰岛素及胰高血糖素的变化

目的观察肝硬化患者糖代谢变化,探讨其可能机制与肝储备功能的关系。方法 46例肝硬化患者进行口服糖耐量试验、胰岛素释放试验及胰高血糖素的测定,并与同期住院36例非肝病患者进行比较。结果肝硬化组和对照组空腹血糖均正常,分别为（5.0±2.8）mmol/L和（4.9±1.9）mmol/L（P〉0.05）;餐后2h,肝硬化组血糖为（10.4±5.2）mmol/L,对照组血糖为（7.8±2.2）mmol/L,肝硬化组血糖升高更为明显（P〈0.05）。两组空腹血清胰岛素均正常,分别为（17.2±6.3）Um/L和（10.2±7.0）Um/L（P〉0.05）;餐后2h,肝硬化组胰岛素为（55.9±11.2）Um/L,对照组胰岛素为（35.7±12.2）Um/L,肝硬化组胰岛素升高更为明显（P〈0.05）。肝硬化患者胰高血糖素较对照组明显增高,分别为（256.14±76.1）ng/L和（67.9±26.6）ng/L（P〈0.05）。结论肝硬化患者糖代谢异常,且随肝功损害加重,胰高血糖素增高,提示胰岛素抵抗参与其发生过程。     

老年脑梗塞血液黏滞度变化相关性分析

目的 :探讨老年脑梗塞血液黏滞度变化的规律及临床意义。方法 :通过测定 86例老年脑梗塞血液黏滞度和血脂水平 ,并进行临床多因素相关性分相反。结果 :脑梗塞血液黏滞度升高。男性 ,发病 3 d以内 ,多次脑梗塞 ,合并糖尿病 ,慢阻肺时血液黏滞度升高。结论 :老年脑梗塞血液黏滞度升高程度与临床多种因素有关     

瘦素、IL-6水平与慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者病情的关系

目的:探讨瘦素、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平与慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者病情严重程度的关系。方法:选取我科收治的36例急性加重期患者及40例临床缓解期患者,分别检测两组患者血清瘦素、IL-6水平,其中对急性加重期患者测两次,分别为治疗前及治疗2周后,并对两组患者血气指标进行监测比较,对急性加重期患者血清瘦素水平与其血气指标进行相关性分析。结果:急性加重期患者治疗前血清瘦素及IL-6水平明显高于临床缓解期患者(P<0.05),治疗后血清瘦素及IL-6水平与临床缓解期患者比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。急性加重期患者治疗前PaCO2明显高于临床缓解期患者,PaO2及SaO2明显低于临床缓解期患者(P<0.05),两组患者治疗后各血气指标无显著差异(P>0.05)。急性加重期患者血清瘦素水平与PaCO2呈正相关,与PaO2及SaO2呈负相关。结论:慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者急性加重期时血清瘦素和IL-6水平明显增高,这两种因子可能与疾病的发生和发展相关,临床上通过检测其水平可判断病情严重程度,并可作为反映全身炎症反应程度的重要指标。     

Serum insulin levels in diabetics after subcutaneous administration of Rapitard insulin.

Circulating levels of immunoreactive inculin were measured in six diabetics after the subcutaneous injection of Rapitard insulin. Serum insulin levels rose within 15 minutes, with a peak level generally at one to three hours. A biphasic effect was observed in some but not all patients. There was poor correlation among the six patients between the blood glucose levels and serum insulin levels, and between the injected dose and the serum levels.     

轻症肺炎急性期IL-6对鉴别支原体感染的意义

目的探讨轻症支气管肺炎急性期IL-6在早期鉴别支原体肺炎中的意义。方法收集宁波市鄞州人民医院儿科2011年1月_2012年6月收治的轻症支气管肺炎患儿137例,其中支原体肺炎患儿62例,作为观察组,非支原体肺炎患儿75例,作为对照组,健康体检儿童30例,作为健康体检组。所有研究对象分别检查血常规、CRP、IL-6及相关临床指标,回顾性分析各组患儿的1L-6、CRP情况。结果所有患儿中支原体肺炎的发病率为45．26％。急性期支原体肺炎患儿IL-6水平较非支原体肺炎及健康体检组明显升高（P〈0．05）,急性期支原体肺炎CRP阳性患儿血清IL-6水平明显高于非支原体肺炎组CRP阳性患儿（P〈0．05）,急性期支原体肺炎CRP阴性患儿血清IL-6水平与非支原体肺炎组CRP阴性患儿间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论急性期人院的轻症肺炎患儿中若IL-6明显增高,则支原体感染的可能性大,若伴CRP同步增高则往往可以临床诊断支原体肺炎。     

不同剂量氯吡格雷对急性冠脉综合征患者的氯吡格雷抵抗及超敏C反应蛋白、P选择素水平的影响

目的评价给予不同剂量氯吡格雷的急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者氯吡格雷抵抗(CR)发生情况及对血小板聚集率和血清相关炎症因子水平的影响。方法选择ACS患者128例,随机分为两组,A组于确诊后即刻给予负荷量氯吡格雷300 mg,后服用维持量75 mg/d,B组于确诊后即刻给予负荷量600 mg,后服用维持量150 mg/d。分别于服药前和服药后3 d采用比浊法测定二磷酸腺苷(ADP)诱导的血小板聚集率;并于介入手术前、术后24 h和术后3 d分别抽取外周血,酶联免疫吸附法测定超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)和P选择素水平。结果①B组的CR发生率低于A组(P<0.05)。②两组中发生CR者血小板抑制率均低于氯吡格雷反应正常者,而B组在氯吡格雷反应正常及发生CR的情况下血小板抑制率均高于A组(P<0.05)。③两组中发生CR者术后24 h及术后3 d血清hs-CRP和P选择素水平均高于药物反应正常者,而B组在药物反应正常及发生CR的情况下均较A组更有效降低血清hs-CRP、P-选择素水平(P<0.05)。结论对于ACS患者,相对于负荷量300 mg+维持量75 mg/d,给予负荷量600 mg+维持量150 mg/d的氯吡格雷可减少CR的发生率,并更有效地抑制血小板聚集及降低血清相关炎症因子水平。     

Digoxin toxicity: clinical and laboratory assessment

A prospective study to correlate clinical digoxin toxicity with serum digoxin levels was carried out in 67 patients of whom 24 were clinically toxic and 43 were asymptomatic. The patients were clinically diagnosed to be toxic based on typical cardiac arrhythmias (n = 11) or non-cardiac symptoms (n = 13). Blood samples were collected at least six hours after the last digoxin dose and the sera assayed for digoxin using a radioimmunoassay method. The mean serum digoxin level in the toxic group (x1 = 2.09 +/- 1.28 ng/ml) was significantly higher than in the non-toxic group (x2 = 1.20 +/- 0.75 ng/ml), p less than 0.01. All the non-toxic patients had serum digoxin levels below 3 ng/ml. However, there was a considerable overlap of serum digoxin levels between the two groups of patients. Serum level cannot be the sole criterion in diagnosing digoxin toxicity. Nevertheless, raised serum digoxin levels especially above 3 ng/ml, in the presence of suggestive clinical features is strongly suggestive of toxicity.     

脑苷肌肽对体外循环下心脏瓣膜置换术患者血清S100B蛋白和神经元特异性烯醇化酶浓度的影响

目的 探讨体外循环（CPB）下心脏瓣膜置换术患者血清S100B蛋白和神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）的浓度变化以及脑苷肌肽对S100B蛋白和NSE浓度的影响。方法40例CPB下心脏瓣膜置换术患者,随机分为脑苷肌肽组（A组）和对照组（B组）,每组20例。A组于麻醉诱导后静脉注射脑苷肌肽20ml（每毫升含神经节苷脂50μg、多肽3．2mg）,B组给予等容积生理盐水。分别于给药前（T1）、CPB结束（1、2）及结束后2h（13）、6h（T4）、24h（T5）各时间点采集颈内静脉球部血,以免疫夹心双抗体酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）法测定血清SIOOB蛋白及NSE浓度。结果两组S100B蛋白及NSE浓度在CPB结束达到峰值,随后持续下降,CPB后24h（T5）S100B浓度基本恢复至基础值水平（T1）,而NSE浓度仍高于基础值。组间比较显示B组S100B浓度在1、2、13、T4和T5时间点均明显高于A组（P〈0．05）,B组NSE浓度在1、2、13和T4时间点亦明显高于A组（P〈0．05）。结论脑苷肌肽可减少体外循环心脏瓣膜置换术患者S100B蛋白及NSE的释放,可能具有一定的脑保护作用。