脂糖舒对肥胖大鼠胰岛素抵抗和脂质过氧化的影响

目的探讨脂糖舒对营养性肥胖大鼠胰岛素抵抗和脂质过氧化的影响。方法Wistar大鼠随机分成正常组、模型组、脂糖舒-1组(1.0g/kg)和脂糖舒-2组(2.0g/kg),每组10只。正常组喂普通饲料,模型组用高脂高糖饲料喂养9周诱导营养性肥胖大鼠模型,脂糖舒高低剂量组用高脂高糖饲料喂养并用不同剂量的脂糖舒(1.0g/kg,2.0g/kg)灌胃给药。测定与胰岛素抵抗相关的各项指标及血清SOD、GSH-Px活性和MDA的含量。结果脂糖舒能有效地控制肥胖大鼠的腹内脂肪质量、Lee’s指数、胰岛素抵抗指数(IRI)以及血糖的增加,显著增强SOD、GSH-Px活性,降低血清MDA的含量(P<0.01);同时还能提高肥胖大鼠的胰岛素敏感性指数(ISI),与模型组比较,P<0.01,差异有显著性。且脂糖舒两剂量组间降低IRI和升高ISI作用呈量效正相关(P<0.01)。结论脂糖舒对营养性肥胖大鼠血糖、胰岛素抵抗及脂质过氧化有明显的改善作用。     

盐酸西布曲明对单纯性肥胖大鼠血脂和心功能改变的影响

目的:研究盐酸西布曲明对单纯性肥胖大鼠减肥作用及心功能改变的影响。方法:给刚断奶的雄性W ister大鼠饲喂营养性饲料8周后,养成营养性肥胖模型,分组给药,连续6周。结果:盐酸西布曲明每日10m g/kg,灌胃给药,能明显降低单纯性肥胖大鼠的体重、Lee's指数及血清甘油三酯水平。降低肥胖大鼠左心室收缩压、明显降低左心室舒张末压、增加左心室最大收缩速率及增加左心室最大舒张速率。结论:盐酸西布曲明灌胃给药对单纯性肥胖大鼠有明显的减肥降脂作用及改善心功能作用。     

脂糖舒对糖尿病大鼠肝功能的影响

目的观察脂糖舒对糖尿病大鼠肝功能的影响。方法腹腔注射链脲霉素制作糖尿病大鼠模型,用不同剂量脂糖舒(0.5g/kg和1.0g/kg)灌胃,1次/d,连续8周,并取健康大鼠作正常对照。测定各组大鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)的活性及葡萄糖(Glu)、甘油三酯(TG)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(Alb)和总胆红素(Bil)的含量;并测定肝组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的活性;称肝脏重量和体重及计算肝系数和白蛋白/球蛋白(A/G)比值。结果1模型组大鼠血清ALT、AST和肝组织LDH活性及血清Glu、TG、FFA和肝组织MDA含量及肝系数显著高于正常组,而血清Alb含量、A/G比值和肝组织SOD活性显著低于正常组;2与模型组比较脂糖舒两组血清ALT、AST和肝组织LDH活性及血清Glu、TG、FFA和肝组织MDA含量显著降低;而血清Alb含量、A/G比值及肝组织SOD活性显著升高;3与脂糖舒-1组比较脂糖舒-2组血清ALT、AST和肝组织LDH活性及血清Glu、TG、FFA和肝组织MDA含量显著降低,而肝组织SOD活性显著升高;4TP和Bil含量各组间无显著性差异。结论脂糖舒对糖尿病大鼠肝功能有明显的改善作用。     

沙苑子提取物降脂作用实验研究

目的观察沙苑子提取液对实验性高脂血症大鼠血脂及肝脏中脂肪(粗)含量的影响。方法用Wistar大鼠建立高脂血症动物模型,用酶学的方法观察各组大鼠血清中甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)含量的变化。用索式法测定各组大鼠肝脏中脂肪(粗)含量。结果沙苑子水提取液、油提取液、50％乙醇提取液和95％乙醇提取液大剂量(90g／kg)使用15d,可显著降低实验性高脂血症大鼠血中TC、TG的含量及肝脏中脂肪(粗)的含量,水提液小剂量组(20g／kg)和油提液中剂量组(45g／kg)可显著升高血清中HDL-c的含量,其作用优于对照药物绞股蓝总甙组,与高脂模型组比较有极显著性差异(P＜0.001)。结论沙苑子提取液有降低实验性高脂血症大鼠血清中TG、TC、LDL-c的含量和升高HDL-c作用;同时可降低高脂血症大鼠肝脏中脂肪(粗)含量。     

实验性2型糖尿病心肌病大鼠模型的建立与评价

目的 建立和评价2型糖尿病心肌病(DC)大鼠模型,探究高糖脂饮食在模型建立中的作用.方法 将雄性Wistar大鼠随机分成正常对照组、高糖脂饮食组和高糖脂负荷小剂量STZ组.高糖高脂膳食诱导11周负荷小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)(30 mg/kg)腹腔注射建立DC模型,并观察糖代谢、脂代谢和心功能的变化.结果 ①大鼠经高糖高脂饲料诱导4周后,与正常对照组相比,胆固醇(TCH)和甘油三酯(TG)均显著增高(P<0.05),血糖值没有明显变化(P>0.05).②大鼠注射30 mg/kg STZ后72 h,血糖水平开始升高,继续以高糖高脂饲料喂养6周后,与正常对照组比较,高糖脂饮食组和高糖脂负荷小剂量STZ组大鼠TG、TCH维持高水平,差异有显著性(P<0.05);高糖脂负荷小剂量STZ组大鼠血糖值持续高水平,与正常对照组差异有显著性(P<0.001).③心功能测量结果显示,高糖脂饮食组大鼠出现温和的心脏功能异常(左心室收缩压降低,左心室舒张末压升高);高糖脂负荷小剂量STZ组大鼠左心室收缩和舒张功能均出现异常(LVSP、每搏输出量、心排量降低,LVEDP、左心室最大舒张速率升高),但以舒张功能异常为主.结论 大鼠高糖脂饮食诱导负荷小剂量STZ可建立类似临床症状的2型DC模型,高糖脂饮食在糖脂代谢紊乱和心脏功能损伤过程中有重要作用,结合糖、脂代谢指标和心脏功能指标可以有效简便评价糖尿病心肌病模型.     

中国肥胖人群体脂分布特点及其与心血管危险因素的关系

目的 探讨中国肥胖人群体脂分布特点及其与心血管危险因素的关系。方法 横断面研究,体脂分布采用计算机断层扫描对309例志愿受试者在腰椎4～5间隙水平进行腹壁皮下脂肪面积(SA)及腹腔内脏器脂肪面积(VA)的测量,并计算VA与SA的比值(VSR),同时测量收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP),空腹甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c),血尿酸(UA),体质量(W)、身高(H),并计算体重指数(BMI)。结果 ①无论男女,其VSR均高于欧美肥胖人群;内脏型肥胖(VFO)的年龄、TG及LDL-c均显著的高于腹壁皮下型肥胖(SFO);在男性,VFO的TC、UA高于SFO。②以VSR在男女两组配对分析,发现男性UA、TG水平均高于女性受试者。③偏相关分析,在校正年龄和BMI后,无论男女,VSR与TG、LDL-c呈正相关,SA与LDL-c呈负相关;在男性,VA与SBP呈正相关,SA与TG呈负相关;在女性,VA与TG、LDL-c呈正相关,SA与LDL-c负相关,与HDL-c、UA呈正相关。④多元逐步回归分析显示,在男性受试者,SA、VA和VSR分别是TG和LDL-c、SBP以及TC的独立危险因素;在女性受试者,BMI和SA是影响SBP、UA和HDL-c的重要因素,VSR是TG、LDL-c的独立危险因素。结论 在中国肥胖人群,体脂分布以中心性肥胖为特点;其心血管危险因素不仅与全身性肥胖有关,更与体脂分布(腹型肥胖)有关;全身性肥胖或腹型肥胖与心血管危险因素的关系存在性别差异。     

脂糖舒对老龄糖尿病大鼠治疗作用的实验观察

目的:观察脂糖舒对老龄糖尿病大鼠的治疗作用.方法:选择20～23月龄老龄大鼠皮下注射四氧嘧啶制备老龄糖尿病大鼠模型,并取4～7月龄大鼠(青龄)与老龄大鼠作对照,分别用等容量生理盐水和两种不同剂量的脂糖舒(Ⅰ组1 g/kg,Ⅱ组2 g/kg)灌胃30天,测定各组大鼠空腹血清葡萄糖(Glu)、甘油三酯(TG)、非酯化脂肪酸(NEFA)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性.计算体重指数(BMI)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的含量.结果:①老龄健康大鼠血清TC、LDL-C、NEFA和MDA含量显著升高,HDL-C含量和SOD、GSH-PX及CAT活性显著降低,与青龄对照组比较,P<0.05～0.01,而BMI、GlU、TG和NEFA差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);②大小剂量脂糖舒均能显著降低老龄糖尿病模型大鼠的高血糖、高血脂和高MDA含量;升高HDL-C含量和SOD、GSH-PX及CAT活性,且呈量效关系.结论:脂糖舒对老年糖尿病有明显的治疗作用.     

扶脾抑胃法推拿对单纯性肥胖大鼠体脂及血脂含量的影响

目的:探讨扶脾抑胃法推拿对单纯性肥胖大鼠体脂及血脂含量的影响.方法:采用高脂高糖饮食制备营养性肥胖大鼠模型.将造模成功的46只肥胖大鼠随机分为肥胖模型组、扶脾抑胃法推拿组和药物治疗组,另选15只正常大鼠作为空白对照组.观察各组实验大鼠治疗前后体质量、腹内脂肪含量、血清中总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(HⅡ)L)、高密度脂蛋白(LDL)含量的变化情况.结果:扶脾抑胃法推拿能够有效降低实验大鼠的体质量(P＜0.01)和腹内脂肪含量(P＜0.05),同时可以降低实验大鼠血清中CHOL、TG、LDL的含量(P＜0.01,P＜0.05),提高HDL含量.结论:扶脾抑胃法推拿能够有效改善实验大鼠肥胖及高血脂状态,且疗效优于药物疗法而无任何毒副作用.     

桑枝颗粒对糖尿病大鼠的作用研究

目的：研究桑枝颗粒对糖尿病大鼠糖脂代谢的影响。方法：采用四氧嘧啶复制糖尿病大鼠模型,灌胃给药4周后测定空腹血糖（FPG）、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）、游离脂肪酸（FFA）。结果糖尿病模型大鼠的FPG、TG、TC、LDL-c、FFA含量显著高于正常对照组大鼠,HDL-c含量明显低于正常大鼠,差异具有显著性（P〈0.05）;桑枝颗粒治疗组FPG、TG、TC、LDL-c、FFA显著降低,HDL-c显著升高,与对照组比较,差异具有显著性（P〈0.01）。结论桑枝颗粒可降低糖尿病大鼠的血糖及改善血脂紊乱。     

甲状腺机能障碍患者血脂及载脂蛋白A_Ⅰ、B_(100)、C_Ⅱ及C_Ⅲ的研究

对30例甲亢、23例甲减患者治疗前后和20例正常对照者测定血清T_C、T_G、HDL-c、LDL-c和apoA_1、B_(100)、C_Ⅱ及C_Ⅲ浓度。结果,甲亢患者上述血脂及apo浓度均有不同程度下降。其中HDL-c和apo A_1下降程度较轻,LDL-c/HDL-c和apo B_(100)/A_1比值明显下降;甲减患者相反,Tc/HDL-c和Tc/apoA_1比值明显升高,为冠心病发生率在甲亢时降低和甲减时升高找到了恰当的解释。同时发现,甲减患者血清TG比Tc-升高更明显,血清aim C_Ⅱ/C_Ⅲ比值下降可能是引起甲减患者血清TG升高的一个重要原因;血清甲状腺激素在多方面参与脂代谢的调节;恢复甲状腺功能的治疗是纠正其脂代谢紊乱的关键。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.