甲状腺素片佐治老年慢性心力衰竭病人疗效观察

目的:在常规抗心力衰竭治疗基础上,观察小剂量左甲状腺素钠片对老年人慢性心力衰竭的影响。方法:老年慢性充血性心力衰竭(CHF)伴甲状腺功能病态综合征(ESS)56例,随机分成对照组26例,常规抗心衰治疗;观察组30例,在常规抗心衰治疗基础上加用左甲状腺素钠片25~50μg,1次/天,4周后比较两组心衰症状、心功能指标、甲状腺激素水平的差异。结果:治疗4周后观察组与对照组心衰症状均有改善,血浆T3、左室射血分数(LVEF)治疗前后同组间比较明显升高;治疗后观察组血浆T3、LVEF明显升高。结论:老年慢性心力衰竭病人,补充小剂量甲状腺素,使血浆甲状腺素水平提高,有助于心功能的改善。     

小剂量甲状腺素治疗重症心力衰竭疗效观察

目的：观察小剂量甲状腺素在重症充血性心力衰竭中的疗效。方法：将心功能Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级34例随机分成对照组和观察组，测定两组的甲状腺激素水平，观察组给予小剂量甲状腺素治疗，观察其疗效。结果：两组均有不同程度的T3（三碘甲腺原胺酸）、FT3（游离甲状腺胺酸）降低，rT3（反三碘甲腺原胺酸）升高，TSH（促甲状腺素）正常，Ⅳ级心功能者还伴有T4（甲状腺素）、FT4（游离甲状腺素）明显下降（P〈0．01）；观察组经治疗后显效率及总有效率均明显高于对照组（P〈0．01）；观察组治疗后各心功能指标均优于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论：重症心力衰竭多伴有甲状腺激素变化，小剂量补充甲状腺素能提高血中游离甲状腺素含量，对纠正重症心衰有效，且无明显不良反应。     

小剂量甲状腺素治疗慢性充血性心力衰竭伴低T3综合征的疗效观察

目的观察小剂量左旋甲状腺素治疗慢性充血性心力衰竭心功能Ⅲ～Ⅳ级伴低T3综合征的临床治疗效果和安全性。方法选择慢性充血性心力衰竭心功能Ⅲ～Ⅳ级伴低B综合征患者40例，随机分为治疗组和对照组，治疗组在常规心衰治疗基础上加口服左旋甲状腺素（L-T4）25～50μg／d治疗，疗程为12周。比较两组治疗前后血清甲状腺激素水平、左室射血分数（LVEF）、左窒舒张术期（LVDD）、E峰从峰比（E／A），心输出量（CO）、心率变化（HR）以及新发心律失常、急性冠脉综合征发生情况。，结果治疗组治疗后甲状腺激素水平较治疗前明显上升（P〈0．05）。两组心功能LVEF、LVDD、CO、E／A治疗后较治疗前有明显改善．差异最著有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；治疗后治疗组心功能LVEF、LVDD、CO、E／A较对照组有明显改善，差异显著有统计学意义（P〈0．05）．．结论存慢性充血性心力衰竭心功能Ⅲ～Ⅳ级伴低T3综合征患者积极补充小剂量左旋甲状腺素可明显改善患者心功能和提高患者生存质量，本研究认为中短期应用小剂量左旋甲状腺素治疗CHF伴低T3综合征是一种安全有效可行的辅助治疗疗法．     

老年慢性心衰患者甲状腺激素水平变化的临床研究

目的探讨老年慢性充血性心衰(CHF)患者甲状腺激素水平变化及其临床意义。方法采用化学发光法测定100例心功能Ⅱ~Ⅳ级患者(心衰组)和44例心功能正常患者(对照组)血清甲状腺素水平,包括总三碘甲状腺原氨酸(TT3)、总甲状腺素(TT4)、促甲状腺素(TSH),同时进行比较分析。随后将心衰组进行常规抗心衰治疗1个月后再次复查甲状腺激素水平,观察治疗前后各指标变化。结果与对照组比较,心衰组TT3水平明显降低(P<0.01),且随心功能程度加重,降低越明显,在心功能IV时还伴有TT4下降(P<0.01),而TSH各组间与对照组比较无明显变化(P>0.05)。心衰组经抗心衰治疗后TT3水平有所恢复,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论动态监测心衰患者TT3水平变化可作为评价心衰严重程度、治疗效果及预后的一项指标。     

法舒地尔对老年慢性充血性心衰患者心功能及脑钠肽的影响

目的探讨Rho激酶(ROCK)抑制剂法舒地尔对老年慢性充血性心力衰竭(CHF)患者心功能及脑钠肽(BNP)水平的影响。方法将120例NYHA心功能Ⅲ～Ⅳ级的老年患者分为两组:(1)对照组60例给予常规抗心衰治疗(强心剂、利尿剂、β-受体阻滞剂及ACEI/ARB等);(2)治疗组60例在对照组常规抗心衰治疗基础上加用法舒地尔静脉滴注,两组患者均治疗14 d,观察治疗前、后6 min步行距离、左室射血分数(LVEF)及血浆BNP水平的变化。结果治疗14 d后,同常规抗心衰治疗组相比,加用法舒地尔组患者临床有效率、6min步行距离及LVEF明显提高,BNP显著降低(P<0.05)。结论法舒地尔结合常规抗心衰治疗能够明显改善老年CHF患者的临床症状及心功能指标,疗效优于单纯常规药物治疗。     

黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制剂治疗慢性心衰39例

目的探讨黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制剂在慢性心衰中的应用效果。方法选取本院2011年3月-2012年9月诊治的慢性心衰患者77例,根据治疗方案分为两组:38例患者采用常规治疗为对照组;39例患者在常规治疗基础上口服黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制剂为观察组。治疗2周后比较两组患者相关指标的改善情况和心功能分级情况。结果治疗后,两组患者血尿酸、内皮素、B型钠尿肽均明显降低(P<0.01),两组患者左室射血分数均明显升高(P<0.01),两组患者心功能分级情况均明显改善(P<0.01)。观察组患者血尿酸、内皮素、B型钠尿肽均明显低于对照组,观察组患者左室射血分数明显高于对照组,观察组患者心功能分级情况明显好于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制剂是治疗慢性心衰的有效药物,可明显降低患者体内的氧化应激水平,改善血管的内皮功能和舒张功能,提高左室射血分数,改善心功能状况。     

美托洛尔对42例慢性充血性心衰患者心功能和运动耐量的影响

目的 探讨美托洛尔对慢性充血性心衰患的心功能和运动耐量的影响。方法 慢性充血性心衰患４２例，分为缺血性心肌病和扩张型心肌病两组，在常规抗心衰治疗基础上，咖用小剂量美托洛尔，治疗前后监测左室射血分数，舒张早期与晚期充孕峰速度及二比率，心功能分级和运动耐量变化。结果 扩张型心肌病组各项指标改善优于缺血性心肌病组。结论 美托洛尔能抑制慢性充血性心衰患过度兴奋的交感神经，减少其对心肌的不良作用，提     

硝酸甘油联合黄芪注射液治疗充血性心力衰竭26例疗效观察

目的:观察硝酸甘油联用黄芪注射液治疗充血性心力衰竭(CHF)的疗效.方法:CHF患者46例,随机分为对照组20例,治疗组26例.对照组给予常规治疗,治疗组给予联用、黄芪注射液,以15 d为1疗程进行疗效比较.结果:对照组的总有效率为70%,治疗组为88%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),治疗组对每搏输出量、输出量、左室射血分数、心功能的改善效果优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:黄芪注射液具有协同强心、改善心功能之功效,且在应用过程中未发现明显副作用,可作为CHF患者的一种重要的辅助治疗药物.     

小剂量螺内酯联合卡维地洛治疗慢性心力衰竭的疗效观察

 目的 探讨小剂量螺内酯联合卡维地洛治疗慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者的临床疗效.方法 将136例CHF患者随机分为两组,每组68例,两组均使用常规治疗,观察组再加用小剂量螺内酯和卡维地洛治疗,随访10个月,评估心功能分级变化,超声心动图测量左室舒张末期内径(LVDD),左室收缩末期内径(LVSD),左室射血分数(LVEF),每搏输出量(SV),心脏指数(CI).结果 (1)两组治疗后均有效,观察组心功能改善显著,总有效率明显优于对照组(92.5% VS 73.5%,P＜0.05),(2)观察组超声心动图测量的各项指标变化显著.结论 CHF患者长期使用小剂量螺内酯和卡维地洛有益于改善心功能,提高生活质量.     

生脉注射液治疗老年难治性心衰的临床观察

目的观察生脉注射液治疗老年难治性心衰的临床疗效和不良反应。方法将临床确诊为老年难治性心力衰竭患者按心功能NYHA分级标准进行分级8,0例患者随机分为对照组(40例),观察组(40例),对照组予以常规西药治疗,观察组在西药常规治疗的基础上给予生脉注射液治疗,疗程结束后对两组的临床效果进行比较。结果两组患者临床症状﹑多普勒超声心动图﹑疗效比较有显著性差异(p<0.01),观察组无明显不良反应,综合疗效优于对照组。结论生脉注射液联合西药常规治疗,能更有效纠正心衰,改善心功能,且无明显不良反应。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.