共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 781 毫秒
1.
U. Hoffmann 《Der Radiologe》1997,37(5):351-358
Summary
Tumors of the heart are very rare. Due to the nonspecific clinical presentation the diagnosis is usually made by radiological
procedures. Cardiac myxomas and thrombi are the most common cardiac masses. Two-dimensional echocardiography is the method
of choice for the initial evaluation of cardiac tumors, because it permits the accurate determination of the tumor's size,
localization, point of attachment, mobility and haemodynamic significance. Inadequate or nondiagnostic ultrasound examination
and the need for preoperative assessment are indications for further examinations, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
and computed tomography. Both these methods are helpful in the assessment of paracardiac structures and of the tumor invasion
into great vessels and the mediastinum. MRI allows a limited degree of assessment of whether or not the tumor is malignant
by soft tissue characterization. In the case of resectable, symptomatic, cardiac tumors surgical excision should be performed.
Eingegangen am 23. Dezember 1996 Angenommen am 10. Januar 1997 相似文献
2.
H. Frank 《Der Radiologe》1997,37(5):359-365
Summary
Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Coronary angiography makes it possible to visualize
coronary artery stenosis and can be used for angioplasty and stent implantation; however, it does not allow the assessment
of changes in myocardial microcirculation. The severity of an angiographically evaluated coronary stenosis does not always
correspond to the extent of myocardial ischemia. Noninvasive techniques are needed to re-examine our reliance on coronary
angiography and to explore the clinical value of the physiological assessment of coronary artery stenoses. Such noninvasive
techniques might become important tools in the future following an overal evaluation of coronary morphology, myocardial function
and perfusion ascertained by all available methods.
Eingegangen am 8. Januar 1997 Angenommen am 9. Januar 1997 相似文献
3.
Sheung-Fat Ko M.D. Shu-Hang Ng Morgan Fu Ping-Han Lo Yu-Fan Cheng Tze-Yu Lee 《Cardiovascular and interventional radiology》1996,19(6):438-441
An acute aortic dissection involved the retroesophageal aortic diverticulum (RAD) and descending thoracic aorta in a patient
with right aortic arch. The RAD, which was separated into false and true lumens by an intimal flap—the classic diagnositc
sign of aortic dissection—was overlooked on transesophageal echocardiography and computed tomography but was clearly depicted
on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It was found that MRI can delineate the anatomy of a congenital arch anomaly complicated
by great vessels disease. 相似文献
4.
Annette Schmitz-Stolbrink 《Der Radiologe》1997,37(6):459-463
Summary
In cases of acute abdominal pain in girls a gynecological cause must always be considered. Neoplasms and cystic adnexal lesions
complicated by hemorrhage, torsion, and infarction can be diagnosed in childhood. Ovarian tumors without endocrine activity
are frequently very large at the time of discovery. Intravaginal foreign bodies, inflammation, and congenital obstructive
malformations are seldom found in patients with acute abdominal pain. Ultrasound has become the diagnostic method of choice.
When used by an experienced examiner, its results are nearly as good as MRI. In evaluation with clinical data and serological
results, an exact diagnosis can be made by ultrasound, even if the sonomorphological pattern seems confusing. Solid adnexal
mass and complex malformations require MRI as a complementary diagnostic step. X-ray studies and computed tomography are less
important diagnostic tools in girls with acute abdominal pain caused by gynecological disease.
Eingegangen am 20. Dezember 1996 Angenommen am 5. Januar 1997 相似文献
5.
Summary
Evaluation of the pericardium using the capabilities of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remains
one of the last requests to the radiologists within the spectrum of cardiac diagnostics. New technical developments in CT
and MRI improve diagnostic acuracy in diagnosing pericardial disease and help to define adequate therapeutic management.
The purpose of this article is to review the diagnostic possibilities of the radiologist in pericardial diseases with emphasis
on CT and MRI. The anatomy of the normal pericardium including pericardial recessus and sinuses is reviewed followed by a
brief discussion of congenital abnormalities. Particular attention is paid to acquired pericardial diseases including the
potential characterization of pericardial effusions. Pericardial thickening and pericardial constrictions are discussed and
the differentiation between pericardial constriction and restrictive cardiomyopathy is highlighted because of the therapeutic
implications. Finally a brief review of primary and metastatic pericardial tumours is given.
Eingegangen am 30. Januar 1997 Angenommen am 5. Februar 1997 相似文献
6.
T. Helmberger N. Holzknecht M. Gregor J. Gauger R. Helmberger M. Reiser 《Der Radiologe》1998,38(4):263-269
Introduction: Advanced therapies are improving significantly the survival of patients with malignant focal liver disease. For efficient
implementation of these surgical and interventional techniques a clear concept of the diagnostic procedere is mandatory.
Methods: Based on a review of the current literature, the different imaging modalities, including ultrasound, computed tomography,
magnetic resonance tomography, nuclear medicine and angiography, are discussed and evaluated for their diagnostic efficacy
in focal hepatic disease.
Results: Considering clinical, diagnostic, and economical appropriateness, recommendations for diagnostic strategies in different
clinical scenarios regarding focal hepatic disease are presented.
Conclusion: If the power of specific imaging methods and relevant clinical information is known, problem-based diagnostic strategies
help to avoid unnecessary, expensive and time-consuming studies in the work-up of focal liver lesions.
相似文献
7.
Intramural hematomas (IMH) are regarded as a hemorrhage into the aortic wall. In general a traumatic form can de differentiated from a spontaneous non-traumatic. There is a predisposition of IMH with arterial hypertension and mesoectodermal dysplastic syndromes. The diagnosis is established with the clinical presentation in combination with the findings of different imaging modalities. Acute and subacute discomfort associated with a tendency of collaps are considered as typical presenting complaints. A semicircular or concentric thickening of the aortic wall with the absence of blood flow or a dissection membran are typical findings in transesophageal echocardiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance tomography. From a differential diagnostic point of view a distinction from atherosclerotic wall changes, intraluminal thrombi and inflammatory aortic diseases is essential. The IMH is considered as an early presentation of aortic dissection, put into and treated according to the Stanford classification. In the course of natural history an IMH can disappear, rupture or progress into a classic aortic dissection. 相似文献
8.
Congenital diseases of the thoracic aorta. Role of MRI and MRA 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
Aortic malformations may be associated with other congenital heart abnormalities or may present independently, as incidental
findings in asymptomatic patients. For more than 30 years, conventional imaging techniques for detection and assessment of
congenital anomalies of the aorta have been chest X-ray, echocardiography and angiography. In recent times, considerable interest
in congenital aortic diseases has been shown, due to technical progresses of noninvasive imaging modalities. Among them, magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) almost certainly offers the greatest advantages, especially in young patients in which a radiation
exposure must be avoided as much as possible. MRI provides an excellent visualization of vascular structures with a wide field
of view, well suited for evaluation of the thoracic aorta malformations. With the implementation of magnetic resonance angiography
(MRA) it is also possible to depict any relationship with supra-aortic or mediastinal vessels. Phase contrast technique allows
identification of the hemodynamic significance of the aortic alteration. Some technical considerations, which include fast
spin-echo, gradient-echo and, especially, MRA techniques with phase-contrast and contrast enhanced methods, are discussed
and applied in the evaluation of congenital thoracic aorta diseases. 相似文献
9.
Valvular heart disease 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
S. Globits 《Der Radiologe》1997,37(5):341-350
Summary
Although valvular stenosis may be evaluated adequately by measuring transvalvular pressure gradients with Doppler echocardiography
and cardiac catheterization, these methods have failed to provide reliable and accurate quantification of valvular regurgitation.
In recent years the development of magnetic resonance imaging has broadened the diagnostic spectrum in cardiology, since it
allows assessment of ventricular volumes without geometrical assumptions and the non-invasive quantification of blood flow
within the heart and great vessels. The purpose of this overview is to evaluate “established” diagnostic tools and to show
the capabilities of magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of valvular heart disease.
Eingegangen am 18. Dezember 1996 Angenommen am 19. Dezember 1996 相似文献
10.
H. Helmberger A. Huppertz T. Rüll C. Zillinger C. Ehrenberg T. Rösch 《Der Radiologe》1998,38(4):270-278
Summary
Since the introduction of MR cholangiography (MRC) diagnostic imaging of the biliary tract has been significantly improved.
While percutaneous ultrasonography is still the primary examination, computed tomography (CT), conventional magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI), as well as the direct imaging modalities of the biliary tract – iv cholangiography, endoscopic-retrograde-cholangiography
(ERC), and percutaneous-transhepatic-cholangiography (PTC) are in use. This article discusses the clinical value of the different
diagnostic techniques for the various biliary pathologies with special attention to recent developments in MRC techniques.
An algorithm is presented offering a rational approach to biliary disorders. With further technical improvement shifts from
ERC(P) to MRC(P) for biliary imaging could be envisioned, ERCP further concentrating on its role as a minimal invasive treatment
option.
相似文献
11.
Ozkan F Akpinar E Serter T Ozyüksel A Hazirolan T 《Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey)》2008,14(1):6-8
We report a patient with type B aortic dissection which ruptured into the right hemithorax to call attention to this infrequent presentation and to accentuate the value of computed tomography angiography (CTA) with multiplanar reformatting in localizing the dissection and demonstrating the rupture site. CTA in combination with 2- and 3-dimensional reformatting is crucial for surgical planning because of the low specificity of transesophageal echocardiography in the ascending aorta. 相似文献
12.
Several excellent imaging modalities are available for studying the great vessels of the chest noninvasively. Besides computed
tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and echocardiography (in particular the transesophageal approach) can accurately
depict abnormalities of the thoracic vasculature, and are a valuable substitute for contrast angiography in most circumstances.
The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the current contribution of CT and MRI to the diagnosis of great
vessel pathology of the chest.
Received 8 April 1998; Accepted 16 April 1998 相似文献
13.
Summary
Using electron-beam computed tomography (EBCT) with short exposure times of 100 or 50 ms and the capability of acquiring up
to 2 × 17 images/s it is possible to study most of the important morphological and functional determinants of the heart. Various
examples of studies in acute and chronic cardiac diseases are shown to demonstrate the use of EBCT to determine quantitatively
left ventricular volumes (ml), myocardial mass (g), wall thickness changes over the cardiac cycle (mm/s), myocardial perfusion
(ml/100 g/min) and the extent of coronary calcification (calcium score) and qualitatively the state of the proximal 4–6 cm
of the subepicardial coronary arteries. The knowledge of these determinants seems very useful in excluding cardiac dysfunction,
in the early recognition of cardiac disease and in the evaluation of the haemodynamic severity of coronary artery stenotic
lesions. Further interdisciplinary studies are necessary to assess the clinical validity of these cardiac determinants, especially
myocardial perfusion, using this advanced CT technology.
Eingegangen am 27. Januar 1997 Angenommen am 27. Januar 1997 相似文献
14.
Peter J. Strouse Michael J. Shea Gregory E. Guy John T. Santinga 《Cardiovascular and interventional radiology》1990,13(2):77-82
This article presents a case of type III aortic dissection presenting as a spinal cord syndrome with a prospectively negative
initial aortogram. The patient serendipitously illustrates a multimodality approach to aortic dissection imaging. The advantages
and disadvantages of conventional radiography, aortography, computed tomography, echocardiography, and magnetic resonance
imaging are discussed. 相似文献
15.
The most common imaging modality used for diagnosis of aortic disease is CT, followed by transesophageal echocardiography, MRI, and aortography. If multiple imaging is performed, the initial imaging technique most frequently employed is computerized tomography. During the past decade, computed tomographic angiography (CTA) has become a standard non-invasive imaging modality for the depiction of vascular anatomy and pathology. The quality and speed of CTA examinations have increased dramatically as CT technology has evolved from-channel spiral CT systems to multichannel (4-, 8-, 10- and 16-slice) spiral CT system. The quality and speed of CTA is superior to other imaging modalities, and it is also cheaper and less invasive. CTA of the aorta has proven to be superior in diagnostic accuracy to conventional arteriography in several applications. 相似文献
16.
We report a case of infective endocarditis (IE) that presented with acute neurological deterioration due to bleeding into
a brain abscess disseminated from mitral valve vegetation. The patient recovered following surgical evacuation of hemorrhage/abscess
and prolonged systemic administration of antibiotics. Although IE causes various neurological complications including intracranial
hemorrhage, hemorrhagic brain abscess in patients with IE is rare. Appropriate combination of diagnostic modalities including
computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, cardiac ultrasonography, and cerebral angiography, together with careful
evaluation of the clinical history, leads to accurate diagnosis and treatment of patients with IE presenting with neurological
complications. 相似文献
17.
Tumors of the cardiac valves: imaging findings in magnetic resonance imaging, electron beam computed tomography, and echocardiography 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Wintersperger BJ Becker CR Gulbins H Knez A Bruening R Heuck A Reiser MF 《European radiology》2000,10(3):443-449
We describe the findings from various cross-sectional imaging modalities in patients with cardiac valve adherent masses.
The techniques are discussed, and imaging findings are compared with the results of cardiac surgery. All three patients had
neurological symptoms and/or cardiac murmurs. Transthoracic and/or transesophageal echocardiography revealed the cardiac mass
in all three. For differentiation of thrombus and cardiac neoplasm magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was also performed in
all three patients and electron-beam computed tomography (EBCT) in two. Fast segmented cine gradient-echo MRI techniques provided
mass depiction in all patients, while T1-weighted spin-echo imaging failed in mass detection in one patient. None of the patients
showed evidence of valve regurgitation or stenosis in flow sensitive cine MRI. EBCT excluded mass calcifications in both patients
and reliably demonstrated the valve attached lesions. Although echocardiography is the modality of choice in evaluating cardiac
masses and especially valve attached masses, MRI and EBCT provide additional information about tissue characteristics and
allows an excellent overview of the cardiac and paracardiac morphology. Fast segmented cine gradient-echo MRI is especially
able to depict even small tumors attached to rapidly moving cardiac valves, and valve competence can be easily assessed within
the same examination.
Received: 17 December 1998; Revision received: 1 June 1999; Accepted: 10 August 1999 相似文献
18.
Bildgebende Verfahren in der Diagnostik des Herzens 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
PURPOSE: Cardiac imaging includes determination of the size and structure of the cardiac chambers, valves, great vessels and the coronary arteries, chamber and valvular function, myocardial perfusion, viability and metabolism. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Chest roentgenography, angiography, echocardiography and nuclear imaging are commonly used but computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging also offer a promising potential. RESULTS: Coronary angiography is the gold standard in assessing coronary anatomy. Fast CT technologies such as electron-beam and multi-low-CT are promising non-invasive imaging modalities in the assessment of coronary artery disease. With intravascular ultrasound early stages of coronary atherosclerosis can be detected. For the assessment of myocardial perfusion and viability as well as cardiac function, scintigraphic methods are widely accepted. However, MRI methods have also reached a high degree of accuracy. Evaluation of chamber and valvular function is, due to its wide availability, the field of echocardiography. CONCLUSIONS: In clinical routine chest roentgenography, angiography, echocardiography and nuclear imaging are well established. The value of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of coronary artery disease, myocardial perfusion, viability and metabolism is yet to be defined. 相似文献
19.
Imaging the vertebral artery 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Tay KY U-King-Im JM Trivedi RA Higgins NJ Cross JJ Davies JR Weissberg PL Antoun NM Gillard JH 《European radiology》2005,15(7):1329-1343
Although conventional intraarterial digital subtraction angiography remains the gold standard method for imaging the vertebral artery, noninvasive modalities such as ultrasound, multislice computed tomographic angiography and magnetic resonance angiography are constantly improving and are playing an increasingly important role in diagnosing vertebral artery pathology in clinical practice. This paper reviews the current state of vertebral artery imaging from an evidence-based perspective. Normal anatomy, normal variants and a number of pathological entities such as vertebral atherosclerosis, arterial dissection, arteriovenous fistula, subclavian steal syndrome and vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia are discussed. 相似文献
20.
H. Hahn F. Höpner T. v. Kalle E. Macdonald F. Prantl I. Spitzer D. Färber 《Der Radiologe》1997,37(6):454-458
Summary
From 1989 to 1995 high-resolution ultrasonography (US) was performed in 3,546 children (age: 1–17 years) with clinically suspected
appendicitis. A total of 518 patients underwent laparotomy; 420 had histologically proven acute or perforated appendicitis
(prevalence 11.8 %). In these children, the sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy of US examination were 90 %, 97
% and 96 % respectively. The use of US in clinically doubtful acute abdomen may allow earlier diagnosis of acute appendicitis;
in 1995 the rate of unnecessary appendectomy was reduced to 13 %.
Eingegangen am 15. Dezember 1996 Angenommen am 5. Januar 1997 相似文献