心钠素基因多态性与原发性高血压患者左心室肥厚的关系

目的 探讨人类心钠素（ANP）基因多态性与原发性高血压患者左心室肥厚的关系.方法 选择原发性高血压患者106例,根据心脏超声检查结果分为单纯高血压组（对照组）75例和高血压合并左心室肥厚组（观察组）31例,采用PCR技术检测人类ANP基因C664G、G1837A和T2238C位点的多态性,比较两组基因型及等位基因分布差异.结果 观察组患者人类ANP基因C664G位点GG基因型频率为54.8％,高于对照组的33.3％（P＜0.05）.两组患者人类ANP基因G1837A位点和T2238C位点基因型和各等位基因频率差异无统计学意义.结论 人类ANP基因C664G位点的基因变异可能与原发性高血压患者左心室肥厚有关.     

高血压左室肥厚及心功能与血浆脑钠肽浓度变化的关系探讨

目的 探讨高血压患者左室肥厚及左室舒张功能与血浆脑钠肽（BNP）浓度的关系.方法 高血压患者62例,其中伴左心室肥厚组患者32例,不伴左心室肥厚组患者30例;健康对照组30名.高血压患者给予厄贝沙坦片75～150 mg/d,治疗6个月.所有对象行超声心动图测定左心室重量指数（LVMI）、E/A（二尖瓣舒张期E峰/A峰）比值.采用美国博适Triage及其试剂盒快速测定血浆BNP水平,对BNP与LVMI、E/A比值作相关分析.结果 高血压左心室肥厚患者组的血浆BNP水平（ng/L）明显高于高血压不伴左心室肥厚患者组和健康对照组（54.8±16.9比36.7±15.4,P＜0.05;54.8±16.9比16.4±12.7,P＜0.05）.经厄贝沙坦治疗后,高血压左心室肥厚患者组血浆BNP水平（ng/L）明显下降（54.8±16.9比36.8±12.6,P＜0.05）,E/A比值明显上升（0.86±0.57比1.09±0.65,P＜0.05）,差异有统计学意义,且与LVMI呈显著正相关 （r＝0.57,P＝0.028）,与E/A比值呈显著负相关（r＝-0.68,P＝0.009）.结论 血浆BNP浓度能较好地反映高血压患者左心室肥厚及左室舒张功能状态.     

氯沙坦对高血压左室肥厚患者血浆脑钠肽的影响

目的：研究氯沙坦干预对高血压伴左室肥厚患者脑钠肽（BNP）的影响及意义。方法：选择100例左室射血分数正常范围的高血压患者,其中58例伴左室肥厚,42例不伴左室肥厚,另选50例健康者作为健康对照组,比较三组间血浆BNP水平。左室肥厚组给予氯沙坦治疗6个月,比较治疗前后BNP、左室质量指数（LVMI）的变化。结果：①高血压伴左室肥厚患者BNP浓度显著高于不伴左室肥厚组及健康对照组[（62．21±9．70）pg／ml比（39．35±10．57）pg／ml比（13．89±5．34）pg／ml,P〈0．01];②BNP的浓度与LVMI呈正相关（r=0．44,P〈0．05）;③与治疗前比较,氯沙坦治疗高血压伴左室肥厚6个月后,血浆BNP[（62．21±9．70）pg／ml比（38．78±7．94）pg／m1]、LVMI[（128．71±12．64）g／m。比（107．36±11．32）g／m。]均显著降低（P〈o．01）。结论：氯沙坦可明显降低高血压伴左室肥厚患者脑钠肽水平,逆转左室肥厚。     

氯沙坦对高血压左室肥厚血清脑钠肽的影响

目的探讨氯沙坦对高血压左室肥厚(LVH)患者血清脑钠肽(BNP)水平的影响及其意义。方法选取高血压LVH患者44例,随机分为治疗组和对照组各22例,治疗组服用氯沙坦20周,对照组不给氯沙坦,治疗前后血清BNP浓度以电化学发光法测定,左室重量指数(LVM I)用超声心动图测定。结果高血压LVH患者氯沙坦治疗后LVM I和血清BNP水平分别从(151.54±33.01)g/m3与(174.30±146.95)ng/L降为(134.36±22.71)g/m3与(110.31±83.06)ng/L(P均<0.05),两者治疗前后均呈显著正相关,r分别为0.8和0.75(P均<0.001),血清BNP水平下降的患者LVM I从(147.16±32.97)g/m3降为(131.15±23.48)g/m3(P<0.01)。结论氯沙坦能逆转高血压LVH及降低血清BNP水平,BNP可能可作为高血压治疗后LVH是否逆转的参考指标之一。     

老年心力衰竭患者血浆脑钠素含量与心功能的关系

目的:探讨老年心力衰竭患者血浆脑纳素(BNP)水平与心力衰竭严重程度,左室功能的关系。方法:采用免疫荧光法测定63例心力衰竭患者和30例对照组血浆BNP浓度,用心脏彩色多普勒超声诊断仪测定并比较各组左室射血分数(LVEF)。结果:心力衰竭患者BNP浓度显著高于对照组(P<0.01);BNP水平随着心功能NY-HA分级程度的加重而显著增高,其与LVEF呈负相关(r=-0.58,P<0.001)。结论:老年心力衰竭患者血浆BNP水平随着心力衰竭严重程度的增加而升高,可反映左室功能状态。     

Relationship between left ventricular geometry and brain natriuretic peptide levels in elderly subjects

BACKGROUND: The plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level in elderly patients is elevated, but the mechanism of this increase is not clear. OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between left ventricular geometry and BNP levels in elderly subjects. METHODS: We investigated the effects of left ventricular (LV) geometry on plasma BNP levels by measuring these levels in elderly patients with or without LV hypertrophy. Patients were classified into 4 groups based on echocardiographic data: normal geometry; concentric remodeling; eccentric hypertrophy (EH), and concentric hypertrophy (CH). The samples were analyzed for BNP and endothelin-1 (ET-1). RESULTS: Among the 4 groups, there were no differences in plasma ET-1 levels, ejection fraction, percent fractional shortening, or indices of diastolic function. Plasma BNP levels in EH and CH were higher than those in the normal geometry and concentric remodeling groups. There was a good correlation between plasma BNP levels and the relative wall thickness in EH, and between plasma BNP levels and the posterior wall thickness in CH (r = -0.474, r = 0.396, respectively, both p < 0.05). There were also good correlations between plasma BNP levels and LV mass index (LVMI). A stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that age and LVMI were significant independent contributors to plasma BNP levels. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that aging, increased wall stress and the extent of cardiac hypertrophy contribute to elevated BNP levels in the elderly.     

应用多普勒组织成像技术评价原发性高血压左室舒张功能及其相关因素

目的:应用多普勒组织成像技术(DTI)探讨原发性高血压(EH)左室舒张功能的特点,同时检测血中心钠素(ANP)、脑钠素(BNP)的变化,分析两者与左室舒张功能的关系。方法:对照组20例,EH患者(EH组)61例,均行常规超声及DTI检查,EH患者根据左室质量指数(LVMI)分为左室心肌肥厚(LVH)亚组和无 LVH(NLVH )亚组。DTI测量二尖瓣侧环心肌舒张早期峰值运动速度(e)、晚期峰值运动速度(a)及其比值(e/a),测量二尖瓣瓣尖水平舒张早期的最大流速(E0)、舒张晚期的最大流速(A)及 E0 与A流速的比值E0/A。入选病例均测定血浆ANP、BNP浓度。结果:与对照组相比,EH患者E0/A、e/a减小,LVH亚组减小更明显;与对照组相比,EH血浆 ANP、BNP浓度升高, LVH升高更明显; E0/A、e/a比值与 ANP 呈负相关( r = - 0.56和 r = -0.60, 均P<0.01),与BNP呈负相关( r=-0.62和 r=-0.65,均 P<0.01)。结论:血浆 ANP、BNP与应用DTI技术评价的EH左室舒张功能均有较好相关性。     

Association of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide, N-terminal proatrial natriuretic peptide, and brain natriuretic peptide levels with coronary artery stenosis in patients with normal left ventricular systolic function

PURPOSE: To examine whether coronary artery stenosis affects plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), N-terminal proatrial natriuretic peptide (proANP), and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in patients with normal left ventricular systolic function. METHODS: We studied 104 consecutive patients with normal left ventricular function and suspected coronary artery stenosis. Plasma natriuretic peptide levels were measured by immunoradiometric assays. RESULTS: Plasma levels of ANP, N-terminal proANP, and BNP were higher in patients with (n = 65) than in those without (n = 39) coronary artery stenosis, whereas hemodynamic variables were similar. Patients who had coronary artery stenosis with only distal lesions (n = 36) had higher levels of all three natriuretic peptides than did patients with no coronary artery stenosis. N-terminal proANP levels were significantly higher in patients who had coronary artery stenosis with proximal lesions (n = 29) than in patients who had coronary artery stenosis with only distal lesions and those with no coronary artery stenosis. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that N-terminal proANP, but not ANP or BNP, was independently associated with coronary artery stenosis after adjusting for clinical and demographic variables (odds ratio per 100 fmol/mL increase = 1.9; 95% confidence interval: 1.9 to 2.6; P = 0.01). However, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of each peptide were not sufficiently high to be used for prediction. CONCLUSION: N-terminal proANP may be associated with clinically important coronary artery stenosis in patients with normal left ventricular systolic function, but its clinical usefulness may be limited.     

B-type natriuretic peptide and left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients.

AIM: To assess the accuracy of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) plasma levels for the diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in hypertensive patients. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: We studied a sample of 409 adults aged 45 years or older, recruited from residents of Porto by random digit dialing. Data were collected by clinical interview and physical examination, ECG, echocardiogram and venous blood sampling for the measurement of plasma concentrations of BNP. Hypertension (HT) was defined as blood pressure > or = 140/90 mmHg on the day of interview and/or self-reported HT if treated with any antihypertensive medication; LVH was defined as left ventricular mass index (LVMI) > or = 125 g/m2 in men and 110 g/m2 in women. The participants were further classified in four strata according to left ventricular morphology--normal, concentric remodeling, eccentric LVH or concentric LVH. RESULTS: Two hundred and thirty-two (56.7%) individuals were hypertensive, and among these 73 (31.5%) had LVH. BNP levels were significantly higher in these individuals (median [P25-P75] = 55.8 pg/ml [22.6-88.4]) than in hypertensive patients without LVH (29.9 pg/ml [10.0-62.8]), p = 0.003. BNP levels also differed significantly across strata of left ventricular geometry, the main difference depending on the presence or absence of LVH. There was a positive correlation between plasma BNP levels and LVMI (Spearman's P 0.185, p = 0.005). The area under the ROC curve--a parameter for diagnostic accuracy quantification--was 0.62 (95% confidence interval 0.54-0.70), indicating low discriminatory power between normal and abnormal LVMI. CONCLUSION: In the assessed population, BNP levels were higher in hypertensive patients with LVH than in the absence of LVH. However, BNP did not perform well in discriminating between the presence or absence of LVH.     

脑钠肽与高血压左室重塑、左室功能的关系

目的:探讨原发性高血压(EH)患者脑钠肽(BNP)水平与左室几何构型、左室功能的关系。方法:应用荧光免疫法快速测定EH组(106例)和对照组(46例)的血浆BNP浓度,根据心脏彩色超声检测结果,依照左室重量指数(LVMI)、相对室壁厚度(RWT)将106例EH患者分为:正常构型亚组(12例)、向心性重构亚组(9例)、离心性肥厚亚组(64例)、向心性肥厚亚组(21例)。应用相关性分析了解EH组LVMI、RWT、年龄、血压、体质指数(BMI)、左室射血分数(LVEF)等因素与BNP关系。结果:在EH各构型亚组中LVMI以离心性肥厚亚组最高,向心性肥厚亚组、离心性肥厚亚组BNP水平较对照组升高明显。EH组LVMI与BNP具有明显的正相关性(r=0.605,P<0.01),RWT与BNP具有明显的负相关(r=-0.266,P<0.01),LVEF与BNP呈负相关(r=-0.552,P<0.01),LVMI、RWT与血压、BMI之间无明显相关性。结论:EH组中不同的左室几何构型对BNP水平产生不同影响,具有更高的LVMI值和更低的LVEF、RWT值患者,BNP水平更高,而年龄、血压、BMI与BNP、LVMI、RWT无明显相关性。     

Plasma B-type natriuretic peptide reflects left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic function in hypertension

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is associated with changes in concentrations of vasoactive peptides and procollagen propeptides, but their relationships with left ventricular hypertrophy and cardiac function are unclear. METHODS: We measured plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), its amino terminal propeptide (NT-proANP), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), endothelin-1 (ET-1), and serum levels of the aminoterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP) and the aminoterminal propeptide of type III procollagen (PIIINP) and echocardiographic parameters in 97 patients with hypertension in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial. RESULTS: Median values (reference values) of the peptides were: ANP 11.2 (6.9-14.9) pmol/l, NT-proANP 351 (143-311) pmol/l, BNP 1.1 (0.4-7.2) pmol/l, ET-1 8.7 (1.2-5.0) pmol/l, PIIINP 2.8 (1.7-4.2) microg/l and PINP 29 (19-84) microg/l. Plasma BNP levels in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (1.2 pmol/l) and patients with echocardiographic signs of diastolic dysfunction (1.5 pmol/l) were greater than those in patients without hypertrophy (0.7 pmol/l) and normal diastolic parameters (0.9 pmol/l) (p<0.05). BNP was the only biochemical parameter that independently predicted interventricular septal diastolic diameter (p<0.05), left ventricular mass index (p<0.01) and ratio of the velocity-time integrals of the E and A waves of the mitral inflow in a stepwise logistic regression analysis (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results show that BNP reflects the remodelling process in hypertension.     

老年高血压病患者左心室肥厚与脑白质疏松症的关系

目的　探讨老年高血压病患者左心室肥厚和脑白质疏松症 (LA)的关系。方法　 13 8例老年高血压病患者 ,按有或无LA分为两组 ,并对其年龄、是否合并左心室肥厚、糖尿病、高胆固醇血症、吸烟史以及收缩压和舒张压水平、高血压病持续时间进行分析。结果　在单因素Logistic回归分析中 ,左心室肥厚、收缩压水平、高血压病持续时间及年龄均为LA的影响因素 ;在多因素条件Logistic回归分析中 ,左心室肥厚仍为LA的危险因素之一 (OR =2 .771,95 %CI值 1.2 60～6.0 94;P <0 .0 1)。结论　左心室肥厚为老年高血压病患者LA独立的危险因素。     

比索洛尔、赖诺普利对原发性高血压患者左室肥厚及血浆脑钠肽的影响

目的探讨比索洛尔、赖诺普利对原发性高血压（EH）患者左室肥厚（LVH）、血浆脑钠肽（BNP）的影响。方法选择124例EH患者,根据有无LVH分为LVH组76例、无LVH组48例,LVH组口服比索洛尔、赖诺普利12个月;检测两组血浆BNP及LVH组治疗前后A/E比值、左室质量指数（LVMI）变化。结果 LVH组血浆BNP明显高于无LVH组（P〈0.05）;LVH组治疗12个月后,A/E比值、LVMI和血浆BNP均明显降低（P〈0.05或〈0.01）,且其血浆BNP水平与LVMI呈正相关（r=0.60,P〈0.01）。结论比索洛尔、赖诺普利可逆转EH患者的LVH,降低其血浆BNP水平。     

C型钠尿肽与高血压及左室肥厚的关系

目的 :初步探讨血浆 C型钠尿肽 （CNP）水平与高血压及左室肥厚程度的相关性。方法 :采用卒中易感型自发性高血压大鼠 （SHRSP） ,并与正常血压大鼠 （WKY）作对照 ,应用放射免疫方法检测 CNP水平。结果 :SHRSP组收缩压 （SBP）和反映左室肥厚的指标如左心室加室间隔 （L V+S）重量和 （L V+S） /体重 （BW）比值均明显高于 WKY组 （P<0 .0 1） ;SHRSP血浆 CNP水平 （145± 42 ng/ L）明显高于 WKY（72± 11ng/ L） ,差异非常显著 （P<0 .0 1） ;SHRSP血浆 CNP与 SBP,（L V+S） / BW均呈正相关 （P<0 .0 5 ） ,而 CNP与心率 （HR）、右心室 （RV）重量和 BW则未见明显相关性 （P>0 .0 5 ）。结论 :血浆 CNP水平可以反映高血压及左室肥厚程度。     

男性瘦素水平与原发性高血压左室肥厚的相关性研究

目的 :研究瘦素 (leptin)与原发性高血压 (EH)左室肥厚 (LVH)的相关性 ,从而进一步探讨LVH的发病机制。方法 :随机选择确诊EH男性患者 4 1例 ,选正常健康男性 2 3例作为对照。晨空腹测定血清leptin水平、血清胰岛素和血糖水平 ,胰岛素与血糖乘积的倒数即胰岛素敏感性指数 (ISI)作为评价胰岛素抵抗 (IR)的指标。心脏彩超测定室间隔厚度 (IVST)、左室后壁厚度 (PWT) ,IVST与PWT之和即左室壁厚度和 (SWT)作为评价LVH的指标。采用相关分析、多元逐步回归等统计方法进行评价。结果 :EH组与对照组具有可比性 ,两者之间leptin水平有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1)。在EH组 ,leptin水平与SWT显著相关 (r =0 .5 1,P <0 .0 1)。多元逐步回归分析显示 ,血清leptin水平和ISI与SWT相关性好。 结论 :男性血清leptin水平与EHLVH具有良好的相关性。     

老年高血压病人左室肥厚与左室舒张功能的关系

目的：研究老年高血压病人左室肥厚与左室舒张功能各参数的关系,探讨在老年人左室肥厚对左室舒张功能的影响。方法：用彩色多普勒超声心动图测量101例老年高血压病人左心室结构及舒张功能参数。结果：101例高血压病人中,左室肥厚组（48例）的左房内径指数（LADI）、等容舒张时间（IVRT）、舒张期二尖瓣E波减速时间（EDT）显著大于左室正常组（53例,P〈0．05～〈0．01）．多元逐步回归分析发现,左室质量指数（LVMI）与左房射血分数（LAEF）、LADI、IVRT和EDT有明显的相关关系（r分别为0．213,0．251．0．450．0．338．P〈0．05～0．001）结论：老年高血压病人的左室增厚可进一步降低左室舒张功能。     

Relationship between the plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide and left ventricular ejection fraction in asymptomatic patients with previous myocardial infarction

While the usefulness of measuring the plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in cases with worsening heart failure and severe heart failure has already been established, the benefits of evaluation of this parameter in asymptomatic stable patients with left ventricular dysfunction is still under debate. Left ventricular function was evaluated in 141 ambulatory outpatients with a previous history of myocardial infarction not associated with symptoms of heart failure for at least one year. The plasma BNP level was also determined in these patients for comparative study. No correlation between the plasma level of BNP and EF was noted in the normal-EF group, while a negative correlation between the two parameters was observed in the low-EF group (Y = 0.439 - 0.000266X) (R2 = 0.244, P < 0.0001). The sensitivity was 91.5%, specificity 56.3%, positive predictive accuracy value 61.9%, and negative predictive accuracy value 83.8% for a plasma BNP cut-off level of 89.0 pg/mL. The results suggested that it might be meaningful to measure the plasma BNP level, especially in asymptomatic patients with a previous history of myocardial infarction having a low-EF.     

Antihypertensive therapy reduces increased plasma levels of adrenomedullin and brain natriuretic peptide concomitant with regression of left ventricular hypertrophy in a patient with malignant hypertension.

We investigated the potential role of increased plasma adrenomedullin and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels in a patient with malignant hypertension. A 51-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a chief complaint of visual disturbance. His blood pressure was 270/160 mmHg on admission. Papillary edema associated with retinal bleeding was observed. Echocardiography revealed marked concentric left ventricular hypertrophy with mild systolic dysfunction. Plasma levels of adrenomedullin and BNP were markedly elevated. Antihypertensive therapy reduced the plasma levels of adrenomedullin in association with a concomitant decrease in blood pressure. The plasma level of BNP also decreased and regression of left ventricular hypertrophy and normalization of left ventricular systolic function were observed. Our findings suggest that adrenomedullin may be involved in the defense mechanism against further elevations in blood pressure in patients with hypertension and that the plasma level of BNP may reflect left ventricular systolic dysfunction, left ventricular hypertrophy, or both, in patients with severe hypertension.     

Association between echocardiographic parameters and brain natriuretic peptide levels in treated hypertensive patients

We examined which echocardiographic parameter correlated best with plasma brain natriuteric peptide (BNP) levels in treated hypertensive patients. Enrolled in the study were 122 treated hypertensive patients (70 ± 9 y). The left ventricular mass index and left atrial dimension (LAD) were measured using echocardiography as indexes of left ventricular hypertrophy and left atrial enlargement, respectively. Among all the echocardiographic parameters, LAD correlated best with BNP (r = 0.343, p < 0.001). Stepwise regression analysis showed that LAD (β coefficient = 0.513, p < 0.001) was independently associated with BNP. Left atrial enlargement, rather than left ventricular hypertrophy, may be clinically useful for predicting elevated BNP levels in treated hypertensive patients.