A case of primary intracerebral malignant lymphoma in systemic lupus erythematosus]

The patient, a 44-year-old female, was admitted to our department because of right hemiparesis and left oculomotor nerve palsy on February 7, 1986. Neither lymphadenopathy nor hepatosplenomegaly was present. She had been treated with prednisolone for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) for one and a half year before admission. The CT scan revealed a homogeneously enhanced mass lesion from the midbrain through the thalamus on the right side. The whole body gallium scintigram showed no abnormal uptake except in the brain. Stereotaxic biopsy was performed. Histopathological diagnosis was malignant lymphoma, diffuse, large cell type (International Working Formulation). The enhanced mass lesion disappeared after radiation therapy. Subsequently, she received chemotherapy. She remained well until May 1988 when she died because of the systemic lymphadenopathy. The association of malignant lymphoma and SLE has appeared occasionally in the literature. Primary intracerebral malignant lymphoma associated with SLE is much rarer but it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of symptoms of the central nervous system in a patient with SLE. Therefore, biopsy of a cerebral mass lesion is mandatory if appropriate therapy such as radiation and chemotherapy is to be administered.     

Multifocal primary intracerebral malignant fibrous histiocytoma--case report

A 58-year-old female presented with a unique case of multifocal primary intracerebral malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) manifesting as partial seizure. Neuroimaging showed a mass lesion in the right frontal lobe, which was totally removed. The histological diagnosis was MFH. Follow-up neuroimaging one month after surgery showed another lesion rapidly growing in the left frontal lobe. This lesion was totally removed, and identified as MFH. Her condition gradually worsened. Neuroimaging performed 3 months after first operation revealed bilateral recurrence. She died of respiratory failure 7 months after the initial diagnosis of MFH. Primary intracranial MFH is an extremely rare entity with only 31 cases of solitary tumor previously reported.     

Primary intracerebral malignant lymphoma: report of 248 cases

OBJECT: The authors present a retrospective analysis of 248 immunocompetent patients with primary intracerebral lymphoma treated at 19 French and Belgian medical centers between January 1980 and December 1995. METHODS: This study involved 127 female and 121 male patients with a median age of 61 years (range 2-88 years). All tumors available for review were classic diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, for which the phenotype was determined in 220 patients: 212 (96.4%) were B-cell and eight (3.6%) were T-cell type tumors. According to the Revised European-American classification of lymphoid neoplasms, most lesions were diffuse large cell tumors (62%). A total of 196 tumors were reviewed in 127 patients for whom preoperative computerized tomography and magnetic resonance studies were available. There was a single lesion in 66% of the cases, with a supratentorial location in 87%. Tumor location in the basal ganglia, corpus callosum, or fornix, infiltration of the periventricular ependyma, or a mirror pattern, were strongly suggestive of a lesion of lymphomatous origin. The histological diagnosis was obtained after surgical resection in 116 patients, with the remainder undergoing biopsy sampling only. Of the 248 patients studied, 129 (52%) received chemotherapy plus radiation therapy, 60 (24%) received radiation therapy alone, 35 (14%) received chemotherapy alone, and 24 (10%) received no postsurgical treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Using univariate analysis, the authors determined prognostic factors that were significantly associated with a favorable impact on survival including age younger than 60 years, radiation therapy (without evidence of a dose-response relationship), radiation therapy combined with chemotherapy, and chemotherapy consisting of anthracycline. Partial surgical resection was an unfavorable prognostic factor. Multivariate analysis was used to confirm the independent prognostic value of radiation therapy, age, chemotherapy consisting of anthracyclines or methotrexate, and partial surgical resection. This European survey provides a reasonable basis for the treatment of primary intracerebral lymphoma with the following sequence: stereotactic biopsy sampling, chemotherapy with a methotrexate- and anthracycline-based regimen, followed by cranial irradiation.     

Familial primary intracranial malignant lymphoma

A 76-year-old female developed depression and loss of appetite. On admission, in June of 1987, she was disoriented. Computed tomography (CT) revealed enhanced masses without perifocal edema in the cerebellar vermis and left occipital lobe. The cerebellar tumor was subtotally removed through a suboccipital craniectomy. Histological examination disclosed malignant lymphoma of the diffuse, large cell type. The patient underwent postoperative irradiation, and no other tumors were detected by whole-body CT or gallium scans. Her 51-year-old son had been admitted to another hospital in April of 1987, with complaints of depression and change in mental status. Neurological examination revealed right hemiparesis, and CT demonstrated an enhanced left frontal paraventricular mass and severe perifocal edema. The histological diagnosis was malignant lymphoma, and the patient received postoperative irradiation and chemotherapy. A few cases of familial extracranial malignant lymphoma have been described. However, to the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported occurrence of familial primary intracranial malignant lymphoma.     

Unsuspected primary pulmonary malignant lymphoma

A 70-year-old man referred for treatment of a left lower lung tumor was shown in chest computed tomography to have a homogeneous round tumor 45 mm in diameter with an enhanced thin wall in the lower lobe of the left lung. No specific finding was seen in material obtained by transbronchial and computed tomography (CT)-guided lung tissue biopsy, so the presumptive diagnosis was a lung abscess. Despite antibiotics administered for 2 weeks, radiography showed the tumor had grown, necessitating left lower lobectomy. The permanent section was diagnosed as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Because CT findings for the tumor suggested a lung abscess and the central part of the tumor consisted of fibrotic and necrotic tissue, we had difficulty establishing a final diagnosis. The literature showed primary pulmonary lymphomas yielded a variety of findings radiographically, making surgery paramount for ascertaining a final diagnosis.     

Two cases of primary intracranial malignant lymphoma

Two cases of primary intracranial malignant lymphoma are reported. Case 1 was a 65-year-old female who was operated on for a left frontoparietal tumor in 1966 at our hospital, and the tumor was diagnosed as reticulum cell sarcoma histologically. Irradiation was also done. Thereafter, she had had no serious trouble except for slight right hemiparesis. In March of 1982, right hemiparesis became worse and disturbance of consciousness also appeared. CT scan and left carotid angiogram revealed a left fronto-temporoparietal tumor. Subtotal removal of the tumor was performed on the 1st of April. The tumor was diagnosed as malignant lymphoma, of large cell type. Chemotherapy was started postoperatively and marked decrease of enhanced area was observed in the CT scan taken on the 9th of July. But the patient showed melena and was diagnosed as having rectal adenocarcinoma histologically by biopsied specimen. Case 2 was a 48-year-old male who had been suffering from left facial palsy and vertigo since August, 1981. Those symptoms gradually progressed. On the 4th of December, he was admitted to our clinic. On admission, neurologically, multiple cranial nerve involvement was noticed such as of the IIIrd, IVth, Vth and VIth nerves bilaterally, and the VIIth, IXth, Xth and XIth cranial nerves on the left side. Right hemihypalgesia, thermohypesthesia, dysmetria, dysdiadochokinesis, and cerebellar taxia were also seen. CT scan and left vertebral angiogram revealed a tumor in the pons and IVth ventricle. On December 8th, suboccipital craniectomy was performed, but almost all of the tumor seemed growing under the floor of the IVth ventricle.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Management results of primary intracranial malignant lymphoma

Nineteen cases of primary malignant lymphoma of the central nervous system were reported. The clinical characteristics, diagnostic procedure and therapeutic method, especially concerning chemotherapy, were analysed. The following conclusions were obtained: 1) histological classifications and surgical procedures were not factors involved in prognosis. 2) radiotherapy was regarded as an effective but a palliative treatment. 3) combined chemotherapy for systemic malignant lymphoma, such as VEMP, VEP, COPP, seemed to be of little use for intracranial malignant lymphoma. 4) intra-arterial administration of high-dose methotrexate, ACNU and intravenous administration of high-dose cytosine arabinoside can be expected to be a useful chemotherapeutic approach.     

Spontaneous regression of primary malignant intracranial lymphoma

A rare case of intracranial multiple tumor, which disappeared spontaneously on serial cranial computed tomography (CT) scans, is described. The initial CT scan showed multiple, well-enhanced lesions in the right frontal and parietal lobes. The lesions disappeared spontaneously without any treatment during the 2 following months of observation. One month later, however, a newly formed tumor was found on serial CT-scanning. Surgical intervention confirmed the histologic diagnosis of a non-Hodgkin's, large, and diffuse-type malignant lymphoma. The possible mechanism of temporal disappearance of tumors on CT scanning is discussed.     

原发性胃肠道恶性淋巴瘤的诊治

目的:探讨原发性胃肠道恶性淋巴瘤(PGIML)的诊治方法。方法:回顾性分析1995年1月—2010年12月收治的34例原发性胃肠道恶性淋巴瘤患者临床资料。结果:全组男23例,女11例,年龄22～74(平均51.8)岁。均经病理证实为恶性淋巴瘤,原发病灶位于胃24例,肠道10例。24例胃恶性淋巴瘤患者的首发症状为上腹部隐痛不适,8例合并呕血黑便,3例伴有发热;10例肠道淋巴瘤均以腹痛、腹部包块为首发症状,4例伴有黑便,2例有肠梗阻表现,肠穿孔1例。本组24例胃恶性淋巴瘤中,仅5例经术前胃镜病理活检证实;10例肠道恶性淋巴瘤中,仅1例经结肠镜活检确诊,术前确诊率仅17.64%(6/34)。误诊时间2～8(平均4.5)个月。患者均接受手术治疗,其中行根治性肿瘤切除术32例(根治性全胃切除术8例,根治性远端胃大部切除术14例,小肠部分切除术3例,右半结肠切除术6例,根治性直肠切除术1例),姑息性远端胃大部切除术2例。术后31例患者进行了化疗。34例患者免疫组化分型属B淋巴细胞型27例,T淋巴细胞型4例,未分类型3例。全组均获随访,随访时间5～62个月,1,3,5年生存率分别为82.35%,64.71,47.05%。结论:原发性胃肠道恶性淋巴瘤术前确诊率低,胃肠镜及病理活检是术前确诊的主要方法,以手术化疗联合的综合治疗效果良好。     

原发性胃恶性淋巴瘤诊治分析

目的　总结原发性胃恶性淋巴瘤的有效诊治方法。方法　 1990～ 1999年对 32例原发性胃恶性淋巴瘤的临床治疗作回顾性分析。结果　患者以上腹部不适、腹部肿块、呕血或黑便为临床表现 ,均经手术治疗 ,其中术前明确诊断 2 5例 ,均为胃镜下确诊。其中 2 6例获得随访 ,5年生存率为46 1%,病理类型均为非何杰金氏淋巴瘤 ,其中B小淋巴细胞性淋巴瘤 2 4例 ,T小细胞性淋巴瘤 4例。2 8例行辅助性CHOP化疗 ,总有效率 93.4%。结论　胃镜活检特别是超声胃镜下活检最有诊断价值。手术方式与胃癌相似 ,术后化疗与手术治疗同等重要 ,病理类型是判断预后的重要指标。     

原发性结肠淋巴瘤的诊断和治疗

目的 探讨原发性结肠淋巴瘤(primary colonic malignant lymphoma,PCML)的诊断和治疗方法.方法 回顾性分析12例经手术病理证实为PCML的临床资料,包括患者的主要临床表现、病理、手术治疗和预后,对比研究钡灌肠、结肠镜和多层螺旋CT(muhislice spiral computed tomography.MSCT)等诊断方法.结果 PCML常见的临床表现为:腹痛、腹胀、腹部肿物、肠梗阻、消化管出血,血清肿瘤指标均正常.术前12例患者中,6例行钡灌肠检查,2例检出病变,均未提示淋巴瘤可能.6例行结肠镜检查,3例检出病变,1例提示淋巴瘤可能.10例行MSCT检查,CT初诊检出肿瘤9例,定性诊断准确5例;12例患者均行手术治疗,无围手术期死亡.术后病理结果:12例均为非霍奇金淋巴瘤,除1例为T细胞来源,其余均为B细胞淋巴瘤.术后10例患者接受辅助化疗,11例获随访,1年、3年生存率分别为81.9%(9/11)、54.5%(6/11).结论 PCML无特异性临床症状,钡灌肠和结肠镜检查诊断率低.MSCT扫描在PCML的诊断中具有独特的优越性,结合临床具有较高的诊断价值.手术和术后辅助治疗是治疗早期PCML的重要手段.     

A case of primary malignant lymphoma of the prostate

A 79-year-old man presented with a chief complaint of difficulty in urination. Digital rectal examination and transrectal ultrasonography showed an enlarged prostate. Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) was performed. Histological findings revealed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by immunohistochemical studies. Pelvic Lymph nodes were swollen on fluoro deoxygiucose-positron emission tomography examination. Therefore, the disease was classified into clinical stage II according to Ann Arbor's criteria. The patient achieved complete response after 6 cycles of combination chemotherapy with rituximab, pirarubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-THP-COP). Now, 1 year 8 months after the chemotherapy, he remains free of the disease.     

Steroid-induced regression of primary malignant lymphoma of the brain

A case of primary malignant lymphoma involving the splenium of the corpus callosum is reported in a 54-year-old woman presenting with symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. In view of the prominent cerebral edema associated with the intracranial lymphoma, dexamethasone was initiated at a daily dosage of 8 mg by intravenous administration. Computed tomography scans obtained 10 days after admission revealed dramatic regression of the lesion which corresponded with clinical remission. Steroid-induced regression of primary malignant lymphoma of the brain as evidenced by computed tomography is reviewed in the literature, and the role of corticosteroids is discussed.     

A case of primary malignant lymphoma of the bladder

A case of primary malignant lymphoma of the bladder is reported. A 61-year-old female visited our outpatient clinic with the chief complaints of asymptomatic grosshematuria and was recognized as having a bladder tumor by abdominal ultrasonography. On cystoscopic examination, the tumor was non-papillary and dome-like in shape. Computed tomography revealed that the bladder tumor was invading into the bladder wall. The histopathological study of endoscopic biopsy specimen revealed malignant lymphoma. After further examinations, it was diagnosed as primary malignant lymphoma of bladder, stage IE (Ann Arbor classification). Four courses of CHOP regimen (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, predonisolone) was performed and no lymphoma cell was found by re-biopsy at the primary site. No local or distant recurrence was found during the 15 months' follow up.     

Non-Hodgkin malignant lymphoma of rib origin: report of a case

A 69-year-old man with left chest and back pain was found to have an osteolytic mass (4.2 x 3.8 cm) in the left 8th rib by chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT) in August 2003. There were no abnormal findings in the abdomen, lung, mediastinum or bone except the left 8th rib. Although the spontaneous disappearance of pleural effusion and the elevated CRP suggested the possibility of myelitis, the malignancy of the rib could not be ruled out, and the surgery was performed in September 2003. The mass was resected en bloc together with the involved 8th rib. The histological diagnosis was primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma (diffuse, medium-sized to large B-cell lymphoma).     

A case of primary malignant lymphoma of the urinary bladder

This paper presents an autopsy case of primary malignant lymphoma of the urinary bladder. The patient, a 63-year-old man, consulted us because of macroscopic hematuria. Cystoscopy revealed a bladder tumor, which was diagnosed as an anaplastic cell carcinoma by transurethral punch biopsy. The tumor progressively increased in size, despite treatment with preoperative antineoplastic chemotherapy consisting of CDDP. Only ureterocutaneostomy and biopsy were performed at the operation although total cystectomy and ileal conduit had been planned, because the tumor had invaded into the perivesicular tissue. Biopsy revealed B cell lymphoma, which was characterized by specific staining with IgG by the PAP method. Although antineoplastic chemotherapy was performed again after operation, the patient gradually weakened and died 5 months after admission. At autopsy, a hen-egg sized, non-papillary tumor which invading into the perivesicular tissue was found at the anterior wall of the urinary bladder. There were many metastatic nodules in the thraco-lumbar vertebral columns, para-aortic lymphnodes and mesenteric lymphnodes. Lungs and liver were free from metastatic tumors.     

A case of primary malignant lymphoma of the pararectal space

A 16-year-old man presented with lumbago, perianal pain and constipation. A large tumor was palpable by digital rectal examination. Then, transrectal needle biopsies of the tumor were performed. Histopathological diagnosis was non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma (diffuse large B-cell type according to the new WHO classification). The results of some examinations were compatible with the diagnosis of primary lymphoma of the pararectal space. The patient underwent 2 courses of combination chemotherapy CHOP (consisting of cyclophosphamide, doxorubichin, vincristine, and prednisolone), and high-dose chemotherapy (ranimustine, etoposide, ifosfamide) with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. After high-dose chemotherapy, radiation therapy was performed since there was a possibility of residual tumor, and complete remission was achieved. Now, 12 months after completion of the radiation, he remains free of the disease. This is probably the first clinical case of malignant lymphoma of the pararectal space ever reported in the Japanese literature.     

53例原发胃肠道恶性淋巴瘤临床分析

目的:探讨原发胃肠道恶性淋巴瘤(PGIML)的临床特点、病理性质及其与预后的关系.方法:回顾性研究1978～1998年收治的53例PGIML临床特征、病理诊断及治疗.结果:53例PGIML中,胃ML38例,肠ML15例,Ⅰ期10例,Ⅱ期33例,Ⅲ期7例,Ⅳ期3例.最常见症状为腹痛、腹胀、食欲低下,有B症状者5例,2例霍奇金病(HD),51例非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL).B细胞来源48例,T细胞来源3例.MALT淋巴瘤29例.Ⅰ、Ⅱ期患者行根治性手术切除,术后加化疗,未行手术及Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者行化疗.随访资料完整40例.Ⅰ、Ⅱ期5年生存率为78.1%,Ⅲ、Ⅳ期为12.5%(P＜0.001).结论:PGIML临床表现无特异性,Ⅰ、Ⅱ期患者采用手术为主的综合治疗,Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者采用化疗为主的综合治疗,临床分期是影响预后的主要因素.     

The role of surgery in primary gastric non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma

A total of 15 cases of primary gastric non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma (PGML) seen between 1974 and 1985 were reviewed, and data obtained combined with reports in the literature, to define the place of surgery in this affection becoming the monopoly of chemotherapists. The indication for surgery is indisputable when the diagnosis is in doubt, and justified for ulcerated and preperforating forms and in extirpable tumoral forms of loco malignancy. It should be avoided in high grade PGML unless the operation does not delay chemotherapy. Total gastrectomy should not be performed by principle but by necessity. Abdominal exploration should include lymph node and liver biopsies. An effective total care of these patients requires close cooperation between medical and surgical teams.     

原发性胃肠道恶性淋巴瘤的诊治体会

目的探讨原发性胃肠道恶性淋巴瘤的临床特征、诊断和治疗。方法对广东省普宁市人民医院1999年1月～2009年12月普外科所收治22例原发性胃肠道恶性淋巴瘤患者临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果本组22例中,男性13例,女性9例,所有患者均经手术或内窥镜病理活检证实为恶性淋巴瘤,病理均为非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）。病灶位于胃14例,肠道8例。给予手术、放疗、化疗等综合治疗。本组随访19例,3年生存率52.6%（10/19）,5年生存率26.3%（5/19）。结论原发性胃肠道恶性淋巴瘤发病率低,临床表现复杂,易漏诊、误诊,应早期诊断,合理治疗。治疗以手术、化疗、放疗综合治疗效果良好。