宁夏回族人口残疾现况调查

目的对宁夏回族人群听力、视力、言语、智力、肢体、精神、多重残疾现患率进行调查,为制定残疾人康复工作政策提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层、概率比例、整群随即抽样方法进行抽样。使用国家标定的相关诊断标准进行确诊。结果宁夏13个县（区）共调查14222名回族人口,残疾人数926名,现患率65．11％o,低于汉族及其他民族的69．71‰;但差异无统计学意义（x^2=3．26,P〉0．05）;回族川区现患率低于汉及其他民族,回族农村现患率低于汉族及其他民族;回族残疾顺位依次为肢体、多重、视力、听力、智力、精神、言语,听力、肢体残疾明显低于汉族及其他民族,言语及多重残疾高于汉族及其他民族,0—24岁及45—64岁年龄组患病率高于汉族及其他民族。结论宁夏回族人口残疾现患率低于汉族及其他民族。通过康复训练恢复、补偿功能,提高生活处理和社会适应能力,尤其对0—24岁及45—64岁年龄组康复训练意义更大。     

五类残疾儿童现患调查与康复需求分析

目的：了解儿童残疾的发生率，致残原因及康复需求。方法：采用整群随机抽样调查的方法。对5000名0-6岁儿童进行听力、视力，肢体、智力及精神5方面的调查，统一培训调查人员，调查结果经统计学处理分析。结果：五类残疾儿童共59人，单残43人，混合残16人，残疾发生率为1.18%。残疾顺位为智力63.16%，肢体18.42%，听力7.89%，精神6.58%，视力3.95%。致残原因孕期和产时因素50.8%，原因不明28.8%，遗传及先天性疾病因素8.2%，小婴儿时生病12%，偶有意外伤害。59名残疾儿童仅有21例采取不同程度康复措施。结论：加强围产期保健，对具有高危因素的婴儿实行监控和早期干预，开展残疾儿童康复服务，是减少和预防残疾儿童的发生率，降低残疾程度提高人口素质的关系。     

2004年北京市0～6岁儿童肢体残疾抽样调查报告

目的通过调查得到北京市肢体残疾儿童的第一手资料,为北京市今后制定肢体残疾儿童的康复政策、康复规划和康复工程提供可靠依据。方法2004年4～11月由北京市残疾人联合会和北京市卫生局联合组织实施了0～6岁残疾儿童5类残疾抽样调查,包括肢体部分。结果本次调查0～6岁儿童共28738例,筛查出可疑肢体残疾256例,筛查阳性率为0.89%;确诊肢体残疾61例,残疾现患率为2.12‰;共诊断出各类肢体障碍182例,疾病现患率为6.34‰。本次调查61例肢体残疾儿童中,肢体残疾四级（轻度）30例（49.2%）,三级（中度）19例（31.1%）,二级（重度）8例（13.1%）,一级（极重度）4例（6.6%）。结论本次调查发现,0～6岁儿童肢体残疾的致残原因中大脑性瘫痪居首位,故应当特别关注大脑性瘫痪儿童的预防、诊断、治疗和康复。根据本次调查所得到的数据,提出6项政策建议,供政府和相关部门参考。     

宁夏回族自治区智力残疾流行病学调查结果分析

目的了解宁夏地区自然人群智力残疾现患情况及其原因,为本地区有效预防和康复提供科学依据。方法采用抽样调查方法,用智商诊断工具和适应行为评定工具,调查自然人群智力残疾情况。结果智力残疾的现患率为5.60‰,男女无差别,农村明显高于城市,各年龄段现患率有统计学意义,0-14岁年龄组智力残疾的现患率最高(7.71‰)。致智力残疾的原因依次是脑部疾病、原因不明、遗传。结论三级预防是减少和减轻智力残疾的有效措施,对智力残疾儿童进行早干预和康复训练是最重要的三级预防措施。     

甘肃省0-14岁儿童智力低下的现患率及分布特点

目的：了解甘肃省0-14岁儿童视力、听力、肢体、智力、精神残疾的现患率及其分布特征，重点考察智力低下儿童的现患率及分布特点。方法：2006-04-01／2006-05-31，采取分层、多阶段、整群概率比例抽样方法对13958名0-14岁儿童进行现况调查，使用丹佛发育筛查测验及Gesell发育诊断量表进行智力筛查和诊断。采用SPSS13.0软件对数据进行统计分析.结果：甘肃省0-14岁儿童智力低下现患率为8.96‰，农村现患率（9.66‰）高于城市（4.32‰），差异显著（X^2=5.17，P〈0.05）；男童（9.79‰）略高于女童（7.97‰），但差异不显著（X^2=1.307，P〉0.05）；0-8岁儿童智力低下（MR）现患率（10.84‰）明显高于9-14岁年龄组（7.24‰），差异显著（X^2=5.08，P〈0.05）.智力低下严重程度构成分别为轻度55.20％，中度23.20％，重度10.40％，极重度11.20％。结论：甘肃省儿童智力低下的防治应以轻度类型为主，重点放在农村地区。应努力创造条件，加强特殊教育，以降低轻度智力低下儿童现患率，提高人口素质。     

运城市0～6岁残疾儿童调查分析

<正>为贯彻落实山西省2017年民生实事项目中的0~6岁儿童残疾筛查工作,运城市残联与市卫生计生委共同制定了《运城市0~6岁儿童残疾筛查工作实施方案》,于2017年6月至9月30日在全市范围内开展了儿童残疾筛查工作,重点对视力、听力、肢体、智力及孤独症5类儿童进行筛查、诊断和有效干预。通过调查,掌握残疾底数、残疾种类的构成,致残疾原因等。为构建0~6岁儿童残疾筛查、诊断和康复服     

云南省某康复学校儿童乳牙龋病状况调查

目的:了解云南省某康复学校残疾儿童乳牙龋病的流行情况,为制定防治计划提供依据。方法:对云南省某康复学校1~6岁152名学生进行口腔检查,将结果进行统计分析。结果:1~6岁残疾儿童总患龋率61.18%、龋均2.99、充填率0.44%;其中男生患龋率为63.22%,女生患龋率为58.46%;听力残疾儿童患龋率为62.38%,智力残疾儿童患龋率为46.67%,孤独症儿童患龋率为64.29%,不同类型残疾的男女儿童间,乳牙患龋率、龋均比较无显著差异(P0.05);不同牙位患龋率最高的是下颌第二乳磨牙,其次是上颌乳中切牙,最低的是下颌乳侧切牙;配合差的儿童占10.52%。结论:残疾儿童的患龋率高,充填率低,患龋率随年龄增长而上升,2~3岁是儿童预防龋齿的重要阶段。     

宁夏银川市兴庆区残疾人流行病学调查

目的了解银川市兴庆区各类残疾人的数量、结构、地区分布、家庭状况及其健康教育等情况，为残疾人地救治、康复等相关事业提供信息。方法依据第二次全国残疾人抽样调查方案，采用分层、多阶段、整群、概率比例抽样方法，对所属8个小区及自然村共计3423人进行了调查。结果各类残疾现残率为5．5％，其中以听力和肢体残疾现残率最高，均为1．93％，其他依次为多重残疾（1．05％）、视力残疾（0．98％）、智力残疾（0．49％）和精神残疾（0．21％），而言语残疾的现残率（0．00）最低，各种残疾之间现残率有十分显著统计学意义。随年龄增高总的残疾现残率也在增高，高峰在65岁以上的老年患者，年龄对患病率差异有十分显著统计学意义。结论银川市兴庆区各类残疾现残率高于1987年第一次全国残疾人抽样调查水平和宁夏调查水平。     

石家庄市妇幼保健院2005年3~6岁集体儿童听力筛查报告

我国听力残疾人数居最常见的5种残疾之首（包括智力、视力、肢体、精神、听力）。据1987年全国残疾人普查结果，12亿人口中听力残疾人数约占2400万，其中7岁以下儿童约80万，12岁以下儿童100万。据2000年全国人口普查统计，我国12．95亿人口中平均年出生新生儿约2000万，按婴幼儿双耳重度以上听力损失的发病率为3‰计算，每年在我国新生儿和婴幼儿群体中听力损伤的发病人数约为6万名。为此，笔者对石家庄市城区23所幼儿园3～6岁学龄前儿童进行了听力筛查，以了解该市儿童听力现状。现报告如下。     

遵义市红花岗区213例0-6岁智力残疾儿童的调查分析

目的了解红花岗区0～6岁儿童智力残疾的患病情况及分布特征。方法用丹佛发育筛查测验及Gesell发育诊断量表进行智力筛查和智力残疾诊断。结果调查男109例，女104例，发现智力残疾3例，调查0-6岁儿童智力残疾现患率1．4％，城市低于郊区，男童低于女童。结论儿童智力残疾的防治重点在郊区农村地区，我省需结合世界发达国家及我国大城市的经验，建立自己的智力低下监测防治体系。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.