弓形虫表面抗原SAG2重组蛋白的表达及纯化

目的在大肠埃希氏菌（E．coli）中表达弓形虫表面抗原2（SAG2）,纯化制备重组蛋白rSAG2。方法采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术从弓形虫基因组中扩增出SAG2编码基因片段,以pMD-18T质粒作TA克隆,序列测定后亚克隆入表达载体pGEX-4T-2,并转化E．coliJMl09感受态菌,IPTG诱导表达rSAG2蛋白,重组rSAG2蛋白采用B—PER谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶（GsT）融合蛋白纯化试剂盒纯化并进行SDS—PAGE与免疫印迹（Western—blot）鉴定。结果SAG2编码基因扩增片段大小为469bp;测序结果显示,克隆的SAG2基因序列与GenBank中弓形虫RH株的同源序列（序列号GI：161925）完全一致;所诱导表达的含GST的融合rSAG2蛋白大小约43kDa,纯化后的rSAG2经SDS—PAGE电泳显示一条纯化条带;蛋白免疫印迹结果显示rSAG2能够被兔弓形虫感染血清所识别。结论在大肠埃希氏菌中融合表达了弓形虫SAG2重组蛋白,纯化的rSAG2蛋白具有一定的免疫活性。     

截短形式弓形虫SAG1抗原在大肠杆菌中的可溶性高效表达、纯化及免疫反应性鉴定

目的 在大肠杆菌中以可溶性形式高效表达弓形虫SAG1基因的截短片段，并进行纯化及免疫反应性鉴定。方法 利用，VcoI、HindⅢ双酶切，从本室建立的pET-30a( )-SAG1重组质粒中获取SAG1基因的截短片段，并将目的片段连接到经同样双酶切的质粒pET32a中，构建表达重组质粒pET-32a( )-trSAG1。将重组质粒转入E．coli BL21中并进行诱导表达。表达蛋白经Ni—NTA agarose纯化后，Western—blotting分析其免疫反应性。结果 成功构建重组质粒pET-32a( )-trSAG1，通过IPTG诱导得到了以可溶性形式表达的重组SAG1蛋白，相对分子质量40000，Western—blotting结果显示纯化的重组蛋白具有良好的免疫反应性，ELISA试验表明重组SAG1蛋白能被弓形虫免疫兔血清及弓形虫感染人血清识别。结论 在大肠杆菌中以可溶性形式高效表达了弓形虫SAG1基因的截短片段，表达蛋白能被弓形虫免疫兔血清及弓形虫感染人血清识别，有望成为一种有价值的诊断抗原。     

弓形虫ZS株P22基因片段的克隆、表达与融合蛋白的纯化

目的 克隆弓形虫ZS株表面抗原P22编码基因，构建原核重组表达质粒pThioHieA，B，C／P22，并在大肠杆菌(Top10)中进行表达及纯化融合蛋白。方法 PCR扩增及限制性内切酶Pst Ⅰ和Bgl Ⅱ双酶切496bp的弓形虫表面抗原P22编码基因目的片段，胶回收纯化，插入表达质粒裁体pThioHisA，B，C多克隆位点，构建置组体pThioHisA，B，C／P22，并转化大肠杆菌(E.coli)Topl0，筛选阳性克隆，以限制性酶切分析及测序鉴定后，以异丙基硫代β-D-半乳糖苷(IPTG)进行诱导，在E.coli Top10中表达，用SDS-PAGE与免疫印迹分析表达产物并纯化．结果 PCR扩增出约496bp的P22编码基因目的片段，与预期片段大小相符；所构建的pThioHisA，B，C／P22重组体阳性克隆经双酶切与测序鉴定，与预期结果一致；SDS—PAGE与免疫印迹显示，表达融合蛋白产物约35．4kD．结论 成功构建弓形虫ZS株表面抗原P22编码基因pThioHisA，B，C／P22表达质粒，诱导表达弓形虫表面抗原P22蛋白，并纯化该融合蛋白。     

小鼠TSR2-3/TSP-1基因片段的克隆及其GST融合蛋白的表达和纯化

目的：获取小鼠TSR2—3／TSP-1基因片段，并高效表达和纯化GST—TSR2—3融合蛋白。方法：应用RT—PCR技术，从小鼠肺总RNA中，获得编码TSR2—3的基因片功能片段，测序后，通过酶切克隆至表达载体pGEX-5X-2，构建重组表达载体，并导入E.coli BL21宿主菌中，IPTG诱导表达重组的GST融合蛋白，亲和层析纯化表达产物，SDS—PAGE和Westem blot进行分析鉴定。结果：获得小鼠TSR2-3基因片段，测序结果与GenBank的基因序列一致，重组GST融合蛋白经SDS-PAGE和Westem blot分析，在相对分子量39kDa处，出现特异性蛋白条带，重组蛋白经GST亲和层析柱纯化后，得到了高纯度的融合蛋白。结论：成功克隆小鼠TSR2—3基因片段，并在Ecoli BL21中高效表达，亲和层析后获得高纯度GST—TSR2—3融合蛋白。     

福氏志贺菌毒力蛋白IpaC的表达与纯化

目的：表达和纯化福氏志贺菌毒力蛋白IpaC，研究福氏志贺菌的致病机制。方法：将含有ipaC基因的pET32a-i-paC表达质粒载体转化大肠杆菌BL21（λDE3），在异丙基硫代－β－D半乳糖苷（IPTG）诱导下表达，对诱导后的表达产物进行SDS－PAGE鉴定，并采用QIA expressionist^TM蛋白纯化系统来纯化目的蛋白。结果：诱导后的表达产物经SDS－PAGE发现有一相对分子质量约为63000的条带，其含量约占总蛋白量的11％，以350mmol/L咪唑洗脱液洗脱，目的蛋白纯度可达90％以上，结论：pET32a-ipaC重组表达质粒转入大肠杆菌后，可稳定，高效地表达目的蛋白，QIA－expressionistTM蛋白纯化系统是一种简便，高效的纯化系统，可获得高纯度的目的蛋白。     

弓形虫RH株微线体蛋白MIC3的原核表达及其免疫反应性

目的 克隆表达弓形虫RH株MIC3基因,并对重组蛋白进行免疫反应性分析.方法 应用PCR技术扩增弓形虫RH株MIC3基因,将目的基因片段分别克隆至pET28a(+)和pET32a(+)两种表达载体中构建重组质粒,重组质粒转化至大肠杆菌体BL21(DE3)中,经IPTG诱导表达后,表达产物进行SDS-PAGE电泳分析和Western-blot鉴定.结果 成功从弓形虫RH株基因组DNA中克隆出大小约1080bp MIC3基因片段;重组质粒pET28a-MIC3和pET32a-MIC3经过酶切和PCR鉴定,及测序分析,表明重组质粒构建正确.两种重组质粒分别诱导表达后进行SDS-PAGE电泳分析,诱导表达产物分别在50 KD及70KD左右出现目的条带,Westem-blot分析显示重组蛋白对弓形虫慢性感染小鼠血清具有特异免疫反应性.结论 原核表达了弓形虫MIC3重组蛋白,所表达的重组蛋白具有免疫反应性,为下一步利用重组蛋白进行弓形虫病的诊断和疫苗研究奠定基础.     

截短形式弓形虫SAG1抗原在大肠杆菌中的可溶性高效表达、纯化及免疫反应性鉴定

目的在大肠杆菌中以可溶性形式高效表达弓形虫SAG1基因的截短片段,并进行纯化及免疫反应性鉴定。方法利用NcoⅠ、HindⅢ双酶切,从本室建立的pET-30a( )-SAG1重组质粒中获取SAG1基因的截短片段,并将目的片段连接到经同样双酶切的质粒pET32a中,构建表达重组质粒pET-32a( )-trSAG1。将重组质粒转入E.coliBL21中并进行诱导表达。表达蛋白经Ni-NTA agarose纯化后, Western-blotting分析其免疫反应性。结果成功构建重组质粒pET-32a( )-trSAG1 ,通过IPTG诱导得到了以可溶性形式表达的重组SAG1蛋白,相对分子质量40 000,Western-blotting结果显示纯化的重组蛋白具有良好的免疫反应性,ELISA试验表明重组SAG1蛋白能被弓形虫免疫兔血清及弓形虫感染人血清识别。结论在大肠杆菌中以可溶性形式高效表达了弓形虫SAG1基因的截短片段,表达蛋白能被弓形虫免疫兔血清及弓形虫感染人血清识别,有望成为一种有价值的诊断抗原。     

结核分枝杆菌esat6基因原核表达载体的构建和表达

目的：构建结核分枝杆菌(MTb)esat6基因原核表达载体并进行表达。方法：PCR扩增MTbeast6基因，克隆入pQE30质粒，测序正确后，再亚克隆入pET32a( )质粒，构建PQE30—ESAT6和PET32a( )—ESAT6重组体。结果：重组体分别转化DH5α和BL21(DE3)菌后，经IPTG诱导，pQE30—ESAT6未表达目的蛋白，而PET32α( )—ESAT6表达出19kDA左右重组蛋白。SDS—PAGE分析显示，IPTG诱导4h重组蛋白表达量最高，表达蛋白以可溶性非包涵体形式存在于胞浆中，表达量占全菌蛋白质的42％，用Westermblotting证实其有良好的抗原性；经过Ni—NTA柱纯化，获得纯度为92％的重组蛋白。结论：成功构建原核表达载体pET32a( )—ESAT6，并获得重组ESAT6蛋白，为MTb重组抗原的应用奠定基础。     

产气荚膜梭菌α毒素亚单位基因的表达及表达产物活性分析

含有产气荚膜梭菌α毒素基因序列的克隆载体pMD18TCα ,经BamHⅠ和HindⅢ内切酶双酶切后 ,将α毒素亚单位基因亚克隆到原核表达载体pET30b中 ,构建表达载体pET30bPα。经酶切和测序鉴定 ,α毒素基因中的90 0bp的片段正确插入到表达载体中。重组菌株BL2 1(DE3)pET30bPα经IPTG诱导的表达产物经SDS PAGE和Western_blot分析 ,表达出大小为 38× 10 3的重组蛋白具有和α毒素阳性血清发生特异性的免疫反应。     

重组变形链球菌V+蛋白的表达和纯化

目的：探讨变形链球菌表面蛋白可变区（V＋）基因在大肠杆菌中高效诱导表达及其表达产物的进一步纯化。方法：将V＋基因以C端融合6个组氨酸的形式在E.coli BL21(DE3)中进行IPTG诱导表达。His6融合表达产物经金属离子（Ni^2 )融体亲和层析分离纯化，SDS－PAGE电泳和Western blot印迹分析表达产物。结果：SDS－PAGE分析确定有与His6融合表达产物（His6-rV )理论相对分子质量一致的诱导表达条带，其表达量占全菌蛋白的20％左右，表达产物以可溶形式存在。进一步纯化目的蛋白，纯度可达90％。Western blot实验表明表达产物具有良好的抗原性。结论：His6融合表达载体可以高效地表达和纯化重组V＋蛋白。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.