牙周支持治疗对维持基础治疗长期效果的作用

目的 观察牙周支持治疗对维持基础治疗长期效果的作用。方法 对在口腔医院接受过牙周治疗的患者进行回顾性研究,其中接受支持治疗16例,未接受支持治疗14例（对照组）。牙周临床检查包括牙周袋探诊深度(PD)、探诊出血(BOP)阳性位点(+),比较初诊,6周复诊以及最后一次复诊时的上诉各项临床检查指标。结果 6周复查时两组的PD和BOP(+)位点百分比明显降低,差异无统计学意义。最后一次复诊时支持治疗组的PD为2.83 mm,BOP(+)位点百分比为15.49%,与初诊比较差异有统计学意义;而对照组的PD为3.51 mm,BOP(+)位点百分比为60.42%,与初诊比较差别无统计学意义,与支持治疗组比较差别有统计学意义。结论 牙周基础治疗可以有效控制牙周炎症,但是其炎症控制的长期效果需要通过支持治疗来维持。     

不同吸烟强度对慢性牙周炎患者牙周非手术治疗效果的影响

目的:探讨不同吸烟强度对慢性牙周炎非手术治疗效果的影响。方法:将81名男性牙周炎患者根据是否吸烟及吸烟强度分为非吸烟组及轻、重度吸烟组(n=27)。3组患者分别在牙周治疗前(T0)及治疗后3(T3)、6(T6)个月时,检测各组患者的牙周袋探诊深度(PD)、临床附着丧失(CAL)及探诊出血(BOP)情况;并进行统计学分析。结果:组内比较结果显示,与T0时相比,T3、T6时3组的PD、CAL及BOP均显著降低(P<0.05); 3组间两两相比,PD、CAL在T3、T6时均有显著差异(P<0.05)。治疗后3、6个月时,非吸烟组PD、CAL的减少值均大于轻、重度吸烟组的减少值(P<0.05);轻、重度吸烟组相比则无明显差异(P>0.05)。各时间点各组间的BOP变化均未见明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:吸烟会影响牙周非手术治疗的效果,并且与吸烟的强度无关。     

伴糖尿病的慢性牙周炎患者牙周基础治疗效果研究

目的研究牙周基础治疗对伴有糖尿病的慢性牙周炎患者的治疗效果。方法选择伴Ⅱ型糖尿病的老年慢性牙周炎患者(糖尿病组)与不伴糖尿病的老年慢性牙周炎患者(非糖尿病组)各20例行牙周基础治疗,记录并比较两组患者在基线和术后3、6、12个月的菌斑指数、牙龈指数、探诊出血、探诊深度、附着丧失等指标。结果牙周基础治疗对两组患者均有较好的治疗效果,各项指标均明显改善,与基线水平比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),而两组间各项牙周指数的改善在术后3、6、12个月差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论牙周基础治疗对伴有糖尿病的老年慢性牙周炎患者在短期内(12个月)有良好的治疗效果。     

吸烟对牙周炎治疗效果的影响

吸烟被认为是牙周炎的一个危险因素，许多研究表明，吸烟人群中牙周病的流行程度和严重程度均有所增高。本文比较吸烟和不吸烟牙周炎患者的治疗效果和预后，以观察吸烟对牙周炎的治疗有否影响。１材料和方法１．１病例来源收集１９９６、１９９７年在我科就诊的中等程度以...     

牙周基础治疗对慢性牙周炎患者临床指标及5种牙周可疑致病微生物的影响

目的:观察牙周基础治疗对临床指标及5种牙周可疑致病微生物的影响。方法:选取20例慢性牙周炎患者(40个位点),在治疗前和基础治疗后3个月时检测观测位点的临床指标牙周探诊深度(PPD),临床附着丧失(CAL)和探诊出血(BOP),同时采集龈下微生物样本。采用PCR和反杂交的方法对所采集微生物样本中的牙龈卟啉单胞菌、福赛斯坦纳菌,中间普氏菌、伴放线放线杆菌和齿垢密螺旋体进行半定量检测。结果:通过牙周基础治疗后临床指标PPD及BOP的改善具有统计学意义(P<0.001),而CAL的改善不具有统计学意义。治疗后牙龈卟啉单胞菌、福赛斯坦纳菌和齿垢密螺旋体的检出量显著减少(P<0.05或P<0.001)。治疗前PPD>6mm的位点只有福赛斯坦纳菌在治疗后比治疗前有显著减少(P<0.05),而牙龈卟啉单胞菌和齿垢密螺旋体的变化不具有统计学意义。结论:基础治疗是治疗慢性牙周炎的有效方法,可改善临床指标,减少龈下牙龈卟啉单胞菌、福赛斯坦纳菌和齿垢密螺旋体的数量。但在PPD>6mm的位点基础治疗对于这五微生物的影响作用是有限的。     

吸烟对牙周基础治疗前后龈沟液量和弹性蛋白酶水平的影响

目的　评价吸烟是否影响牙周炎基础治疗前、后龈沟液 (gingivalcrevicularfluid ,GCF)量和龈沟液中弹性蛋白酶 (elastase ,EA)的水平。方法　将 37例男性慢性牙周炎患者分为吸烟组 (2 2例 ,12 2个牙位点 ,每日吸烟≥ 2 0支 )和非吸烟组 (15例 ,90个牙位点 )。牙周炎基础治疗前、后用滤纸条法收集GCF ,用Periotron 6 0 0 0龈沟液测量仪测定GCF量。对吸烟组 92个位点和非吸烟组 6 0个位点GCF样本 ,用底物分解法检测EA水平。结果　治疗前吸烟组GCF量 (139 2± 33 4 )U和EA水平(0 6 34± 0 5 87)明显低于非吸烟组 [GCF量 :(15 5 4± 39 7)U ,EA水平 :0 835± 0 5 72 ],P <0 0 1。治疗后 ,两组GCF量和EA水平均显著降低 (P <0 0 0 1)。但吸烟组 91个位点 (74 6 % )GCF和 70个位点(76 1% )的EA水平治疗后有改善 ;而非吸烟组高达 88个位点 (97 8% )GCF和 5 6个位点 (93 3% )的EA水平有改善 (P <0 0 1)。结论　治疗前探诊深度相同的情况下 ,吸烟组GCF量和EA水平均低于非吸烟组 ,治疗后吸烟组的GCF和EA的减少程度不如非吸烟组明显。     

吸烟对牙周炎基础治疗后龈沟液TNF-α和IL-10的影响

目的通过检测吸烟与不吸烟慢性牙周炎患者牙周基础治疗前、后龈沟液肿瘤坏死因子-α和白细胞介素-10的变化,分析吸烟对治疗效果的影响。方法选择男性慢性牙周炎患者27例,分为吸烟组12例和不吸烟组15例。在牙周基础治疗前和治疗后1个月分别测定龈沟液TNF-α和IL-10水平以及牙周临床指标。结果基础治疗前、后牙周探诊深度的下降值吸烟组低于不吸烟组（P〈0.05）。临床附着丧失的下降值吸烟组与不吸烟组差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。TNF-α浓度的下降值吸烟组低于不吸烟组（P〈0.05）。IL-10浓度的升高值吸烟组低于不吸烟组（P〈0.05）。结论吸烟影响牙周基础治疗效果。     

牙周炎基础治疗对咬合力和牙周状况影响的观察

目的 探讨牙周基础治疗对慢性牙周炎(CP)牙周状况和最大咬合力的影响。方法 重度CP病例27例,每病例双侧磨牙各选择一患牙(初诊患牙牙周袋≥5mm,牙松动度≤Ⅱ度),随机分为龈上洁治组(S组)和根面平整组(P组)。S组患牙给予龈上洁治、碘氧液冲洗疗法;P组患牙予以龈上洁治、根面平整和碘氧液冲洗疗法。分别在治疗前和治疗后1、3、6个月测定息牙的咬合力值、龈炎指数(GI)、牙周袋深度(PD)。结果 ①P组治疗后1、3、6个月,最大咬合力值较治疗前有显著性提高(P<0.05);S组与治疗前无显著性差异(P>0.10)。②治疗后1个月,两组的咬合力值无显著性差异(P>0.05);治疗后3、6个月,P组的咬合力显著高于S组(P<0.01);③治疗后3、6个月,P组的GI值、PD值显著低于S组(P<0.001)。结论 洁治、根面平整治疗对于CP患牙的最大咬合力、GI、PD的改善是持续性的,较龈上洁治有显著性差异。     

牙周基础治疗对2型糖尿病伴牙周炎患者血清氧化应激水平的影响

目的 探讨2型糖尿病伴牙周炎患者牙周基础治疗后对牙周临床指标及外周血血清氧化应激水平的影响.方法 选择2017年7月至2018年2月在我院就诊接受牙周基础治疗的2型糖尿病伴牙周炎患者24例及中重度牙周炎患者22例,以牙周健康者20例作为对照,采集2型糖尿病伴牙周炎患者、中重度牙周炎患者及健康者的外周血,采用酶联免疫吸附...     

血脂水平与牙周炎发病相关性及牙周基础治疗对血脂的影响

目的探究血脂水平与牙周炎发病的相关性及牙周基础治疗对血脂水平的影响。 方法选取2018年3月至2019年3月深圳市龙华区中心医院口腔科收治的118例慢性牙周炎患者，根据牙周炎严重程度分为轻度组（36例）、中度组（52例）、重度组（30例），另取同期30例牙周健康且无全身系统疾病的体检者为对照组，应用t检验比较牙周炎患者和对照组之间、牙周基础治疗前后血清三酰甘油（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平，单因素方差分析比较轻度组、中度组、重度组的TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C水平，应用采用Logistic回归分析血脂与牙周炎发病的相关性，并观察牙周基础治疗后血脂水平变化。 结果118例慢性牙周炎患者牙周基础治疗前血清TG、TC、HDL-C和LDL-C水平分别为（2.2 ± 0.8）、（5.3 ± 1.0）、（1.3 ± 0.3）和（2.8 ± 0.6）mmol/L，与对照组[（1.5 ± 0.7）、（4.4 ± 0.9）、（1.9 ± 0.3）和（1.8 ± 0.5）mmol/L]相比，差异均有统计学意义（t_TG = 4.306，P_TG = 0.036；t_TC = 6.781，P_TC = 0.028；t_HDL-C = 5.023，P_HDL-C = 0.031；t_LDL-C = 4.974，P_LDL-C = 0.034）。并且，随着牙周炎程度加重，HDL-C水平逐渐降低，差异无统计学意义（F = 0.933，P = 0.192），而TG、TC和LDL-C水平及高脂血症占比逐渐升高，差异有统计学意义（F_TG = 5.762，P_TG = 0.033；F_TC = 6.237，P_TC = 0.029；F_LDL-C = 6.685，P_LDL-C = 0.024；χ²_{高脂血症占比} = 4.513，P_{高脂血症占比} = 0.039）。Logistic回归分析显示，牙周炎是导致TG、TC、LDL-C升高的独立性危险因素（OR_TG = 3.264，95% CI_TG = 1.733 ~ 5.934；OR_TC = 2.937，95% CI_TC = 1.342 ~ 4.926；OR_LDL-C = 2.427，95% CI_LDL-C = 1.256 ~ 3.125）。牙周基础治疗后，轻中度患者血清TG、TC、LDL-C水平较治疗前降低，HDL-C水平较治疗前升高，差异有统计学意义。 结论牙周炎是TG、TC、LDL-C升高的独立性危险因素，牙周基础治疗可有助改善血脂水平，降低动脉粥样硬化、心血管疾病发生风险。     

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目的评价利用Florida探针对不同程度牙周炎的基础治疗疗效。方法随机选择2005年6月至2007年6月期间,中国医科大学口腔医学院牙周科轻度、中度和重度牙周炎患者各50例为研究对象,全部行牙周基础治疗。患者在治疗前和治疗结束后3个月时采用Florida探针检测患者的探诊深度(PD)和临床附着丧失(CAL),检测位点为患者全口天然牙(不包括第三磨牙)的近中颊、颊侧正中、远中颊和舌侧正中4个位点。轻度牙周炎共检测1370颗牙5480个位点,中度牙周炎1180颗牙4720个位点,重度牙周炎940颗牙3760个位点,比较治疗前后PD、CAL的变化。结果中、重度牙周炎的PD和CAL均有明显改善(P<0.05)。轻度牙周炎PD治疗前后的改变差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),附着丧失略微加重。结论牙周基础治疗对中、重度牙周炎具有良好的治疗效果。轻度牙周炎在治疗时应注意避免器械的过度使用,以免引起医源性损伤。Florida探针能够较准确、客观地评价牙周状况。     

Effect of cigarette smoking on periodontal healing following surgical therapy

The influence of cigarette smoking on the outcome of surgical therapy was investigated in 54 patients, 24 of whom were smokers. The patients had moderate to severe periodontitis with persisting diseased pockets after non-surgical therapy. The surgical modality used was the modified Widman flap operation and the pockets under scrutiny were those with an initial probing depth of 4-6 mm. Re-examination was made 12 months following the completion of surgery. The probing depth reduction at the 12-month follow-up was 0.76 +/- 0.36 mm (mean +/- SD) in smokers as compared to 1.27 +/- 0.43 mm in non-smokers. The difference was statistically significant (P less than 0.001) and persisted after accounting for plaque. The results suggest that smoking may impair the outcome of surgical therapy.     

侵袭性牙周炎患者牙周基础治疗的疗效观察

目的评价侵袭性牙周炎牙周基础治疗的效果。方法选择2006年9月-2008年12月于中国医科大学口腔医院牙周科就诊的48例侵袭性牙周炎患者为研究对象,其中局限型侵袭性牙周炎（LAgP）20例,广泛型侵袭性牙周炎（GAgP）28例。所有患者均进行牙周基础治疗,分别在治疗前和治疗结束后1、3、6个月检测全口牙的探诊深度（PD）、临床附着丧失（CAL）、出血指数（BI）和牙齿松动度。结果LAgP和GAgP患者在治疗后1、3、6个月的PD、CAL、BI和牙齿松动度较治疗前均有明显改善（P<0.05）。LAgP患者的PD、CAL在治疗后3个月与治疗后1个月比较,GAgP患者的PD、CAL在治疗后6个月与治疗后3个月比较,其差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。所有患者第一恒磨牙治疗后1、3、6个月的CAL较同期中切牙的改善情况更明显。结论牙周基础治疗对侵袭性牙周炎具有良好的治疗效果,GAgP和LAgP患者牙周基础治疗后的中期效果有差异。     

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目的评价牙周基础治疗对侵袭性牙周炎（AgP）患者的疗效。方法选择2011年2月至2012年7月南京大学医学院附属口腔医院牙周科就诊的AgP患者58例,进行全口牙周基础治疗。于治疗后1、3、6个月复查,检查患者口中所有天然牙的牙周探诊深度（PD）、附着丧失（CAL）、探诊出血（BOP）、牙龈退缩（GR）,记录松动度。结果治疗后1个月大体观察牙龈组织炎症明显好转,牙龈色泽、形态在多数牙位恢复正常。治疗后3个月PD、CAL与治疗前相比降低,差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）;GR增加、松动度好转,但差异无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。治疗后6个月PD、CAL与治疗前相比降低,GR较治疗前增加,差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）;松动度好转,但差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。治疗后6个月与治疗后3个月相比,各项临床指标差异均无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。治疗后3、6个月,≥3．5mm牙周袋和BOP所占比例与治疗前相比明显下降,差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）。结论基础治疗是治疗AgP的有效手段,中短期疗效可靠。     

Effect of smoking and periodontal treatment on the subgingival microflora

BACKGROUND: The effect of smoking on the prevalence of periodontal pathogens after periodontal treatment is still not clear. Some studies found no effect of the smoking status on the prevalence of periodontal pathogens after therapy, whereas others did. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the influence of smoking on the treatment of periodontitis and the composition of the subgingival microflora. METHOD: The study included 59 periodontitis patients (mean age 41.5 years): 30 smokers and 29 nonsmokers. The treatment consisted of initial periodontal therapy and, if necessary, surgery and/or antibiotics. Clinical and microbiological data were obtained before and after treatment at the deepest site in each quadrant. A pooled sample was analysed for the presence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Prevotalla intermedia (Pi), Bacteroides forsythus (Bf), Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) and Peptostreptococcus micros (Pm). RESULTS: For smokers and nonsmokers a significant improvement of the clinical condition was found after treatment. A decrease could be assessed for bleeding on probing (smokers: 0.46; nonsmokers: 0.52) and probing pocket depth (PPD) (smokers: 1.64 mm; nonsmokers: 2.09 mm). Furthermore, both groups showed gain of attachment (smokers: 0.68 mm; nonsmokers: 1.46 mm). No significant difference in bleeding on probing and PPD reduction was found between smokers and nonsmokers. In contrast, nonsmokers showed significantly more gain of attachment than smokers. The microbiological results revealed no differences in the prevalence of the various bacteria between smokers and nonsmokers before treatment. After treatment in nonsmokers, a significant decrease was found in the prevalence of Aa (11-3), Pg (17-7), Pi (27-11), Bf (27-11), Fn (28-20) and Pm (27-17). In smokers, a significant decrease could be shown only for the prevalence of Pg (15-5). CONCLUSIONS: Nonsmokers showed more gain of attachment and a greater decrease in the prevalence of periodontal bacteria as compared to smokers. The phenomenon that among smokers, more patients remain culture positive for periodontal pathogens after therapy, may contribute to the often observed unfavourable treatment results in smoker periodontitis patients.     

Effect of cigarette smoking on periodontal healing following GTR in infrabony defects

Abstract This retrospective study examined the effect of cigarette smoking on the healing response following guided tissue regeneration (GTR) in deep infrabony defects. 71 defects in 51 patients underwent GTR with teflon membranes. 20 patients (32 defects) smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day, while 31 patients (39 defects) did not smoke. Clinical measurements were available at baseline, at membrane removal and at the 1-year follow-up. The oral hygiene of both groups was good, but smokers had significantly higher full mouth plaque scores. No significant differences were observed between smokers and non-smokers in terms of % of tissue gained at membrane removal. At the 1-year follow up, however, smokers gained significantly less probing attachment level than non-smokers (2.1 ± 1.2 mm compared with 5.2 ± 1.9 mm). A multivariate model, correcting for the oral hygiene level of the patients and the depth of the infrabony component, indicated that smoking was in itself a significant factor in determining the clinical outcome. A risk-assessment analysis indicated that smokers had a significantly greater risk than non-smokers to display a reduced probing attachment level gain following GTR. It is concluded that cigarette smoking is associated with a reduced healing response after GTR treatment, and may be responsible, at least in part, for the observed results.     

Molar furcation involvement associated with cigarette smoking in periodontal referrals

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cigarette smoking and furcation involvement in molar teeth. A consecutive group of 50 smokers were recruited from referrals to a periodontal clinic and age and gender matched with never smokers. Smokers consumed an average of 18.0 (SD 6.7) cigarettes per day and had smoked for 20.7 (SD 6.5) years. Radiographs of all molar teeth were assessed 2 × by an examiner blinded to the smoking status. Smokers had slightly fewer molar teeth 6.7 (SD 2.6) than the never smokers. 7.3 (SD 2.3), t= 1.2, P=0.22. More smokers (72%) had evidence of furcation involvement than never smokers (36%), χ²=13.0, P=0.0003. The odds ratio for a smoker having 1 molar with furcation involvement was 4.6 (c.i. 2 – 10.6). Smokers had more molars with furcation involvement 1.94 (SD 1.7) compared with never smokers, 0.94 (SD 1.4), t= 3.1. P= 0.003. It is concluded that cigarette smoking is associated with a greater expression of molar furcation involvement in periodontitis affected subjects.     

The effects of cigarette smoking on the periodontal condition of young Jordanian adults

BACKGROUND: Several studies have reported an association between smoking and periodontal destruction in young adults. AIMS: To investigate the effects of cigarette smoking on the periodontal condition of young Jordanian adults. METHODS: A case-control study of young adults between the ages of 20 and 35 years who were attending a dental hospital in Jordan for routine dental treatment. A group of 100 subjects who had smoked for at least 2 years were compared with 100 age- and sex-matched never smokers. Clinical measurements of plaque, bleeding on probing and probing depth were recorded and interproximal bone levels related to molar teeth were assessed from bitewing radiographs. RESULTS: The smokers had higher levels of plaque, more sites which bled in response to probing and a greater mean probing depth than never smokers. The unadjusted odds ratio for smoking to be associated with the presence of more than 10 pockets which were > or =4 mm was 3.08 (95% confidence interval 1.58-6.03). The proportion of measurable surfaces in smokers (22.7%) which had bone levels > or =3 mm below the cementoenamel junction was significantly higher (P<0.0001) than in never smokers (7.4%). Independent predictors of reduced bone levels in multivariate analysis were infrequent interdental cleaning (P=0.03), age of 30 or older (P=0.03) and smoking (P<0.0001). Within the multivariate analysis the adjusted odds ratio for smoking to be associated with reduced molar bone levels was 4.95 (confidence interval 2.48-9.88). CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that cigarette smoking was a major environmental factor associated with accelerated periodontal destruction in the young adult Jordanians investigated.