鞘内注射含HPPE基因HSV-1型扩增子载体对大鼠细胞免疫功能的影响

目的 观察鞘内注射含人前脑啡肽原(HPPE)基因单纯疱疹病毒1(HSV-1)型扩增子载体对大鼠细胞免疫功能的影响.方法 24只成年雄性SD大鼠,采用改良Yaksh法进行鞘内置管后,随机分为3组(n=8):生理盐水组(NS组)、pHSVIRES-LacZ空白载体组(SHZ组)和pHSVIRES-HPPE-LacZ载体组(SHPZ组).置管后5 d鞘内注射NS、SHZ或SHPZ各8 μl,注射后1周行福尔马林实验,评估镇痛效果后处死大鼠,称量体重及脾脏重量,计算脾脏指数,并分离、培养脾脏淋巴细胞,甲基-3H胸腺嘧啶核苷掺入法检测T淋巴细胞增殖转化水平,乳酸脱氢酶释放法检测自然杀伤(NK)细胞活力,流式细胞仪检测脾脏T淋巴细胞及其亚群和NK细胞表型百分率.结果 与NS组和SHZ组比较,SHPZ组在福尔马林给药后5 min和15～60 min时痛级评分降低(P<0.05或0.01).NS组脾脏指数(5.8±0.3)mg/g,SHZ组脾脏指数(5.8±0.9)mg/g,SHPZ组脾脏指数(5.9±0.7)mg/g,3组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05).与NS组比较,SHPZ组和SHZ组T淋巴细胞增殖转化水平、NK细胞活力及CD3+、CD3+ CD4+、CD3+ CD8+、CD161+的百分率升高(P<0.05);与SHZ组比较,SHPZ组T淋巴细胞增殖转化水平、NK细胞活力和CD3+ CD4+、CD3+ CD8+、CD161+的百分率升高(P<0.05).结论 大鼠鞘内注射含HPPE基因HSV-1型扩增子载体在产生良好的抗伤害作用时,不抑制细胞免疫功能.     

骨癌痛大鼠脊髓脑啡肽表达的变化

目的观察脊髓脑啡肽在大鼠骨癌痛中的表达变化。方法雌性未交配Wistar大鼠72只,体重160～180g,随机均分为两组:骨癌痛组（B组）和空白对照组（C组）。B组制成骨癌痛模型,C组为假手术组,B组和C组分别在左胫骨中上端注射Walker256乳腺癌细胞2×10⁵个或PBS液,体积为10μl。所有大鼠于术前1d、术后7、14、21d时测定机械痛阈和左后肢抬足时间。大鼠行影像学检测判定其胫骨骨质破坏情况。两组于术后7、14、21d各取12只大鼠分别处死,取左侧胫骨作HE染色,组织学鉴定肿瘤生长及骨质破坏的程度;取腰膨大L₄～L₆脊髓组织,采用逆转录-定量聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）测定前脑啡肽原（PENK）mRNA表达情况和放射免疫法（ELISA）检测脊髓组织中亮氨酸脑啡肽（L-EK）的含量变化。结果与C组比较,B组术后7、14、21d机械痛阈进行性下降（P<0.01）,左后肢抬足时间进行性延长（P<0.01）。与C组比较,B组术后7d脊髓PENK mRNA和L-EK增加,14、21d脊髓PENK mRNA和L-EK逐渐减少（P<0.01）。结论脊髓脑啡肽的表达在大鼠骨癌痛中明显变化,推测脊髓脑啡肽在骨癌痛产生和维持中起重要作用。     

脑源性神经营养因子对大鼠瑞芬太尼麻醉后切口痛的影响

目的 观察脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)对瑞芬太尼麻醉后切口痛大鼠行为的影响,探讨瑞芬太尼诱发痛觉过敏的机制.方法 60只SD大鼠术前6d鞘内置管,随机分为5组(n=12):对照组C组(鞘内注射生理盐水),切口痛I +NS组(切口并鞘内注射生理盐水),切口痛I+BR组(切口并鞘内注射BDNF抗体),瑞芬太尼I+R+NS组(应用瑞芬太尼、切口并鞘内注射生理盐水),瑞芬太尼I+R+BR组(应用瑞芬太尼、切口并鞘内注射BDNF抗体).按照Brennan法行切口模型手术,生理盐水、瑞芬太尼和BDNF抗体均在术中给予.分别于术前24 h(基础值),术后24、48h测定机械痛阈.结果 与术前24h比较,C组术后机械痛阈值差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),I+NS组、I+BR组、I+R+NS组及I+R+BR组机械痛阈明显降低(P＜0.05).术后24 h及48 h机械痛阈,与C组比较,I +NS组、I+BR组、I+R+NS和I+R+BR组机械痛降低(P＜0.05);与I+NS组比较,I+BR组机械痛阈升高,I+R+NS组和I+R+BR组机械痛阈降低(P＜0.05);与I+BR组比较,I+R+NS组和I+R+BR组机械痛阈降低(P＜0.05);与I+R+NS组比较,I+R+BR组机械痛阈升高(P＜0.05).结论 瑞芬太尼可能通过上调切口痛大鼠中枢神经系统BDNF表达而诱导痛觉过敏.     

脊髓背角膜结合型补体调节蛋白表达在大鼠神经病理性痛形成中的作用

目的 评价脊髓背角膜结合型补体调节蛋白表达在大鼠神经病理性痛形成中的作用.方法 健康雄性SD大鼠,体重200 ～ 250 g.取48只鞘内置管成功的大鼠,采用随机数字表法,将其分为4组(n=12):假手术组(S组)、神经病理性痛组(NP组)、生理盐水组(NS组)和米诺环素组(M组).NP组、NS组和M组采用坐骨神经环形结扎法制备大鼠神经病理性痛模型,S组只分离坐骨神经后逐层缝合.M组于结扎坐骨神经前ld开始鞘内注射米诺环素50 μg,NS组鞘内注射等容量生理盐水,1次/d,连续7d.于结扎坐骨神经前1 d(T0)、结扎后1 d(T1)、3 d(T2)和7 d(T3)时测定大鼠机械痛阈和热痛阈.于T3痛阈测定结束后断头处死大鼠,取L4.5脊髓背角组织,分别用Western blot法和RT-PCR法检测CD46、CD55、CD59蛋白及其mRNA的表达水平.结果 与S组比较,NP组、NS组和M组T1-3时机械痛阈和热痛阈降低,T3时脊髓背角CD46、CD55、CD59蛋白及其mRNA表达下调(P＜0.05);与NS组和NP组比较,M组T2.3时机械痛阈和热痛阈升高,T3时脊髓背角CD46、CD55、CD59蛋白及其mRNA表达上调(P＜0.05).结论 脊髓背角膜结合补体调节蛋白表达下调,补体异常活化参与了大鼠神经病理性痛的形成.     

鞘内转染重组腺病毒介导入神经生长因子β基因对神经病理性痛大鼠的镇痛作用

目的评价鞘内转染重组腺病毒介导人神经生长因子β（Ad-hNGFβ）基因对神经病理性痛大鼠的镇痛作用。方法雄性SD大鼠96只,体重200～250 g,随机分为3组（n=32）,假手术组（Ⅰ组）假手术后立即鞘内注射人工脑脊液;Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组制备坐骨神经慢性压迫性损伤（CCI）模型,术后分别立即鞘内注射人工脑脊液或Ad-hNGFβ基因。分别于术前1d（基础值）和转染后4～28 d每4天测定整体行为学评分、机械痛阈和热痛阈;每组分别于转染后4、7、14及28 d各处死8只大鼠,取脊髓组织,每个时点的4个标本用于测定hNGFβ表达（免疫组化方法）,每个时点的另外4个标本用于测定hNGFβ的含量（ELISA法）。结果Ⅲ组脊髓出现hNGFβ表达;Ⅲ组脊髓hNGFβ含量高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组（P〈0.01）;与Ⅰ组比较,Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组行为学评分升高,机械痛阈及热痛阈均降低（P〈0.05或0.01）;与Ⅱ组比较,Ⅲ组行为学评分及机械痛阈差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,转染后8～24 d热痛阈升高（P〈0.05）。结论CCI诱导的慢性神经病理性痛大鼠鞘内转染Ad-hNGFβ基因后,可在脊髓组织持续、高效表达,且能减轻热痛觉过敏,但对机械痛觉过敏无影响。     

N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸受体在大鼠中枢炎性痛形成中的作用

目的探讨N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸（NMDA）受体在大鼠中枢炎性痛形成中的作用。方法SD大鼠30只,体重220～250 g,随机分为3组（n=10）：对照组（C组）、脂多糖组（LPS组）和MK-801组。MK-801组于鞘内注射LPS前2 h,腹腔注射MK-801 0.3 mg/kg,LPS组和C组腹腔注射等容量生理盐水。LPS组和MK-801组鞘内注射LPS 0.1 mg,C组鞘内注射等量生理盐水。于鞘内注射LPS前即刻、鞘内注射LPS后1、3、6、12、24 h时,测定热伤害性刺激痛阈和机械性触痛痛阈。鞘内注射LPS后24 h取腰段脊髓,测定一氧化氮（NO）含量、一氧化氮合酶（NOS）和诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）活性。结果鞘内注射LPS后,与C组比较,LPS组热伤害性刺激痛阈降低、机械性触痛痛阈升高,MK-801组热伤害性刺激痛阈升高、机械性触痛痛阈降低（P〈0.05）;与LPS组比较,MK-801组热伤害性刺激痛阈升高、机械性触痛痛阈降低（P〈0.01）。鞘内注射LPS后,与C组比较,LPS组NO含量、NOS和iNOS活性均升高,MK-801组NO含量降低,NOS活性升高（P〈0.01）;与LPS组比较,MK-801组NO含量、NOS和iNOS活性均降低（P〈0.05）。结论NMDA受体的激活通过升高脊髓NO含量、NOS和iNOS活性,参与了鞘内注射LPS诱导的大鼠中枢炎性痛的形成。     

脊髓谷氨酸转运体、孤啡肽和脑源性神经营养因子在炎性痛大鼠吗啡耐受形成中的作用

目的 探讨脊髓谷氨酸转运体(GT)、孤啡肽(OFQ)和脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)在炎性痛大鼠吗啡耐受形成中的作用.方法 健康雄性SD大鼠,8～ 10周龄,体重300 ～ 350 g,取鞘内置管成功的雄性SD大鼠20只,采用随机数字表法,将其随机分为4组(n=5):生理盐水组(NS组)、炎性痛组(IP组)、吗啡组(M组)和GT激动剂riluzole组(R组).NS组于左后足踝关节腔注射生理盐水50μl,其余3组注射完全弗氏佐剂50 μl.3d后,NS组和IP组鞘内注射生理盐水10 μl;M组鞘内注射吗啡10 μg;R组鞘内注射riluzole 10 μg,30 min后注射吗啡10 μg.注射药物容量均为10μl,2次/d,连续7d.于鞘内给药前、鞘内给药2、4、6d和鞘内给药结束后1 d(T0-4)时测定机械痛阈.于T4时痛阈测定后取左侧脊髓背角,采用RT-PCR法测定OFQ mRNA和BDNF mRNA的表达.结果 与NS组比较,IP组机械痛阈降低,脊髓背角OFQ mRNA及BDNF mRNA表达上调(P＜0.05或0.01);与IP组比较,M组T1,2时机械痛阈升高,脊髓背角OFQ mRNA及BDNF mRNA表达上调(P＜0.05或0.01),T3,4时机械痛阈差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);与M组比较,R组机械痛阈升高,脊髓背角OFQ mRNA及BDNF mRNA表达下调(P＜0.05或0.01).结论 炎性痛大鼠长期注射吗啡时脊髓GT功能降低,导致谷氨酸水平升高和OFQ、BDNF表达上调之间的失衡,可能在吗啡耐受形成中起到一定作用.     

神经病理性痛大鼠鞘内注射人前脑啡肽原基因修饰骨髓间充质干细胞的镇痛效果

目的 探讨神经病理性痛大鼠鞘内注射人前脑啡肽原(PENK)基因修饰人骨髓间充质干细胞(hMSC)的镇痛效果.方法 取鞘内置管成功的健康雄性SD大鼠40只,周龄6～8周,体重160～180 g,随机分为4组(n=10),A组为正常对照组;B组、C组和D组采用坐骨神经慢性压迫性损伤(CCI)法建立神经病理性痛模型,于CCI术后3 d鞘内给药,A组和B组鞘内注射生理盐水10μl;C组鞘内注射转染空载体的hMSC细胞(hMSC-pBABE)悬液10μl(2×108～3×108/μl);D组鞘内注射hMSC-PENK细胞悬μl液10μl(2×108～3×108个/μl).于术前、术后3、5、7、9、14 d时测定热痛阈.术后14 d痛阈测定后取新鲜脊髓组织,采用RT-PCR法测定PENK mRNA表达.结果 与术前比较,B组、C组、D组术后各时点热痛阈降低(P＜0.05).与A组比较,B组、C组、D组热痛阈降低,B组和C组PENK mRNA表达下调,D组PENK mRNA表达上调(P＜0.05).与B组和C组比较,D组热痛阈升高,PENK mRNA表达上调(P＜0.05).B组和C组各指标比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 大鼠鞘内注射PENK基因修饰的hMSC可减轻神经病理性痛.     

脊髓α2-肾上腺素能受体在异丙酚抗大鼠内脏性伤害刺激中的作用

目的 探讨脊髓α2-肾上腺素能受体在异丙酚抗大鼠内脏性伤害刺激中的作用.方法 雄性成年大鼠,进行蛛网膜下腔置管,3～5 d后鞘内置管成功的28只大鼠于结直肠放置气囊,随机分为4组(n=7),Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组鞘内注射生理盐水(NS)10μl后10 min,分别腹腔注射NS 0.5ml或异丙酚10 mgkg;Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组鞘内注射育亨宾15μg后10 min,分别腹腔注射NS 0.5 ml或异丙酚10 mg/kg.分别于鞘内给药前及注射异丙酚后5、10、15、20、25、30、40和60 min时进行气囊充气,测定内脏痛阈,计算最大镇痛效应百分率(MPE).结果 与Ⅰ组比较,Ⅱ组和Ⅳ组MPE升高(P<0.05或0.01);与Ⅱ组比较,Ⅳ组MPE降低(P<0.01).结论 脊髓α2-肾上腺素能受体激活参与了异丙酚抗大鼠内脏性伤害刺激反应.     

脊髓小胶质细胞抑制对神经病理性痛大鼠脊髓背角GABAB受体表达的影响

目的 通过观察鞘内注射特异性小胶质细胞抑制剂米诺环素对神经病理性痛大鼠脊髓背角GABAB受体表达的影响,探讨脊髓小胶质细胞活化介导神经病理性痛发生的作用机制.方法 雄性SD大鼠48只,体重220～260 g,结扎L5神经根制备神经病理性痛模型,随机分为4组(n=12):Ⅰ组仅暴露L5神经根但不结扎,鞘内注射生理盐水10 μl;Ⅱ组暴露并结扎L5神经根,鞘内注射生理盐水10 μl;Ⅲ组仅暴露L5神经根但不结扎,鞘内注射米诺环素50 μg(10μl);Ⅳ组暴露并结扎L5神经根,鞘内注射米诺环素50 μg(10 μl).于术前1 d～术后18 d,每日鞘内注射生理盐水或米诺环素,2次/d.于术前1 d(基础状态)、术后1、2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16、18 d各组取6只大鼠测定机械痛阈,并确定机械痛周最低点,然后在机械痛阈最低点时各组另取6只大鼠测定脊髓背角GABABR2的表达.结果 与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ组机械痛阈降低,术侧脊髓背角GABABR2表达下调(P＜0.05或0.01);与Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组比较,Ⅳ组机械痛阈升高,术侧脊髓背角GABABR2表达上调(P＜0.05或0.01).结论 脊髓小胶质细胞活化介导神经病理性痛发生的作用机制可能与抑制GABAB受体的激活有关.     

维生素D受体在糖尿病肾病足细胞损伤及蛋白尿缓解中的作用

目的探讨维生素D受体(VDR)在糖尿病肾病(DKD)足细胞中的表达水平及在足细胞损伤及蛋白尿缓解中的作用。方法(1)本研究纳入了65例诊断患有2型糖尿病(伴或不伴蛋白尿)的患者,并纳入了25例年龄和性别相匹配的健康体检者为对照组。根据白蛋白/肌酐(ACR)的尿排泄比例对2型糖尿病患者进行分组,分别为无蛋白尿(ACR<30 mg/g,n=24)、微量白蛋白尿(ACR 30~300 mg/g,n=18)和临床蛋白尿(ACR>300 mg/g,n=23)。另选择25例经肾活检确诊的DKD患者作为DKD组。正常肾脏组织标本均取自泌尿外科同一时期肾脏肿瘤切除患者10例。将各组检测指标进行对比,同时采用实时定量PCR、ELISA法和免疫组化法检测VDR在各组患者的血液、尿液样本和肾脏组织中的表达情况,以及使用Pearson相关分析分析VDR与尿蛋白的相关性。(2)在2型糖尿病肾病小鼠模型中对上述结果进行验证,将遗传背景均为C57BLKs/J的雄性db/db小鼠及同窝出生的db/m小鼠,随机分为正常对照组(A组)、DKD对照组(B组)、DKD二甲基亚砜处理组(C组)、DKD帕立骨化醇(VDR激动剂)处理组(D组),C、D组连续腹腔注射处理8周,对照组不做任何处理。小鼠10周龄时开始连续干预8周,在小鼠22周龄(开始干预后12周)检测各组小鼠体重、血、尿生化指标对比;Western印迹法检测β⁃catenin、VDR的变化;免疫荧光观察足细胞标志蛋白podocin及足细胞损伤蛋白α⁃SMA的表达变化。结果(1)与正常健康对照组相比,无蛋白尿组、微量白蛋白尿组和临床蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05);与无蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者相比,微量白蛋白尿组和临床蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05)。(2)与正常健康对照组相比,无蛋白尿糖尿病组和DKD组患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05);与无蛋白尿糖尿病组患者相比,DKD组患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平亦较低(均P<0.05)。(3)免疫组化结果显示,DKD组肾组织中VDR的表达明显少于正常对照组。(4)DKD患者血浆中VDR mRNA相对水平与ACR呈负相关(r=-0.342,P<0.05)。(5)各组尿液上清液中VDR的水平与血浆中的水平呈相反趋势。(6)Western印迹结果显示,B组、C组肾小球足细胞β⁃catenin蛋白表达高于D组(均P<0.05),VDR蛋白的表达低于D组(均P<0.05);免疫荧光结果显示,B组、C组肾小球足细胞podocin的表达低于D组(均P<0.05),α⁃SMA的表达高于D组(均P<0.05)。结论VDR高表达缓解DKD足细胞损伤及蛋白尿。     

Anterior Interosseous Nerve Palsy After Shoulder Arthroscopy Treated With Surgical Decompression: A Case Series and Systematic Review of the Literature

Background: Anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) palsy is a very uncommon cause of upper extremity pain and weakness that comprises less than 1% of all upper extremity nerve palsies. Rarely reported but also mentioned in the literature is AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy. Methods: A systematic review of the literature to date using PubMed was conducted to identify patients who suffered AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy procedures. Articles included met the following criteria: (1) published in English; (2) primary presentation of the data; (3) patients had undergone shoulder arthroscopy before developing symptoms of AIN palsy; and (4) diagnosis was confirmed with clinical symptoms of AIN palsy. Measured outcomes included patient demographics, specific shoulder procedure, anesthesia procedure, intra-operative patient positioning, intra-operative compressive dressing, intra-operative traction, surgical versus conservative treatment, abnormal findings during decompression procedure, proposed mechanism of injury, and follow-up. Results: The search yielded 6 articles, of which 4 (13 cases) met inclusion criteria. An additional 2 cases were included in this report totaling 15 cases. The average patient age was 49 years (range: 31-64) with 73% males. At average follow-up of 24 months, 67% of patients experienced complete resolution of symptoms—more than half of which underwent surgical decompression. Patients who failed to progress experienced weakness of the flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus muscles. Conclusions: Proposed injury mechanisms for AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy range from mechanical trauma, compressive hematoma, and direct anesthetic neurotoxicity. Management should be directed by clinical symptoms, imaging, and patient factors with majority of patients expected to have excellent clinical outcomes.     

不同尿钙水平的Gitelman综合征患者临床特点比较

目的观察不同尿钙水平Gitelman综合征(GS)患者的临床特点,探讨尿钙在GS疾病临床分型中的价值。方法收集2016—2018年来自中国国家罕见病注册系统(NRSC)、在北京协和医院行SLC12A3基因检测诊断为GS患者的临床资料,分析其尿钙特点,比较不同尿钙水平患者的临床和实验室检查指标。氢氯噻嗪试验按照标准操作流程进行,测定患者基线和用药后3 h内氯离子排泄分数改变量的最大值(ΔFECl)。结果共有83例GS患者被纳入研究,其中低尿钙患者53例(63.86%)。低尿钙组尿钙/肌酐比明显低于非低尿钙组[(0.085±0.058)mmol/mmol比(0.471±0.284)mmol/mmol,t=7.349,P<0.001]。两组患者在年龄、性别、估算肾小球滤过率、血压、血尿电解质水平、代谢性碱中毒方面差异均无统计学意义。低尿钙组患者乏力(χ2=4.595,P=0.032)及多尿(χ2=5.778,P=0.016)发生比例低于非低尿钙组,两组患者在其他临床症状方面差异无统计学意义。低尿钙和非低尿钙组各有16例患者行氢氯噻嗪试验,中位ΔFECl结果分别为0.539%(0.430%,1.283%)和0.829%(0.119%,1.298%),均提示对氢氯噻嗪无反应,组间差异无统计学意义(U=130.000,P=0.956)。结论GS患者中低尿钙比例为63.86%,尿钙水平与疾病临床表型、NCC功能损伤严重程度之间均无明确相关性。     

Role of Conventional and Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Spinal Treatment Protocol for Hydatid Disease

Objective:

To demonstrate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in determining the treatment protocol for hydatid disease of the spine.

Design:

Case report; literature review.

Findings:

Diffusion-weighted MRI can help differentiate complicated infected hydatidosis from abscesses, epidermoid cysts from arachnoid cysts, and benign from malignant vertebral compression fractures. It is also helpful in differentiating between abscesses and necrotic tumors.

Conclusion:

Diffusion-weighted MRI can help differentiate between infections requiring immediate surgery and those that can be treated medically with antihelmintic treatment.     

Fibrinogen-thrombin collagen patch reinforcement of highrisk colonic anastomoses in rats

AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of human fibrinogenthrombin collagen patch(TachoSil~?) in the reinforcement of high-risk colon anastomoses.METHODS A quasi-experimental study was conducted in Wistar rats(n = 56) that all underwent high-risk anastomoses(anastomosis with only two sutures) after colectomies. The rats were divided into two randomized groups: Control group(24 rats) and treatment group(24 rats). In the treatment group, high-risk anastomosis was reinforced with TachoSil~? (a piece of Tacho Sil? was applied over this high-risk anastomosis, covering the gap). Leak incidence, overall survival, intra-abdominal adhesions, and histologic healing of anastomoses were analyzed. Survivors were divided into two subgroups and euthanized at 15 and 30 d after intervention in order to analyze the adhesions and histologic changes. RESULTS Overall survival was 71.4% and 57.14% in the TachoSil~? group and control group, respectively(P = 0.29); four rats died from other causes and six rats in the treatment group and 10 in the control group experienced colonic leakage(P 0.05). The intra-abdominal adhesion score was similar in both groups, with no differences between subgroups. We found non-significant differences in the healing process according to the histologic score used in both groups(P = 0.066).CONCLUSION In our study, the use of TachoSil~? was associated with a non-statistically significant reduction in the rate of leakage in high-risk anastomoses. TachoSil~? has been shown to be a safe product because it does not affect the histologic healing process or increase intra-abdominal adhesions.     

Fluorescence in the Sclera,Nails, and Teeth Secondary to Favipiravir Use for COVID-19 Infections

Favipiravir, an antiviral agent originally used for influenza infections, has become popular due to its beneficial signals in coronavirus disease. It is currently used in some countries within COVID-19 treatment protocols. This is an initial report of favipiravir-related fluorescence observed in three healthcare providers working in the same ward in our hospital. All three individuals had been diagnosed with COVID-19 two months earlier and were treated with favipiravir. None of the three individuals received hydroxychloroquine or tetracyclines. Wood’s light examination led to an incidental discovery of favipiravir-induced fluorescence involving the sclera, nails, and teeth. In all patients, white linear, square, and band-like specks of fluorescence were noticed on the sclera of both eyes, some teeth, and the proximal part of all fingernails and toenails. Exposure of the eyes to the Wood’s light was for a brief duration of 3 to 5 seconds during examination and photodocumentation. Favipiravir might cause bright white fluorescence of nails, sclera, and teeth, detectable by Wood’s light even two months after its cessation.     

Safety and tolerability of single intravenous doses of sugammadex administered simultaneously with rocuronium or vecuronium in healthy volunteers

BACKGROUND: Sugammadex rapidly reverses rocuronium- and vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block. To investigate the effect of combination of sugammadex and rocuronium or vecuronium on QT interval, it would be preferable to avoid the interference of anaesthesia. Therefore, this pilot study was performed to investigate the safety, tolerability, and plasma pharmacokinetics of single i.v. doses of sugammadex administered simultaneously with rocuronium or vecuronium to anaesthetized and non-anaesthetized healthy volunteers. METHODS: In this phase I study, 12 subjects were anaesthetized with propofol/remifentanil and received sugammadex 16, 20, or 32 mg kg(-1) combined with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1); four subjects were not anaesthetized and received sugammadex 32 mg kg(-1) with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1) (n=2 per treatment). Neuromuscular function was assessed by TOF-Watch SX monitoring in anaesthetized subjects and by clinical tests in non-anaesthetized volunteers. Sugammadex, rocuronium, and vecuronium plasma concentrations were measured at several time points. RESULTS: No serious adverse events (AEs) were reported. Fourteen subjects reported 23 AEs after study drug administration. Episodes of mild headache, tiredness, cold feeling (application site), dry mouth, oral discomfort, nausea, increased aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase levels, and moderate injection site irritation were considered as possibly related to the study drug. The ECG and vital signs showed no clinically relevant changes. Rocuronium/vecuronium plasma concentrations declined faster than those of sugammadex. CONCLUSIONS: Single-dose administration of sugammadex 16, 20, or 32 mg kg(-1) in combination with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1) was well tolerated with no clinical evidence of residual neuromuscular block, confirming that these combinations can safely be administered simultaneously to non-anaesthetized subjects. Rocuronium and vecuronium plasma concentrations decreased faster than those of sugammadex, reducing the theoretical risk of neuromuscular block developing over time.     

罗伊适应模式对腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术后恢复情况的影响

目的探讨罗伊适应模式对患者腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术后恢复情况的影响。 方法将2016年1月至2019年5月在秦皇岛市第二医院择期进行无张力修补术治疗的120例腹股沟疝患者，按照随机数字法分为对照组和观察组，每组各60例。对照组采用常规护理治疗，观察组在对照组的基础上采用罗伊适应模式。比较2组患者的术后临床指标、心理状态、围手术期并发症发生情况及满意度。 结果术后观察组患者的首次排气时间、恢复正常饮食时间、离床活动时间和术后住院时间均低于对照组（P<0.05）；术后观察组患者的抑郁自评量表（SDS）和焦虑自评量表（SAS）评分显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；术后2组患者均无切口感染发生，2组患者尿潴留、急性疼痛、认知功能障碍、发热、血肿等发生率相比无统计学差异（P>0.05）；术后观察组患者护理满意度为96.67%，显著高于对照组的83.33%（P<0.05）。 结论在常规护理的基础上，罗伊适应模式用于患者腹股沟疝无张力修补围手术期，能有效改善术后患者的焦虑/抑郁情绪，不增加围手术期并发症，促进术后患者的恢复及提高治疗满意度。     

Factors Associated With Reoperation After Silicone Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Arthroplasty

Background: Silicone proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint arthroplasty has a high revision rate. It has been suggested that persistent ulnar deviation and joint instability influence the durability of PIP silicone arthroplasties. The goal of this study was to evaluate what factors are associated with reoperation after silicone PIP arthroplasty. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated all adult patients who underwent PIP silicone arthroplasty between 2002 and 2016 at one institutional system for inflammatory-, posttraumatic-, and primary degenerative arthritis. After manual chart review, we included 91 patients who underwent 114 arthroplasties. Fingers operated included 14 index, 41 middle, 38 ring, and 21 small fingers. Results: The overall reoperation rate was 14% (n = 16). Non-Caucasian race (P = .040), smoking (P = .022) and PIP silicone arthroplasty for post-traumatic osteoarthritis (P = .021) were associated with reoperation. The 1-, 5- and 10-year implant survival rates were 87%, 85%, and 85%, respectively. Conclusion: Caution should be exercised when considering PIP silicone arthroplasty of the index finger or in patients with post-traumatic osteoarthritis. It may be worthwhile addressing smoking behavior before pursuing silicone PIP arthroplasty.     

血浆凝血因子VIII水平与IgA肾病患者临床病理改变及预后的关系

目的探讨血浆凝血因子VIII(factor VIII,FVIII)水平与IgA肾病(IgAN)患者临床参数及预后的关系。方法收集2016年1月至2016年12月中南大学湘雅二医院确诊的IgAN患者的临床资料。按照时间依赖的受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)得出的血浆FVIII预测IgAN预后的临界值,将患者分为高FVIII组(FVIII>140.50%)和低FVIII组(FVIII≤140.50%),比较两组患者肾活检时基线临床参数的差异。以估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)下降≥30%或进入终末期肾脏病(ESRD)为终点事件,采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线及Cox回归方程法分析血浆FVIII水平对IgAN患者预后的影响。结果共93例IgAN患者纳入本研究,中位随访时间为35.15(33.77,36.76)个月,12例(12.90%)患者发生终点事件。高FVIII组患者年龄、血肌酐、尿素氮、血三酰甘油、血总胆固醇、血浆纤维蛋白原、D-二聚体、24 h尿蛋白量、蛋白C、蛋白S和eGFR下降速率高于低FVIII组(均P<0.05);eGFR、血白蛋白、中位随访时间低于低FVIII组(均P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析结果显示,与低FVIII组比较,高FVIII组患者肾脏累积生存率降低(χ2=5.635,P=0.018)。在校正收缩压、eGFR、尿蛋白、肾小管萎缩/间质纤维化程度等因素后,多因素Cox回归分析结果显示,高血浆FVIII水平是IgAN患者肾脏预后不良的独立危险因素(HR=4.147,95%CI 1.055~16.308,P=0.042)。结论血浆FVIII水平与IgAN患者临床指标及预后相关,高血浆FVIII水平是IgAN患者肾脏预后不良的独立危险因素。