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1.
目的总结心外科婴幼儿先天性心脏病(先心病)术后腹膜透析的并发症以指导临床应用。方法回顾分析2010年6月至2012年6月在高州市人民医院院心外科行心脏手术的婴幼儿临床资料,其中41例患儿术后出现急性肾损伤或心功能不全,进行腹膜透析治疗。对腹膜透析相关并发症进行总结分析。结果大部分患儿肾功能渐恢复,腹膜透析时间(5.92±4.74)d,腹膜透析相关并发症12例,最常见是肺部并发症,腹膜透析相关并发症。经对症处理后均治愈,腹膜透析没有直接引起死亡事件。结论腹膜透析相关并发症少且不严重,在婴幼儿先心病术后发生急性肾损伤或心功能不全时可及早应用。  相似文献   

2.
目的 总结应用经皮穿刺留置腹膜透析(腹透)管在先心病术后患儿行腹膜透析治疗时的临床经验。方法 回顾总结我科2006年9月至2014年9月,18例先心病婴幼儿术后并发急性肾功能衰竭减行腹透治疗的临床资料,其中男10例,女8例。年龄3月~16个月,体重4.5~15kg。体外循环下行根治手术11例,姑息手术7例。腹透导管在超声引导下经皮穿刺放置至盆腔最低点。腹透期间动态检测血气分析、电解质、血清肌酐、血尿素氮等变化。结果 全组死亡3例(病死率 16.7%),其中1例尿量已经恢复(尿量>1 ml/kg),但肾功能尚未完全恢复。治愈13例,患儿住院期间尿量和肾功能恢复正常。将死亡组与治愈组相关数据进行比较,治愈组和死亡组在腹膜透析治疗后,肾功能均有改善,但死亡组行腹膜透析时间较晚,并且腹透效果不理想。结论 先心病术后患儿并发急性肾功能衰减时,需早期行腹透治疗。经皮穿刺留置腹透导管行腹膜透析治疗的疗效肯定,操作方便,并发症少,可降低病死率。  相似文献   

3.
1985年以来,我们用腹膜穿刺引导针快速插植腹膜透析导管进行腹膜透析,治疗急性肾衰11例。证明本法操作简单,安全可靠。 1.一般资料:本组11例中,男5例,女6例;年龄22~69岁。其中6例为安眠药中毒,5例庆大霉素中毒,均为发病后突然尿少(<500ml/24h)。透析前少尿期为1~8天,尿比重为1.004~1.014。高血压水肿5例。左心衰竭3例,高钾血症3例。透析前血尿素氮平均为34.9mmol/L,肌酐512.7μmol/L,CO_2-CP17mmol/L,K~ 4.8mmol/L。 2.治疗方法:局部作常规消毒和局麻后  相似文献   

4.
腹膜透析抢救急性肾功能衰竭的体会广东省惠州市中心医院钟伟强杨永铭刘冠贤谭志明,惠州516000应用腹膜透析抢救各种危重疾病并发的急性肾功能衰竭(ARF)12例,其中8例获成功,总结如下:资料与方法①一般资料:12例(男7,女4)。平均年龄42±16岁...  相似文献   

5.
目的:探讨腹膜透析在婴幼儿先天性心脏病(先心病)术后的应用。方法:13例行先心病手术的患儿术后因出现急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury,AKI)或低心排出量综合症(低心排)行腹膜透析。①总结手术时间、体外循环时间、主动脉阻断时间及腹膜透析持续时间。②比较透析前后SCr、乳酸(Lac)、中心静脉压(CVP)、尿量、血管活性药物评分及左心室射血分数。③根据死亡与否分为2组:死亡组;非死亡组,比较各组术后循环及肾功能转归情况。④根据急性肾损伤程度分组,比较SCr下降情况。结果:本组患儿手术时间90~420min,平均(206±90)min。8例患儿进行了体外循环,运转时间90~196min,平均(129±40)min,其中有7例患儿阻断升主动脉,并于主动脉根部灌入停跳液使心脏停跳,时间为52~126min,平均(85±24)min。腹透持续时间为72~360h,平均(138±80)h。腹膜透析后第7天Lac,CVP,正性肌力药平分(IS)降低,与透析前比较,P0.05,差异有统计学意义。肾损伤程度越重,SCr下降越不明显。透析后第3天和第5天AKI-3级患儿的SCr水平高于AKI-1级和AKI-2级患儿水平,P0.05,差异有统计学意义。结论:先心病手术后发生AKI或低心排时行腹膜透析可以排出体内多余水分及代谢产物,促进心功能恢复。肾损伤程度越重,SCr下降越不明显且恢复时间越长。  相似文献   

6.
采用腹膜透析治疗体外循环术后急性肾功能衰竭8例。结果透析过程中3例透析管引流不畅,5例出现高血糖。死亡3例,其中1例死于多脏器功能衰竭,1例死于低心排综合征,1例死于腹膜透析并发败血症。余4例腹膜透析8~39 d,肾功能恢复。存活患者随访1~32个月,肾功能无明显异常。认为腹膜透析是体外循环术后急性肾功能衰竭者有效治疗方法。  相似文献   

7.
急性肾功能衰竭 (ARF)是一组病因复杂的临床综合征 ,病死率高 ,透析疗法是治疗本病的首选方法。现对血液透析(HD)与腹膜透析 (PD)治疗 ARF的疗效进行比较。临床资料 :本文 5 1例 ARF患者 ,随机分为 HD组 2 9例 ,PD组 2 2例。两组透析前肾功能指标比较无显著差异 ,其临床资料 :1HD组 :男 18例 ,女 11例 ,年龄 39.2± 15 .4岁 ;病程 1~6天 ;无尿 2 1例 ,少尿 8例 ;本组急性肾小管坏死 6例 ,急性肾炎 3例 ,溶血性尿毒症综合征 2例 ,急性间质性肾炎 2例 ,急性胰腺炎 2例 ,蜂毒蛰伤 1例 ,药物因素 2例 ,严重感染 2例 ,创伤及术后4例 ,系…  相似文献   

8.
腹膜透析治疗鱼胆中毒急性肾功能衰竭20例   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
我科8年来收治鱼胆中毒致急性肾功能衰竭(ARF)患者20例,符合ARF诊断标准[1]。20例均采用腹膜透析治疗,效果较好,报道如下。临床资料一般资料 20例患者中,男性9例,女性11例,年龄19~50岁,平均34.5岁。食草鱼胆12例,鲤鱼胆6例,鲫鱼胆2例。入院时尿量为0~350ml/d,少尿时间1~7d,平均4.5d,均为少尿型ARF。化验:除外周血白细胞总数及中性白细胞增高外,尿比重1.010~1.018,尿蛋白定性~。血ALT86~1240U/L,AST65~450U/L,BUN15.5~45.8mmol/L,SCr725.4~2057μmol/L。B超示双肾体积增大,皮质增厚,肾锥…  相似文献   

9.
目的:研究分析肾功能衰竭治疗中采用血液透析与腹膜透析的临床效果.方法:研究开展时间跨度范围为2019年11月-2020年11月,纳入研究样本为76例肾功能衰竭患者,依据随机数字表模式均分为研究组、对照组,对照组患者行血液透析治疗,研究组患者行腹膜透析治疗,对比分析两组各项指标.结果:对比两组治疗后肾功能指标、临床疗效,...  相似文献   

10.
【】 目的 低龄患儿先天性心脏病(CHD)术后易并发低心排综合征(LCOS)、急性肾功能不全(Acute Rennal Insufficiency,ARI),临床表现尿少或无尿,内环境紊乱,腹膜透析(PD)临床最常用的治疗手段,但目前医疗资源的不平衡,导致PD在基层医院开展不理想,但改良PD给基层医院带来了曙光。本文目的旨在探讨低龄患儿先天性心脏病术后应用改良PD的疗效及预后。 方法 回顾性分析我院心脏外科2010-01 至2015-9 先天性心脏病手术患儿1200 例,需要改良PD治疗21例。6例合并LCOS,15例合并ARI,年龄2天-6岁,体质量2.5kg-15kg。其中法洛四联症(TOF)4例,室间隔完整完全性大动脉转位(TGA/IVS)3例,完全心内膜垫缺损(CAVC)2例,肺动脉闭锁(PA)2例,主动脉弓离断(IAA)2例,单心室(SV)1例,完全肺静脉异位引流(TAPVC)3例,主动脉缩窄/室间隔缺损(COA/VSD)2例,右心室双出口(DORV)2例。 结果 应用改良PD治疗21例,治愈20例,术后改良腹膜透析治疗2d-5 d,住监护室治疗时间5d-90 d,尿量恢复正常1d-3 d,血清肌酐、尿素氮恢复时间为术后3d-5 d,乳酸降至正常时间1d-2 d,其中1例因严重LCOS,术后难以停机直接应用体外膜肺氧合(ECMO)治疗,死亡2例。结论 改良腹膜透析在先天性心脏病术后危重患儿治疗中的应用价值是明显的,值得在基层医院推广,临床应用中的问题还有待进一步关注。  相似文献   

11.
婴幼儿先天性心脏病476例外科治疗   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 探讨婴幼儿先天性心脏病外科治疗经验.方法 2001年1月~2005年6月行婴幼儿先天性心脏病直视手术476例,男289例,女187例,年龄13日~36个月,体重3~16kg.非紫绀型先天性心脏病患儿307例,全部Ⅰ期根治,紫绀型先天性心脏病患儿169例,行Ⅰ期根治或分期手术.合并症有:中、重度肺动脉高压107例,中重营养不良37例,反复肺炎、抗心力衰竭药不能控制47例.结果 95.2%(453/476)痊愈出院.全组手术死亡率为4.8%(23/476),2004年以来死亡率2.9%(5/175);死亡病儿多为年龄小于1岁和复杂先天性心脏病,主要死因为低心输出量综合征和肺部并发症;限期手术死亡率6%(3/47).结论 婴幼儿先天性心脏病早期手术疗效良好.  相似文献   

12.

Introduction

Ultrasound (US) assessment of renal anomalies in children requiring pediatric cardiac surgery is not a standard practice. This study is highlighting the role of bedside US performed by intensivist to detect occult renal anomalies associated with congenital heart disease (CHD).

Methods

A cross sectional study for 100 consecutive children with CHD admitted to Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (PCICU) in 2015. US of kidneys screening was performed by trained pediatric cardiac intensivists to ascertain the presence of both kidneys in renal fossae without gross anomalies and to investigate if early detection of occult kidney anomaly would have any impact on outcome.

Results

After screening of 100 consecutive children with CHD with renal US, we identified in 94 cases (94%) normal right and left kidney in the standard sonographer shape within the renal fossae. In 6 cases further investigation revealed ectopic kidney in 3 patients (50%), solitary functional kidney in 2 patients (33%) and bilateral grade IV hydronephrosis in one patient (17%). Urinary tract infection developed peri-operatively in 66% of the cases with kidney anomalies with statistical significance compared to patients with normal renal US (P: 0.0011). No significant renal impairment was noted in these patients post-surgery. We observed no specific association between the type of renal anomaly and specific CHD.

Conclusion

Routine renal US in children with CHD demonstrated prevalence of associated congenital renal anomalies in 6% of children undergoing cardiac surgery. The presence of occult renal anomalies was associated with higher UTI risk. Performing routine renal US as a standard practice in children with CHD is justifiable.  相似文献   

13.
目的 评估婴幼儿复杂先天性心脏病术后患儿拔管后序贯无创的疗效和无创通气对婴幼儿复杂先天性心脏病术后出现急性呼吸衰竭的疗效.方法 回顾性研究2008年1月至2013年12月间入住我院ICU的951例复杂先天性心脏病术后婴幼儿(年龄≤1岁,体重≤10 kg),665例患儿顺利脱机拔管,未行无创通气和二次气管插管治疗,286例患儿使用无创通气(NIV)治疗.将286例使用无创通气治疗的患几分为2组,一组为拔除气管插管后给予直接无创通气治疗称为序贯无创组(155例),另一组为拔管后出现急性呼吸衰竭表现后给予无创通气治疗称为非序贯无创组(131例).观察非序贯组无创通气治疗前,治疗后1h、2h、3h心率(HR)、呼吸频率(RR)、血压(BP)、血氧饱和度(SpO2)和血气分析(PH、PO2、PCO2)值的变化,比较序贯无创通气组和非序贯无创通气组的并发症、无创通气使用时间、再次使用气管插管的比率、ICU停留时间、住院天数和死亡率.结果 序贯无创组中有12例患儿出现严重呼吸衰竭不能改善,行气管插管机械辅助,其中3例患儿因严重的心功能衰竭死亡,另9例患儿痊愈出院.非序贯组中有20例患儿出现严重呼吸衰竭不能改善,行气管插管机械辅助,其中4例患儿出现严重心功能衰竭死亡,2例患儿出现MODS死亡,余14例痊愈出院.序贯无创组的无创通气相关并发症、无创通气使用时间和死亡率与非序贯组相当,但序贯组的二次插管率、住院时间、ICU停留时间较非序贯组明显缩短,差异具有统计学意义.结论 无创通气可以治疗婴幼儿复杂先天性心脏病术后急性呼吸衰竭,是一种安全有效的方法.序贯无创通气在低龄、低体重婴幼儿复杂先天性心脏病术后能降低二次插管率,缩短ICU停留时间和住院天数,减少费用.  相似文献   

14.
Background Acute renal failure (ARF) is a common complication and a very important cause of postoperative death in children with congenital heart disease. Large cohort investigation of the morbidity and related risk factors for ARF in very young and low-body-weight children in China is still absent. Methods Data of 518 infants after cardiac surgery were analyzed retrospectively. The correlation between multivariate risk factors and ARF after cardiac surgery was analyzed by logistic regression. Results The incidence of postoperative ARF within 30 days was 6.9% (n = 36). High RACHS-1 Score, long duration of CPB, rethoracotomy exploration and postoperative low cardiac output were independent risk factors of ARF. There were statistical significances in intensive care unit staying [(21.73 ± 7.28) days vs (7.41 ± 3.76) days], P 0. 001] and mortality (27.8% vs 7.5%, P 0. 001) between the patients with or without ARF. Conclusions Acute renal failure is a key negative factor for the survivors after cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease in very young patients with low body weight. High RACHS-1 Score, long duration of CPB, rethoracotomy exploration and postoperative low cardiac output are independent risk factors for development of ARF.  相似文献   

15.
16.
There have been few reports describing the use of carvedilol in children or patients with congenital heart disease. Therefore, its optimal regimen, efficacy, and safety in these patients have not been adequately investigated. Subjects were 27 patients with two functioning ventricles, for whom carvedilol was initiated (from December 2001 to December 2005) to treat heart failure. All patients had failed to respond to conventional cardiac medication. They consisted of 12 males and 15 females, aged 23 days to 47 years (median age: 2 years). Heart failure due to ischemia (myocardial infarction, intraoperative ischemic event) or due to myocardial disease (cardiomyopathy, myocarditis), and heart failure with atrial or ventricular tachyarrhythmia represented 70% of all cases. Carvedilol was initiated at a dose of 0.02–0.05 mg/kg/day, which was increased by 0.05–0.1 mg/kg/day after 2 days, 0.1 mg/kg/day after 5 days, and 0.05–0.1 mg/kg/day every month thereafter with a target dose of 0.8 mg/kg/day. This study retrospectively assessed the efficacy and adverse reactions based on changes of symptoms, cardiothoracic ratio (CTR), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and human atrial natriuretic peptide (hANP)/b-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) blood levels. The mean follow-up period was 10.2 months (range: 1–46 months). Twenty-six (96.3%) patients showed improvement in symptoms and were discharged from the hospital. However, the remaining one patient failed to respond and died. Significant cardiovascular adverse reaction was seen in none of the patients. The mean CTR decreased from 61.8% ± 5.3% before treatment to 57.6% ± 7.4% after treatment (P < 0.05, n = 25), and the mean LVEF improved from 41.4% ± 23.1% to 61.1% ± 10.1% (P < 0.05, n = 10), respectively. Mean hANP and BNP levels showed a decrease from 239.1 pg/ml to 118.3 pg/ml and a significant decrease from 437.9 pg/ml to 120.5 pg/ml, respectively (P < 0.05, n = 10). Improvements in these data were also demonstrated when analyzed individually among the pediatric group (aged younger than 18) and the congenital heart disease group. Initiation of carvedilol at a lower dose with more gradual dose escalation, compared with previously reported regimens, might have efficacy with low incidence of adverse effects in pediatric patients and patients with congenital heart disease. Carvedilol may be effective in treating heart failure in children due to ischemia, myocardial disease, and complicated by tachyarrhythmia.  相似文献   

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