鞍旁海绵状血管瘤MRI诊断

鞍旁海绵状血管瘤少见,容易误诊为脑膜瘤[1,2],其手术方式与其它鞍旁占位不同,误诊往往引起不良后果,甚至危及生命.本文分析一组鞍旁海绵状血管瘤的MRI表现,探讨其MR表现特点.     

颅内海绵状血管瘤的影像学诊断

目的 人海绵状血管瘤的ＭＲＩ、ＣＴ和ＤＳＡ的表现。方法 经手术病理证实的颅内海绵状血管瘤７６例,其中脑内型海绵状血管瘤５９例,中颅窝鞍旁膜型海绵状血管瘤１７例。２８例行ＣＴ扫描,７３例进行ＭＲＩ检查,２０例行ＤＳＡ检查,脑内型海绵状血管瘤ＭＲＩ表现为低信号环围绕的桑葚状混杂信号团块,ＤＳＡ检查未见异常染色。中颅窝、鞍旁的病灶ＣＴ表现为较均匀的稍高密度影、ＭＲＩ呈类似哑铃形较均匀的稍长Ｔ１信号影,Ｔ     

颅内海绵状血管瘤的CT和MRI诊断

目的:探讨脑内与脑外海绵状血管瘤的CT和MRI表现及诊断价值.方法:搜集45例颅内海绵状血管瘤的CT和MRI影像资料进行分析,MRI检查45例,CT检查30例,其中脑内型海绵状血管瘤42例,脑外型海绵状血管瘤3例,均经手术病理证实.结果:脑内型海绵状血管瘤可位于脑内任何部位,单发病灶多见,无明显占位效应,周围无或轻度水肿.CT检查的全部病例呈稍高及混杂密度影27例,增强扫描大都无强化;MRI检查T2 WI表现为"桑葚状"混杂高信号,周围有云絮状低信号环,增强后病灶仅少数轻度强化.脑外型病灶位于中颅窝鞍旁,MRI呈类似哑铃形或类圆形较均匀的稍长T1明显长T2信号,增强扫描呈明显均匀强化.结论:脑内与脑外型海绵状血管瘤的CT和MRI表现具有一定特征,MRI优于CT像,特别是MRI的T2 WI像有助于明确诊断.     

颅内脑外型海绵状血管瘤27例MRI诊断分析

颅内海绵状血管瘤是颅内血管畸形的一种,通常分为脑内型和脑外型两部分[1]。脑内型海绵状血管瘤(intracerebral cavernous hemangiomas,ICHs)位于脑实质内,又称为脑实质内海绵状血管瘤,较多见;脑外型海绵状血管瘤(extracerebral cavernous hemangiomas,ECHs)可发生于凸面硬膜、前后颅窝底、小脑幕、硬脑膜静脉窦等处,绝大多数原发于海绵窦     

颅内脑外海绵状血管瘤二例

颅内海绵状血管瘤是血管畸形病变中较罕见的一种，它可发生于脑内和脑外。我们遇到２例颅内脑外海绵状血管瘤，其临床及ＣＴ表现均很特异，现报道如下。例１女，３５岁。６年前因癫痫１年余在他院作ＣＴ检查，发现左鞍旁实质性占位，诊断为脑膜瘤，未手术。６年后渐出现动...     

颅内海绵状血管瘤的CT和MRI诊断

目的 探讨CT和MRI对颅内海绵状血管瘤的表现和诊断价值。资料与方法 经手术病理证实的颅内海绵状血管瘤22例,其中脑内型海绵状血管瘤21例,脑外型海绵状血管瘤1例。10例行CT检查,16例行MRI检查,13例行MRA检查。结果 脑内型海绵状血管瘤可位于脑内任何部位,单发病灶多见,周围无或轻度水肿,无明显占位效应。CT平扫为稍高密度影,钙化占72．7％,增强扫描大都无强化;MR T1WI表现为桑葚状混杂高信号．周围有云絮状低信号环,增强后病灶大都无强化;MRA检查未见异常血管。脑外型病灶位于中颅窝、鞍旁,MRI呈类似哑铃形较均匀的稍长T1、长T2信号,增强扫描见明显均匀强化．MRA检查未见异常血管。结论 脑内型海绵状血管瘤的MRI表现较有特异性,结合CT和MRA可明确诊断;脑外型者易误诊,对CT和MRI表现类似的中颅窝脑膜瘤,应考虑到本病的可能。     

颅内海绵状血管瘤的病理及MR特征

目的:结合颅内海绵状血管瘤的病理特征,分析其MRI影像学表现.方法:搜集颅内海绵状血管瘤共53例,其中脑内型40例,脑外型13例,全部病例均行MRI检查.结果:脑内型海绵状血管瘤MRI大多表现为爆米花样或桑椹状的混杂信号灶,周边围以低信号环;脑外型T1WI表现为均匀低信号,T2WI为高信号,增强扫描明显强化.结论:不同类型的颅内海绵状血管瘤具有不同的病理学特点,导致其MRI表现的不同,其手术方案及预后亦有很大差异.利用MRI检查术前可做出准确诊断,从而指导手术方案的制订.     

MRI在鞍旁海绵状血管瘤与脑膜瘤鉴别诊断中的应用

目的 分析MRI在鉴别鞍旁海绵状血管瘤与脑膜瘤的表现特点.方法 回顾性分析经手术病理证实的20例鞍旁肿瘤MRI影像表现,观察MR影像特征.结果 鞍旁海绵状血管瘤与脑膜瘤均可同时侵犯鞍内及鞍旁,但两者MRI信号有特征性,海绵状血管瘤T1WI呈等或稍低于脑灰质信号,T2WI信号强度类似脑脊液信号,增强扫描病变强化显著,可见延迟强化.脑膜瘤呈等T1、T2信号,T2WI信号强度与脑灰质信号近似,增强扫描病变呈中等度弥漫性强化,相应部位可见脑膜线样强化.结论 MRI平扫加增强能明确显示鞍旁海绵状血管瘤及脑膜瘤的不同信号改变、强化特点及内部结构特点,其MRI信号特点对诊断有价值.     

鞍旁海绵状血管瘤的MRI表现

目的 探讨MRI对鞍旁海绵状血管瘤的诊断价值.资料与方法 12例经手术病理证实的鞍旁海绵状血管瘤行T1WI、T2WI、扩散加权成像(DWI)及增强扫描,分析其形态及信号特点.结果 肿瘤主要位于鞍旁,并不同程度涉及鞍内,呈"哑铃"形、内小外大的"葫芦"形、不规则形或类圆形,周围均无水肿.T2WI呈较明显高信号,T1WI呈稍低或较低信号,DWI呈等或稍低信号.增强扫描均呈明显异常强化.6例平扫或增强扫描信号欠均匀.结论 鞍旁海绵状血管瘤MRI表现有一定的特征性,MRI对鞍旁海绵状血管瘤诊断及鉴别诊断有重要价值.     

鞍旁海绵状血管瘤磁共振DWI的诊断价值研究

目的探讨鞍旁海绵状血管瘤的DWI特征及其病理学基础。方法回顾性分析17例经病理证实的鞍旁海绵状血管瘤DWI表现及其病理特征,测量肿瘤及对侧正常脑实质ADC值,并进行对比分析。结果 DWI显示病变15例呈等信号,2例呈稍低信号;17例肿瘤平均ADC值(1.61×10~(-3)mm~2/s)大于对侧正常脑实质(0.90×10~(-3)mm~2/s)(t=11.01,P0.001)。病理切片肿瘤由大量扩张的血管构成。结论鞍旁海绵状血管瘤MRI表现与肿瘤富有血管成分有关,病灶ADC值较健侧增高,DWI呈等、低信号,有助于对此肿瘤的诊断和鉴别诊断。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.