排粪造影诊断排粪功能障碍的应用

本文报道对便秘的病因、影像表现及排粪造影对直肠前突的诊断应用价值进行探讨,现总结如下。1材料与方法1.1临床资料收集我院2011年～2012年3月间共87例病例,男性10例,女性77例,年龄16～72岁。病程1～30年。将本组87例分为对照组和异常组。对照组:10例,均无排粪障碍,其中男6例,女4例,年龄24～64岁。异常组:77例,男4例,女     

CR在胃钡餐造影中的临床应用

计算机摄影(computed radiography,CR)系统的应用,为胃肠造影提供了一种能够实施各种后处理功能以及方便储存和传输的检查方法。本文就CR与普通屏片在胃肠钡餐造影中的应用价值作一比较。1材料与方法1.1一般材料本组36例中,男21例,女15例,年龄18~61岁,平均42.6岁。主要临床表现:全部病例均有程度不同的腹饱胀不适、隐痛、反酸、嗳气等症状。拟诊为胃炎、胃溃疡、胃癌等。全部病例经胃镜及病理确诊。1.2检查方法每一患者造影时在同一时相、同一体位分别摄取CR及常规屏片。CR系统包括日本产Fujifilm Fcrxg-1扫描机,FujiIP Cassettgtypec…     

直肠排粪造影在便秘患者病因诊断中的意义

目的评价直肠排粪造影在便秘原因诊断中的意义。方法56例临床怀疑由于肛肠疾病引起的便秘患者（女51例,男5例,年龄33～72岁,平均41岁）均在经肛门——直肠灌注对比剂为160％（W／V）的硫酸钡250mL后接受了直肠排粪造影。结果在56例便秘患者中,直肠前突见于42例。耻骨直肠肌肥厚4例,直肠前壁黏膜脱垂3例,直肠内套叠3例,乙状结肠疝2例,直肠息肉1例,以及经病理证实的直肠癌1例。结论直肠排粪造粪造影在便秘的病因学诊断中具有高度准确性。     

胃切除术后并发胆囊结石的B超观察

胃切除术后胆囊结石的发生率明显增高。本文对各种胃部疾病行胃切除术后及健康检查者各 10 0例 ,就胆囊结石的发生率进行调查、对比、分析。1　资料与方法胃切除术组 10 0例 ,男 72例 ,女 2 8例 ,年龄 2 5～ 78岁 ,平均 5 1.5岁。行ＢＩ式胃肠重建 43例 ,ＢⅡ式胃肠重建 5 7例。对照组 10 0例 ,男 80例 ,女 2 0例 ,年龄 2 3～ 80岁 ,平均 5 4.2岁。应用ＡＬＯＫＡ—ＳＳＤ110 0超声诊断仪。探头频率 3 .5ＭＨＺ。全部病例空腹 12ｈ常规肝、胆检查。胃切除术前Ｂ超均排除胆囊结石病史。术后 6个月、1、1.5、2年行Ｂ超跟踪观察。2　结果胃切除…     

西沙必利治疗急性心肌梗死胃肠胀气效果观察

西沙必利 (ｃｉｓａｐｒｉｄｅ)可治疗急性心肌梗死 (ＡＭＩ)患者的胃肠胀气。我们就西沙必利对ＡＭＩ患者胃肠胀气的疗效及安全性进行观察 ,并同甲氧氯普胺 (胃复安 )及多潘立酮 (胃得灵 )等药物的疗效及安全性进行比较。1　对象和方法1 1　对象　选择我院 1 995～ 1 999年合并胃肠胀气的ＡＭＩ 2 6例 ,随机单盲分为试验组与对照组。试验组1 3例 ,男 1 1例 ,女 2例 ;年龄 36～ 72岁 ,平均 56 2岁。对照组 1 3例 ,男 1 2例 ,女 1例 ;年龄 50～ 78岁 ,平均60 5岁。1 2　方法　试验组口服西沙必利 5～ 1 0ｍｇ ,3次 /ｄ ;对照组口服甲氧氯…     

CR在静脉肾盂造影中的应用价值

静脉肾盂造影检查应用屏片系统方法,有时存在图像质量欠佳,造成诊断困难。随着计算机技术的发展,医学影像技术也进入数字化时代,计算机X线摄影(computed radiogra-phy,CR)提高了影像质量,应用于静脉肾盂造影(IVP)提高了诊断准确率。本文旨在探讨CR在IVP中的应用价值。1材料与方法本组100例中,男60例,女40例,年龄28~65岁。采用随机抽取普通屏/胶摄影技术的IVP 100例对照组,其中男63例,女37例,年龄30~70岁。设备:日本岛津500mA X线机所使用CR设备为Fujifilm FCR500图像处理系统和FUJI X湿式激光相机。采用泛影葡胺注射液对比剂,静…     

胃肠系统淋巴瘤的X线与CT诊断(附20例分析)

目的分析胃肠系统淋巴瘤的CT、胃肠造影表现。材料与方法回顾性分析了20例胃肠系统淋巴瘤的胃肠道造影及CT影像资料，其中男16例，女4例，年龄25～71岁。20例均行胃肠道造影检查，15例行腹部CT检查。所有病例均经病理证实。结果1．胃肠道气钡造影检查①浸润型胃8例，小肠1例；②肿块型胃5例；③溃疡型胃2例；④息肉型近端空肠1例，末端回肠及盲肠3例。2．CT表现向心性壁厚20～25mm局限性肿块，脾大，脾内低密度灶2例；淋巴结增大。结论1．气钡双重造影是诊断胃肠系统淋巴瘤的首选方法，CT检查可以补充其他器官及淋巴结情况。2．胃肠系统淋巴瘤应与其他疾病相鉴别。     

数字化成像和热敏成像技术在消化道造影中的应用

自2000年10月，我院利用东大阿尔派公司生产的数字化成像系统，开展消化道造影1500余例，笔者将常规X线胃肠机与数字化成像X线机应用中的体会，报道如下：1．材料与方法随机抽取常规X线胃肠机资料片50份，其中男31例，女19例，年龄18—76岁，平均年龄42岁。从数字化综合X线机上，调出连续病例号病人50人，     

数字胃肠机动态采集仿真直肠排粪造影对功能性出口障碍的研究

目的 探讨利用数字胃肠机动态采集仿真直肠排粪造影,在功能性出口障碍疾病检查中的应用价值.方法 对96例功能性出口障碍疾病患者随机进行分组,分别行仿真直肠排粪造影(应用组,48例)和传统直肠排粪造影(对照组,48例)检查,且对其中20例自愿者进行了使用2种造影剂的对比检查.依据卢任华测量方法将2组所得数据进行比较.结果 发现应用组检查阳性率及检出病变的严重程度均高于对照组(P＜0.05),动态采集检查的成功率明显高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 动态采集仿真直肠排粪造影在检出功能出口性病变的有无及发现病变的严重程度等方面较传统排粪造影及非动态采集法有明显的优越性.     

DR、CR在腰椎摄影中的临床效果比较

直接数字化X线摄影术(direct digitial radiography,DR)及计算机X线摄影术(computed radiography,CR),临床应用逐渐普及,但对腰椎摄影的应用报道不多[1]。本文对我院DR和CR腰椎片作对比分析,报告如下。1材料与方法1.1临床材料从我院2005年8月~2005年9月所摄取的腰椎正位片中随机抽取100例DR腰椎病例资料,其中男49例,女51例,年龄23~45岁,平均38.82岁。对照组在2003年9月的腰椎CR正位片中随机抽取83例,男45例,女38例,年龄25~63岁,平均42.21岁。1.2图像采集采用DR图像用西门子AXIOMARISTOS VX800mAs X线机,非晶硅固态间接转换系统…     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.