脊髓小胶质细胞内信号p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶在神经病理性疼痛的作用

证据表明小胶质细胞在神经病理性疼痛中扮演着重要的角色.神经损伤后,小胶质细胞内p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 mitogen activated protein kinase,p38MAPK)激活,致小胶质细胞产生各种生物活性物质,引发痛觉超敏.小胶质细胞内p38MAPK在神经病理性疼痛的发生和发展中起重要作用,p38MAPK及其亚型有望成为治疗神经病理性疼痛的新靶点.     

脊髓小胶质细胞内信号p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶在神经病理性疼痛的作用

证据表明小胶质细胞在神经病理性疼痛中扮演着重要的角色.神经损伤后,小胶质细胞内p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 mitogen activated protein kinase,p38MAPK)激活,致小胶质细胞产生各种生物活性物质,引发痛觉超敏.小胶质细胞内p38MAPK在神经病理性疼痛的发生和发展中起重要作用,p38MAPK及其亚型有望成为治疗神经病理性疼痛的新靶点.     

脊髓小胶质细胞内信号p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶在神经病理性疼痛的作用

证据表明小胶质细胞在神经病理性疼痛中扮演着重要的角色.神经损伤后,小胶质细胞内p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 mitogen activated protein kinase,p38MAPK)激活,致小胶质细胞产生各种生物活性物质,引发痛觉超敏.小胶质细胞内p38MAPK在神经病理性疼痛的发生和发展中起重要作用,p38MAPK及其亚型有望成为治疗神经病理性疼痛的新靶点.     

脊髓小胶质细胞内信号p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶在神经病理性疼痛的作用

证据表明小胶质细胞在神经病理性疼痛中扮演着重要的角色.神经损伤后,小胶质细胞内p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 mitogen activated protein kinase,p38MAPK)激活,致小胶质细胞产生各种生物活性物质,引发痛觉超敏.小胶质细胞内p38MAPK在神经病理性疼痛的发生和发展中起重要作用,p38MAPK及其亚型有望成为治疗神经病理性疼痛的新靶点.     

脊髓小胶质细胞内信号p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶在神经病理性疼痛的作用

证据表明小胶质细胞在神经病理性疼痛中扮演着重要的角色.神经损伤后,小胶质细胞内p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 mitogen activated protein kinase,p38MAPK)激活,致小胶质细胞产生各种生物活性物质,引发痛觉超敏.小胶质细胞内p38MAPK在神经病理性疼痛的发生和发展中起重要作用,p38MAPK及其亚型有望成为治疗神经病理性疼痛的新靶点.     

脊髓小胶质细胞内信号p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶在神经病理性疼痛的作用

证据表明小胶质细胞在神经病理性疼痛中扮演着重要的角色.神经损伤后,小胶质细胞内p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 mitogen activated protein kinase,p38MAPK)激活,致小胶质细胞产生各种生物活性物质,引发痛觉超敏.小胶质细胞内p38MAPK在神经病理性疼痛的发生和发展中起重要作用,p38MAPK及其亚型有望成为治疗神经病理性疼痛的新靶点.     

脊髓小胶质细胞内信号p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶在神经病理性疼痛的作用

证据表明小胶质细胞在神经病理性疼痛中扮演着重要的角色.神经损伤后,小胶质细胞内p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 mitogen activated protein kinase,p38MAPK)激活,致小胶质细胞产生各种生物活性物质,引发痛觉超敏.小胶质细胞内p38MAPK在神经病理性疼痛的发生和发展中起重要作用,p38MAPK及其亚型有望成为治疗神经病理性疼痛的新靶点.     

脊髓小胶质细胞内信号p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶在神经病理性疼痛的作用

证据表明小胶质细胞在神经病理性疼痛中扮演着重要的角色.神经损伤后,小胶质细胞内p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 mitogen activated protein kinase,p38MAPK)激活,致小胶质细胞产生各种生物活性物质,引发痛觉超敏.小胶质细胞内p38MAPK在神经病理性疼痛的发生和发展中起重要作用,p38MAPK及其亚型有望成为治疗神经病理性疼痛的新靶点.     

脊髓小胶质细胞内信号p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶在神经病理性疼痛的作用

证据表明小胶质细胞在神经病理性疼痛中扮演着重要的角色.神经损伤后,小胶质细胞内p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 mitogen activated protein kinase,p38MAPK)激活,致小胶质细胞产生各种生物活性物质,引发痛觉超敏.小胶质细胞内p38MAPK在神经病理性疼痛的发生和发展中起重要作用,p38MAPK及其亚型有望成为治疗神经病理性疼痛的新靶点.     

小胶质细胞与疼痛敏化调控

小胶质细胞激活后充当中枢神经系统的免疫效应细胞,活化的小胶质细胞是脑内细胞因子的重要来源和作用部位,参与疼痛敏感化的病理发生过程。研究证实,神经损伤后小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统中反应较早的胶质细胞,激活的小胶质细胞释放的一些生物活性物质,能导致星形胶质细胞的激活,反过来维持较持久的疼痛状态。本文就脊髓小胶质细胞在神经病理性疼痛中的变化及其分子机制和临床联系作一综述。     

Role of Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase in the spinal cord injury induced neuropathic pain

BACKGROUND CONTEXTSpinal cord injury (SCI) can lead to increased phosphorylation of p38 in spinal cord microglia. This is one of the main causes for the development of persistent pain. Recently, we reported our study on the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) in spinal microglia, which has been considered the key molecule for the onset and maintenance of neuropathic pain after peripheral nerve injury, using a rat model. We also reported that the RhoA/Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase (ROCK) pathway mediates p38 activation in spinal microglia in peripheral nerve injury. But the precise mechanisms of neuropathic pain induced by SCI are still unclear.PURPOSEThis study aimed to examine the activation of microglia and the p38 MAPK expression in the lumbar spinal cord after thoracic SCI in rats, and the correlation to the therapeutic effect of ROCK inhibitor ripasudil in rats with SCI.STUDY DESIGNMale Sprague–Dawley rats underwent thoracic (T10) spinal cord contusion injury using an Infinite Horizon impactor device. SCI rats received ROCK inhibitor ripasudil (24 nmol/day or 240 nmol/day) from just before SCI to 3 days after SCI.METHODSThe mechanical threshold in the rat's hind paws was measured over four weeks. Morphology of microglia and phosphorylation of p38 (p-p38) in the lumbar spinal cord and were analyzed using immunohistochemistry.RESULTSThe p-p38 positive cell and Iba1 (a maker of microglia) positive area were significantly increased at the lumbar spinal dorsal horn (L4–5) 3 days and 7 days after SCI compared with the sham-control (p<.05), whereas phosphorylated p38 was co-localized with microglia. Three days after SCI, the intensity of phosphorylated p38 and Iba1 immunoreactive cells in the dorsal horn was significantly lower in the ripasudil treated groups than in the saline group. However, administration of ROCK inhibitor did not affect the numbers of microglia. Moreover, the withdrawal threshold of the ripasudil-treated rats was significantly higher than that of the saline-injected rats on 14 days and 28 days after SCI.CONCLUSIONSOur results suggest that activation of ROCK in spinal cord microglia is likely to have an important role in the activation of p38 MAPK, which has been considered as a key molecule that switches on neuropathic pain after SCI. Inhibition of ROCK signaling may offer a means in developing a novel neuropathic pain treatment after SCI. It may help patients with neuropathic pain after SCI.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEThe findings in the present study regarding intracellular mechanisms suggest that modulation of ROCK signaling may be a focus for novel treatment for neuropathic pain after SCI.