Pupil diameter changes and reaction after posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation

PURPOSE: To compare the different aspects of pupil constriction before and after the implantation of an implantable contact lens (ICL). SETTING: Augenabteilung der Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin, Berlin, Germany. METHODS: This study comprised 15 myopic and 9 hyperopic eyes that were evaluated before and after the implantation of an ICL using a compact integrated pupillograph (CIP, AMTech) under standardized conditions. The preoperative and postoperative pupil diameters, rate and latency of the pupil reaction, and amplitude of constriction were compared. RESULTS: The latency and the duration of pupil constriction were significantly prolonged after ICL implantation. The rate of pupil contraction and redilation, the pupil diameter, and the amplitude of pupil constriction were reduced after ICL implantation. CONCLUSIONS: The pupil reaction after implantation of a phakic posterior chamber ICL was slower. The postoperative pupil diameter was smaller, and the amplitude of constriction was reduced. The changes have not proved to be clinically significant to date.     

Pupil photometric efficiency and effective centre.

We use equations to show pupil photometric efficiency and effective pupil centre when the Stiles-Crawford function is not centred on the pupil of the eye.     

Pupil size after use of marijuana and alcohol.

In an experiment using ten subjects, marijuana produced a dose-related constriction of the pupil at low photopic light levels; alcohol produced no effect on pupil size. The two drugs in combination produced no change in pupil size.     

Pupil size and reactivity following hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and sodium hyaluronate.

AIMS--A prospective randomised clinical trial was set up to compare the effect of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (Ocucoat) and sodium hyaluronate (Healonid) on pupil size and reactivity following their use in cataract surgery. METHODS--Pupil measurements were recorded before and 6 weeks after surgery. RESULTS--There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to pupil size (p = 0.69, Mann-Whitney U test) nor with respect to reactivity (p = 0.99, Fischer's exact test). Ninety six per cent of the surgery was performed using phacoemulsification. CONCLUSION--This trial suggests that both viscoelastic materials have similar effects on the pupil after their use in cataract surgery.     

Pupil cycle time and early autonomic involvement in ocular leprosy.

Ocular complications of leprosy patients often develop insidiously and with few if any symptoms. This study involves measurement of the pupil cycle time (PCT) to evaluate the autonomic nerve system of the iris to determine the presence of subclinical intraocular involvement. The study included 19 lepromatous (LL), 19 borderline lepromatous (BL), and five borderline tuberculoid (BT) leprosy patients and involved 25 healthy volunteers, 10 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and eight with Duhring disease. The PCT was measured in these groups. In all leprosy groups included in the study the PCT was higher than in the control groups. Moreover, the PCT of the leprosy patients without any intraocular involvement was higher than in the controls. These results show that in the ophthalmic examination of leprosy patients without any symptoms the fact that autonomic nerve system of the eye is affected by the leprosy can often be determined by measuring the PCT.