内镜超声检查和多层螺旋CT对胃癌术前T、N分期的比较研究

目的探讨内镜超声(endoscopicultrasonography,EUS)与多层螺旋CT(multi slicespiralCT,MSCT)在胃癌术前T、N分期中的临床应用价值。方法2000年10月至2002年5月,对89例活检证实的胃癌病人术前分别行内镜超声和多层螺旋CT检查,并与手术病理结果对照。结果EUS对胃癌术前T分期的准确率为75.6%,其中T176.5%,T268.8%,T384.4%,T464.7%;MSCT分别79.3%,58.8%,62.5%,90.6%和94.1%。两者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。EUS对胃癌术前N分期的准确率为57.5%,其中N095.8%,N145.8%,N232.0%;MSCT分别78.1%,70.8%,75.0%和88.0%。EUS和MSCT对胃癌淋巴结转移的敏感性分别为61.2%和91.8%。EUS对N0分期的准确率显著高于MSCT(P<0.05),MSCT对N和N2分期的准确率及淋巴结转移的敏感性均显著高于EUS(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.01)。结论内镜超声检查与多层螺旋CT对胃癌术前TN分期均有较高的准确性。     

超声胃镜在胃癌不同分期诊断中的应用价值

研究分析超声胃镜术前检查胃癌患者的T分期及N分期的临床价值。选择拟实施胃癌根治手术的82例患者作为研究对象术前均采用超声内镜进行检查并依据T、N分期标准进行分期,以术后病理检查结果作为金标准,分析术前超声内镜检查分期结果与术后病理分期结果的差异。超声胃镜术前检查共计诊断T_1期20例、T_2期25例、T_3期24例、T_4期13例,术后病理学共计诊断T_1期20例、T_2期24例、T_3期26例、T4期12例,术前超声诊断与术后病理结果的符合率分别为:T_1期90.00%、T_2期84.00%、T_3期91.67%、T_4期84.62%。超声胃镜术前检查正确诊断淋巴结转移37例、正确诊断未转移患者14例,术前超声胃镜检查结果与术后病理结果判定淋巴结转移比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。超声胃镜术前检查共计诊断N_0期28例、N_1期24例、N_2期20例、N_3期10例,术后病理学共计诊断N_0期31例、N_1期20例、N_2期19例、N_3期12例,术前超声诊断与术后病理结果的符合率分别为:N_0期89.29%、N_1期62.50%、N_2期70.00%、N_3期80.00%。超声胃镜术前检查对胃癌患者进行T分期及N分期判定,其结果与术后病理的符合率较高,对于胃癌患者的诊断及手术预后预测具有一定的意义。     

超声内镜检查对食管癌术前TN分期的临床价值

目的判断超声内镜(EUS)在食管癌术前TN分期与术后病理检查的一致性。方法回顾分析286例食管癌手术患者术前EUS检查结果和术后病理资料,所有患者均经电子胃镜+活体组织病理检查确诊,将EUS分期与术后病理分期进行比较。结果 EUS T分期的灵敏度为87.76%,N分期的灵敏度为89.16%,T分期的准确率为87.76%,N分期的准确率为89.16%,T分期Kappa值为0.575,TN分期Kappa值为0.606,一致性为基本满意。N分期Kappa值为0.78,一致性为相当满意,P0.01。结论 EUS对食管癌术前T、N分期诊断准确率较高,有助于临床医生合理选择食管癌治疗方案。     

超声双重造影在胃癌术前TN分期中的价值

目的 在胃癌术前分期中,通过与超声内镜检查(EUS)对比分析超声双重造影(DCUS)检查的价值.方法 选择162例经病理活检证实为胃癌并进行手术切除的患者,手术前5 d内进行EUS及DCUS检查,并进行TNM分期,与术后病理检查结果对照得出正确率,并进行相互比较.结果 本组162例胃癌患者中TNM分期:42例为T1期,49例为T2期,56例为T3期,15例为T4期.DCUS和EUS术前T分期总的正确率分别为77.2%、74.7%(χ2=0.273,P=0.603),而在T3分期上DCUS优于EUS(χ2=5.009,P=0.025);在N分期上两者总的正确率分别为78.4%、57.4%(χ2=16.370,P=0.001),而两者的敏感性和特异性分别为78.4%比49.5%、78.5%比69.2%.在对阳性淋巴结诊断上DCUS的正确率较高(78.4%比49.5%,χ2=17.523,P<0.01),尤其是对低分化腺癌患者阳性淋巴结的诊断正确率较高(81.5%比42.6%,χ2=17.338,P<0.01).结论 DCUS检查在胃癌术前分期中有较好的应用价值,其在预测阳性淋巴结方面,尤其是判断低分化腺癌患者有无淋巴结转移上正确率高于EUS检查.     

超声内镜对T2期食管癌术前T分期的诊断价值及影响因素

目的探讨术前超声内镜(endoscopic ultrasonography,EUS)对T2期食管癌(esophageal carcinoma,EC)的诊断价值及影响因素。方法回顾性分析我院2015年3月至2016年1月206例EC手术患者术前EUS的检查结果和术后的病理资料,选取未经术前辅助放化疗治疗且术后病理分期为T2期的81例EC患者纳入本研究,其中男59例、女22例,平均年龄63.9岁,中位年龄63.0岁。将EUS检查T分期(c T)与术后病理T分期(p T)进行比较,采用独立样本卡方检验对纳入患者的性别,年龄,肿瘤位置,肿瘤形态,术后病理分化程度,组织学分型,淋巴结转移及术后病理TNM分期等因素进行比较,分析这些因素对T2分期诊断价值的影响。结果 EUS对病理T2期EC术前T分期准确率为61.7%,过高分期率为38.3%。EUS准确分期组与过高分期组在术后病理TNM分期上差异有统计学意义(P=0.023),术后病理TNM分期在过高T分期组较高;而性别,年龄,肿瘤位置,肿瘤形态,术后病理分化程度,组织学分型和淋巴结转移两组差异无统计学意义。结论 EUS对T2期EC术前T分期有过高的分期率,术后病理TNM分期可能是EUS对T2期EC术前过高T分期的一个影响因素。     

胃癌术前超声内镜分期与转移相关基因表达的同步检测分析

目的为了探讨超声内镜胃癌分期与转移相关基因的关系。方法本文应用超声内镜(EUS)对73例胃癌患者进行术前分期,取内镜活检组织同步进行 p53、nm23、c-erbB2等基因蛋白产物的检测。结果肿瘤浸润达浆膜层后或有淋巴结转移的胃癌 p53、c-erbB2及复合表达率均明显增高,nm23单独表达在胃癌各期中无明显的统计学差异。结论提示胃癌转移相关基因表达与术前 EUS 分期有较好的相关性,并与浆膜层浸润及癌转移潜能密切关系,术前 EUS 检查尤应特别注意癌浸润是否已达浆膜层。     

胃癌术前超声内镜分期与转移相关基因表达的同步检测分析

目的 为了探讨超声内镜胃癌分期与转移相关基因的关系。方法 本应用超声内镜(EUS)对73例胃癌患进行术前分期，取内镜活检组织同步进行p53、nm23、c-erbB32等基因蛋白产物的检测。结果 肿瘤浸润达浆膜层后或有淋巴结转移的胃癌p53、c-erbB2及复合表达率均明显增高，nm23单独表达在胃癌各期中无明显的统计学差异。结论 提示胃癌转移相关基因表达与术前EUS分期有较好的相关性，并与浆膜层浸润及癌转移潜能密切关系，术前EUS检查尤应特别注意癌浸润是否已达浆膜层。     

超声内镜在胰腺及壶腹周围占位术前评估中的临床作用

目的评估超声内镜(EUS)对胰腺及壶腹周围占位的诊断及术前TNM分期的作用。方法回顾性分析34例壶腹部占位患者术前EUS资料,并与术后病理结果比较,评估EUS术前诊断准确性。结果 EUS对胰腺占位病灶显示率92.31%,诊断准确率84.62%,T分期判断准确性为76.92%,N分期判断准确性为53.85%;对壶腹部占位病灶显示率为93.75%,诊断准确率93.75%,T分期判断准确性为62.50%,N分期判断准确性为68.75%。结论 EUS对胰腺及壶腹周围占位的诊断及术前TNM分期具有一定作用。     

超声内镜在胃癌术前诊断中的应用分析

目的探讨超声内镜(EUS)在胃癌术前TN分期中的应用经验。方法术后病理检查证实为胃癌而且使用超声内镜进行了术前TN分期的患者352例,对其资料进行回顾性分析。结果 EUS胃癌术前T分期总正确率为81.25%,其中T1为85.58%,T2为73.91%,T3为82.14%,T4为83.33%,与术后病理结果比较具有高度一致性(Kappa系数为0.75)。EUS对胃癌术前N分期总的正确率为52.84%,其中N0为85.56%,N1为56.69%,N2为28.09%,N3为26.09%,与术后病理结果比较具有一般一致性(Kappa系数为0.33)。将病变部位分为贲门、胃底、胃体、胃窦、幽门,不同部位之间的检测正确率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论EUS在胃癌术前诊断中具有临床意义,其中T分期可为合理制定治疗方案提供依据,N分期准确性有待提高。     

胃镜及CT检查对进展期胃癌手术可切除性的探讨

目的 探讨胃镜结合CT检查对进展期胃癌的术前分期及手术治疗的临床指导意义.方法 对182例进展期胃癌的术前胃镜并CT分期与手术结果进行对比.结果 胃镜活检低(未)分化腺癌和黏液腺癌手术切除率(64.1%)较低,弥漫浸润型胃癌的切除率(6.7%)明显低于肿块型(66.7%)和溃疡型(61.8%);CT分期总准确率为91.21%,CT诊断对胃周脏器受侵和(或)转移的敏感性为72.22%,CT对淋巴结分期的准确率为74.2%,敏感性为74.1%,特异性为74.3%,CT诊断对淋巴结分组比较模糊.结论 胃镜在进展期胃癌定性诊断方面有不可取代的优势,对进展期胃痛的大体分型和活检组织学诊断及治疗方式有指导意义.CT诊断对进展期胃癌的临床分期准确性对周围脏器的侵犯、转移及淋巴结转移的诊断均有很高的价值;CT对手术切除情况的判断优于胃镜检查.术前行CT检查,对手术治疗有重要指导意义.     

超声内镜联合CT在胃癌术前分期中的应用

目的 探讨胃癌病人运用超声内镜(EUS)联合CT进行术前分期对判定胃癌可切除性及制定优化综合治疗方案的指导意义.方法 对2010年1月至2011年3月行手术治疗的56例胃癌病人术前行EUS和螺旋CT检查分期和术后病理检查报告分期的资料进行比较分析.结果 EUS检查对T1、T2、T4期的判定具有优势,CT检查对T3的判定...     

Endoscopic ultrasonography in the preoperative staging of gastric cancer

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is a standard procedure in the preoperative staging of patients with gastric carcinomas. Herein we present our experience with EUS and discuss the results and their implications for surgical therapy. METHODS: A total of 116 patients with histologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma were referred to EUS and classified prospectively by the TNM system. The results of the preoperative endosonographic staging were compared with the definitive histopathological results after the operation. RESULTS: The overall accuracy of EUS for determination of the T stage was 78%. The accuracy for the T1 and T2 stages was 80% and 63%, respectively. With 20% and 30%, there was a relatively high rate of overstaging in these cases. The accuracy for T3 and T4 tumors was 95% and 83%, respectively. The accuracy of EUS for determination of the N stage was 77%, with a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 84%. Resectability was predicted correctly with a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 83%. CONCLUSIONS: Generally accepted standards for the therapy of advanced gastric carcinomas do not exist. In cases where the therapeutic strategy is surgical exploration, no preoperative staging is necessary. In cases with differentiated treatment strategies, the accuracy of EUS is not sufficient for the selection of patients for endoscopic resection. Its accuracy for submucosal cancer invasion and for the detection of lymph node metastases needs to be further enhanced. If only multimodal therapy is considered, EUS staging seems to be absolutely mandatory. Patients classified preoperatively as T1 to T3 can be operated on primarily with sufficient security. In patients where radical resection of the tumor seems doubtful, we recommend that a diagnostic laparoscopy be performed to confirm the diagnosis.     

Endosonography of upper gastrointestinal tract cancer on demand using miniprobes or endoscopic ultrasound

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate whether endosonography on demand with miniprobes and conventional endoscopic ultrasound improves the accuracy of endosonographic staging of upper gastrointestinal tract cancer. METHODS: Altogether, 173 patients underwent endoscopic ultrasonography for preoperative staging of esophageal (n = 63) or gastric cancer (n = 110). Depending on the endoscopic appearance (i.e., size and growth pattern), tumors were examined with a linear-array echoendoscope (7.5 MHz) or with high-resolution miniprobes (12.5 MHz). The results of preoperative staging were correlated with histopathology of the resection specimen. RESULTS: The overall accuracy of miniprobe ultrasonography and endoscopic ultrasound in assessing the infiltration depth of upper gastrointestinal cancer was 87% and 81%, respectively. Miniprobe ultrasonography was superior to conventional endoscopic ultrasound in the staging of early cancers, particularly T1 tumors (accuracy, 81% vs 56%). The combined accuracy of both techniques for all tumor stages was 82%. Correct diagnosis of lymph node involvement was obtained with miniprobe ultrasonography or endoscopic ultrasound in 76% and 71% of the cases, respectively. The combined accuracy in assessing the lymph node status was 73% (sensitivity, 68%; specificity, 81%). CONCLUSIONS: Endosonography on demand using either miniprobes or conventional endoscopic ultrasound may result in more effective and less invasive staging of esophageal and gastric cancer. Selective use of high-resolution miniprobes and conventional endoscopic ultrasound offers accurate staging of all tumor stages.     

食管癌与贲门癌患者术前内镜超声检查28例分析

目的 通过对比内镜超声及CT在食管癌、贲门癌术前进行T、N分期中的准确度,评价内镜超声的临床应用价值. 方法 对28例食管癌、贲门患者术前均行内镜超声扫描和CT扫描,并分别进行T、N分期,以术后病理为金标准,比较两者分期的准确性有无差异,同时对比两者对淋巴结转移的准确率(即真实性)的差异,判断内镜超声的应用价值. 结果 本组28例病例中,T分期准确率内镜超声为89.3%(25/28),高于CT的46.4%(13/28),差异有统计学意义(P=0.004,P＜0.01).N分期中,内镜超声与CT的准确率分别为82.1%(23/28)及50.0%(14/28),差异有统计学意义(P=0.035,P＜0.05).对转移淋巴结的分组统计中,内镜超声与CT的准确率分别为88.7%及72.2%,有显著性差异(χ2=7.031,P=0.008,P＜0.01).结论 内镜超声在食管癌、贲门癌术前分期中有重要作用,其T分期准确率明显高于传统CT扫描.以淋巴结短径、S/L(淋巴结短径/淋巴结长径)并结合淋巴结的超声显像特征进行分析,提高了判断淋巴结转移以及N分期的准确性.     

早期大肠癌的诊断及治疗

目的 探讨术前诊断早期大肠癌的方法,并评价其对选择治疗方式的意义。方法 经电子、放大、超声结肠镜观察１５例大肠癌患者肿瘤的大体形态、染色后粘膜腺体开口大小排列特点、肿物浸润深度及淋巴结转移情况,据此对患者进行诊断和临床分期,并制定治疗方案。结果 患者肿瘤直径１～６ｃｍ,以亚有蒂型最多,占５３％（８／１５）;放大内镜观察腺体开口最多见的类型为ⅢＬ加Ⅴ型（８例,５３％）;超声内镜观察粘膜癌１１例,粘膜     

Endosonography in the preoperative evaluation of cancers of the esophagus

OBJECTIVE: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for the local and regional staging of esophageal cancer, and its possible alteration resulting from the performance of preoperative chemoradiation. METHODS: Prospective study of 85 consecutive patients with esophageal cancer evaluated by EUS and operated on between January 1992 and December 1995. 28 of these patients had received previous induction therapy. In all cases, EUS examination was performed by the same physician not informed about the results of previous morphological explorations. Histopathological analysis of all operative specimens was performed by the same pathologist, not informed about the results of EUS. Data were collected by another independent observer. RESULTS: EUS examination resulted in incomplete staging in 8 patients (9.5%) with severe stenosis precluding endoscope passage. The accuracy, specificity and sensitivity of EUS in detecting the depth of esophageal involvement (T0-2 vs. T3-4) were 82.3%, 78%, and 86% respectively, and 72%, 70%, and 73% respectively for lymph node metastasis. The overall accuracy of EUS in identifying the preoperative stage was 67%, with a clear-cut alteration when patients had received induction therapy (61% vs 72%). On the other hand, 7 (64%) of the 11 patients thought to have a complete response at endosonography had no residual tumor. CONCLUSION: EUS provides precise information for the preoperative identification of locally advanced esophageal tumor, even after induction therapy. The latter alters the diagnostic accuracy of EUS, although complete responders could be identified in two-thirds of cases.