自体外周血干细胞移植联合自体骨髓移植治疗恶性血液病61例临床分析

目的　总结分析自体外周血干细胞移植 (APBSCT)联合自体骨髓移植 (ABMT)治疗恶性血液病的经验。方法　APBSCT联合ABMT治疗恶性血液病患者 6 1例 ,其中急性髓系白血病 (AML) 2 0例 ,急性淋巴细胞白血病 (ALL) 2 4例 ,非霍奇金淋巴瘤 (NHL) 17例。结果　AML ,ALL ,NHL组的 3年及 5年无病生存率分别为 (6 3.2± 10 .6 ) % ,(5 4.6±10 .3) % ;(32 .8± 12 .5 ) % ,(15 .4± 12 .4) % ;(75 .4± 11.3) % ,(73.2± 11.5 ) %。移植后造血重建时间 ,WBC恢复至 >0 .5× 10 9/L时中位天数 +12 .0d ,WBC >1.5× 10 9/L时中位天数 +14.0d。PLT最低降至 <30× 10 9/L者当恢复 >30× 10 9/L时的中位天数 +17.5d。全部患者移植相关死亡率为零。 6 1例中至今死亡 14例 ,皆死于复发 ,主要为ALL患者。移植相关并发症以发热、肝功能受损最常见。结论　APBSCT联合ABMT治疗恶性血液病的疗效优于常规化疗。     

异基因外周血造血干细胞移植治疗慢性髓细胞白血病的临床研究

为了评价异基因外周血造血干细胞移植 (allo PBSCT)治疗慢性髓细胞白血病 (CML)的疗效 ,作者对 12例CML进行了allo PBSCT的临床研究 ,12例均为第 1次慢性期 ,中位年龄 32 .5岁 ;全部供受者HLA配型完全相合 ,供者动员用G CSF 5 μg/ (kg·d)× 5天 ,分离外周血单个核细胞 (2 .49.5 7)× 10 8/kg(中位数 5 .0× 10 8/kg) ,CD 34 + 细胞数为 (0 .72 6 6 .30 )× 10 6/kg(中位数 5 .82× 10 6/kg)。预处理方案 :9例采用全身照射 (TBI) +环磷酰胺 (CTX) +依托泊甙 (VP16 ) ,3例采用TBI +CTX ;移植物抗宿主病 (GVHD)预防采用环孢素A(CsA) +短程甲氨喋呤 (MTX)方案。全部患者均顺利造血重建 ,中性粒细胞 >0 .5× 10 9/L中位数 14.5天 (142 3天 ) ,血小板 >2 0× 10 9/L中位数 16天 ;发生Ⅱ度以上急性GVHD 3例 (2 5 % ) ;慢性GVHD共 5例 ,其中局限性 3例 ,广泛性 2例 ;死亡 3例 ,2例死于感染 ,1例死于间质性肺炎 ,中位随访 6个月 ,存活 9例。Allo PBSCT急性GVHD发生率并不比异基因骨髓移植高 ,但慢性GVHD的发生应引起重视     

抗CD25抗体预防移植物抗宿主病在儿童白血病半匹配骨髓移植中的应用

目的　探讨抗 CD2 5抗体用于预防儿童白血病半匹配未去 T细胞骨髓移植重度移植物抗宿主病 (GVHD)的疗效。　方法　 10例儿童白血病患者接受 HL A2 - 3位点不合半匹配骨髓移植 ,移植方法除了供者应用粒细胞集落刺激因子 (GCSF)2 5 0μg促进骨髓及受者应用环孢素 A(CSA ) ,甲氨蝶呤 (MTX) ,抗胸腺细胞球蛋白 (ATG)和霉酚酸酯 (MMF)预防 GVHD综合措施外 ,加用抗 CD2 5单克隆抗体预防 GVHD,剂量各为 2 0 m g,在移植前 2 h和移植后第 4天应用 ,采髓后未去 T细胞输注 ,移植结果与前期未用 Simulect移植组比较。　结果　 10例移植后均获造血重建 ,粒细胞大于 0 .5× 10 9/ L 中位天数是19 d,血小板大于 2 0× 10 9/ L 的中位天数是 2 2 d,骨髓植活直接证据检测证实为完全供者造血。无 1例发生急性 ～ GVHD,未用 Sim ulect对照组急性 ～ GVHD为 5 0 % ,差异有显著性意义。可评价慢性 GVHD的 8例均发生慢性 GVHD,均为局限性慢性 GVHD。中位随访 12个月 (范围 9～ 2 4个月 ) ,2例移植相关死亡 ,1例移植后 14个月复发死亡 ,实际无病生存率是 70 % ,与对照比较差异无显著性意义。　结论　本研究儿童半匹配未去 T细胞骨髓移植应用 Sim ulect,明显降低急性重症 a GVHD发生 ,减少移植相关死亡 ,临床应用安全可行。     

乙型肝炎病毒感染在造血干细胞移植时对造血干细胞植入的影响

目的　探讨恶性血液病患者的移植前、后乙肝病毒 (HBV)感染对其造血干细胞移植 (HSCT)时植活效果的影响。方法　对我院 1 990年 1月— 2 0 0 1年 5月间 1 85例造血干细胞移植的患者中 ,有HBV感染的 48例患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果　HBsAg阳性率、HBV感染流行率 (未包括单纯HBsAb阳性者)分别为 1 3 / 1 85 ( 7.0 2 %)、48/ 1 85 ( 2 5 .95 %)。在自体造血干细胞移植 (AHSCT)和异基因造血干细胞移植 (Allo HSCT)中包括HBsAg( +)组和HBsAb( +)组在内的HBV感染组白细胞恢复到 1× 1 0 9/L所需的平均天数与对照组比较均无统计学的显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,乙肝病毒感染组白细胞恢复到 1× 1 0 9/L所需的平均天数为 ( 1 4 .5 4±5 .49)d。结论　乙型肝炎病毒感染不影响造血干细胞的植活时间     

G-CSF动员供者骨髓在异基因骨髓移植中的应用

为探索异基因骨髓移植的新途径以促进造血重建及减轻GVHD ,对 35例供者使用G CSF(格诺赛特 ) 2 5 0 μg/d,连续 7天后采髓 ,对HLA相合、混合淋巴细胞培养 (MLC)阴性的白血病患者行骨髓移植。对 18例供者动员前后骨髓CD34 + 细胞含量及T细胞亚群改变进行了评估。结果显示 ,35例病人全部移植物植入 ,移植后中性粒细胞 >0 5× 10 9/L与血小板 >2 0×10 9/L的时间分别为(15± 3 1)天及 (18 1± 3 0 )天 ,急性GVHDI度发生率为 2 8 6 % ,II度以上 5 7%。G CSF动员后骨髓CD34 + 、CD4+ 细胞比例增加而CD8+ 细胞比例减少。说明G CSF动员可使供者骨髓造血祖细胞和T细胞亚群发生改变 ,从而促进受者造血恢复并降低其急性GVHD发生率     

粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)对老年急性心肌梗死患者外周血干细胞动员效率的临床观察

目的　观察粒细胞集落刺激因子 (G CSF)对老年 (≥ 70岁 )急性心肌梗死 (AMI)患者 ,外周血干细胞动员效率。方法　 10例老年AMI患者予以G CSF 30 0 μg～ 6 0 0 μg d皮下注射 ,连续 5d ,第 6天经美国Baxter公司生产的CS30 0 0PLUS血细胞分离机 ,分离PBSC ,动员前及动员后第 3～ 7天行外周血WBC计数检查 ,经流式细胞仪测定CD34+ 的细胞数量。结果　在动员前及动员后第 3～ 7天外周血中WBC量分别为 6 .75× 10 9 L、2 8.16× 10 9 L、34.93× 10 9 L、34.4 0× 10 9 L、38.93× 10 9 L、2 1.85× 10 9 L ;CD34+ 量分别为 6 .2 5× 10 6 、5 1.10× 10 6 、92 .6 0× 10 6 、10 9.6 5× 10 6 、134.6 9× 10 6 、4 5 .0 9× 10 6 ;在动员前及动员后第 3～ 7天外周血中WBC、CD34+ 量与动员时间变化曲线均显示曲线高峰在动员后第 6天 ;患者外周血中CD34+ 细胞数量与WBC数量变化呈正相关 (r=0 .94 0 ) .结论　老年AMI患者行G CSF动员安全可行 ,外周血中CD34+ 细胞数量与WBC变化曲线高峰均出现在第 6天 ,且WBC与CD34+ 细胞数量之间具有正相关     

急性心肌梗死患者外周血干细胞动员效率及安全性观察

目的　观察急性心肌梗死 (AMI)患者应用G CSF行自体外周血干细胞动员的效率与安全性。方法　我院 2 0 0 3年 11月至 2 0 0 4年 8月收治的 4 5例AMI患者 ,入院后在常规AMI治疗 (药物与介入治疗 )基础上给予包涵体型G CSF ,30 0～ 6 0 0 μg d皮下注射 ,连续 5d ,第 6天经美国Baxter公司生产的CS30 0 0PLUS血细胞分离机 ,分离外周血干细胞 ,然后进行经皮经腔冠状动脉内移植自体外周血干细胞进一步治疗急性心肌梗死。动员前及动员后第 3～ 7天行外周血WBC计数检查 ,经流式细胞仪测定CD34+ 的细胞数量。并在外周血干细胞动员时观察有无不良反应 ,心绞痛或心衰加重等并发症发生 ,及一些少见的并发症 :自发性脾破裂、严重化脓性感染、高凝状态、自身免疫性疾病等发生。结果　在动员前及动员后第 3～ 7天外周血中WBC量分别为 (8.4 2± 2 .5 9)× 10 9 L、(31.2 8± 8.34)× 10 9 L、(35 .2 4± 9.38)× 10 9 L、(37.0 3± 13.0 7)× 10 9 L、(35 .34± 14 .6 8)× 10 9 L、(2 0 .35± 9.2 2 )× 10 9 L ;CD34+ 量分别为 (14 .89± 11.4 6 )× 10 6 、(6 7.78± 5 0 .88)× 10 6 、(12 4 .79± 136 .13)× 10 6 、(2 0 8.92± 2 0 6 .97)× 10 6 、(2 0 6 .10± 184 .5 7)× 10 6 、(6 6 .6 3± 5 6 .5 6 )× 10     

低剂量全身照射在非清髓性干细胞移植中的临床研究

目的 观察非清髓性低剂量全身照射的临床效果和急性毒副作用。方法 2006年1月至2008年1月对27例异基因造血干细胞移植患者采用含有全身照射的非清髓预处理方案:全身照射(TBI)2 Gy,一次完成;受者原发病不同,受者机体状态、年龄、脏器功能以及供受者HAL相合情况等不同,使用的化疗方案也有不同,包括氟达拉宾、环磷酰胺、阿糖胞苷、马法兰等。预防移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)采用:环孢霉素、霉酚酸酯。结果 造血重建情况: 27例均于移植后第4~8天外周血WBC降至(0.05~0.9)×10⁹/L。中性粒细胞计数>0.5×10⁹/L为8~22 d(中位数为10.5 d),血小板计数>30×10⁹/L为11~28 d(中位数为14.5 d)。1、2年生存率为85.2%(23/27)、77.8%(21/27)。发热率65%,10例发生感染。无出血性膀胱炎和肝静脉闭塞症等并发症。急性GVHD 4例(15%), 慢性GVHD 5例(19%)。随访3~22个月21例(77.8%)仍存活。结论 采用低剂量全身照射的非清髓性造血干细胞移植预处理方案简便安全,并发症少,适应证广;全身照射总剂量2 Gy,1次完成的方案是安全有效的,可以达到免疫抑制效果。     

自体外周血干细胞移植治疗高危恶性实体瘤

目的 :探讨自体外周血干细胞移植治疗高危恶性实体瘤的可行性及疗效并了解干细胞动员、采集时机、骨髓恢复时间等问题。方法 :16例经病理确诊的高危乳腺癌、淋巴瘤及小细胞肺癌等在经不同程度的化疗后 ,进行了大剂量化疗并自体外周血干细胞的移植。结果 :全部病人均获造血重建 ,中性粒细胞 (>0 .5× 10 9·L-1)造血重建中位时间 14 (10～ 2 1)d ,血小板 (>2 0× 10 9·L-1)造血重建中位时间约 16 (12～ 2 5 )d。本组中 10例 (6 2 .5 % )病人随访中位时间 4 8月 (2～ 84月 )无病存活 ,6 (37.5 % )例复发。结论 :大剂量化疗并自体外周血干细胞移植治疗高危恶性实体瘤疗效好 ,且较安全 ,而骨髓恢复的快慢似和回输的单个核细胞的量有关 ,和年龄无关。     

供者提前使用粒细胞集落刺激因子动员的异基因骨髓移植对造血重建与移植物抗宿主疾病的影响

目的 :为观察使用 G- CSF提前动员供者的异基因骨髓移植方法对造血重建及 GVHD发生的影响。　方法 :用HL A相合 ,混合淋巴细胞培养阴性的供者 ,行异基因骨髓移植 ,在预处理方案 ,GVHD的预防及支持治疗方法相同 ,比较 A组5例病人供者接受 G- CSF2 5 0 μg/d连用 7d后采髓和 B组 4例病人常规采髓的异基因骨髓移植对造血重建和 GVHD发生的作用。　结果 :在类同采髓量中 ,A组所获单个核细胞、CD34 细胞数和 CFU- GM集落数明显多于 B组 (P<0 .0 1) ,A组白细胞大于 1.0× 10 9/L和血小板大于 2 0× 10 9/L的时间分别是 (13.0± 2 .0 ) d和 (14.0± 2 .1) ,比对照组快 8.8d和 10 .3d。 GVHDII～ III度发生率是 A组为 0 ,B组 2例 ,输入的 T淋巴细胞总数无明显改变 ,但 CD4细胞明显减少 ,CD8细胞增多 (P<0 .0 1)。结论 :HL A相合的异基因骨髓移植 ,提前使用 G- CSF动员供者 ,造血重建加快。供者使用 G- CSF可能降低 GVHD发生率 ,这一作用与骨髓内 T淋巴细胞亚群变化有关。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.