慢病毒介导骨形态发生蛋白7基因转染诱导大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞向神经元样细胞的分化

文题释义： 骨形态发生蛋白7：骨形态发生蛋白不仅决定着胚胎早期神经与非神经的命运,还与Wnt、Shh等其他信号通路协同作用,在神经干细胞的增殖、分化以及神经系统各亚型细胞的形成中发挥着重要作用。骨形态发生蛋白7是骨形态发生蛋白家族的重要成员之一,通过静脉或脑室注射骨形态发生蛋白7蛋白,可改善脑缺血大鼠的神经功能,而且骨形态发生蛋白7能够促进神经树突生长,说明骨形态发生蛋白7可能在神经系统发生与修复中具有重要的调节作用,起到神经保护作用。 骨髓间充质干细胞：其具有来源广泛、取材容易、免疫排斥反应弱、避免伦理争议等优点,应用于治疗脊髓损伤具有重要的临床意义,为一种理想的组织工程干细胞。但利用骨髓间充质干细胞治疗脊髓损伤存在诸多问题,例如向神经细胞分化效率低、移植进入体内后分化形成的神经细胞能否与内源性神经细胞形成突触联系等。 背景：骨髓间充质干细胞具备向神经元样细胞分化的潜能,已经被列为治疗脊髓损伤的首选干细胞,但其分化效率低,寻找一种具有高效诱导能力的因子尤为重要。基于文献查阅及课题组研究基础,推测骨形态发生蛋白7(bone morphogenetic protein 7,BMP-7)基因可能在促进骨髓间充质干细胞向神经元样细胞分化上发挥着重要作用。 目的：探讨骨形态发生蛋白7慢病毒载体转染诱导大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞向神经元样细胞分化的作用。 方法：采用全骨髓贴壁法培养SD大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,以感染复数为50,25,10,1进行LV-GFP转染,转染后3 d在荧光倒置显微镜下观察各组GFP表达情况,确定最佳感染复数。取第3代骨髓间充质干细胞,分为空白对照组(常规培养)、LV-GFP组、LV-BMP-7-GFP组,以最佳感染复数转染24,48,72,96,120 h后,采用MTT法检测细胞存活率;转染3 d后,采用免疫细胞化学实验检测神经细胞标记物神经丝蛋白200、突触素1表达。 结果与结论：①LV-GFP转染后3 d,感染复数为1组未见GFP阳性细胞,感染复数为10,25,50组可见GFP阳性细胞,其中感染复数为10组平均荧光强度高于其余组(P < 0.05),为最适感染复数;②空白对照组、LV-GFP组神经丝蛋白200、突触素1表达呈阴性;LV-BMP-7-GFP组神经丝蛋白200、突触素1表达呈阳性,胞体和轴突被染成亮棕黄色;③结果表明,LV-BMP-7转染可促进骨髓间充质干细胞向神经元样细胞分化。 ORCID: 0000-0001-5909-5524(张文) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程     

pIRES-骨形态发生蛋白2质粒转染大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞后的 持续表达

背景：重组人骨形态发生蛋白2已被广泛应用于骨组织工程治疗骨缺损或骨不连,但是直接应用外源性骨形态发生蛋白2修复骨缺损效果不理想。 目的：观察转染pIRES-骨形态发生蛋白2的大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞持续合成并分泌骨形态发生蛋白2的情况。 方法：全骨髓贴壁法分离培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,脂质体介导下将真核表达质粒pIRES-骨形态发生蛋白2导入大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞。 结果与结论：ELISA结果显示,随着pIRES-骨形态发生蛋白2转染时间的延长,大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞分泌的骨形态发生蛋白2逐渐增多,至转染后10~12 d达高峰,转染后15 d,仍可见较多骨形态发生蛋白2的表达。说明转染pIRES-骨形态发生蛋白2的大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞可持续稳定分泌骨形态发生蛋白2。     

STRO-1 selected rat dental pulp stem cells transfected with adenoviral-mediated human bone morphogenetic protein 2 gene show enhanced odontogenic differentiation

Dental pulp stem cells harbor great potential for tissue-engineering purposes. However, previous studies have shown variable results, and some have reported only limited osteogenic and odontogenic potential.Because bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are well-established agents to induce bone and dentin formation,in this study STRO-1-selected rat dental pulp-derived stem cells were transfected with the adenoviral mediated human BMP-2 gene. Subsequently, the cells were evaluated for their odontogenic differentiation ability in medium not containing dexamethasone or other stimuli. Cultures were investigated using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and evaluated for cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity, and calcium content. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed for gene expression of Alp, osteocalcin, collagen type I, bone sialoprotein, dentin sialophosphoprotein, and dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1. Finally, an oligo-microarray was used to profile the expression of odontogenesis-related genes. Results of ALP activity, calcium content, and real-time PCR showed that only BMP2-transfected cells had the ability to differentiate into the odontoblast phenotype and to produce a calcified extracellular matrix. SEM and oligo-microarray confirmed these results. In contrast, the non-transfected cells represented a less differentiated cell phenotype. Based on our results, we concluded that the adenovirus can transfect STRO-1 selected cells with high efficacy. After BMP2 gene transfection, these cells had the ability to differentiate into odontoblast phenotype, even without the addition of odontogenic supplements to the medium.     

Reconstruction of alveolar bone defects using bone morphogenetic protein 2 mediated rabbit dental pulp stem cells seeded on nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/poly(L-lactide)

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the capacity of a tissue-engineered bone complex of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2)-mediated dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/poly(L-lactide) (nHAC/PLA) to reconstruct critical-size alveolar bone defects in New Zealand rabbit. Autologous DPSCs were isolated from rabbit dental pulp tissue and expanded ex vivo to enrich DPSCs numbers, and then their attachment and differentiation capability were evaluated when cultured on the culture plate or nHAC/PLA. The alveolar bone defects were treated with nHAC/PLA, nHAC/PLA+rhBMP-2, nHAC/PLA+DPSCs, nHAC/PLA+DPSCs+rhBMP-2, and autogenous bone (AB) obtained from iliac bone or were left untreated as a control. X-ray and a polychrome sequential fluorescent labeling were performed postoperatively and the animals were sacrificed 12 weeks after operation for histological observation and histomorphometric analysis. Our results showed that DPSCs expressed STRO-1 and vementin, and favored osteogenesis and adipogenesis in conditioned media. DPSCs attached and spread well, and retained their osteogenic phenotypes on nHAC/PLA. The rhBMP-2 could significantly increase protein content, alkaline phosphatase activity/protein, osteocalcin content, and mineral formation of DPSCs cultured on nHAC/PLA. The X-ray graph, the fluorescent, histological observation, and histomorphometric analysis showed that the nHAC/PLA+DPSCs+rhBMP-2 tissue-engineered bone complex had an earlier mineralization and more bone formation inside the scaffold than nHAC/PLA, nHAC/PLA+rhBMP-2, and nHAC/PLA+DPSCs, or even autologous bone. Implanted DPSCs' contribution to new bone was detected through transfected eGFP genes. Our findings indicated that stem cells existed in adult rabbit dental pulp tissue. The rhBMP-2 promoted osteogenic capability of DPSCs as a potential cell source for periodontal bone regeneration. The nHAC/PLA could serve as a good scaffold for autologous DPSC seeding, proliferation, and differentiation. The tissue-engineered bone complex with nHAC/PLA, rhBMP-2, and autologous DPSCs might be a better alternative to autologous bone for the clinical reconstruction of periodontal bone defects.     

慢病毒介导骨形态发生蛋白2基因转染大鼠骨髓内皮祖细胞

背景：基因治疗已成为疾病治疗的新趋势,为某些难治性疾病带来了曙光,合适的细胞、基因及载体的选择是治疗的关键。 目的：探讨慢病毒介导骨形态发生蛋白2基因转染大鼠骨髓内皮祖细胞应用于基因治疗的有效性和可行性。 方法：从SD大鼠骨髓分离、培养、鉴定内皮祖细胞,采用构建的慢病毒载体(LV)将空载体(LV-eGFP)或骨形态发生蛋白2基因(LV-eGFP-BMP2)转染至内皮祖细胞,通过eGFP荧光检测转染效率。ELISA法检测上清液中骨形态发生蛋白2蛋白的分泌,Western blot法检测细胞骨形态发生蛋白2蛋白的表达,比较转染后细胞的迁移、增殖和抗凋亡能力。 结果与结论：慢病毒介导骨形态发生蛋白2载体的转染效率可达90%。与正常内皮祖细胞、转染空载体内皮祖细胞比较,转染骨形态发生蛋白2基因的内皮祖细胞分泌和表达骨形态发生蛋白2蛋白增加(P < 0.01),迁移和增殖能力无明显改变(P > 0.05),肿瘤坏死因子α损伤后的细胞凋亡率明显降低(P < 0.05)。结果表明慢病毒介导骨形态发生蛋白2载体可成功转染内皮祖细胞,转染后可增加内皮祖细胞分泌和表达骨形态发生蛋白2蛋白,增强对炎性损伤的抗凋亡能力,对迁移能力和增殖活性无明显影响。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程全文链接：     

骨形态发生蛋白7腺病毒基因转染对骨髓基质干细胞生物学功能的影响

背景：基因转染技术正积极地应用于组织再生治疗之中,研究表明骨形态发生蛋白7具有骨诱导特性,可以有效促进成骨细胞的发育以及新骨的形成。 目的：探讨骨形态发生蛋白7腺病毒基因转染对骨髓基质干细胞生物学功能的影响。 方法：分离、培养羊骨髓基质干细胞,利用重组骨形态发生蛋白7腺病毒(adenovirus bone morphogenetic protein 7,Adeno-BMP7)对第2代骨髓基质干细胞进行基因转染,透射电镜观察转染后细胞超微结构。流式细胞仪检测转染后的细胞周期,Western blot检测骨形态发生蛋白7的表达,Von Kossa染色观察钙结节形态情况。取转染后第3天及相应未转染的骨髓基质干细胞制备珊瑚-细胞复合物,于裸鼠脊柱两侧背部皮下注射4周和8周后进行大体观察和组织学检测。 结果与结论：体外细胞超微结构观察可见Adeno-BMP7基因转染骨髓基质干细胞存在活跃的物质合成代谢;流式细胞仪检测发现转染不会对骨髓基质干细胞的细胞周期产生明显影响;Western blot检测转染后的骨髓基质干细胞存在骨形态发生蛋白7蛋白的表达;Von Kossa染色可见转染Adeno-BMP7后的骨髓基质干细胞形成较大的钙结节。经裸鼠皮下回植实验发现,Adeno-BMP7转染后骨髓基质干细胞的成骨能力和成骨质量明显提高。以上结果表明经Adeno-BMP7转染可以有效促进骨髓基质干细胞成骨分化。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程全文链接：     

重组人类骨形态蛋白2复合自固化磷酸钙材料在体内的血管化

背景：深筋膜瓣促进组织工程骨血管化是一种成熟的技术,但动物种属不同、植入材料不同均会使血管化的结果产生较大的差异。 目的：比较复合重组人类骨形态蛋白2的自固化磷酸钙人工骨和单纯的自固化磷酸钙人工骨在比格犬带蒂筋膜瓣内的血管再生能力。 方法：分别将复合重组人骨形态蛋白2的自固化磷酸钙人工骨和单纯的自固化磷酸钙人工骨包裹于12只成年比格犬腰背部两侧带蒂深筋膜瓣中,于术后第2,4,8,16周各随机选取3只动物摘取血管化标本,进行大体观察、苏木精-伊红染色、Masson染色及血管内皮细胞Ⅷ因子相关抗原(ⅧRAg)免疫组织化学染色观察比较新血管的生成情况。 结果与结论：在材料植入后4周、8周和16周,两组均发现带蒂筋膜与植入材料接触区出现明显血管化,并随时间延长,向材料内部延伸;实验组相对血管面积百分比和阳性染色的面密度值在2,4,8,16周时均高于对照组。结果显示两种人工骨在筋膜内均有一定的血管化能力,但复合重组人骨形态蛋白2的自固化磷酸钙人工松质骨在体内的血管化较单纯自固化磷酸钙人工松质骨更为明显。     

骨形态发生蛋白2和7共转染骨髓间充质干细胞的成骨分化

背景：骨形态发生蛋白最主要的作用是诱导骨形成,但因提取困难、代谢速度快、难以准确控制其使用浓度、价格昂贵等限制了其在体外和体内相关研究中的应用。 目的：构建含特异细胞生长因子基因骨形态发生蛋白2,7的腺病毒载体,观察骨形态发生蛋白2和骨形态发生蛋白7基因共转染对兔骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的促进作用。 方法：将全骨髓贴壁法分离得到兔骨髓间充质干细胞传至第3代,分为5组,空白组和常规诱导组分别以常规培养基和成骨诱导分化培养基培养;骨形态发生蛋白2, 7腺病毒转染组：分别单独以骨形态发生蛋白2、骨形态发生蛋白7腺病毒进行转染;联合转染组：以2种骨形态发生蛋白腺病毒联合转染。 结果与结论：转染第7天,联合转染组成骨相关基因Runx-2、Osx、Ⅰ型胶原和碱性磷酸酶mRNA表达均较其他各组增高(P < 0.05);骨形态发生蛋白2,7腺病毒转染组上述指标较空白组和常规诱导组增高(P < 0.05)。转染第14天,联合转染组4个指标均较其他各组明显增高(P < 0.05);同时,4个指标表达均高于第7天(P < 0.05)。病毒转染后第7天,联合转染组Ⅰ型胶原和骨钙素蛋白表达均较其他组明显增高(P < 0.05)。提示对骨髓间充质干细胞进行骨形态发生蛋白2腺病毒和骨形态发生蛋白7腺病毒共转染后,较单基因转染和成骨诱导液诱导更能促进成骨相关基因和蛋白的表达。     

NAC-PCCs载骨形态发生蛋白2基因纳米微球促大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化

目的　构建半胱氨酸及磷酸胆碱共接枝的仿生壳聚糖载体（NAC-PCCs）,并包封骨形态发生蛋白2（BMP2）基因进行诱导骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的研究。 方法　制备pBMP2/NAC-PCCs材料,检测其粒径、形态,绘制DNA缓释曲线,研究微球抗DNA酶降解能力。在骨髓间充质干细胞与材料共培养过程中,检测材料的转染效能、ROS清除能力、BMP2蛋白分泌水平、成骨相关基因RUNX2、OC表达、碱性磷酸酶活性等指标,以研究其对骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的影响。 结果　微球材料能有效避免DNA被生物酶降解,其转染效率为23.1%,ROS清除率为(36.13±0.47)%。同时实验结果显示与NAC-PCCs共培养的细胞, 其细胞内BMP2表达水平高于其余各组且成骨分化效果最佳。 结论　NAC-PCCs包封BMP2基因形成的纳米微球材料具有促进BMSC成骨分化作用。     

人骨形态发生蛋白2基因重组腺病毒表达载体转染兔骨髓间充质干细胞*

背景：采用GatewayTM技术构建腺病毒载体,显著弥补了外源性细胞因子局部应用的缺陷。 目的：观察人骨形态发生蛋白2重组腺病毒表达载体(Ad-BMP-2/GFP)转染兔骨髓间充质干细胞后骨形态发生蛋白2的表达情况。 方法：密度梯度离心联合贴壁培养法,分离、培养、纯化兔骨髓间充质干细胞;GatewayTM技术构建的Ad-BMP-2/GFP腺病毒载体转染兔骨髓间充质干细胞。 结果与结论：RT-PCR检测转染诱导后的细胞表达成骨细胞特异性产物骨钙素;转染后兔骨髓间充质干细胞在mRNA水平和蛋白水平均有人骨形态发生蛋白2的表达。结果表明构建的Ad-BMP-2/GFP可高效转染兔骨髓间充质干细胞,骨形态发生蛋白2在细胞中能高效表达。     

Ectopic bone formation associated with recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteins-2 using absorbable collagen sponge and beta tricalcium phosphate as carriers

The ectopic bone formation of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2(rhBMP-2) was evaluated using absorbable collagen sponges (ACS) and beta tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) as carriers in a rat subcutaneous assay model. Subcutaneous pockets were created on the back of rats. The pockets were implanted with rhBMP-2/ACS, rhBMP-2/beta-TCP, ACS alone, and beta-TCP alone. The rats were sacrificed at 2 or 8 weeks for histological and immunohistochemical evaluation. At 2 weeks, bone formation was evident in both the rhBMP-2/ACS and rhBMP-2/beta-TCP sites. At 8 weeks, the quantity of the new bone with a more advanced stage of remodeling had increased further in the rhBMP-2/beta-TCP sites. However, the newly formed bone observed at 2 weeks was not found in the rhBMP-2/ACS sites. On immunohistochemical observation, osteopontin staining was observed on both the rhBMP-2/ACS (2 weeks) and rhBMP-2/beta-TCP (2 and 8 weeks) sites. Osteocalcin was not detected in any of the samples. The lack of space-providing capacity of ACS may be one of the major factors responsible for its failure to maintain the newly induced bone. Therefore, a carrier for BMPs should provide space for bone formation and maturation during the more advanced healing stages.     

骨形态发生蛋白2基因转染犬牙髓细胞

背景：研究发现骨形态发生蛋白2具有诱导间充质细胞向成骨细胞表型分化以及诱导新骨及修复性牙本质形成的能力。 目的：通过对细胞超微结构的分析,探讨骨形态发生蛋白2基因转染的犬牙髓细胞,向成牙本质细胞转化的过程。 方法：将培养的性状稳定的第4代犬牙髓细胞分为3组：基因转染组转染pEGFP-N1-BMP-2基因,空白载体转染组转染EGFP-N1空白荧光载体,未转染组不转染。 结果与结论：成功构建pEGFP-N1-BMP-2真核表达质粒,并成功将其转染犬牙髓细胞, pEGFP-N1-BMP-2质粒转染促进犬牙髓细胞分泌骨形态发生蛋白2。pEGFP-N1-BMP-2质粒转染有促进牙髓细胞碱性磷酸酶活性的作用。透射电镜观察结果显示：转染后的犬牙髓细胞具有成牙本质细胞的形态特点。说明pEGFP-N1-BMP-2 真核表达质粒转染后的牙髓细胞,具有成牙本质细胞的特征。     

腺病毒介导的人骨形态发生蛋白2基因转染骨髓间充质干细胞

背景：骨髓间充质干细胞作为骨、软骨创伤缺损及退变修复的种子细胞越来越受到关注。 目的：分析人骨形态发生蛋白2基因转染对白色封闭群大鼠(SD大鼠)骨髓间充质干细胞的影响。 方法：分离纯化SD大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞并体外扩增,通过腺病毒载体介导人骨形态发生蛋白2基因转染骨髓间充质干细胞,分别通过荧光显微镜观察荧光表达情况及蛋白质水平来测定转染后人骨形态发生蛋白2的表达,碱性磷酸酶定量测定鉴定成骨活性及MTT法评估人骨形态发生蛋白2转染对骨髓间充质干细胞的影响。 结果与结论：从SD大鼠骨髓提取物中分离培养的细胞形态为梭形,呈铺路石状、漩涡状生长,经流式细胞仪检测及多项分化能力鉴定符合骨髓间充质干细胞的特征;经转染人骨形态发生蛋白2基因后,骨髓间充质干细胞表达人骨形态发生蛋白2、碱性磷酸酶;MTT法检测转染人骨形态发生蛋白2基因后,骨髓间充质干细胞增殖能力明显增强(P < 0.05)。说明人骨形态发生蛋白2基因转染骨髓间充质干细胞后可以持续、高效表达人骨形态发生蛋白2和碱性磷酸酶,在体外明显促进骨髓间充质干细胞的增殖。     

多孔磷酸钙骨水泥与转染骨形态发生蛋白2基因的骨髓间充质干细胞复合修复股骨髁骨缺损

BACKGROUND: Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) can improve the osteogenesis capacity of tissue-engineered bone. However, how to prolong BMP release is a key for constructing tissue-engineered bone. OBJECTIVE: To study the repair effect of porous calcium phosphate cement (CPC) with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transfected with BMP-2 gene on bone defects. METHODS: After modeling of bilateral femoral condyle bone defects, 12 model rabbits were given implantation of porous CPC with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transfected with BMP-2 on the left (experimental group) and given implantation of porous CPC with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the right (control group). Bilateral femoral condyles were taken and analyzed histologically at 4 and 12 weeks after implantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Better osteogenesis including more newly formed bone tissues and faster scaffold absorption was observed in the experimental group compared with the control group at 4 and 12 weeks after implantation. The area of newly formed bone tissues at different time and rate of bone formation at 12 weeks were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P < 0.001, P < 0.05). These findings indicate that transfer of BMP-2 into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with porous CPC could increase repair of bone defects.     

骨形态蛋白2体外诱导大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞分化为心肌样细胞

目的 应用骨形态蛋白2(BMP-2)体外诱导骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)向心肌样细胞分化,探索MSCs向心肌细胞分化的诱导方法.方法 取SD大鼠四肢骨骨髓,分离培养MSCs,应用BMP-2定向诱导,相差显微镜观察细胞形态学变化,应用免疫细胞化学、激光扫描共焦显微镜技术检测结蛋白(desmin)、α-横纹肌肌动蛋白(α-sareomeric actin)、心肌特异性肌钙蛋白(C-TnT)的表达,透射电镜鉴定.在诱导后7d、21d和28d 3个时间点以半定量RT-PCR方法检测细胞心肌早期转录因子(GATA4)和心肌特异性α-肌凝蛋白重链(α-MHC)的表达.结果 BMP-2诱导后的MSCs细胞伸出伪足,排列方向渐趋一致.MSCs体外经BMP-2诱导后分化的细胞结蛋白、α-横纹肌肌动蛋白、C-TnT均表达阳性,结蛋白、α-横级肌肌动蛋白阳性率较高,分别为37.28%和63.94%,而C-TnT阳性率较低为34.66%.透射电镜下可见到平行排列的肌丝,大量的粗面内质网和线粒体,富含糖原和核糖体.RT-PCR结果显示,GATA4于诱导后7d弱表达,21d表达增强,28d表达减弱.α-MHC在诱导后7d不表达,21d弱表达,28d表达明显.结论骨髓间充质干细胞在BMP-2诱导下可定向分化为心肌样细胞,是自体心肌细胞的一种良好供体来源.     

牙髓干细胞修复种植体周围骨缺损的研究

目的 建立兔下颌骨前牙即刻种植种植体周围骨缺损的动物模型,考察牙髓干细胞(DPSCs)在种植体周围骨缺损中的骨再生能力.方法 将8只新西兰白兔随机分为两组,分别拔除兔双侧下颌前牙,在拔牙窝颊侧建立2 mm×3 mm骨缺损区,即刻植入种植体,对照组植入Bio-oss骨粉和磷酸盐缓冲液,实验组植入Bio-oss骨粉和DPSCs.通过大体观察和组织学观察(苏木精-伊红染色、Goldner's三色染色和扫描电镜观察)评价植入后4周骨缺损区的骨再生能力.结果 所有实验兔种植体植入顺利,且种植体植入后均稳固,无明显差异.苏木精-伊红和Goldner's三色染色观察均可见实验组有新生骨组织形成,且部分新生骨组织为编织骨,骨细胞体积大、数量多,呈编织状排列,骨细胞分化成熟;而对照组可见少量新生骨样组织形成,骨细胞分化较成熟.扫描电镜结果显示,实验组新生骨与种植体间的骨结合较对照组多.结论 与单独使用Bio-oss骨粉比较,DPSCs与Bio-oss骨粉联用的成骨能力相对较强,新生骨组织与种植体的结合能力更好.     

骨形态发生蛋白12诱导骨髓间充质干细胞构建组织工程肌腱

背景：以往肌腱损伤的修复方法有端端吻合、自体肌腱移植、同种异体肌腱或人工肌腱移植等,但均有其各自缺点。 目的：探讨以家兔骨髓间充质干细胞为种子细胞,骨形态发生蛋白12诱导,聚羟基乙酸复合材料作为支架材料,预构组织工程化肌腱重建家兔跟腱缺损的可能性。 方法：家兔抽取股骨近端骨髓,分离所得细胞传代至第2代,加入10 μg/L骨形态发生蛋白12诱导分化,并与Ⅰ型胶原溶液按一定比例移植于预张的聚羟基乙酸缝线上预制组织工程化肌腱备用。将家兔制备成跟腱缺损模型,分别采用不同方法修复跟腱缺损：组织工程化肌腱修复,Ⅰ型胶原-聚羟基乙酸缝线修复,丝线行端端修复。修复12周对各组肌腱行形态学、力学及组织病理学观察。 结果与结论：修复12周家兔肌腱组织病理切片：组织工程化肌腱组可见大量梭形纤维母细胞顺应力学方向排列均匀分布于胶原中,纤维细胞明显增多,胶原致密;Ⅰ型胶原-聚羟基乙酸缝线组可见部分纤维组织增生伴少许肉芽组织形成,胶原纤维呈松散网丝状,细胞排列紊乱分布不均;丝线组可见纤维组织旁见大量肉芽组织形成。修复12周家兔肌腱生物力学强度：骨形态发生蛋白12+聚羟基乙酸重建肌腱的力学强度明显优于Ⅰ型胶原-聚羟基乙酸组,与丝线缝合组差异无显著性意义;但骨形态发生蛋白12+聚羟基乙酸重建肌腱的力学强度低于正常肌腱。提示以自体骨髓间充质干细胞作为种子细胞,骨形态发生蛋白12诱导,以聚羟基乙酸为支架,可望构建组织工程化肌腱。构建的组织工程肌腱具有一定的生物力学特性,能用于修复跟腱缺损。     

大鼠脂肪源干细胞中骨形态发生蛋白信号通路相关分子的表达

目的:探讨大鼠脂肪源干细胞(ADSCs)成骨和成脂肪分化能力及骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)信号通路相关分子的表达.方法:切取Wistar雌性大鼠腹股沟脂肪垫,用酶消化法培养ADSCs.将第4代ADSCs经成骨和成脂肪诱导分化培养后,进行相应的茜素红和油红O染色,以鉴定ADSCs的分化潜能.同时取培养的第4代ADSCs进行流...     

Non-viral endostatin plasmid transfection of mesenchymal stem cells via collagen scaffolds

Angiogenesis is critical in the early stage of reparative processes and tissue regeneration, but the persistence of a vascular network may interfere with later transformation/maturation in naturally avascular tissues such as articular cartilage. Our supposition is that the timed delivery of an anti-angiogenic factor in cartilage tissue engineering may facilitate the formation of hyaline cartilage by inducing the regression of vascularization. To this end our overall goal is to prepare an off-the-shelf scaffold containing the gene for a potent anti-angiogenic factor. The objective of this study was to investigate the use of a type I/III collagen scaffold for the non-viral transfection of marrow stromal cells (MSCs, also referred to as mesenchymal stem cells) with the plasmid encoding endostatin. Caprine MSCs were transfected by the naked plasmid alone and plasmid incorporated into a cationic lipid complex in three experiments: 1) cells were transfected in monolayer; 2) monolayer-transfected cells were grown in a collagen sponge-like scaffold; and 3) non-transfected cells were grown in a collagen scaffold containing the naked plasmid and endostatin lipoplex. Independent variables were the passage number of the cells and the plasmid loading. The amount of endostatin released by the cells into the medium was measured using an ELISA. The results demonstrated the overexpression of endostatin by MSCs growing in the endostatin lipoplex-supplemented collagen scaffolds. Endostatin released by the cell-seeded scaffolds reached a peak of 13 ng/ml for scaffolds incorporating as little as 20 μg of plasmid, at the 3-day collection period ending 5 days post-seeding. The accumulated endostatin synthesis over a 2-week period began to achieve what may be a therapeutic level. MSCs transfected with the endostatin gene in monolayer continued to express the gene when grown in the collagen scaffolds. The results demonstrate the promise of the non-viral delivery of the gene for this potent anti-angiogenic protein to MSCs via a collagen scaffold.