共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Francesca Algieri Pedro Zorrilla Alba Rodriguez-Nogales Natividad Garrido-Mesa Óscar Bañuelos M. Reyes González-Tejero Manuel Casares-Porcel Joaquín Molero-Mesa Antonio Zarzuelo M. Pilar Utrilla M. Elena Rodriguez-Cabezas Julio Galvez 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2013
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Different species from genus Phlomis, frequently native from the the eastern Mediterranean zone, have been used in traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory remedy. Among other constituents, they contain polyphenols that show antioxidant properties, which are interesting for the treatment of inflammatory pathologies associated with oxidative stress in humans, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the intestinal anti-inflammatoy effect of hydroalcoholic extracts of Phlomis lychnitis and P. purpurea in the trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNBS) model of rat colitis, a well characterized experimental model with some resemblance to human IBD.Materials and methods
Hydroalcoholic extracts of both plants were characterized by determining their polyphenolic content and then assayed in the TNBS model of rat colitis. For this purpose, female Wistar rats were assigned to seven groups (n=10): healthy control, untreated TNBS-colitis and five TNBS- colitis groups treated with Phlomis lychnitis (10 and 20 mg/kg), P. purpurea (10 and 25 mg/kg) and sulphasalazine (200 mg/kg), as a positive control. Treatments started the same day of TNBS colitis induction, and rats were sacrificed one week later. Colonic inflammation was evaluated both histologically and biochemically.Results
The histological (macroscopic and microscopic) analysis of colonic samples revealed that both extracts showed an anti-inflammatory effect, which was confirmed biochemically by a decreased colonic MPO activity, a maker of neutrophil infiltration, an increased colonic glutathione content, which counteracts the oxidative status associated with the inflammatory process, and a down-regulated iNOS expression. However, only the extract of P. purpurea reduced the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-17, the chemokines CINC-1 and MCP-1, as well as the adhesion molecule ICAM-1, ameliorating the altered immune response associated with the colonic inflammation. Furthermore, both P. lychnitis and P. purpurea extracts were able to significantly increase the expression of markers of epithelial integrity such as MUC-2, MUC-3 and villin, thus revealing an improvement in the altered colonic permeability that characterizes colonic inflammation.Conclusions
Both extracts showed intestinal anti-inflammatory activity in the TNBS model of rat colitis, thus confirming their traditional use in digestive inflammatory complaints. In addition to their antioxidant properties, other mechanisms can contribute to this beneficial effect, like an improvement in the intestine epithelial barrier and a downregulation of the immune response. 相似文献2.
Ana Beatriz Albino de Almeida Marina Sánchez-Hidalgo Antonio Ramón Martín Anderson Luiz-Ferreira José Roberto Trigo Wagner Vilegas Lourdes Campaner dos Santos Alba Regina Monteiro Souza-Brito Catalina Alarcón de la Lastra 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2013
Ethnopharmacological relevance
In Brazilian traditional medicine, Arctium lappa (Asteraceae), has been reported to relieve gastrointestinal symptoms.Aim of the study
In the present study, we investigated the effects of the lactone sesquiterpene onopordopicrin enriched fraction (ONP fraction) from Arctium lappa in an experimental colitis model induced by 2,4,6 trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid and performed experiments to elucidate the underlying action mechanisms involved in that effect.Materials and methods
ONP fraction (25 and 50 mg/kg/day) was orally administered 48, 24 and 1 h prior to the induction of colitis and 24 h after. The inflammatory response was assessed by gross appearance, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels and a histological study of the lesions. We determined cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and -2 protein expressions by western blotting and immunohistochemistry assays.Results
TNBS group was characterized by increased colonic wall thickness, edema, diffuse inflammatory cell infiltration, increased MPO activity and TNF-α levels. On the contrary, ONP fraction (25 and 50 mg/kg) treatment significantly reduced the macroscopic inflammation scores (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively) and morphological alterations associated with an increase in the mucus secretion. Similarly, the degree of neutrophil infiltration and the cytokine levels were significantly ameliorated. Moreover, COX-2 expression was up regulated in TNBS-treated rats. In contrast, ONP fraction (50 mg/kg) administration reduced COX-2 overexpression.Conclusions
We have shown that the ONP fraction obtained from Arctium lappa exert marked protective effects in acute experimental colitis, confirming and justifying, at least in part, the popular use of this plant to treat gastrointestinal diseases. 相似文献3.
Maria Silene da Silva Susana Sánchez-Fidalgo Elena Talero Ana Cárdeno Marcelo Aparecido da Silva Wagner Villegas Alba Regina Monteiro Souza Brito Catalina Alarcón de La Lastra 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2010
Aim of the study
To assess the anti-inflammatory effect of butanolic fraction of methanolic extract from bark of Abarema cochliacarpos in acute ulcerative colitis model induced by intracolonic administration of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) in Wistar rats.Materials and methods
Abarema cochliacarpos (100 and 150 mg/kg/day) was administered by gavage 48, 24 and 1 h prior to the induction of colitis with 10 mg/kg of TNBS and, 24 h later.Results
Phytochemical studies by mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) revealed that catechins were a major component into condensate class of tannins. Treatment with Abarema cochliacarpos decreased significantly macroscopic damage as compared with TNBS (p < 0.05). Histological analysis showed that both doses of the extract improved the microscopic structure and preserved some areas of the colonic mucosa structure. In addition, myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), as a marker of neutrophil infiltration, was decreased in a dose-dependent way (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001 respectively), TNF-α level was also diminished with the highest dose of the extract (p < 0.001) and, IL-10 level obtained no significant results. In order to elucidate some of the mechanisms, expression of inducible inflammatory enzymes, such as cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), were studied showing a significant reduction. Finally, the involvement of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signalling demonstrated a reduction in the JNK activation with the highest dose (p < 0.05 vs TNBS).Conclusions
We have shown for the first time that the extracts obtained from Abarema cochliacarpos bark possess active substances, which exert marked protective effects in acute experimental colitis, confirming and justifying, at least in part, the popular use of this plant to treat gastrointestinal diseases. 相似文献4.
Jung San Chang Kuo Chih Wang Chia Feng Yeh Den En Shieh Lien Chai Chiang 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2013
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Ginger, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, is a common spice and also a widely used medicinal plant in ancient China. Ginger is an ingredient of Ge-Gen-Tang (Kakkon-to; GGT). GGT has been proved to have antiviral activity against human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV). However, it is unknown whether ginger is effective against HRSV.Aim of the study
To find a readily available agent to manage HRSV infection, the authors tested the hypothesis that ginger can effectively decrease HRSV-induced plaque formation in respiratory mucosal cell lines.Materials and methods
Effect of hot water extracts of fresh and dried gingers on HRSV was tested by plaque reduction assay in both human upper (HEp-2) and low (A549) respiratory tract cell lines. Ability of ginger to stimulate anti-viral cytokines was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results
Fresh ginger dose-dependently inhibited HRSV-induced plaque formation in both HEp-2 and A549 cell lines (p<0.0001). In contrast, dried ginger didn't show any dose-dependent inhibition. 300 μg/ml fresh ginger could decrease the plaque counts to 19.7% (A549) and 27.0% (HEp-2) of that of the control group. Fresh ginger was more effective when given before viral inoculation (p<0.0001), particularly on A549 cells. 300 μg/ml fresh ginger could decrease the plaque formation to 12.9% when given before viral inoculation. Fresh ginger dose-dependently inhibited viral attachment (p<0.0001) and internalization (p<0.0001). Fresh ginger of high concentration could stimulate mucosal cells to secrete IFN-β that possibly contributed to counteracting viral infection.Conclusions
Fresh, but not dried, ginger is effective against HRSV-induced plaque formation on airway epithelium by blocking viral attachment and internalization. 相似文献5.
Eun Ju Yang Ji-Sook Lee Chi-Young Yun Joo-Hwan Kim Jin-Sook Kim Dong-Hee Kim In Sik Kim 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2008
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Duchesnea chrysantha (D. chrysantha) is a herb with anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and immune-enhancing properties.Aim of the study
Asthma is an inflammatory disease of the lungs, and the hallmarks of the disease are increased inflammatory cell infiltration into the airways and poor respiratory function. Although there is the possibility that D. chrysantha may have an inhibitory effect on lung inflammation, the effects of D. chrysantha on asthma have not been fully investigated. In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of D. chrysantha extract (Dc extract) on lung inflammation in a murine model of ovalbumin-induced asthma.Materials and methods
Dc extract was obtained from dried and powdered whole plants of D. chrysantha using 80% ethanol. BALB/c mice induced by ovalbumin sensitization and nebulization were used as a mouse model of asthma. RT-PCR and ELISA were performed to measure mRNA and protein expression of cytokines. We examined the effects of Dc extract on leukocyte infiltration and mucus secretion using periodic acid-Schiff staining as well as hematoxylin and eosin staining.Results
Dc extract significantly inhibited leukocytosis and eosinophilia in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid (p < 0.01). Dc extract significantly reduced the elevated infiltration of inflammatory cells (p < 0.05) and inhibited the increased mucus secretion, despite the absence of significant value. Although Dc extract weakly inhibited the mRNA expression of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and eotaxin, it strongly inhibited the protein expression of IL-5 (p < 0.05) and eotaxin (p < 0.01) in BAL fluid. Ovalbumin-specific IgE levels in the serum and BAL fluid were blocked by Dc extract (p < 0.05).Conclusions
These results suggest the possibility that Dc extract can exert suppressive effects on asthma and may provide evidence that Dc extract is a useful agent for the treatment of allergic airway disease. 相似文献6.
Bamidele V. Owoyele Abdulrazaq B. NafiuIdris A. Oyewole Lukuman A. OyewoleAyodele O. Soladoye 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Parquetina nigrescens is a shrub that is commonly used in different parts of West Africa for the treatment of several ailments which includes pain, fever and inflammatory conditions.Aim of the study
The present study was designed to investigate the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects of the aqueous extract of Parquetina nigrescens leaves in rats.Materials and methods
Five groups were used for each study, groups 1 and 5 served as control (saline) and reference (indomethacine) respectively, while groups 2–4 received the extract (50–200 mg/kg) orally. Formalin paw licking and hot plate latency tests were used for analgesic studies. Carrageenan oedema, cotton pellet granuloma and formaldehyde arthritis models were used to quantify the anti-inflammatory activities while the brewer’s yeast was used for inducing pyrexia.Results
The results of the analgesic study show that the extract produced significant (p < 0.05) analgesia in the hot plate and in the formalin tests. In the anti-inflammatory study, Parquetina nigrescens produced significant (p < 0.05) inhibition of the various types of inflammation. The extract also inhibited the pyrexia induced by brewer’s yeast.Conclusion
The result justifies the traditional uses of Parquetina nigrescens for the treatment of fever, inflammatory and painful conditions. 相似文献7.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Several Centaurea species are used to alleviate pain and inflammatory symptoms in rheumatoid arthritis, high fever, and head ache in Turkish folk medicine.Aim of the study
The effectiveness of extracts, fractions and subfractions from dried Centaurea solstitialis L. subsp. solstitialis (CSS) (Asteraceae) roots and aerial parts were studied on mice.Materials and methods
The antinociceptive and antipyretic effects of Centaurea solstitialis L. subsp. solstitialis have been investigated by using p-benzoquinone-induced writhing reflex for antinociceptive activity and Freund's Complete Adjuvant-induced pyrexia model for antipyretic activity assessment in mice.Results
The ethanolic extract from the aerial parts of the plant was shown to possess significant antinociceptive (p < 0.01) and antipyretic activities (p < 0.01). The extract was then submitted to subsequent solvent extractions and chromatographic processes. Through bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation procedures two sesquiterpene lactones, solstitialin A and acetyl solstitialin, were isolated and defined as the active components of CSS. On the other hand, a comparative study was conducted on another species, Centaurea depressa Bieb., which has no similar folkloric utilization. Following the same fractionation chart same compounds were defined as the active ingredients.Conclusion
Results of the present study proved that aerial part of CSS possesses antinociceptive and antipyretic activities supporting the folkloric assertion in Turkish folk medicine. However, these effects seem not limited to CSS, some other Centaurea species, in fact, having no folkloric use might be equally active. 相似文献8.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Traditionally, the plant Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) is used for the treatment of ascites and rheumatism, while the dried seeds of the plant are used as an ‘anti-allergic’ agent.Aim of the study
The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of ethanolic extract of seeds from Moringa oleifera Lam. in experimental immune inflammation.Materials and methods
Circulatory and splenic leukocyte counts, delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions and humoral antibody responses were measured in mice using SRBC as the antigen. In addition, macrophage phagocytosis was measured by the carbon clearance test.Results
The extract dose-dependently (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) inhibited spleen weight as well as circulatory leukocyte and splenocyte counts. The delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction was significantly inhibited (P < 0.01) by decreasing the mean foot pad thickness at 48 h. The production of the humoral antibody titer was significantly ameliorated at a dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). Furthermore, the extract caused a down-regulation of macrophage phagocytosis due to carbon particles.Conclusion
Taken together, the above findings suggest that the seeds of Moringa oleifera have immunosuppressive activity. 相似文献9.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Lecaniodiscus cupanioides is widely used in West African folk medicine for the treatment of inflammatory conditions, fevers and bacterial infections.Aim of the study
To evaluate the potential toxic effects of the ethanolic dried leaf extract of Lecaniodiscus cupanioides (LC) on antioxidant enzymes in selected organs and biochemical parameters.Materials and Methods
Crude ethanolic extract of Lecaniodiscus cupanioides dried leaves was prepared. A 90-day sub-chronic toxicity study was conducted using albino rats. Reconstituted Lecaniodiscus cupanioides was administered at a dosage of 400, 800 and 1600 mg/kg (high dose) with a control group receiving 10 ml/kg orally. Histopathological studies of major organs and blood chemistry analysis were performed on blood obtained via cardiac puncture after euthanization. Selected organs (liver, kidney and brain) were harvested for antioxidant and histopathological assessments.Results
The extract produced significant (p<0.05) increases in the weights of liver, kidney and brain at 800 mg/kg and 1600 mg/kg compared to the control. Biochemical analysis showed significant increase in Alanine transferase (ALT) at 800 mg/kg and 1600 mg/kg. Assay for antioxidant enzymes showed a reversible decrease in the activity of Catalase (CAT), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Glutathione (GSH) with an increase in Malondialdehyde (MDA) at 800 mg/kg and 1600 mg/kg Lecaniodiscus cupanioides. Histopathological study showed reversible congestion in the brain, liver, and kidney at 800 mg/kg and 1600 mg/kg.Conclusion
Findings in this study reveal that the ethanolic dried leaf extract of Lecaniodiscus cupanioides has the potential for inhibiting in vivo antioxidant enzymes activity and causing hepatotoxicity after prolonged exposure. 相似文献10.
Jaw-Chyun Chen Tin-Yun Ho Yuan-Shiun Chang Shih-Lu Wu Chia-Cheng Li Chien-Yun Hsiang 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Glycyrrhiza uralensis has been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, such as diarrhea, in several ancient cultures. Glycyrrhizin is the principal component of liquorice and lots of pharmacological effects have been demonstrated.Aim of the study
Heat-labile enterotoxin (LT), the virulence factor of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, induces diarrhea by initially binding to the GM1 on the surfaces of intestinal epithelial cells and consequently leading to the massive loss of fluid and ions from cells. Therefore, we evaluated the inhibitory effects of traditional medicinal herbs (TMH) on the B subunit of LT (LTB) and GM1 interaction.Materials and methods
The inhibitory effects of TMH on LTB-GM1 interaction were evaluated by GM1-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The likely active phytochemicals of these TMH were then predicted by in silico model (docking) and analyzed by in vitro (GM1-ELISA) and in vivo (patent mouse gut assay) models.Results
We found that various TMH, which have been ethnomedically used for the treatment of diarrhea, inhibited the LTB-GM1 interaction. Docking data showed that triterpenoids were the most active phytochemicals and the oleanane-type triterpenoids presented better LTB-binding abilities than other types of triterpenoids. Moreover, by in vitro and in vivo models, we demonstrated that glycyrrhizin was the most effective oleanane-type triterpenoid that significantly suppressed both the LTB-binding ability (IC50 = 3.26 ± 0.17 mM) and the LT-induced fluid accumulation in mice.Conclusions
We found an LT inhibitor, glycyrrhizin, from TMH by in silico, in vitro, and in vivo analyses. 相似文献11.
C.M. Huisden A.T. Adesogan J.M. Gaskin C.H. Courtney A.M. Raji T. Kang 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2010
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Mucuna pruriens is a tropical legume anecdotally reputed to have anthelmintic properties. This study was conducted to examine the validity of such claims.Aim of the study
The aim of this study was to determine if ingestion of Mucuna seeds reduces helminth parasite infestation in lambs.Materials and methods
Thirty-six Dorper × Katahdin ram lambs were assigned to three treatments, a cottonseed meal based control diet, a diet in which Mucuna replaced cottonseed meal and the control diet with levamisole (7.5 mg/kg body weight) administration. All diets were isonitrogenous and isocaloric. The 12 lambs in each treatment were assigned randomly to 4 pens, each containing 3 lambs. Lambs were trickle infected three times per week by gavage with infectious Haemonchus contortus larvae (2000 larvae/lamb) for 3 weeks.Results
Levamisole treatment decreased fecal egg counts by 87% and abomasal worm counts by 83%. Mucuna intake did not statistically affect fecal egg counts or abomasal worm counts, though numerical (P > 0.10) reductions of 7.4% and 18.1%, respectively were evident. Anemia indicators, feed intake, and lamb growth were unaffected by treatment.Conclusions
Levamisole reduced the Haemonchus parasite burden in lambs significantly but feeding Mucuna reduced the burden by levels unlikely to eliminate the clinical effects of parasitism. 相似文献12.
Giany O. De Melo David do C. Malvar Frederico A. Vanderlinde Fabio F. Rocha Priscila Andrade Pires Elson A. Costa Lécia G. de Matos Carlos R. Kaiser Sônia S. Costa 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009
Aim of the study
To identify the compounds responsible for the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects previously described for Sedum dendroideum, through bioassay-guided fractionation procedures.Materials and methods
Antinociceptive activity was evaluated through mouse acetic acid-induced writhing model. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed through croton oil-induced mouse ear oedema and carrageenan-induced peritonitis.Results
The Sedum dendroideum juice afforded seven known flavonoids identified with basis on NMR data. The oral administration of the major kaempferol glycosides kaempferitrin [1] (17.29 μmol/kg), kaempferol 3-O-β-glucopyranoside-7-O-α-rhamnopyranoside [2] (16.82 μmol/kg), kaempferol 3-O-neohesperidoside-7-O-α-rhamnopyranoside [3] (13.50 μmol/kg) or α-rhamnoisorobin [5] (23.13 μmol/kg) inhibited by 47.3%, 25.7%, 60.2% and 58.0%, respectively, the acetic acid-induced nociception (indomethacin: 27.95 μmol/kg, p.o.; 68.9%). Flavonoids 1, 2, 3 or 5, at the same doses, reduced by 39.5%, 46.5%, 35.6% and 33.3%, respectively, the croton oil-induced oedema (dexamethasone: 5.09 μmol/kg, s.c.; 83.7%) and impaired leukocyte migration by 42.9%, 46.3%, 50.4% and 49.6%, respectively (dexamethasone: 5.09 μmol/kg, s.c.; 66.1%).Conclusions
Our findings show that the major kaempferol glycosides may account for the renowned medicinal use of Sedum dendroideum against pain and inflammatory troubles. 相似文献13.
14.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Scientific validation of ethnopharmacologically used plants and their utilization for therapeutic interventions can be a source of affordable treatment especially for neglected diseases in endemic areas. Conyza sumatrensis is a plant which finds its use in treating malaria like fevers but lacks proper scientific validation. Our study has tried to address this gap by authenticating its traditional use for the treatment of malaria.Aim of the study
Evaluate the antimalarial activity of extracts derived from Conyza sumatrensis for its ethnopharmacological validation.Materials and methods
Shade dried leaves were extracted with varying concentrations of ethanol and concentrated for bio-evaluation. Swiss albino mice infected with 1×106 parasitized red blood cells, were orally administered with test extracts for 7 days in two sets of experiments. The first set was used to evaluate alcoholic, hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts while the second set was used to evaluate the dose response of alcoholic extract ranging from 500–1600 mg/kg. Mean survival time, parasitaemia and haemoglobin levels were considered to interpret the antimalarial potential. Phytochemical analysis for the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids tannins, total phenolics, riboflavin and thiamine was also carried out.Results
Among the three extracts administered at 1000 mg/kg, chemo suppression was significantly (p<0.001) observed in the alcoholic extract (62.59±12.52%) followed by hydroalcoholic (41.81±19.04%, p<0.01) and aqueous (32.04±19.04%, P<0.05) indicating that the active constituents leach out in ethanol. The dose response study involving the ethanol extract concluded the optimum dose to be 1000 mg/kg, as also evidenced by the haemoglobin levels.Conclusion
The plant exhibits moderate antimalarial activity which can be further prospected for active fractions or pure molecules for adjunctive therapy. 相似文献15.
M. Maldini S. Sosa P. Montoro A. Giangaspero M.J. Balick C. Pizza R. Della Loggia 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009
Ethnopharmacological relevance
An investigation of topical anti-inflammatory activity was undertaken on plants used in Central America traditional medicine.Aim of study
Four herbal drugs used in the folk medicine of Central America to treat inflammatory skin affections (Acacia cornigera bark, Byrsonima crassifolia bark, Sphagneticola trilobata leaves and Sweetia panamensis bark) were evaluated for their topical anti-inflammatory activity.Materials and methods
Petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol extracts were obtained for herbal medicines and then extracts were tested on Croton oil-induced ear dermatitis model in mice.Results
Almost all the extracts reduced the Croton oil-induced ear dermatitis in mice and the chloroform ones showed the highest activity, with ID50 (dose giving 50% oedema inhibition) values ranging from 112 μg/cm2 (Byrsonima crassifolia) to 183 μg/cm2 (Sphagneticola trilobata). As reference, ID50 of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin was 93 μg/cm2.Conclusions
Lipophilic extracts from these species can be regarded as potential sources of anti-inflammatory principles. 相似文献16.
Konstantinos J. Dabos Ekaterini Sfika Lisa J. Vlatta Despoina Frantzi Georgios I. Amygdalos Georgios Giannikopoulos 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2010
Background
Herbal remedies are increasingly popular for the treatment of functional dyspepsia. Chios mastic gum is a resinous exudate from the stem of Pistacia lentiscus var. chia. It is a traditional natural remedy used throughout the eastern Mediterranean.The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of Chios mastic gum in patients with functional dyspepsia.Methods
One hundred and forty eight patients fulfilling Rome II criteria for functional dyspepsia were randomly assigned to receive either Chios mastic gum 350 mg three times daily or placebo. After 3 weeks of treatment the change from baseline in the severity of symptoms of functional dyspepsia was assessed using the Hong Kong index of dyspepsia. Patients’ global assessment of efficacy was also evaluated.Results
The symptom score after treatment was significantly lower in the Chios mastic gum than in the placebo group ((14.78 ± 1.78) vs (19.96 ± 1.83)) (p < 0.05). There was a marked improvement of symptoms in 40% of patients receiving placebo and in 77% of patients receiving Chios mastic gum (p < 0.02). Individual symptoms that showed significant improvement with Chios mastic gum were: stomach pain in general, stomach pain when anxious, dull ache in the upper abdomen and heartburn (<0.05 for all four symptoms).Conclusion
Chios mastic gum significantly improves symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia compared to placebo. 相似文献17.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Picrasma quassiodes (D. Don) Benn.(PQB) is used in folk medicines for the treatment of colds, upper respiratory infection, acute tonsillitis, acute gastroenteritis, bacillary dysentery and a variety of acute infectious diseases in Asia. Although recent reports indicate that PQB has antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects, its effects on colitis and its inhibitory mechanisms have not been previously reported.Aim of the study
To assess the effects and the mode of action of the extract of Picrasma quassiodes (D. Don) Benn.(PQB) on a model of colitis in mice induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS).Materials and methods
We induced mice colitis using TNBS/ethanol, then different doses of Picrasma quassiodes (D. Don) Benn.(PQB) extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day) and sulfasalazine (500 mg/kg/day) were administered by gavage for 7 days after the induction of colitis. The mice body weight, colonic wet weight, colonic lengths, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, macroscopic and histological colon injury were observed. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as: tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were assayed by enzyme-linked immunoassay. The protein expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the colons were determined by immunohistochemical analysis.Results
PQB administration effectively prevented mice diarrhea, decreasing of the body weights, shortening of colon length and increasing of colon wet weight. Macroscopic and histological examinations also indicated that it was protected against colonic edema, ulceration and MPO activity elevation. Furthermore, PQB inhibited the abnormal secretions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-8. Additionally, administration of PQB effectively inhibited COX-2 and iNOS protein expression.Conclusions
These results suggest that PQB has an anti-inflammatory effect on TNBS-induced colitis due to the down-regulations of the productions and expressions of inflammatory mediators, and that it may be a potential inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) drug candidate. 相似文献18.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Traditionally the aqueous extracts of dried roots of the plant Ecbolium viride are used for menorrhagia, rheumatism and jaundice.Aim of the study
The aim was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of Ecbolium viride extract in an in vivo model.Materials and methods
The ethyl acetate fraction of Ecbolium viride root extract was prepared and administered orally to rats. The anti-inflammatory activity of Ecbolium viride was determined by carrageenan-induced paw edema and cotton pellet granuloma models.Results
Oral administration of Ecbolium viride extract reduced inflammation significantly (P < 0.01) in both the carageenan paw edema and the cotton pellet granuloma models.Conclusions
The results of the study supported the traditional use of Ecbolium viride in the treatment for inflammatory disease. 相似文献19.
Debajyoti Mukherjee Tarak Nath KhatuaP. Venkatesh B.P. SahaPulok K. Mukherjee 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2010
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. (Nymphaeaceae) is a well-known aquatic plant which has been used for the treatment of several disorders including skin disease, cough, inflammation, fever and many other disorders.Aim of the study
To explore the immunomodulatory activity of extract of rhizome (NNRE) and seed (NNSE) of the plant.Materials and methods
The immunomodulatory activity of NNRE and NNSE was evaluated using various in vivo models including the total and differential leukocyte count (TLC and DLC), nitroblue-tetrazolium reduction (NBT) test, neutrophil adhesion test, phagocytic response and delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction. Sheep red blood cells (SRBC, 5 × 109 cells/ml) were used to immunize the animals. NNRE and NNSE at the doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg were administrated.Result
The TLC and lymphocyte count increased significantly but the neutrophil count was decreased for NNRE and NNSE treated groups compared to the control. A dose-dependent potentiation of DTH reaction induced by SRBC was observed from the extracts. The percentage of neutrophil adhesion to the nylon fiber was increased in NNRE treated groups (63.22 and 62.91%) compared to the NNSE treated group (54.86 and 54.23%). A potential phagocytic response was seen on treatment of the extracts, and significant changes were observed in the formation of formazone crystals.Conclusion
This finding suggests that the extract of rhizome and seed Nelumbo nucifera stimulate defense system by modulating several immunological parameters. 相似文献20.
S.M. Thomazzi C.B. Silva D.C.R. Silveira C.L.C. Vasconcellos A.F. Lira E.V.F. Cambui C.S. Estevam A.R. Antoniolli 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2010