Effects of Catalpa ovata stem bark on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice

Ethnopharmacological relevance

The stem bark of Catalpa ovata has been used as a traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases such as itching and scabies.

Aim of the study

In the present study, we investigated the anti-AD effects of Catalpa ovata stem bark on Dermatophagoides farinae-induced AD in a NC/Nga mouse AD model. We determined dermatitis score, histology, IgE, cytokines, and chemokines related to hypersensitive immune responses in AD. The mechanism of action was also investigated using HaCaT cells.

Materials and methods

We investigated the topical effects of Catalpa ovata stem bark on AD-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. Five category-experiments were performed, including assessment of dermatitis score; histological analysis of dorsal skin lesions; quantitative measurement of serum total IgE; quantitative measurement of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, TNF-α) from dorsal tissue; and RT-PCR analysis of for TSLP and TARC mRNA expression in HaCaT cells.

Results

The clinical dermatitis score was significantly lower in Catalpa ovata extract (COE) groups than in the control group. Histological analysis showed that COE inhibited hypertrophy and hyperkeratosis of the epidermis, intracellular edema, and reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells. COE significantly inhibited serum total IgE; Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13; pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL6 and TNF-α; the Th2 chemokine TARC and the pro-Th2 cytokine TSLP.

Conclusion

These results demonstrate that Catalpa ovata stem bark may be a useful external medicine for treatment of AD. Further investigation is necessary to determine appropriate COE dosage and to evaluate the safety of this medicinal herb.     

The bark of Betula platyphylla var. japonica inhibits the development of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice

The bark of Betula platyphylla Sukat. var. japonica Hara (Asian White Birch, AWB) is one of the herbs used in Eastern countries for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases including atopic dermatitis (AD). The present study was performed to examine if and how the bark of AWB inhibits the development of AD-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice induced by repeated application of picryl chloride (PC). With this aim, we examined the skin symptom severity, itching behavior, serum immunoglobulin (Ig) E level and mRNA expression of cytokines at iliac and cervical lymph nodes in the mice. Oral administration of AWB extracts (25, 100 and 250 mg/kg) to the PC-treated mice inhibited the development of AD-like skin lesions as exemplified by a significant decrease in the total skin severity scores, itching behavior and a decrease in hypertrophy and infiltration of inflammatory cells into dermis. The serum IgE level was also significantly reduced by AWB extract. In the RT-PCR results, the expression of interleukin-4 mRNA was reduced by AWB extract, whereas the expression of interferon-gamma mRNA was not changed. These results suggest that AWB inhibits the development of AD-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice through the suppression of the T-helper 2 cell response.     

Effects of Scutellariae radix and Aloe vera gel extracts on immunoglobulin E and cytokine levels in atopic dermatitis NC/Nga mice

Aim of the study

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Scutellariae radix (SR) and Aloe vera gel (AV), alone or in combination, on levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and inflammatory cytokines in spontaneous atopic dermatitis(AD)-like skin lesions.

Materials and methods

After spontaneous AD-like skin lesion was developed by adaptation to conventional conditions, mice were randomly assigned to control, SR (50 mg/kg, p.o.), AV (0.8 mg/kg, p.o.) and SRAV (50 mg of SR and 0.8 mg of AV/kg, p.o.) groups, and were treated for 6 weeks.

Results

SR and SRAV suppressed IL-5 levels compared with control, but had no effects on IgE levels (P < 0.05). AV increased IgE levels, but decreased both IL-5 and IL-10 compared with control (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

These results suggest that SR and AV modulate immunological responses in AD, mainly through influencing IL-5 or IL-10 levels.     

Inhibitory effects of Cinnamomum cassia extract on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions induced by mite antigen in NC/Nga mice

Aim of the study

: Cinnamomum cassia (C. cassia) has been traditionally used to treat allergic disease as well as dyspepsia, gastritis, and blood circulation disturbances. However, the antiallergic properties of C. cassia have not been fully verified using scientific tools. This study investigated the effectiveness of C. cassia extract (CCE) as an antiallergic agent in atopic dermatitis model and underlying mechanism.

Materials and methods

: The effect of CCE on mite antigen-treated NC/Nga mice was evaluated by examining skin symptom severity, levels of serum IgE, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and histamine, skin histology, and mRNA expression of cytokines in the skin lesions. Moreover, the effect of CCE on TNF-α-and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-induced chemokine production in human keratinocytes was investigated using ELISA.

Results

: CCE treatment of NC/Nga mice reduced the dermatitis score and the levels of serum IgE, histamine, and TNF-α. Histological examination showed inhibition of the thickening of the epidermis/dermis and reduced dermal infiltration of inflammatory cells. In skin lesions, mRNA expression of IL-4, TNF-α, and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) was inhibited by CCE treatment. The production of TARC, macrophage-derived chemokine, and RANTES from IFN-γ-and TNF-α-stimulated human keratinocytes was suppressed by CCE treatment in a dose-dependent manner.

Conclusions

: CCE inhibits the development of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice by suppressing the T-helper 2 cell response.     

Inhibitory effects of Chelidonium majus extract on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice

Aim of the study

Chelidonium majus (CM) has traditionally been used for treatment of various inflammatory diseases including atopic dermatitis (AD). However its action on atopic dermatitis (AD) is unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effect of CM on AD using NC/Nga mice as an AD model.

Materials and methods

The effect of CM on 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB) induced NC/Nga mice was evaluated by examining skin symptom severity, itching behavior, ear thickness, levels of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interlukin-4 (IL-4), skin histology.

Results

The CM significantly reduced the total clinical severity score, itching behavior, ear thickness and the level of serum IgE in AD mouse model. CM not only decreased TNF-α but also IL-4.

Conclusion

These results suggest that CM may be a potential therapeutic modality for AD.     

The inhibitory effect of Duchesnea chrysantha extract on the development of atopic dermatitis-like lesions by regulating IgE and cytokine production in Nc/Nga mice

Duchesnea chrysantha belongs to the Rosaceae family and has been used traditionally for the treatment of various diseases in Korea and other parts of East Asia. This study examined the antiinflammatory effect of Duchesnea chrysantha extract (DcE) on atopic dermatitis in vitro and in vivo. DcE inhibited the production of IL‐6, IL‐8 and MCP‐1 in THP‐1 cells and the release of IL‐6 and MCP‐1 in EoL‐1 cells after treatment with house dust mite extract. In the in vivo experiment, Nc/Nga mice were sensitized to DNCB and then orally and dorsally administered DcE (50 mg/kg in PBS) for 3 weeks. The DcE administration significantly reduced the skin severity score when compared with the control group and inhibited the thickening of the epidermis and infiltration of inflammatory cells into the dermis. In addition, the serum IgE levels decreased markedly in the DcE‐treated mice when compared with the control group. The synthesis of IL‐5, IL‐13, MCP‐1 and eotaxin was also decreased in splenocytes of the DcE‐treated group, while IFN‐γ was increased in the Dc‐administered group. These results may indicate that DcE attenuates the development of atopic dermatitis‐like lesions by lowering the IgE and inflammatory cytokine levels, and that it is useful in drug development for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Quantitative evaluation of therapeutic effect of Liriope platyphylla on phthalic anhydride-induced atopic dermatitis in IL-4/Luc/CNS-1 Tg mice

Ethnopharmacological relevance

A variety of previous pharmacological studies have suggested that Liriope platyphylla may exert beneficial biological effects on inflammation, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorder, obesity, and atopic dermatitis (AD).

Aim of the study

The therapeutic effect of aqueous extract of Liriope platyphylla (AEtLP) on AD was quantified using the luciferase report system in IL-4/Luc/CNS-1 transgenic (Tg) mice.

Materials and methods

Alteration of the luciferase signal was quantified in IL-4/Luc/CNS-1 Tg mice co-treated with phthalic anhydride (PA) and AEtLP for 2 weeks using the IVIS imaging system. Phenotypes of AD were assessed by ear thickness analysis, measurement of immune-related organ weights, ELISA, and histological and pathological analysis in Tg mice.

Results

A strong luciferase signal was detected in the abdominal region of IL-4/Luc/CNS-1 Tg mice treated with only PA. However, this signal was significantly reduced in IL-4/Luc/CNS-1 Tg mice co-treated with PA+AEtLP in an AEtLP concentration-dependent manner. Especially, three organs, the thymus, pancreas, and submandibular lymph node (SL), showed a high signal response to PA treatment. Furthermore, to verify whether or not alteration of the luciferase signal is associated with AD, these disease response phenotypes were measured in the same group of mice. Common allergenic responses including increases in ear thickness, lymph node weight, IgE concentration, and infiltrated mast cells were detected in IL-4/Luc/CNS-1 Tg mice treated with PA. However, these responses were dramatically decreased by AEtLP treatment for 2 weeks.

Conclusion

These results indicate that the luciferase signal may successfully reflect the therapeutic effects of AEtLP in IL-4/Luc/CNS-1 Tg mice. Further, we suggest additional evidence that Liriope platyphylla may be considered as an effective therapeutic drug for the treatment of AD.     

Effect of Alnus japonica extract on a model of atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice

Aim of the study

The bark of Alnus species has long been used in traditional oriental medicine in the treatment of many pathological conditions, including fever, hemorrhage, diarrhea, alcoholism, various skin diseases (e.g. chronic herpes, eczema and prurigo), and inflammation. In order to assess the immunomodulatory efficacy of a novel herbal medicine in treating atopic dermatitis, we measured serum levels of several allergic and inflammatory biomarkers in NC/Nga mice before and after treatment with this experimental agent.

Materials and methods

Gene and protein expression analyses of iNOS and COX-2 were quantified by real time PCR and Western blot analysis and serum levels of IL-4, -5 and -13 were also measured by ELISA, all of which were reduced after treatment with the experimental agent. Additionally, serum concentrations of IgE and blood eosinophil counts were reduced in treated mice.

Results

The topical application of leaf and bark extract from Alnus japonica suppressed the development of AD-like skin lesions. The percent of blood eosinophils was decreased after treatment with leaf and bark extract from Alnus japonica. The serum IgE and Th2-related cytokine levels were decreased after treatment with leaf and bark extract from Alnus japonica compared with those treated with base cream (vehicle treated AD group). The IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 were lower than those of vehicle treated AD group.

Conclusions

We contend that leaf and bark extract from Alnus japonica may prove useful in the treatment of atopic dermatitis and other allergic skin diseases, although more in-depth clinical studies are necessary before clinical implementation.     

Therapeutic effects of extracts from Radix Toddaliae Asiaticae on collagen-induced arthritis in Balb/c mice

Aim of the study

Radix Toddaliae Asiaticae (RTA), also named “Sanbaibang”, is the dry root bark of Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam. and has long been used as a traditional ethnic Chinese medicine for its considerable activity to alleviate pain and inflammation for patients suffering from rheumatism. It contains coumarin, alkaloids, triterpenes and volatile oils. Information regarding the anti-arthritis activity of RTA in vivo or in vitro is limited yet. In the present study, the aim is to investigate the therapeutic potential and underlying mechanisms of the ethyl alcohol extract (EtOH) and ethyl acetate fraction (EtOAc) from RTA on collagen II-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice.

Materials and methods

CIA animal model was performed by subcutaneous injection of type II bovine collagen (CII) on the 1st day and the 14th day of the experiment. Ethyl alcohol extract (542.8, 271.4, 135.7 mg/kg), ethyl acetate fraction (260.8, 130.4, 65.2 mg/kg) was orally administrated from the second antigen immunization for 3 weeks. Progression of edema of paws and knee joints was measured using a vernier caliper every 3 days from the 10th day after the first injection to the end of the experiment. The spleen index was measured and the knee joint changes were observed by pathological sections. ELISA was used to measure cytokines including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in mice serum according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Results

Administration of ethyl alcohol extract and ethyl acetate fraction remarkably reduced paws and joints swelling and decreased the spleen indexes. Histopathological examination demonstrated that RTA effectively protected bone and cartilage of knee joint from erosion, lesion and deformation versus those from the control group. Besides, the concentration of cytokines like TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 were significantly lower than the ones from the control group respectively, while cytokine like IL-10 was remarkably higher compare with the control group.

Conclusion

In this present study, it is demonstrated that administration of RTA has potential and therapeutic effect on CIA. The data suggests that RTA could have a contributory ethno-pharmacological role in improved management of RA patients.     

Inhibitory effects of Drynaria fortunei extract on house dust mite antigen-induced atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Drynaria fortunei (Kunze) J. Sm has been widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammation, hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, rheumatism, and bone healing. We investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of a 70% ethanol extract of Drynaria fortunei (DFE).

Materials and methods

We evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of topically applied DFE on house dust mite Dermatophargoides farinae-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice.

Results

Treatment of NC/Nga mice with DFE reduced the dermatitis score, ear thickness, and serum levels of IgE, IgG1, and IL-6. Histopathological analyses of ear and skin lesions showed inhibition of the thickening of the epidermis and reduced epidermal/dermal infiltration of inflammatory cells. In ear lesions, mRNA expression levels of IL-4, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α were reduced by DFE treatment.

Conclusions

DFE inhibited the development of dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. These results suggest that DFE may be a therapeutic candidate for the treatment of AD.     

Effects of red ginseng extract on UVB irradiation-induced skin aging in hairless mice

Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, Korean herb medicine, has been widely used in China and Japan for fatigue and enhancement of resistance to many diseases.     

射干提取物体内体外抑菌作用的研究

目的:研究射干提取物的体内外抑菌作用。方法:通过测定抑菌圈直径考察射干提取物对不同菌株的敏感性;采用2倍稀释法检测射干提取物的最小抑菌浓度(MIC);通过ip金黄色葡萄球菌观察射干提取物低、中、高(0.46,0.92.1.84g.kg-1)3个剂量ig给药7 d对小鼠的致死保护率。结果:肺炎链球菌、铜绿假单胞菌对射干提取物有较强的敏感性,金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、无乳链球菌、化脓链球菌、痢疾志贺菌对射干提取物中度敏感;射干提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、无乳链球菌、化脓链球菌、痢疾志贺菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC/g.mL-1)分别为0.062 5,0.015 6,0.250 0,0.031 2,0.015 6,0.015 6,0.062 5;射干提取物低、中、高3个剂量组均显著降低金黄色葡萄球菌酵母悬液引起的小鼠死亡率,死亡率分别为45%,35%,30%,与模型对照组死亡率100%比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:射干提取物体内体外对所试菌株均有抑菌作用。     

Involvement of glutamate and cytokine pathways on antinociceptive effect of Pfaffia glomerata in mice

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng) Pedersen (Amaranthaceae) is a medicinal plant known in Brazil as “Paratudo” and “Brazilian ginseng” and is commonly used as tonic, antidiabetic and to treat gastric disorders.

Aim of the study

This study evaluates the possible mechanism by which hydroalcoholic extract (HE) of Pfaffia glomerata exerts its antinociceptive effect.

Materials and methods

The HE was evaluated in acetic acid and glutamate models of pain or by biting behavior following intrathecal (i.t.) administration of agonists of excitatory aminoacids (EAA) receptors glutamate and pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and TNF-α in mice.

Results

Oral administration of HE produced dose-dependent inhibition of acetic acid-induced visceral pain and glutamate-induced pain, with ID₅₀ of 64.6 (47.7–87.5) mg/kg and ID₅₀ of 370.8 (253.4–542.7) mg/kg, respectively. The HE (300 mg/kg, p.o.) antinociception, in the acetic acid test, was not affected by i.p. treatment of animals with naloxone. In addition, HE (300 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibited the pain-related behaviors induced by i.t. injection of trans-ACPD and TNF-α, but not by NMDA, AMPA, kainate or IL-1β.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that inhibition of glutamatergic metabotropic receptors and TNF-α may account for the antinociceptive action reported for the HE in models of chemical pain used in this study.     

The fruits of Cudrania tricuspidata suppress development of atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice

The fruits of Cudrania tricuspidata are a medicinal herb in Korea, known for its antiatherosclerotic and antiinflammatory effects. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by the influx of lymphocytes into the dermis. Using an animal model of AD, we assessed whether C. tricuspidata suppresses the development of AD-like skin lesions. Cudrania tricuspidata was administered orally to NC/Nga mice with Dermatophagoides-farinae-induced AD-like lesions for 49 days. The effects of C. tricuspidata were assessed by measuring clinical symptoms, swelling of the skin on the back and ears, and plasma concentrations of mTARC (mouse thymus and activation regulated chemokine), histamine and immunoglobulin E (IgE). We found that C. tricuspidata (60 mg/kg/day) inhibited the development of AD-like skin lesions, reduced skin dermatitis scores and inhibited the histological changes induced by repeated application of D. farinae. In addition, C. tricuspidata inhibited the increases in plasma concentrations of mTARC, histamine and IgE induced by D. farinae. These findings indicate that C. tricuspidata inhibits the development of AD-like skin lesions induced by repeated applications of D. farinae in sensitized NC/Nga by suppressing plasma concentrations of mTARC, histamine and IgE.     

Substantiation of the ethnopharmacological use of Conyza sumatrensis (Retz.) E.H.Walker in the treatment of malaria through in-vivo evaluation in Plasmodium berghei infected mice

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Scientific validation of ethnopharmacologically used plants and their utilization for therapeutic interventions can be a source of affordable treatment especially for neglected diseases in endemic areas. Conyza sumatrensis is a plant which finds its use in treating malaria like fevers but lacks proper scientific validation. Our study has tried to address this gap by authenticating its traditional use for the treatment of malaria.

Aim of the study

Evaluate the antimalarial activity of extracts derived from Conyza sumatrensis for its ethnopharmacological validation.

Materials and methods

Shade dried leaves were extracted with varying concentrations of ethanol and concentrated for bio-evaluation. Swiss albino mice infected with 1×10⁶ parasitized red blood cells, were orally administered with test extracts for 7 days in two sets of experiments. The first set was used to evaluate alcoholic, hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts while the second set was used to evaluate the dose response of alcoholic extract ranging from 500–1600 mg/kg. Mean survival time, parasitaemia and haemoglobin levels were considered to interpret the antimalarial potential. Phytochemical analysis for the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids tannins, total phenolics, riboflavin and thiamine was also carried out.

Results

Among the three extracts administered at 1000 mg/kg, chemo suppression was significantly (p<0.001) observed in the alcoholic extract (62.59±12.52%) followed by hydroalcoholic (41.81±19.04%, p<0.01) and aqueous (32.04±19.04%, P<0.05) indicating that the active constituents leach out in ethanol. The dose response study involving the ethanol extract concluded the optimum dose to be 1000 mg/kg, as also evidenced by the haemoglobin levels.

Conclusion

The plant exhibits moderate antimalarial activity which can be further prospected for active fractions or pure molecules for adjunctive therapy.     

雷公藤多苷对糖尿病肾病模型肾小球损伤的影响

目的:观察雷公藤多苷(multi-glycoside of Tripterygium wilfordii,GTW)对糖尿病肾病模型肾小球损伤的改善效果.方法:运用链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)建立糖尿病肾病模型,以GTW干预,并设立正常、安慰剂以及贝那普利对照组.比较体重、尿微量白蛋白(urine albumin,UAlb)、血糖(blood glucose,BG)、血清肌酐(serum creatinine,Scr)、血清尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)以及肾小球形态(细胞总数、细胞外基质)的变化,并检测肾小球中α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-smooth muscle actin,α-SMA),Ⅰ型胶原的表达水平.结果:GTW和贝那普利都可以减少模型鼠UAlb;对于模型鼠肾小球硬化性损伤,如系膜细胞增生,α-SMA和Ⅰ型胶原异常表达等,GTW的作用强于贝那普利,肾小球总细胞数GTW组(54.44±2.41),贝那普利组(67.83±4.41),P＜0.05;α-平滑肌肌动蛋白积分GTW组(1.98±0.52),贝那普利组(2.27±0.46),P＜0.05;Ⅰ型胶原积分GTW组(2.11±0.37),贝那普利组(2.88±0.58),P＜0.05.结论:GTW改善DN肾小球损伤的效果包括减少蛋白尿和改善肾小球硬化.     

Effects of Schisandra chinensis Baillon (Schizandraceae) on lipopolysaccharide induced lung inflammation in mice

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Schisandra chinensis Baillon (Sc), an anti-inflammatory herb that has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years, is frequently used to treat upper respiratory tract infections.

Aim of the study

This study was conducted to evaluate the ability of a water extract of Sc to prevent airway inflammation both in vitro and in vivo.

Materials and methods

Human lung alveolar epithelial-derived A549 cells were stimulated with to interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interferon-γ (IL-1β, TNF-α, and INF-γ; cytokine mixture; CM) and treated with Sc extracts. They were then evaluated using nitric oxide (NO), IL-8 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) secretions. In the in vivo study, BALB/c mice were challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce acute airway inflammation. After this challenge, the mice were treated with Sc extracts (10, 50 and 100 mg/kg) by oral administration, and inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were counted. IL-6 and TNF-α secretions were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Lung tissues of the LPS treated mice were prepared and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) for histological examination.

Results

In the A549 cells, Sc extracts dose-dependently and significantly inhibited CM-induced NO production and reduced IL-8 and MCP-1 secretions. Sc extracts efficiently suppressed neutrophil and macrophage infiltrations of lung tissues and increased IL-6 and TNF-α levels in BAL fluid in LPS-instilled BALB/c mice. In addition, Sc extracts treatment inhibited pathologic progress in the lung tissues, as confirmed by H&E staining. These findings indicate that Sc extracts could be potentially useful for the treatment of acute lung inflammation and acute lung injury.     

北柴胡糖基转移酶基因BcUGT3,BcUGT6的表达分析及其原核表达

该研究测定了北柴胡中2个糖基转移酶基因BcUGT3和BcUGT6在不同组织中的转录水平及MeJA处理后不定根中的转录水平。BcUGT3在根、叶、花和果中的转录水平无明显差异,但均高于茎中的转录水平。BcUGT6在叶中转录水平最高,在花中最低。以未处理的为对照,BcUGT6在MeJA处理后2 h,8 h,24 h,2 d,4 d的北柴胡不定根中,转录水平均提高近2倍,表明BcUGT6的转录受MeJA影响较小。BcUGT3转录水平随处理时间的延长不断增加,4 d时,达7倍左右。利用载体pET-28a（+）,进行了2个基因的原核表达。IPTG诱导后,宿主菌表达出了目的蛋白,并获得了纯化蛋白。为后续开展这2个基因的功能研究奠定了基础。