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1.
Ana Carolina Pagliarone Fabiane Missima Cludio Lera Orsatti Tatiana Fernanda Bachiega Jos Maurício Sforcin 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009,125(2):230-233
Aim of the study
Propolis has gained special attention due to its biological properties, however, little is known about its immunomodulatory effects in stress conditions. The purpose of this study was to investigate propolis effect on Th1/Th2 cytokines production by spleen cells of acutely stressed mice. Serum corticosterone concentration was determined as a stress indicator.Materials and methods
Male BALB/c mice were submitted to restraint stress and treated with propolis (200 mg/kg) for 3 days. Supernatants of splenocytes cultures were assessed for Th1/Th2 cytokines determination.Results
Regarding Th1 cytokines production, no alterations were seen in IL-2 production; however, IFN-γ production was inhibited in stressed mice, even when treated with propolis. As to Th2 cytokines, IL-4 was inhibited in stressed mice, but normal levels were seen when these animals were treated with propolis. No significant differences were found in IL-10 production between the experimental groups. Stressed groups (treated or not with propolis) showed higher corticosterone concentrations in comparison to control group.Conclusions
Data suggest that propolis treatment was not able to counteract the stress-induced immunosuppressive effect on IFN-γ production; however, propolis showed an immunorestorative role, increasing IL-4 production in stressed mice, favoring humoral immune response during stress. Since the exact mechanisms of this natural product on immune system are still unclear, further studies are still required for a better comprehension of propolis use as a therapeutic alternative against the stress-induced negative effects that could lead to the development of various diseases. 相似文献2.
Manish Gautam Santanu Saha Sarang Bani A. Kaul Sanjay Mishra Dada Patil N.K. Satti K.A. Suri Sunil Gairola K. Suresh Suresh Jadhav G.N. Qazi Bhushan Patwardhan 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Roots of Asparagus racemosus Willd (Shatavari in vernacular) are widely used in Ayurveda as Rasayana for immunostimulation, galactogogue as also in treatment of conditions like ulcers and cancer. Various studies have indicated immunomodulatory properties of Shatavari root extracts and formulations.Aim of the study
To study the effect of standardized Asparagus racemosus root aqueous extract (ARE) on systemic Th1/Th2 immunity of SRBC sensitized animals.Materials and methods
We used HPTLC to quantify steroidal saponins (Shatavarin IV, Immunoside®) and flow cytometry to study effects of ARE on Th1/Th2 immunity. SRBC specific antibody titres and DTH responses were also monitored as markers of Th2 and Th1 responses, respectively. We also studied lymphocyte proliferation. Cyclosporin, cyclophosphamide and levamisole were used as controls.Results
Treatment with ARE (100 mg/(kg b.w. p.o.)) resulted in significant increase of CD3+ and CD4/CD8+ percentages suggesting its effect on T cell activation. ARE treated animals showed significant up-regulation of Th1 (IL-2, IFN-g) and Th2 (IL-4) cytokines suggesting its mixed Th1/Th2 adjuvant activity. Consistent to this, ARE also showed higher antibody titres and DTH responses. ARE, in combination with LPS, Con A or SRBC, produced a significant proliferation suggesting effect on activated lymphocytes.Conclusion
The study suggests mixed Th1/Th2 activity of ARE supports its immunoadjuvant potential. 相似文献3.
Jun-Yan Tao Guo-Hua Zheng Lei Zhao Jian-Guo Wu Xiao-Yu Zhang Shu-Ling Zhang Zhi-Jun Huang Fu-Liang Xiong Chong-Ming Li 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009
Aim of the study
This paper aimed to elucidate the anti-inflammatory effects of EtOAc fraction prepared from Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb ethanol extract with a cellular model of LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell.Materials and methods
Some key pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators including IL-1β, IL-6, NO, iNOS, COX-2 and TNF-α, two important anti-inflammatory cytokines and mediators IL-10 and HO-1, I-κB and NF-κB were studied by sandwich ELISA, real-time PCR, western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry. At last a HPLC fingerprint was taken to evaluate the fraction.Results
The EtOAc fraction could significantly inhibit the production of IL-1β, IL-6, NO, TNF-α, COX-2 in LPS-stimulated cell than that of single LPS-stimulated cell (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05), and the extract could increase the production of IL-10 and HO-1 than that of single LPS intervention cell (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the extract also could inhibit the production of NF-κB compared to single LPS-stimulated cell. All the results showed that the extract had a good anti-inflammatory effect on LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cell.Conclusions
Taken together, the anti-inflammatory actions of M. suaveolens Ledeb EtOAc fraction might be due to the down-regulation of IL-1β, IL-6, NO, TNF-α and COX-2 via the suppression of NF-κB activation, and another pathway was up regulating the production of IL-10 and HO-1. Meanwhile, the EtOAc fraction might be further studied to isolate the active anti-inflammatory ingredients besides coumarin. 相似文献4.
Noriko Otsuki Nam H. Dang Emi Kumagai Akira Kondo Satoshi Iwata Chikao Morimoto 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2010
Aim of the study
Various parts of Carica papaya Linn. (CP) have been traditionally used as ethnomedicine for a number of disorders, including cancer. There have been anecdotes of patients with advanced cancers achieving remission following consumption of tea extract made from CP leaves. However, the precise cellular mechanism of action of CP tea extracts remains unclear. The aim of the present study is to examine the effect of aqueous-extracted CP leaf fraction on the growth of various tumor cell lines and on the anti-tumor effect of human lymphocytes. In addition, we attempted to identify the functional molecular weight fraction in the CP leaf extract.Materials and methods
The effect of CP extract on the proliferative responses of tumor cell lines and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and cytotoxic activities of PBMC were assessed by [3H]-thymidine incorporation. Flow cytometric analysis and measurement of caspase-3/7 activities were performed to confirm the induction of apoptosis on tumor cells. Cytokine productions by PBMC were measured by ELISA. Gene profiling of the effect of CP extract treatment was performed by microarray analysis and real-time RT-PCR.Results
We observed significant growth inhibitory activity of the CP extract on tumor cell lines. In PBMC, the production of IL-2 and IL-4 was reduced following the addition of CP extract, whereas that of IL-12p40, IL-12p70, IFN-γ and TNF-α was enhanced without growth inhibition. In addition, cytotoxicity of activated PBMC against K562 was enhanced by the addition of CP extract. Moreover, microarray analyses showed that the expression of 23 immunomodulatory genes, classified by gene ontology analysis, was enhanced by the addition of CP extract. In this regard, CCL2, CCL7, CCL8 and SERPINB2 were representative of these upregulated genes, and thus may serve as index markers of the immunomodulatory effects of CP extract. Finally, we identified the active components of CP extract, which inhibits tumor cell growth and stimulates anti-tumor effects, to be the fraction with M.W. less than 1000.Conclusion
Since Carica papaya leaf extract can mediate a Th1 type shift in human immune system, our results suggest that the CP leaf extract may potentially provide the means for the treatment and prevention of selected human diseases such as cancer, various allergic disorders, and may also serve as immunoadjuvant for vaccine therapy. 相似文献5.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus, IO) has been used as a folk remedy for cancer, digestive system diseases, and other illnesses in Russia and Eastern Europe.Aim of the study
In the present study, we investigated the immunomodulating effects of IO through in vivo and ex vivo studies.Materials and methods
Serum immunoglobulins (IgE, IgG1, and IgG2a) and cytokines (interleukin (IL)-4, interferon (IFN)-γ, and IL-2) were measured in concanavalin A (ConA)-stimulated splenocytes and CD4+ T cells. The nitric oxide (NO) secretion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated peritoneal macrophages was also measured after oral administration of 50, 100, or 200 mg kg−1 d−1 IO hot water extract (IOE) to ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized BALB/c mice.Results
We found that the OVA-induced increase in serum IgE and IgG2a was significantly suppressed when IOE was orally administered after the second immunization with OVA. ConA stimulation in spleen cells isolated from OVA-sensitized mice treated with 100 mg kg−1 IOE resulted in a 25.2% decrease in IL-4 production and a 102.4% increase in IFN-γ, compared to the controls. Moreover, IL-4, IFN-γ, and IL-2 were significantly reduced after ConA stimulation in isolated CD4+T cells. We also determined that IOE inhibits the secretion of NO from LPS-stimulated peritoneal macrophages ex vivo.Conclusions
We suggest that IO modulates immune responses through secretion of Th1/Th2 cytokines in immune cells and regulates antigen-specific antibody production. 相似文献6.
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Aim of the study
Labisia pumila has rejuvenating properties that help women to regain the strength and vigour after giving birth (Burkill, 1935) leading us to speculate that Labisia pumila might also modulate the immune matrix as it is one of the important aspect of healthy state of the living body.Materials and methods
Studies were carried out for the evaluation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in murine neutrophils followed by expression of T cell-surface markers and corresponding intracellular expression of cytokines related to T helper1 (Th1) and T helper 2 (Th2) activity.Results
The ethyl acetate fraction (A001/3b) obtained from ethanolic extract of leaves of Labisia pumila at graded doses (in vitro) showed increased expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-12. IL-12 is a strong inducer of Th1 response in activated CD4+ T cells and accordingly T cell studies were carried out (in vivo). These specific studies showed A001/3b to cause marked stimulation of CD4+ T helper cells and related cytokine expression like IL-2 and IFN-gamma (a potent Th1 inducer), thereby, having a predominant Th1 upregulation pathway. This was further validated by suppression of IL-4 and IL-10 expression which are the Th2 pathway cytokines.Conclusion
This study showed ethyl acetate fraction (A001/3b) of Labisia pumila to have Th1 upregulating activity and suggests its possible usefulness as a therapeutic agent in immune compromised patients. 相似文献9.
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Ethnopharmacological relevance
Rhizoma Polygonati is originated from the dried rhizomes of Polygonatum sibircum Red. It has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of inflammatory disorders.Aim of the study
The present study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous extract of Rhizoma Polygonati (ERP) in a mouse model of inflammation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-acetate (TPA).Materials and methods
The anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated by measuring the ear thickness and activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO). The anti-inflammatory mechanism was explored by determining the protein and mRNA levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6.Results
The results showed that ERP significantly decreased the ear thickness and MPO activity in mouse model of inflammation induced by TPA. In addition, ERP also remarkably inhibited the protein and mRNA levels of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6.Conclusions
These results indicate that ERP has potential anti-inflammatory effect on TPA-induced inflammatory in mice, and the anti-inflammatory effect may be mediated, at least in part, by inhibiting the mRNA expression of a panel of inflammatory mediators including iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. 相似文献11.
Aim of the study
Soybeans are known to stimulate food allergies; however, current therapies are lacking in alleviating hypersensitivity. The present study investigated whether Forsythia suspensa extract could attenuate purified soybean β-conglycinin-induced anaphylactic reactions in weaned piglets.Materials and methods
Eighteen 14-day-old piglets were sensitized and boosted by oral administration of purified β-conglycinin. Forsythia suspensa extract was supplemented in the diet after the initial sensitization and continued for the remainder of the experiment. Piglets were challenged on day 28, and anaphylactic symptoms, passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, plasma histamine and intestinal microbial flora were analyzed. T-cell proliferative responses and cytokine production were also determined.Results
Forsythia suspensa extract alleviated β-conglycinin-induced anaphylactic symptoms by markedly reducing anaphylactic antibodies, mast cell degranulation, and histamine release while improving intestinal microbial flora. Furthermore, Forsythia suspensa extract significantly suppressed β-conglycinin-induced T lymphocyte proliferation and IL-4 synthesis.Conclusion
Forsythia suspensa extract protected β-conglycinin-sensitized piglets from anaphylactic reactions. Forsythia suspensa extract may provide a novel effective therapy for soybean allergy. 相似文献12.
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Yong Yuan Bo Yang Zuowu Ye Meiling Zhang Xiuli Yang Chuanwei Xin Mengmeng Lin Ping Huang 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2013
Aim of the study
Sceptridium ternatum Lyon (ST), a common Chinese herb, has been used in treatment of allergic asthma and whooping cough. In the present study, we investigated the Th1/Th2 ratio of peripheral blood and mRNA levels of leukotriene receptors after the treatment of ST in allergic asthma mouse model.Materials and methods
Mouse asthma model was developed by ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization followed by the inhalation of aerosol allergen. Montelukast (10 mg/kg), as a positive control drug, and ST were administrated six days before the OVA sensitization for ten days. Airway responsiveness was evaluated by the Medlab 12.0 biological signal processing system. The ratio of Th1/Th2 cells was determined by flow cytometry. The expression level of Cyslt1 was measured by PCR. Pathological changes of lung tissues were examined by H&E staining.Results
ST significantly reduced the airway responsiveness, elevated the ratio of Th1/Th2, and decreased Cyslt1 mRNA level in a dose-dependent manner. High-dose ST distinctly prevented the pathological changes of lung tissues.Conclusion
High-dose ST had the same efficacy as Montelukast in a mouse asthma model, and ST could be a potential anti-asthmatic agent. 相似文献14.
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Liu DY Guan YM Zhao HM Yan DM Tong WT Wan PT Zhu WF Liu HN Liang XL 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2012,143(2):435-440
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Si Shen Wan is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine formula for the treatment of diseases with diarrhea, such as ulcerative colitis, allergic colitis and chronic colitis. To investigate the protective and healing effects of Si Shen Wan in the experimental colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid, and to furture explore its mechanism of action.Materials and methods
Rats with colitis treated with Si Shen Wan for 10 days. Colon wet weight, colon organ coefficient, colonic damage score and pathological change after trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid challenge were determined. The levels of MPO, MDA, GSH-PX, SOD and the expression of IL-4 and IL-10 mRNA in the colon were also measured.Results
After treatment, colon wet weight, colon organ coefficient and colonic damage score were lower than that in the control group (p<0.05). MDA and MPO concentrations in the inflamed colonic tissues were decreased remarkably in the treated groups compared with that in the control group (p<0.05). But SOD level, IL-4 and IL-10 mRNA expression in the inflamed colonic tissues were obviously increased.Conclusions
It is a potential path that protective effect of Si Shen Wan on impaired colonic mucosa rats with experimental colitis was accomplished by down-regulating the level of MDA and MPO, and up-regulating the level of SOD and the IL-4 and IL-10 mRNA expression in the colon mucosa. 相似文献16.
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Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng) ameliorates type 1 diabetes and restores immune cell compartments
Young Joo Hong Nayoung Kim Karim Lee Chung Hee Sonn Jung Eun Lee Sung Tae Kim In Ho Baeg Kyung-Mi Lee 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2012
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Historical records reveal that in traditional medicine, a disease similar to diabetes was treated with ginseng. Korean red ginseng has been considered beneficial as a dietary supplement for its anti-diabetic potential.Aim
This study was designed to investigate the prophylactic potential of Korean red ginseng (KRG) extract (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer Radix Rubra) in a well-established mouse model of Type 1 diabetes (T1D).Materials and methods
The prophylactic effect of KRG extract was evaluated in mice fed with KRG extract for two weeks prior to induction of diabetes by streptozotocin (STZ) administration. Glucose levels and glucose challenge test results of KRG-treated diabetic mice were compared to those of untreated diabetic mice and healthy control mice. Examination of the immune compartments in lymphoid organs and immunohistochemical staining of pancreas for islet cell morphology and insulin producing beta cells were performed.Results
KRG extract significantly lowered blood glucose levels to an average of 250 mg/dl from 350 mg/dl and improved glucose challenge testing when applied as prophylaxis. Histological findings indicated that KRG extract protected against STZ-induced destruction of pancreatic tissue and restored insulin secretion. Strikingly, this effect was accompanied by restoration of lymphocytes in secondary lymphoid organs, suggesting that KRG extract facilitated immune homeostasis.Conclusion
This is the first report to demonstrate the prophylactic function of KRG extract in ameliorating the hyperglycemia of T1D. Immune compartments of diabetic mice were found to be preserved in KRG-treated mice suggesting that Korean red ginseng may benefit T1D patients, not only for its hypoglycemic but also for its immunomodulatory effects. 相似文献18.
Cláudio Lera Orsatti Fabiane MissimaAna Carolina Pagliarone José Maurício Sforcin 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2010
Aim of the study
Propolis is a natural product extensively used in food and beverages to improve health and to prevent diseases, showing immunomodulatory properties. The goal of this work was to evaluate the effect of propolis administration over a short-term to mice on Th1 (IL-2 and IFN-γ) and Th2 (IL-4 and IL-10) cytokines’ expression and production.Materials and methods
Propolis was administered for 3 days to mice by gavage, spleens were removed and RNA was extracted to assess cytokines’ expression by real-time PCR. Supernatants of spleen cell cultures were used for cytokines determination by ELISA.Results
Propolis administration to mice did not affect IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10 expression and production, while IFN-γ production was inhibited in the splenocyte cultures stimulated or not by Con A.Conclusions
Since IFN-γ is a pro-inflammatory cytokine, our data suggest that propolis administration over a short-term to mice may be associated with anti-inflammatory effects in vivo, and further assays could check propolis efficiency in inflammatory diseases. 相似文献19.
20.
Aik Jiang Lau Guixiang Yang Ganesh Rajaraman Christie C. Baucom Thomas K.H. Chang 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2013