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1.
Diana G. Soares Giovanna Anovazzi Ester Alves F. Bordini Uxua O. Zuta Maria Luísa A. Silva Leite Fernanda G. Basso Josimeri Hebling Carlos A. de Souza Costa 《Journal of endodontics》2018,44(6):971-976.e1
Introduction
The improvement of biomaterials capable of driving the regeneration of the pulp-dentin complex mediated by resident cells is the goal of regenerative dentistry. In the present investigation, a chitosan scaffold (CHSC) that released bioactive concentrations of simvastatin (SIM) was tested, aimed at the development of a cell-free tissue engineering system.Methods
First, we performed a dose-response assay to select the bioactive dose of SIM capable of inducing an odontoblastic phenotype in dental pulp cells (DPCs); after which we evaluated the synergistic effect of this dosage with the CHSC/DPC construct. SIM at 1.0 μmol/L (CHSC-SIM1.0) and 0.5 μmol/L were incorporated into the CHSC, and cell viability, adhesion, and calcium deposition were evaluated. Finally, we assessed the biomaterials in an artificial pulp chamber/3-dimensional culture model to simulate the cell-free approach in vitro.Results
SIM at 0.1 μmol/L was selected as the bioactive dose. This drug was capable of strongly inducing an odontoblastic phenotype on the DPC/CHSC construct. The incorporation of SIM into CHSC had no deleterious effect on cell viability and adhesion to the scaffold structure. CHSC-SIM1.0 led to significantly higher calcium-rich matrix deposition on scaffold/dentin disc assay compared with the control (CHSC). This biomaterial induced the migration of DPCs from a 3-dimensional culture to its surface as well as stimulated significantly higher expressions of alkaline phosphatase, collagen type 1 alpha 1, dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1, and dentin sialophosphoprotein on 3-dimensional–cultured DPCs than on those in contact with CHSC.Conclusions
CHSC-SIM1.0 scaffold was capable of increasing the chemotaxis and regenerative potential of DPCs. 相似文献2.
3.
Anna Sonja Müller Mara Artner Klara Janjić Michael Edelmayer Christoph Kurzmann Andreas Moritz Hermann Agis 《Journal of endodontics》2018,44(8):1263-1269
Introduction
Thixotropic synthetic clays have been successfully used for tissue engineering in regenerative medicine. The impact of these clays on the dental pulp, in particular in combination with hypoxia-based approaches using hypoxia mimetic agents (HMAs), is unknown. Our aim was to reveal the response of dental pulp–derived cells (DPCs) to a synthetic clay–based hydrogel and evaluate the release of HMAs.Methods
Using resazurin-based toxicity assays, live-dead staining, and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide staining, the viability of human DPCs seeded onto a synthetic clay–based hydrogel of 5%–0.15% as well as onto the hydrogels loaded with the HMAs dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), desferrioxamine, L-mimosine, and CoCl2 was evaluated. Furthermore, supernatant of the hydrogels loaded with HMAs were generated. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production of DPCs in response to the supernatant was measured to reveal the cellular response to the HMAs.Results
We found that the synthetic clay–based hydrogel did not impair the viability of DPCs. Cell monolayer and cell cluster formations were observed on the hydrogel. No significant increase of VEGF levels was observed in the supernatant when DPCs were cultured on hydrogels loaded with HMAs. Supernatant of DMOG-loaded hydrogels stimulated VEGF production in DPCs in the first hour, whereas the effect of desferrioxamine, L-mimosine, and CoCl2 did not reach a level of significance.Conclusions
The synthetic clay–based hydrogel represents a promising biomaterial that does not induce prominent toxic effects in DPCs. It can be loaded with DMOG to induce hypoxia mimetic activity. Overall, we provided first insights into the impact of synthetic clays on DPCs for tissue engineering purposes in regenerative endodontics. 相似文献4.
Introduction
Angiogenesis is critical for pulp regeneration. Exosomes, a key component of paracrine secretion, have emerged as important players in the modulation of angiogenesis. The role of dental pulp cell–derived exosomes (DPC-Exos) in angiogenesis has rarely been reported. The proangiogenic properties of DPC-Exos in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) are investigated in the current study.Methods
Exosomes were isolated from dental pulp cell (DPC) culture supernatants by ultracentrifugation and were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Western blotting, and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Their roles in HUVEC proliferation, proangiogenic factor expression, and tube formation were examined in vitro.Results
We isolated and characterized exosomes from DPCs and showed that DPC-Exos promoted HUVEC proliferation, proangiogenic factor expression, and tube formation. Furthermore, we found that p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling inhibition enhances DPC-Exos–induced tube formation.Conclusions
Taken together, these results suggest that DPC-Exos have vital roles in angiogenesis, and p38 MAPK signaling inhibition enhances tubular morphogenesis. 相似文献5.
Eddie Hsiang-Hua Lai Cheng-Ning Yang Sze-Kwan Lin Han-Wei Wang Sang-Heng Kok Chi-Yuan Hong I-Hsuan Su Hsiang Yang Jenny Zwei-Chieng Chang 《Journal of endodontics》2018,44(12):1817-1825
Introduction
Intramuscular injection of metformin has been shown to inhibit the progression of periapical lesions in rats by decreasing the number of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κβ ligand– and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase–positive cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of metformin on hypoxia-induced apoptosis of osteoblasts and the therapeutic activity of intracanal metformin in induced periapical lesions in rats.Methods
The influence of metformin on hypoxia-induced mitochondrial superoxide production in human osteoblasts was examined by using MitoSOX (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) fluorescence dye signaling. The release of cytochrome c from mitochondria and the cleavage of procaspase-9 and poly(adenosine diphosphate–ribose) polymerase were evaluated by Western blot analysis. Apoptotic cell fraction was assessed by DNA content flow cytometry. In a rat model of induced periapical lesions, the effect of intracanal metformin on disease progression was appraised by 2-dimensional radiography and micro–computed tomographic imaging. Oxidative lesions and apoptotic activity of osteoblasts in vivo were estimated, respectively, by 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling.Results
Metformin inhibited hypoxia-enhanced mitochondrial superoxide production in osteoblasts. Metformin suppressed hypoxia-induced cytochrome c release from mitochondria and the cleavage of procaspase-9 and poly(adenosine diphosphate–ribose) polymerase. Metformin repressed hypoxia-augmented apoptotic cell fraction. In a rat model, intracanal metformin diminished the size of periapical lesions and the oxidative damage and apoptotic activity in osteoblasts.Conclusions
Hypoxia increased oxidative stress in osteoblasts and enhanced cell death through activation of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. Metformin attenuated the oxidative and cytotoxic action of hypoxia. The therapeutic effect of metformin on periapical lesions is partially caused by its antioxidative activity. 相似文献6.
Xian-Yu Li Gui-Fei Ban Basheer Al-Shameri Xuan He Deng-Zhong Liang Wen-Xia Chen 《Journal of endodontics》2018,44(5):765-772
Introduction
Dentinogenesis includes odontoblast differentiation and extracellular matrix maturation as well as dentin mineralization. It is regulated by numerous molecules. High-temperature requirement protein A1 (HtrA1) plays crucial roles in bone mineralization and development and is closely associated with the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signal in osteogenesis differentiation. Simultaneously, the TGF-β1/small mother against decapentaplegic (Smad) signaling pathway is an important signaling pathway in various physiological processes and as a downstream regulation factor of HtrA1. However, the role of HtrA1 and its relationship with the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in dentin mineralization is unknown.Methods
We detected the role of HtrA1 and its relationship with the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) in this study. First, hDPCs were cultured in mineralized medium, and odontoblastic differentiation was confirmed by investigating mineralized nodule formation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and the expression of mineral-associated genes, including ALP, collagen I, and dentin sialophosphoprotein. Then, the expression of HtrA1 and TGF-β1/Smad in hDPCs was investigated in hDPCs during mineralized induction. After HtrA1 knockdown by lentivirus, the mineralized nodule formation, ALP activity, and expression of mineral-associated genes and TGF-β1/Smad genes were investigated to confirm the effect of HtrA1 on odontoblastic differentiation and its relationship with the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.Results
The expression of HtrA1 and TGF-β1 was increased during odontoblastic differentiation of hDPCs along with the messenger RNA expression of downstream factors of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. In addition, lentivirus-mediated HtrA1 knockdown inhibited the process of mineralization and the expression of HtrA1 and TGF-β1/Smad genes.Conclusions
These findings suggest that HtrA1 might positively regulate odontoblastic differentiation of hDPCs through activation of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. 相似文献7.
Eric A. Dik Norbertus A. Ipenburg Peter A. Kessler Robert J.J. van Es Stefan M. Willems 《Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery》2018,46(6):1001-1006
Introduction
In oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) the differentiation grade of the tumor is determined on the biopsy and the resection specimen. The relation between tumor grade, nodal metastasis and survival is debatable. The aims of this study were to determine the correlation between differentiation grade of the biopsy and the resection specimen. Furthermore, we wanted to correlate tumor differentiation grade with nodal stage and survival.Patients and methods
One-hundred and forty-five patients with OSCC staged as T1-2, N0 of the tongue, floor of mouth or cheek with primary resection of the tumor were examined. Biopsy and resection specimen were histologically re-assessed with regard to differentiation grade, as well as infiltrative, peri-neural and vascular invasive growth.Results
This study showed a poor correlation between differentiation grade in the incisional biopsy and the resection specimen of the same tumor. No significant relation between differentiation grade of the resection specimen and nodal involvement, as well as overall and disease-specific survival was found.Conclusion
In early OSCC the differentiation grade determined by biopsy is of little predictive value for the grading of the resection specimen. Poor differentiation grade could not be related to the presence of nodal metastasis or survival and seems not to have any prognostic value concerning outcome. Treatment planning must be related to these findings. 相似文献8.
Statement of problem
Lack of an accepted definition for the ascending ramus of the mandible means no common reference point is available for clinical or research dialogue.Purpose
The purpose of this review was to determine whether the ascending ramus has been defined, by using a search of published studies.Material and methods
PubMed was searched, using terms “ascending ramus” and “mandible.”Results
The search found no acceptable definition of the ascending ramus of the mandible.Conclusions
An acceptable definition for the ascending ramus of the mandible is lacking, and one is proposed here. 相似文献9.
10.
Ninnita Wongwatanasanti Jeeraphat Jantarat Hathaitip Sritanaudomchai Kenneth M. Hargreaves 《Journal of endodontics》2018,44(8):1270-1275
Introduction
In regenerative endodontic treatment (RET), practitioners favor the placement of bioceramics as sealing materials over blood clots. It is important to understand the interaction between sealing material and cells in the root canal. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of various bioceramic materials (ProRoot MTA [Dentsply, Tulsa, OK], Biodentine [Septodont, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, France], and RetroMTA [BioMTA, Seoul, Korea]) as sealing materials in RET for the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs).Methods
SCAPs were seeded at 20,000 cells/well and cultured with soluble agents of testing materials through a transwell culture plate. The proliferation of SCAPs was investigated using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay on days 1, 3, 7, and 14 of testing. Alizarin red staining and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were used for SCAP differentiation at different time points (1, 7, 14, and 21 days). The odontoblast genes expressed are dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1, dentin sialophosphoprotein, osteocalcin, and matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein, which were used in this study. The SCAPs were cultured in odonto/osteogenic induction medium and also contacted soluble agents from the testing materials.Results
All 3 tested biomaterials induced SCAP proliferation. The Biodentine, ProRootMTA, and RetroMTA groups showed significant SCAP proliferation on days 7 and 14 compared with the control. In regard to odontoblastic differentiation, only Biodentine showed positive alizarin red staining. The highest expressions of dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1, dentin sialophosphoprotein, and matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein were found on day 21 in the Biodentine group. The expression of osteocalcin was found to be significant on day 7.Conclusions
Biodentine, ProRootMTA, and RetroMTA can induce SCAP proliferation. Biodentine induced significant SCAP differentiation among the 3 materials. 相似文献11.
Alaa E. Dawood David J. Manton Peter Parashos Rebecca H. Wong William Singleton James A. Holden Neil M. O&#x;Brien-Simpson Eric C. Reynolds 《Journal of endodontics》2018,44(3):452-457
Introduction
Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) and CPP-ACP with fluoride (CPP-ACFP) have been shown to provide bioavailable ions to promote mineralization. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the materials’ biocompatibility and osteogenic/calcification potential for endodontic applications.Methods
Human and mouse osteoblast-like and fibroblast-like cell lines were incubated with 0.05%–3.0% w/v CPP-ACP and CPP-ACFP, and toxicity, proliferation, alkaline phosphatase, interleukin (IL)-1α, and IL-6 production, collagen type I, osteocalcin, and osteopontin production, and mineralization/calcification were determined.Results
CPP-ACP and CPP-ACFP were non-toxic and had no significant effect on proliferation or production of the inflammatory cytokine IL-1α. Alkaline phosphatase activity of the osteoblast-like cells was significantly increased (P < .05) by CPP-ACP and CPP-ACFP, as was the production of the osteotropic cytokine IL-6, the formation of calcium mineral deposits, and the secretion of mineralization-related proteins (collagen type I and osteocalcin).Conclusions
CPP-ACP and CPP-ACFP are biocompatible and have the potential to induce osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization. Potential applications include apexification, perforation repair, vital pulp therapy, and regenerative endodontic procedures. 相似文献12.
Natalia Martínez-Rodríguez Cristina Barona Dorado Jorge Cortés-Bretón Brinkmann María Martín Ares Javier Sanz Alonso José Maria Martínez-González 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2018,149(11):976-982
Background
Maxillary sinus carcinoma is a rare entity with an incidence of 0.2% and a low patient survival rate due to the frequency of late diagnosis.Methods
In this multicenter, transversal, retrospective, observational study, the authors analyzed patients who had received a diagnosis of maxillary sinus carcinoma, registering their oral symptoms, histologic type, treatment efficacy, and survival rate.Results
Maxillary sinus carcinoma was diagnosed in 24 patients (15 men and 9 women), of which 75% were squamous cell carcinomas. All patients had dental mobility, and some had swelling, orosinus fistula, or some dental loss. Mean patient survival rate was 38.83 months.Conclusions
A history of pain or swelling of unknown origin, an unexplained widening of periodontal ligament space, or mobility of the teeth should be considered warning signs of maxillary sinus carcinoma.Practical Implications
Recognition of oral symptoms by the dentist would help in making an early diagnosis of maxillary sinus carcinoma, improving the patient’s chances of survival and quality of life. 相似文献13.
Jonathan C. Simmonds Anju K. Patel Nicholas S. Mader Andrew R. Scott 《Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery》2018,46(3):498-503
Objectives
To examine the frequency of partial glossectomy performed for the indication of macroglossia in children within the United States, assessing for differences in rates of intervention across various demographics.To identify potential morbidities associated with partial glossectomy in this population and determine how such factors may influence length of stay and cost of admission following tongue reduction surgery.Study Design
Retrospective cross-sectional study.Setting
The Kids' Inpatient Database 2003, 2006, 2009, and 2012.Subjects
Patients under age 5 diagnosed with macroglossia who underwent partial glossectomy.Methods
Demographics were analyzed and cross tabulations, linear regression modeling, and multivariate analysis were performed.Results
During the four-years studied, partial glossectomy was performed in 196 children under age 5 with macroglossia. A disproportionately higher rate of intervention was seen in white children (p = 0.001), patients undergoing surgery in the mid-west (p < 0.001) and patients in the highest socioeconomic quartile (p = 0.015). Most patients underwent glossectomy in their second year of life. The average length of stay in patients who underwent partial glossectomy for macroglossia was 9.59 days (Range 1–211 days, median 3.45 days) and the average cost was $56,602 (median $16,330).Conclusion
Partial glossectomy for macroglossia is typically performed prior to age 2 in the United States. A higher rate of intervention is seen in white children, those who have surgery in the mid-west and affluent children even when controlling for confounding variables.Level of evidence
III. 相似文献14.
Ming-Gene Tu Chia-Che Ho Tuan-Ti Hsu Tsui-Hsien Huang Min-Jhen Lin Ming-You Shie 《Journal of endodontics》2018,44(6):963-970
Introduction
This research was intended to evaluate the feasibility of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) powder coated with polydopamine (PDA) in dental and bone tissue regeneration by investigating the hydration, physicochemical properties, and biological performance of hydrated cements.Methods
The MTA powder was well suspended in a dopamine solution buffered at a pH of 8.5 using tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane buffer and vigorously stirred for 12 hours at room temperature. The PDA-coated MTA powder was mixed with water and hydrated at 37°C with 100% relative humidity for 1 day. The setting time, mechanical strength, phase composition, surface morphology, and in vitro bioactivity of the cements as well as the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells cultured on the cements were evaluated.Results
The setting of the MTA cements was significantly shortened without jeopardizing the mechanical properties with PDA incorporated into the cements. In addition, our results proved that PDA-coated MTA up-regulation of odontogenic-related protein of hDPCs. PDA-coated MTA induced the odontogenic differentiation of cells as indicated by an alkaline phosphate activity test and an odontogenic-related protein analysis.Conclusions
These results indicate that dopamine is an effective coating material to promote long-term human dental pulp cell culture and odontogenic differentiation on PDA-MTA substrates. This will be an important direction for future studies focused on developing new biomaterials for dental applications. 相似文献15.
Yessenia Valverde Raghuvaran Narayanan Satish B. Alapati Fanny Chmilewsky Chun-Chieh Huang Sriram Ravindran Seung H. Chung 《Journal of endodontics》2018,44(7):1121-1125
Introduction
The nuclear enzyme poly(adenosine phosphate ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) has been implicated in the maintenance and differentiation of several stem cells. The role of PARP-1 in dental pulp stem cell (DPSC) differentiation, especially in the context of its ability to modulate nerve regeneration factors, has not been investigated. Regeneration of neuronal components in pulp tissue is important for the assessment of tooth vitality. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is known to play an integral signaling factor during nerve regeneration. In this study, we identified the role of PARP-1 in the modulation of BDNF in DPSC differentiation into odontoblastlike cells.Methods
Human DPSCs were prepared from healthy molars and cultured in regular and osteogenic media treated with PARP-1 antagonist and PARP-1 exogeneous protein. Polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry analysis for BDNF and various differentiation markers were performed.Results
Our polymerase chain reaction results showed that differentiated cells show odontoblastlike properties because they express odontogenic markers such as dentin sialophosphoprotein and dentin matrix protein 1. Both PARP-1 inhibitor and protein did not affect odontogenic differentiation and proliferation because the number of the differentiated cells was unaffected, and the expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein and dentin matrix protein 1 was not significantly changed. There is the possibility that PARP-1 treatment induces DPSCs into the unique cell lineage. Some differentiated cells show a very unique morphology with large irregular cytoplasm and an oval nucleus. Moreover, PARP-1 inhibition significantly increased BDNF secretion in DPSC-derived odontoblastlike cells. This observation was also confirmed by immunohistochemistry.Conclusions
Taken together, our results indicate PARP-1 as a negative regulator in BDNF secretion during odontogenic DPSC differentiation, showing its potential application for translational nerve regeneration strategies to improve dental pulp tissue vitality assessments. 相似文献16.
Neha Sultana Manisha Singh Ruchika Roongta Nawal Sarika Chaudhry Seema Yadav Sujata Mohanty Sangeeta Talwar 《Journal of endodontics》2018,44(3):446-451
Introduction
The success of endodontic regeneration lies in the appropriate combination of stem cells and bioactive materials. Several novel dental materials are available on the market in this regard. Hence, the current study aimed to evaluate the proliferation, differentiation, and osteogenic potential of human bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) onto biomaterials like ProRoot MTA (MTA; Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Tulsa, OK), Biodentine (BD; Septodont, Saint Maur de Fosses, France), and EndoSequence Root Repair Material (ERRM; Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA).Methods
Dental cements were formulated into discs and assessed for their biocompatibility. hBMSCs were used to study biocompatitibility and the proliferative and osteogenic potential of these dental cements. A live dead assay was performed using confocal microscopy to study the biocompatibility, proliferation, and cell attachment property of the cements. An 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was also performed on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 to study growth kinetics. The osteogenic potential of these cements was studied by inducing hBMSCs over them using osteogenic differentiation medium (assessed by alkaline phosphatase assay).Results
ERRM and MTA have shown the best biocompatibility among the tricalcium silicate materials used with no significant difference between them. Both have shown significantly higher osteogenic bioactivity than BD. All 3 tricalcium silicate cements support good adherence of hBMSCs.Conclusions
All of the dental cements used in this study are biocompatible with the potential to induce proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. Therefore, the newly introduced ERRM can be the material of choice in various endodontic applications. 相似文献17.
Yahya Açil Mia Leena Arndt Aydin Gülses Henning Wieker Hendrik Naujokat Mustafa Ayna Jörg Wiltfang 《Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery》2018,46(4):538-546
Objective
The aim of this paper was to assess the effects of zoledronate (ZOL) and alendronate (FOS) on apoptotic behavior and gene expression of pro- and inflammatory cytokines of three cell types (human osteoblasts, human gingival fibroblasts and human osteogenic sarcoma cell lines) during a period of 4 weeks.Material and methods
Cell viability and proliferation was assessed via cell proliferation test (MTT), fluorescence diacetate analysis (FDA). Expression of inflammatory cytokines was investigated by using polymerase chain reaction.Results
The proliferation and cell vitality of osteoblasts and fibroblasts were negatively affected in a dose dependent manner under ZOL and FOS administration. Osteosarcoma cells showed an increase in proliferation under lower doses of BP. ZOL had a significantly higher cytotoxic effect compared with FOS on osteoblasts and fibroblasts. ZOL increased the production of IL-6 in all cell types, whereas FOS only in osteosarcoma cell, which happened in dose dependent manner. Bisphosphonates could result in increase of IL-1β expression of fibroblasts. An increase of IL-12 was observed at higher doses of ZOL administration among osteoblasts and FOS administration in osteosarcoma cells.Conclusion
ZOL and FOS could encourage cytotoxic and inflammatory reactions. 相似文献18.
Ki Hoon Joo Je Seon Song Seunghye Kim Hyo-Seol Lee Mijeong Jeon Seong-Oh Kim Jae-Ho Lee 《Journal of endodontics》2018,44(1):87-92.e1
Introduction
The aim of this study was to measure and compare the expression levels of cytokines from developing apical complex cells (DACCs) and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) of the immature tooth.Methods
DPSC-conditioned medium (CM) and DACCs-CM were obtained from human young teeth, and 174 cytokines secreted from each CM were identified and compared. A cytokine membrane array and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to measure and compare the expression levels of the cytokines. Immunocytochemistry targeting insulin-like growth factor-1 and neurotrophin-3 was additionally performed.Results
There were statistically significant differences in the expression levels of 25 cytokines: 22 and 3 were expressed more strongly in DPSCs-CM and DACCs-CM, respectively. Odontoblast differentiation-related cytokines were more strongly expressed in DPSCs-CM, while cell-proliferation–related cytokines were more strongly expressed in DACCs-CM. Proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were predominantly expressed in DPSCs-CM and DACCs-CM, respectively.Conclusions
DPSCs may exert a stronger paracrine effect than DACCs on regeneration of the dentin–pulp complex, in terms of odontoblast differentiation. 相似文献19.
Raymond A. Kuthy Susan C. McKernan Mark Pooley M. Bridget Zimmerman 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2018,149(4):308-316
Background
In this study, the authors used observational data from 2014 to evaluate the association between the number of general dentists and several community characteristics.Methods
The authors collected community-level characteristics from secondary sources for all 947 Iowa incorporated communities to study their relationships with the mean number of general dentists per 1,000 population per square mile (population density), the dependent variable. The authors used zero-inflated negative binomial models to examine the association between the dependent and predictor variables.Results
Only 22.8% of communities had a dentist. Urban, young, well-educated, fluoridated communities with at least 1 elementary school had the highest estimated mean concentration of dentists. Isolated communities with older, less educated adults and lacking fluoridation and an elementary school had the fewest dentists.Conclusions
Although population is an important determinant for where a dentist practices, other variables such as urbanization, demographic characteristics, fluoridation status, and presence of at least 1 elementary school are also predictors of the number of dentists in a community.Practical Implications
These findings provide dental students and young practitioners useful information by highlighting community characteristics that are associated with office locations. 相似文献20.
Zhangrui Liang Satoshi Kawano Wei Chen Moein Seyed Sadrkhani Chaehwan Lee Euiseong Kim Alireza Moshaverinia Reuben H. Kim Mo K. Kang 《Journal of endodontics》2018,44(1):80-86