Genome-wide linkage analysis of blood pressure in Mexican Americans

The genetic mechanisms that control variation in blood pressure level are largely unknown. One of the first steps in understanding those mechanisms is the localization of the genes that have a significant effect on blood pressure. We performed genome scans of systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) on a population-based sample of families in the San Antonio Family Heart Study. A likelihood-based Mendelian model incorporating genotype-specific effects of sex, age, age(2), BMI, and blood pressure (SBP or DBP, as appropriate) as covariates was used to perform two-point lodscore (Z) linkage on 399 polymorphic markers. Results showed that the genotype-specific covariate effects were highly significant for both SBP and DBP. Linkage results showed that a quantitative trait locus (QTL) influencing DBP was significantly linked to D2S1790 (Z = 3.92, theta = 0.00) and showed suggestive linkage to D8S373 (Z = 1.92, theta = 0.00). A QTL influencing SBP showed suggestive linkage to D21S1440 (Z = 2.82, theta = 0.00) and D18S844 (Z = 2.09, theta = 0.11). Without the genotype-specific effects in the model, the linkage to D2S1790 was not even suggestive (Z = 1.33, theta = 0.09); thus genotype-specific modeling was crucial in detecting this linkage. A comparison with linkage studies based in other populations showed that the significant linkage to D2S1790 has been replicated at the same marker in the Quebec Family Study. The replicated significant linkage at D2S1790 may begin to establish the locations of the genes that significantly affect blood pressure across several human ethnic groups.     

Mixture models for linkage analysis of affected sibling pairs and covariates.

To determine the genetic etiology of complex diseases, a common study design is to recruit affected sib/relative pairs (ASP/ARP) and evaluate their genome-wide distribution of identical by descent (IBD) sharing using a set of highly polymorphic markers. Other attributes or environmental exposures of the ASP/ARP, which are thought to affect liability to disease, are sometimes collected. Conceivably, these covariates could refine the linkage analysis. Most published methods for ASP/ARP linkage with covariates can be conceptualized as logistic models in which IBD status of the ASP is predicted by pair-specific covariates. We develop a different approach to the problem of ASP analysis in the presence of covariates, one that extends naturally to ARP under certain conditions. For ASP linkage analysis, we formulate a mixture model in which a disease mutation is segregating in only a fraction alpha of the sibships, with 1 - alpha sibships being unlinked. Covariate information is used to predict membership within groups; in this report, the two groups correspond to the linked and unlinked sibships. For an ASP with covariate(s) Z = z and multilocus genotype X = x, the mixture model is alpha(z)g(x; lambda) + [1 - alpha(z)]g(0)(x), in which g(0)(x) follows the distribution of genotypes under the null IBD distribution and g(x; lambda) allows for increased IBD sharing. Two mixture models are developed. The pre-clustering model uses covariate information to form probabilistic clusters and then tests for excess IBD sharing independent of the covariates. The Cov-IBD model determines probabilistic group membership by joint consideration of covariate and IBD values. Simulations show that incorporating covariates into linkage analysis can enhance power substantially. A feature of our conceptualization of ASP linkage analysis, with covariates, is that it is apparent how data analysis might evaluate covariates prior to the linkage analysis, thus avoiding the loss of power described by Leal and Ott [2000] when data are stratified.     

Two-stage global search designs for linkage analysis using pairs of affected relatives

We investigate the two-stage procedure proposed by Elston [(1992) Proceedings of the XVIth International Biometric Conference, Hamilton, New Zealand, December 7–11, 1992, pp 39–51, and (1994) “Genetic Approaches to Mental Disorders.” Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, pp 3–21] for performing a global search of the genome to locate disease genes by linkage analysis using affected relative pairs. The optimal design depends on the type of pairs studied, the effect of the disease locus, the relative costs of recruiting affected persons and typing markers, how informative the markers are, and the amount of genetic heterogeneity. It is specified by the initial number of markers to use, the number of affected relative pairs to study, the initial significance level α^* to use at the first stage, and the number of flanking markers to use at the second stage around markers significant at the first stage. Asymptotically, the optimal design does not depend separately on either the desired final significance level or power, but rather on a function of the two. Both as the effect of the disease locus increases and as the relative cost of recruiting a subject increases, the optimal number of initial markers increases and the optimal number of pairs decreases. The expected cost of the study decreases as the effect of the disease locus increases, but increases as the relative cost of recruiting a subject increases. The optimal initial number of markers decreases but the number of pairs increases when there is genetic heterogeneity present; conversely, the optimal initial number of markers increases when markers are less than fully informative. Compared to a one-stage procedure, a two-stage procedure typically halves the cost of a study. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

简易智能心率血压监测仪对老年难治性高血压合并冠心病患者血压控制的效果观察

目的：分析简易智能心率血压监测仪在老年难治性高血压合并冠心病患者中对血压控制效果的作用。方法：抽取2018年1月～2020年1月在本院接收的90例老年难治性高血压合并冠心病患者作为研究对象,根据抽签法进行分组,将患者分为观察组（n=45）和对照组（n=45）。对照组患者实施随机固定某时段监测,观察组采用简易智能心率血压监测仪进行全天候动态监测,观察比较两组患者的血压控制效果及心率改变情况。比较观察组和对照组患者日夜血压水平变化异常率及晨峰出现率。比较两组患者对于血压检查的满意度及舒适度。结果：观察组患者的全天血压、日间血压、夜间血压与全天血压总负荷水平均较对照组高,组间比较有较大的差别（P<0.05）,同时观察组患者的日夜水平变化异常分型中非杓型较对照组低,而晨峰出现概率较对照组更高,组间比较有较大的差别（P<0.05）,此外观察组患者对于血压检查的满意度及舒适度均明显高于对照组,组间比较有较大的差别（P<0.05）。结论：简易智能心率血压监测仪进行血压监测能够更好地发现血压异常状况,指导临床调整用药方案,有助于提高血压控制效果。     

Modification by ALAD of the Association between Blood Lead and Blood Pressure in the U.S. Population: Results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Background

Environmental lead exposure has been found to be associated with an increased risk of hypertension. Individuals vary greatly in susceptibility to lead toxicity, and genetic susceptibility has often been cited as the probable cause for such variation.

Objective

The main objective is to determine the role of the aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) gene, which encodes the main carrier protein of lead in blood, in the association between lead exposure and blood pressure (BP) and hypertension in the U.S. population.

Methods

We analyzed data from individuals ≥ 17 years of age who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for whom DNA was available (n = 6,016). Multivariable logistic and linear regressions stratified by race/ethnicity were used to examine whether hypertension and BP were associated with ALAD and blood lead levels (BLL).

Results

BLL was associated with systolic BP in non-Hispanic whites and with hypertension and systolic and diastolic BP in non-Hispanic blacks. BLL was not associated with BP outcomes in Mexican Americans. Non-Hispanic white ALAD2 carriers in the highest BLL quartile (3.8–52.9 μg/dL) had a significantly higher adjusted prevalence odds ratio for hypertension compared with ALAD1 homozygous individuals. We also found a significant interaction between lead concentration and the ALAD2 allele in non-Hispanic whites and non-Hispanic blacks in relation to systolic BP.

Conclusions

BLL may be an important risk factor for hypertension and increased systolic and diastolic BP. These associations may be modified by ALAD genotype.     

Dietary Fats and Blood Pressure: A Critical Review of the Evidence

Comparisons of blood pressure patterns among populations suggest that low-fat diets or consumption of unsaturated fatty acids decrease blood pressure. However, in most single populations dietary fatty acids and total fat, as determined by diet history, are not significantly correlated with blood pressure. Dietary fatty acids, quantitated by levels in adipose tissue or plasma lipoproteins, had no consistent association with blood pressure. Dietary fatty acids and total fat were not predictive of the development of hypertension over four years in a large cohort of nurses in the United States. Although several dietary trials lacking randomized controls suggested effects of dietary fats on blood pressure, 11 of 12 controlled trials showed no significant effects. All seven double-blind trials, and the two trials of longest duration (one and five years), showed no effect of either varying the content of total fat or of exchanging polyunsaturated for saturated fatty acids. In summary, there is little convincing evidence that the amount or type of dietary fat, varied within customary dietary patterns, affects blood pressure levels in persons with normal or mildly elevated blood pressure.     

飞行人员早期高血压病动态血压分析及医学鉴定

目的探索飞行人员早期高血压病诊治更全面的评价方法,为飞行人员早期高血压病诊治及医学鉴定提供依据。方法 32例男性诊室血压(OBP)1级高血压飞行人员,根据动态血压监测(ABPM)24 h血压均值将其分为2组:ABPM高血压组和白大衣高血压组(WCH组),分析其ABPM参数,同期纳入30名健康男性飞行人员作为对照组。结果ABPM高血压组17例,占OBP高血压总数的53.13%。WCH组15例,占OBP高血压总数的46.88%。夜间收缩压下降率(n SBPF)、夜间舒张压下降率(n DBPF)3组差异无显著性。24 h收缩压负荷(24 h SBPL)、24 h舒张压负荷(24 h DBPL)3组均有显著差异。结论 ABPM高血压组和WCH组血压仍保持正常的昼夜节律。24 h SBPL、24 h DBPL是区分3组的较敏感指标。ABPM能更客观地评价飞行人员早期高血压病的病情,可作为飞行人员早期高血压病诊治和医学鉴定的重要参考指标。     

飞行人员早期高血压病动态血压分析及医学鉴定

目的 探讨飞行人员早期高血压病诊治更全面的评价方法,为飞行人员早期高血压病诊治及医学鉴定提供依据。方法 32例男性诊室血压(OBP)1级高血压飞行人员,根据动态血压监测(ABPM)24 h血压均值将其分为2组:ABPM高血压组和白大衣高血压组(WCH组),分析其ABPM参数,同期纳入30名健康男性飞行人员作为对照组。结果ABPM高血压组17例,占OBP高血压总数的53.13%。WCH组15例,占OBP高血压总数的46.88%。夜间收缩压下降率(n SBPF)、夜间舒张压下降率(n DBPF)3组间差异无统计学意义。24 h收缩压负荷(24h SBPL)、24 h舒张压负荷(24h DBPL)3组间差异均有显著的统计学意义。结论 ABPM高血压组和WCH组血压仍保持正常的昼夜节律。24h SBPL、24h DBPL是区分3组的较敏感指标。ABPM能更客观地评价飞行人员早期高血压病的病情,可作为飞行人员早期高血压病诊治和医学鉴定的重要参考指标。     

急性缺氧对大白鼠肺动脉压和颈动脉压的影响

目的观察急性缺氧对大白鼠肺动脉压和颈动脉压的影响是否有所不同,同时观察急性缺氧时大白鼠呼吸和心率的变化.方法用导管插入术测定雄性Wistar大鼠(A组:鼠龄77～79 d,体重295～390 g,n=14;B组:鼠龄24～30 d,体重70～105 g,n=10)的肺动脉压和颈动脉压.实验行10%乌拉坦(1 ml/100 g BW)腹腔麻醉,并呼吸10%的低氧混合气体.另取5只大白鼠呼吸空气连续记录30 min作为对照.结果大鼠在呼吸空气30 min内,肺动脉压和颈动脉压保持平稳.A组呼吸空气时肺动脉压峰压(mmHg)为26.9,呼吸低氧混合气体后1、2、5、10、20、20、30 min分别为34.1、35.8、34.6、43.4、35.0,与呼吸空气比较均不显著增高(P＜0.05);肺动脉压收缩压(mmHg)呼吸空气时为24.6,呼吸低氧混合气体后1、2、5、10、20、30 min分别为28.2、30.6、31.3、30.2、29.9、31.9,除呼吸低氧混合气体后1 min和20 min增高无统计学意义外,其余增高均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);颈动脉压峰压(mmHg)呼吸空气时为132.2,呼吸低氧混合气体后1、2、5、10、20、30 min分别为112.6、104.1、89.2、86.1、87.0、87.4,均比呼吸空气时降低(P＜0.05);动颈脉收缩压(mmHg)呼吸空气时为129.0,呼吸低氧气体后1、2、5、10、20、30 min分别为111.2、102.9、87.2、85.0、85.5、86.1,均比呼吸空气时显著下降(P＜0.05).B组大鼠急性缺颈动脉压和颈动脉压变化趋势与A组相同,但不如A组明显.结论急性缺氧对大白鼠肺动脉压和颈动脉压的影响不同.急性缺氧使肺动脉压升高,却使颈动脉压降低.     

食品级藏灵菇培养液对高脂血症患者血脂血压的影响

目的观察食品级藏灵菇培养液对高脂血症患者血脂、血压的调节效果.方法选择高脂血症患者90例,随机分为对照组、牛奶组和试验组,每组30例,试验组每日睡前摄入藏灵菇培养液4 ml/kg体重,牛奶组喝等剂量牛奶,连续服用20天;对照组除不饮用藏灵菇培养液和牛奶外其他试验条件与试验组和牛奶组保持一致.3组试验前后分别测定血脂(总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇)、血压.结果服用藏灵菇培养液的高脂血症患者试验前后血清总胆固醇的降低幅度大于牛奶组和对照组(P＜0.05),牛奶组与对照组之间差异无显著性(P＞0.05).甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇及血压试验前后的改变3组间差异均无显著性(P＞0.05).结论服用藏灵菇培养液对高脂血症患者血脂中的胆固醇有一定的降低作用.     

健康教育对高血压控制效果影响的分析

目的了解健康教育对高血压患者健康行为及血压控制的影响效果。方法对天馨小区内随机选取的50名高血压患者进行健康教育前后其健康行为和血压控制效果的调查比较。结果（1）血压监测的正常率从健康教育前的53％上升到73％。（2）高血压知识问卷合格率从原来的30％上升到84%。（3）健康教育后,高血压患者的自我管理意识明显提高,用药依从率,体育锻炼参与率,主动测血压率均较前提高。结论成功的健康教育能有效提高高血压患者的自我保健意识,改善健康行为与生活习惯,从而起到有效控制血压的效果。     

Multivariate linkage analysis of blood pressure and body mass index

Multivariate linkage analyses of correlated traits provide greater statistical power to identify genetic loci with effects too small to be detected in single trait analyses. We conducted genomewide multivariate analyses of systolic BP, diastolic BP, and body mass index (BMI) in 1,848 non-Hispanic white subjects (968 females, 880 males) from 279 multigenerational pedigrees from Rochester, Minnesota. Blood pressure was measured by random zero sphygmomanometer; body mass index was calculated from measurements of height and weight; and genotypes were measured at 520 microsatellite marker loci distributed across the 22 autosomes. Univariate linkage analyses demonstrated tentative evidence of linkage (defined by univariate LOD scores of 1.30-1.99) for diastolic BP on chromosome 18 and for BMI on chromosomes 3, 10, and 18. Bivariate linkage analyses showed tentative evidence of linkage (defined by bivariate LOD scores of 2.06-2.86) for systolic and diastolic BP on chromosome 14 and for either measure of BP and BMI on chromosomes 2, 3, 10, and 18; and suggestive evidence of linkage (defined by bivariate LOD scores of 2.87-3.99) for either measure of BP and BMI on chromosomes 10 and chromosome 15. Trivariate linkage analyses of systolic and diastolic BP and BMI provided evidence of a region influencing all three traits on chromosome 10, where the trivariate LOD score rose to a maximum value of 4.09 (at 144 cM, P=0.0007), and possibly on chromosome 2, where it rose to a maximum value of 2.80 (at 77 cM, P=0.0075). For genomewide linkage analyses to succeed in localizing genes influencing BP, it may be advantageous to exploit the greater statistical power of multivariate linkage analyses to identify loci with pleiotropic effects on correlated traits.     

Waist Circumference Trajectories in Relation to Blood Pressure and the Risk of Hypertension in Chinese Adults

Central obesity is associated with a higher risk of hypertension. This study aimed to analyze waist circumference (WC) trajectories and discover their association with blood pressure and the risk of hypertension. The data were obtained from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), with a sample of 11,885 adults aged 18 or older. Trajectory groups of WC were identified by group-based trajectory modeling. Three trajectory groups were identified in males: “normal-stable group” (group 1), “normal-increase to central obesity group” (group 2), and “central obesity-slight decrease group” (group 3). There were also three identified in females: “normal-increase to central obesity group” (group 1), “normal-stable group” (group 2), and “central obesity-increase group” (group 3). For males, compared with group 1, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) increased by 2.47 mmHg and 2.13 mmHg, respectively, in group 2, and by 3.07 mmHg and 2.54 mmHg, respectively, in group 3. The adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of hypertension in groups 2 and 3 were 1.16 (1.06–1.28) and 1.29 (1.10–1.50), respectively. For females, compared with group 2, SBP and DBP increased by 1.69 mmHg and 1.68 mmHg, respectively, in group 1, and by 4.96 mmHg and 2.77 mmHg, respectively, in group 3. The HR and 95% CI of hypertension in groups 2 and 3 were 1.21 (1.07–1.36) and 1.52(1.17–1.99), respectively. We found that the WC trajectory was a risk factor for hypertension and elevated blood pressure independent of basal WC. Increased risk of hypertension was nonlinearly associated with annual WC increase.     

Randomized Trial on the Effects of Dietary Potassium on Blood Pressure and Serum Potassium Levels in Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease

In the general population, an increased potassium (K) intake lowers blood pressure (BP). The effects of K have not been well-studied in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This randomized feeding trial with a 2-period crossover design compared the effects of diets containing 100 and 40 mmol K/day on BP in 29 adults with stage 3 CKD and treated or untreated systolic BP (SBP) 120–159 mmHg and diastolic BP (DBP) <100 mmHg. The primary outcome was 24 h ambulatory systolic BP. The higher-versus lower-K diet had no significant effect on 24 h SBP (−2.12 mm Hg; p = 0.16) and DBP (−0.70 mm Hg; p = 0.44). Corresponding differences in clinic BP were −4.21 mm Hg for SBP (p = 0.054) and −0.08 mm Hg for DBP (p = 0.94). On the higher-K diet, mean serum K increased by 0.21 mmol/L (p = 0.003) compared to the lower-K diet; two participants had confirmed hyperkalemia (serum K ≥ 5.5 mmol/L). In conclusion, a higher dietary intake of K did not lower 24 h SBP, while clinic SBP reduction was of borderline statistical significance. Additional trials are warranted to understand the health effects of increased K intake in individuals with CKD.     

动态血压监测对高血压患者的管理及效果评价

目的:评价动态血压监测对高血压患者的管理及效果。方法:本次实验研究将本院于2018年10月~2019年10月收治的高血压患者136例作为实验对象,采用1:1分组原则将患者分为A组(n=68)和B组(n=68),其血压监测方法分别为动态血压监测与常规血压监测,对比分析两组患者的管理水平与效果。结果:在监测后3个月血压水平的比较上,A组患者与B组患者相比明显较低(P<0.05);A组患者睡眠质量明显高于B组患者(P<0.05);A组患者与B组患者相比,其在遵医行为上存在显著优势(P<0.05)。结论:动态血压监测是一种理想的血压监测方法。     

Blood Pressure Changes and Chemical Constituents of Particulate Air Pollution: Results from the Healthy Volunteer Natural Relocation (HVNR) Study

Background: Elevated blood pressure (BP) has been associated with particulate matter (PM) air pollution, but associations with PM chemical constituents are still uncertain.Objectives: We investigated associations of BP with various chemical constituents of fine PM (PM_2.5) during 460 repeated visits among a panel of 39 university students.Methods: Resting BP was measured using standardized methods before and after the university students relocated from a suburban campus to an urban campus with different air pollution contents in Beijing, China. Air pollution data were obtained from central monitors close to student residences. We used mixed-effects models to estimate associations of various PM_2.5 constituents with systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and pulse pressure.Results: An interquartile range increase of 51.2 μg/m³ in PM_2.5 was associated with a 1.08-mmHg (95% CI: 0.17, 1.99) increase in SBP and a 0.96-mmHg (95% CI: 0.31, 1.61) increase in DBP on the following day. A subset of PM_2.5 constituents, including carbonaceous fractions (organic carbon and elemental carbon), ions (chloride and fluoride), and metals/metalloid elements (nickel, zinc, magnesium, lead, and arsenic), were found to have robust positive associations with different BP variables, though robust negative associations of manganese, chromium, and molybdenum with SBP or DBP also were observed.Conclusions: Our results support relationships between specific PM_2.5 constituents and BP. These findings have potential implications for the development of pollution abatement strategies that maximize public health benefits.     

Longitudinal Trajectories of Alcohol Consumption with All-Cause Mortality,Hypertension, and Blood Pressure Change: Results from CHNS Cohort, 1993–2015

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated a J-shaped association of alcohol consumption with all-cause mortality and hypertension, but the majority of these studies focus on a single measurement of alcohol intake and were conducted in a Western population. Whether long-term trajectories of alcohol consumption are associated with all-cause mortality, hypertension, and a change in blood pressure remains to be elucidated. Methods: In the large, population-based China Health and Nutrition Survey cohort from between 1993 and 2015, group-based trajectory modeling was conducted to identify distinct alcohol-consumption trajectory classes. We investigated their association with all-cause mortality and hypertension using Cox regression and binary logistics regression models. A restricted cubic spline was performed to determine the nonlinear relationships of mean alcohol intake with mortality and hypertension. Multivariate-adjusted generalized linear mixed-effects models were conducted to assess the change in blood pressure among alcohol-consumption trajectory classes. Results: Among the 5298 participants, 48.4% were women and the mean age was 62.6 years. After 22 years of follow-up, 568 (10.7%) of the participants died and 1284 (24.2%) developed hypertension. Long-term light and moderate drinkers had a lower risk of death than the non-drinkers, and a restricted cubic spline showed a J-shaped relationship between mean alcohol intake and mortality. Although blood pressure increased slower in light and moderate drinkers, a reduced risk of hypertension was only observed in the former. The long-term heavy drinkers had the highest blood pressure and death rate. Conclusions: Light alcohol intake might be protective even in the long run, while heavy drinking reversed the beneficial effect. The causality of such a connection needs to be further investigated.     

Effect of Powdered Fermented Milk with Lactobacillus helveticus on Subjects with High-Normal Blood Pressure or Mild Hypertension

Objective: Two tripeptides (Val-Pro-Pro and Ile-Pro-Pro) that have inhibitory activities for angiotensin I-converting enzyme are produced in milk fermented with Lactobacillus helveticus. In this study we evaluated the effect and safety of powdered fermented milk with L. helveticus CM4 on subjects with high-normal blood pressure or mild hypertension.

Methods: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study was conducted using 40 subjects with high-normal blood pressure (HN group) and 40 subjects with mild hypertension (MH group). Each subject ingested 6 test tablets (12 g) containing powdered fermented milk with L. helveticus CM4 daily for 4 weeks (test group) or the same amount of placebo tablets for 4 weeks (placebo group).

Results: During treatment, the decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in the test group tended to be greater than in the placebo group for both blood pressure groups. At the end of treatment (week 4), a significant decrease in DBP in the HN group was observed (i.e. 5.0 mm Hg (0.1, 9.9; p = 0.04) compared with the placebo group). There was no significant change in SBP (3.2 mm Hg (95% CI ?2.6, 8.9; p = 0.27). In the MH group, SBP decreased by 11.2 mm Hg (4.0, 18.4; p = 0.003) and there was a statistically non-significant decrease in DBP of 6.5 mm Hg (?0.1, 13.0; p = 0.055) compared with the placebo group. No marked changes were observed in other indexes, including pulse rate, body weight and blood serum variables, and no adverse effects attributed to the treatment was found in each group.

Conclusions: Daily ingestion of the tablets containing powdered fermented milk with L. helveticus CM4 in subjects with high-normal blood pressure or mild hypertension reduces elevated blood pressure without any adverse effects.     

松江区泗泾镇高血压患者血压控制情况及行为影响因素分析

目的 了解上海市松江区泗泾镇高血压患者的血压控制情况,探讨行为因素对高血压患者血压控制的影响.方法 采用整群抽样方法,于2017年10月-2018年10月在泗泾镇抽取6931例高血压患者进行问卷调查和体格检查.对高血压患者的性别、年龄、体质指数、患高血压年限和家族高血压病史等基础资料以及吸烟、饮酒、规律服用降压药、限盐...     

农村社区人群血脂、血糖、体质指数与血压的相关性研究

目的 研究农村社区人群血压异常与血脂、血糖、体质指数的相关性。方法分层随机抽样调查苏南农村社区35岁及以上常住居民3162人。结果 高血压患病率为37．8％,血脂异常率为37.3％,高血糖率为3．2％,超重率为17．6％、肥胖率为5．8％;高血压患病率随着体质指数的增加显著上升;血脂胆固醇、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白异常率均随着血压的升高而增长：超重及肥胖者的血脂胆固醇、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白的水平均显著高于正常体重者,而高密度脂蛋白的水平显著低于正常体重者：高血压患者的高血糖率高于非高血压患者：高血压患者中,合并代谢异常率以35～40岁最高,50．7％的人至少合并一种代谢异常．女性合并脂代谢异常、超重及肥胖的比例显著高于男性;高血压患者合并多种代谢异常的危险因素男性有常吃肥肉．女性有高血压家族史及常吃肥肉。结论血脂、血糖、体质指数和血压密切相关,必须有针对性地开展慢性病综合防治和健康管理．