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早期康复护理干预在颅脑损伤患者中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:探讨早期康复护理干预对颅脑损伤患者昏迷清醒时间、日常生活活动(ADL)能力恢复的影响.方法:将80例颅脑损伤患者随机分为实验组和对照组各40例,对照组给予常规护理,实验组在此基础上给予早期康复护理干预.结果: 实验组苏醒时间、ADL评分明显优于对照组(P<0.05).结论:颅脑损伤患者实施早期康复护理干预,能明显缩短昏迷清醒时间,降低并发症发生率. 相似文献
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刺激性康复护理对颅脑损伤致昏迷患者的促醒作用研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:探讨刺激性康复护理对颅脑损伤致昏迷患者的促醒作用及预后的影响.方法:选择格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)≤8分的颅脑损伤昏迷患者64例,随机分为观察组(刺激性康复护理组)及对照组(常规护理组)各32例,对照组采用常规护理方法,观察组在常规护理的基础上,同时给予刺激性康复护理.于住院2个月后比较两组的清醒率、清醒时间及临床疗效.结果:观察组患者昏迷转清醒率较对照组明显增高(P<0.05),清醒时间较对照组明显缩短(P<0.01),临床疗效优于对照组(JP<0.05).结论:刺激性康复护理应用于颅脑损伤患者,能促进患者早日清醒,减少致残率和病死率,改善预后. 相似文献
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目的探讨临床综合性呼唤式护理干预对重型颅脑损伤昏迷患者的促醒作用。方法对照组60例患者采用常规性护理方法,研究组60例患者采用综合性呼唤式护理方法,分别对患者治疗前及治疗后10d、20d、30d的格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)和清醒情况进行记录和比较分析。结果两组患者于治疗后经护理GCS评分逐渐升高,治疗后20d和30d时,研究组评分(8.37±2.74,12.50±2.98)明显高于对照组(6.58±2.66,9.02±2.91),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用综合性呼唤式护理方法对于重型颅脑损伤昏迷患者具有较好的临床护理疗效,能够有效提高觉醒率,适合于临床推广应用。 相似文献
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王丽洁 《实用中西医结合临床》2017,17(12):145-147
目的:探讨呼唤式护理干预联合肠内营养支持应用于重型颅脑损伤致昏迷患者的临床效果。方法:选取2014年12月~2017年1月洛阳市第一人民医院收治的重型颅脑损伤致昏迷患者128例,随机分为对照组和研究组各64例。对照组实施常规护理联合肠外营养支持,研究组实施呼唤式护理联合肠内营养支持。比较两组患者GCS评分,血清白蛋白、总蛋白及血红蛋白的含量,护理满意度及并发症发生率。结果:出院时,研究组GCS评分及血清白蛋白、总蛋白、血红蛋白含量均高于对照组,并发症发生率低于对照组,护理满意度明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:呼唤式护理干预联合肠内营养支持应用于重型颅脑损伤致昏迷患者可有效改善其昏迷状态及营养状况,降低并发症发生率,有利于患者康复,提高护理满意度,缓解家属焦虑等负性情绪,减少住院费用。 相似文献
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呼唤护理对重型颅脑损伤迁延性昏迷患者预后的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的探讨呼唤护理对重型颅脑损伤迁延性昏迷患者预后的影响。方法将66例重型颅脑损伤迁延性昏迷患者随机分为干预组34例和对照组32例。对照组采用神经外科综合治疗常规护理方法,干预组在此基础上增加系统、有效的呼唤护理。观察患者住院各个阶段GCS评分和昏迷恢复情况以及住院天数。结果干预组住院1个月时GCS评分、昏迷恢复情况明显优于对照组;2个月时清醒率明显高于对照组;出院时意识恢复情况明显优于对照组,住院天数明显少于对照组。结论呼唤护理对促进重型颅脑损伤迁延性昏迷患者的恢复、改善其预后有积极的影响。 相似文献
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呼唤式护理干预在重型颅脑损伤昏迷患者中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的探讨呼唤式护理干预在重型颅脑损伤昏迷患者中的应用效果。方法本文对75例重型颅脑损伤昏迷患者随机分为观察组39例和对照组36例。对照组按神经外科护理常规进行护理,观察组在常规护理的基础上加用呼唤式护理干预。结果观察组患者转清醒时间明显缩短(P〈0.01),转清醒例数明显增多(P〈0.05),家属的满意度提高(P〈0.05),COS评分优于对照组(P〈0.01)。结论呼唤式护理干预在重型颅脑损伤昏迷患者的应用,不仅起到很有效的催醒作用,减少了致残率,提高生存质量;而且体现了人文关怀,提高了家属的满意度,促进了家属的参与,有利于营造共同参与型医学模式。 相似文献
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D Neumeier W Prellwitz U Würzburg M Brundobler M Olbermann M Just H-JKnedel H Lang 《Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry》1976,73(3):445-451
This is a new method for the determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum. The method uses direct activity measurement of creatine kinase B subunit activity after blocking of CK-M subunit activity by inhibiting antibodies. The test takes no longer than 15 min. The method yields an intra-serial C.V. of 2.0-12.9%, and a C.V. from day to day of 5.5%. The detection limit is 3.4 U/l creatine kinase MB. In the 95 cases with proven myocardial infarction several types of creatine kinase MB activity kinetics could be determined. The percentage of creatine kinase MB of peak CK-total is 6-25%, with a mean of 11.1%. The amount of creatine kinase MB with respect to total CK activity after reinfarction is higher than the amount after initial infarction. 相似文献
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Although substantial evidence suggests that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) implements processes that are critical for accurate episodic memory judgments, the specific roles of different PFC subregions remain unclear. Here, we used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to distinguish between prefrontal activity related to operations that (1) influence processing of retrieval cues based on current task demands, or (2) are involved in monitoring the outputs of retrieval. Fourteen participants studied auditory words spoken by a male or female speaker and completed memory tests in which the stimuli were unstudied foil words and studied words spoken by either the same speaker at study, or the alternate speaker. On "general" test trials, participants were to determine whether each word was studied, regardless of the voice of the speaker, whereas on "specific" test trials, participants were to additionally distinguish between studied words that were spoken in the same voice or a different voice at study. Thus, on specific test trials, participants were explicitly required to attend to voice information in order to evaluate each test item. Anterior (right BA 10), dorsolateral prefrontal (right BA 46), and inferior frontal (bilateral BA 47/12) regions were more active during specific than during general trials. Activation in anterior and dorsolateral PFC was enhanced during specific test trials even in response to unstudied items, suggesting that activation in these regions was related to the differential processing of retrieval cues in the two tasks. In contrast, differences between specific and general test trials in inferior frontal regions (bilateral BA 47/12) were seen only for studied items, suggesting a role for these regions in post-retrieval monitoring processes. Results from this study are consistent with the idea that different PFC subregions implement distinct, but complementary processes that collectively support accurate episodic memory judgments. 相似文献
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目的 探讨俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张术(RM)治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者的治疗作用.方法 从海拔2260m的地区医院筛选RM治疗无效的41例ARDS患者[平均氧合指数( PaO2/FiO2)较RM前升高<20%视为RM无效],依不同病因分为肺内源性ARDS组(ARDSp组)和肺外源性ARDS组(ARDSexp组),每组再按信封法随机分为俯卧位组和仰卧位组,即ARDSp俯卧位组(11例)、ARDSp仰卧位组(9例)、ARDSexp俯卧位组(10例)、ARDSexp仰卧位组(11例).在通气前及通气1、2、3、4h监测动脉血氧分压( PaO2)、PaO2/FiO2、静态顺应性(Cst)、气道阻力(Raw)的变化.结果 通气lh时,ARDSexp俯卧位组PaO2/FiO2( mm Hg,l mm Hg=0.133 kPa)即较通气前显著升高(157.4±40.6比129.3±48.7,P<0.05),并随通气时间延长呈持续增高趋势,4h达峰值(219.1 ±41.1);且ARDSexp俯卧位组通气3h内PaO2/FiO2较其他3组显著增高,另3组间则差异无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组、ARDSexp俯卧位组通气4h时PaO2/FiO2均较相应仰卧位组显著增高(208.8±39.7比127.4±47.1,219.1±41.1比124.9±50.8,均P<0.05).4组通气前后Cst无显著改变,各组间差异也无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组通气4h时Raw(cmH2O·L-1·s-1)较通气前显著降低(6.8±1.7比10.7±1.8,P<0.05),且明显低于其他3组;其他3组各时间点Raw组内及组间比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 俯卧位通气作为ARDS机械通气重要策略之一,可以改善RM无效高原ARDS患者的氧合,为抢救患者赢得宝贵的时间. 相似文献
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《Minimally invasive therapy & allied technologies》2013,22(5-6):408-415
The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in the USA operates a network of 172 medical centres which all utilize a hospital information system (HIS) which has been developed and is currently maintained by the VA. During the past several years, an image management and communication module has been developed, installed and clinically utilized at the Washington DC and Maryland VA Medical Centres. This image management and communication system, referred to as the decentralized hospital computer program (DHCP) imaging system, is fully integrated with a commercial picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The system is utilized to capture, archive, and display all images generated within the hospital including radiology, nuclear medicine, pathology, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and dermatology, intraoperative photographs, ECG data, and a limited number of paper documents. The ultimate goal of the project is to have all patient text and image data available at any clinical workstation to any authorized user anywhere within the network of medical centres. Clinical requirements for an imaging workstation include ease of use, rapid and reliable access to the complete set of patient information, and images which are of acceptable quality to meet the requirements of the user and the subspecialty. Patient confidentiality and data security must be safeguarded at all times. Integration of the images with the remainder of the patient's database was found to be critical to the success of the project. The experience at the Washington and Maryland facilities suggests that an imaging system that is successfully integrated with a hospital information system can provide substantial clinical and economic benefits both within and among medical centres. Clinical acceptance and utilization of the system has been excellent, particularly in diagnostic radiology where DHCP Imaging has been interfaced to a commercial PAC system. Based upon this initial experience, the VA has begun to deploy the system throughout its large network of medical centres. 相似文献
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Myocardial elastography at both high temporal and spatial resolution for the detection of infarcts 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Myocardial elastography is a novel method for noninvasively assessing regional myocardial function, with the advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this paper, in-vivo experiments were performed in anesthetized normal and infarcted mice (one day after left anterior descending coronary artery [LAD] ligation) using a high-resolution (30 MHz) ultrasound system (Vevo 770, VisualSonics Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada). Radiofrequency (RF) signals of the left ventricle (LV) in longitudinal (long-axis) view and the associated electrocardiogram (ECG) were simultaneously acquired. Using a retrospective ECG gating technique, 2-D full field-of-view RF frames were acquired at an extremely high frame rate (8 kHz) that resulted in high-quality incremental displacement and strain estimation of the myocardium. The incremental results were further accumulated to obtain the cumulative displacements and strains. Two-dimensional and M-mode displacement images and strain images (elastograms), as well as displacement and strain profiles as a function of time, were compared between normal and infarcted mice. Incremental results clearly depicted cardiac events including LV contraction, LV relaxation and isovolumetric phases in both normal and infarcted mice, and also evidently indicated reduced motion and deformation in the infarcted myocardium. The elastograms indicated that the infarcted regions underwent thinning during systole rather than thickening, as in the normal case. The cumulative elastograms were found to have higher elastographic SNR (SNR(e)) than the incremental elastograms (e.g., 10.6 vs. 4.7 in a normal myocardium, and 6.0 vs. 2.4 in an infarcted myocardium). Finally, preliminary statistical results from nine normal (m = 9) and seven infarcted (n = 7) mice indicated the capability of the cumulative strain in differentiating infracted from normal myocardia. In conclusion, myocardial elastography could provide regional strain information at simultaneously high temporal (>/=0.125 ms) and spatial ( approximately 55 microm) resolution as well as high precision ( approximately 0.05 microm displacement). This technique was thus capable of accurately characterizing normal myocardial function throughout an entire cardiac cycle, at the same high resolution, and detecting and localizing myocardial infarction in vivo. 相似文献
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Cameron Crandall MD Lenora Olson MA Lynne Fullerton MA David Sklar MD Ross Zumwalt MD 《Academic emergency medicine》1997,4(4):263-267
Objective: To identify patterns of nonfatal and fatal penetrating trauma among children and adults in New Mexico using ED and medical examiner data.
Methods: The authors retrospectively sampled in 5-year intervals all victims of penetrating trauma who presented to either the state Level-1 trauma center or the state medical examiner from a 16-year period (1978–1993). Rates of nonfatal and fatal firearm and stabbing injury were compared for children and adults.
Results: Rates of nonfatal injury were similar (firearm, 34.3 per 100,000 person-years; stabbing, 35.1). However, rates of fatal injury were significantly different (firearm, 21.9; stabbing, 2.7; relative risk: 8.2; 95% confidence interval: 5.4, 12.5). From 1978 to 1993, nonfatal injury rates increased for children (p = 0.0043) and adults (p < 0.0001), while fatal penetrating injury remained constant. The increase in nonfatal injury in children resulted from increased firearm injury rates. In adults, both stabbing and firearm nonfatal injury rates increased.
Conclusions: Nonfatal injury data suggest that nonfatal violence has increased; fatal injury data suggest that violent death rates have remained constant. Injury patterns vary by age, mechanism of trauma, and data source. These results suggest that ED and medical examiner data differ and that both are needed to guide injury prevention programs. 相似文献
Methods: The authors retrospectively sampled in 5-year intervals all victims of penetrating trauma who presented to either the state Level-1 trauma center or the state medical examiner from a 16-year period (1978–1993). Rates of nonfatal and fatal firearm and stabbing injury were compared for children and adults.
Results: Rates of nonfatal injury were similar (firearm, 34.3 per 100,000 person-years; stabbing, 35.1). However, rates of fatal injury were significantly different (firearm, 21.9; stabbing, 2.7; relative risk: 8.2; 95% confidence interval: 5.4, 12.5). From 1978 to 1993, nonfatal injury rates increased for children (p = 0.0043) and adults (p < 0.0001), while fatal penetrating injury remained constant. The increase in nonfatal injury in children resulted from increased firearm injury rates. In adults, both stabbing and firearm nonfatal injury rates increased.
Conclusions: Nonfatal injury data suggest that nonfatal violence has increased; fatal injury data suggest that violent death rates have remained constant. Injury patterns vary by age, mechanism of trauma, and data source. These results suggest that ED and medical examiner data differ and that both are needed to guide injury prevention programs. 相似文献
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Delineating the Concept of Hope 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
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Toxicity of naturally occurring purine deoxyribonucleosides 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2