护理干预对尿毒症病人家属焦虑及抑郁的影响

[目的]探讨护理干预对尿毒症病人家属焦虑、抑郁的影响。[方法]将尿毒症病人家属103人随机分成对照组(n=50)和干预组(n=53),对照组给予一般指导,干预组给予护理干预,观察两组焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分变化。[结果]干预后干预组的SAS、SDS评分明显低于干预前且低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]护理干预可明显改善尿毒症病人家属的焦虑和抑郁情绪。     

护理干预对尿毒症病人家属焦虑及抑郁的影响

[目的]探讨护理干预对尿毒症病人家属焦虑、抑郁的影响。[方法]将尿毒症病人家属103人随机分成对照组（n=50）和干预组（n=53）,对照组给予一般指导,干预组给予护理干预,观察两组焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）评分变化。[结果]干预后干预组的 SAS、SDS评分明显低于干预前且低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。[结论]护理干预可明显改善尿毒症病人家属的焦虑和抑郁情绪。     

AIDS病人家属焦虑、抑郁情况分析及对策

目的：调查分析AIDS病人家属焦虑、抑郁情况及影响因素，探讨其应对策略。方法：采用集中问卷方式对25名MDS病人家属焦虑、抑郁、恐惧情况及影响因素进行调查。结果：AIDS病人家属这一特殊的群体普遍存在着不同程度的焦虑、抑郁、恐惧症状。焦虑、抑郁的主要原因：MDS具有传染性；住院所致的生活不便；缺乏社会、家庭支持系统；担心病人病情进展与预后；家庭经济困难、担心治疗费用高；缺乏相关医学知识、对治疗情况不清楚；对医院有误解、医护人员不关心或语言伤害等。结论：必须高度重视MDS病人家属的心理状况，采取积极有效的措施，缓解他们的精神与心理压力，使其成为病人的坚强支持者。     

急性病人家属焦虑、抑郁的分析及对策

目的 调查分析基层医院急性病人家属焦虑、抑郁的情况及影响因素,探讨其应对策略.方法 采用集中问卷方式对50例基层医院急性病人家属的焦虑、抑郁的情况及其影响因素进行调查.结果 基层医院急性病人家属这一特殊而又广大的群体普遍存在不同程度的焦虑、抑郁症状.焦虑、抑郁的主要原因为:住院所致的生活不便;缺乏社会、家庭支持系统;担心病人病情进展与预后;家庭经济困难、担心治疗费高;缺乏相关医学知识、对治疗情况不清楚;对医院有误解;医护人员不关心或语言伤害等.结论 必须高度重视基层急性病人家属的心理状况,采取积极有效的措施,缓解他们的精神和心理压力,使其成为病人的坚强支持者.     

我国恶性肿瘤病人家属焦虑和抑郁相关因素的研究现状

随着恶性肿瘤发病率的逐年上升,恶性肿瘤病人家属的身心健康引起了广泛关注。了解恶性肿瘤病人家属焦虑、抑郁相关的因素,可为其科学心理指导提供理论依据。本文就恶性肿瘤病人家属焦虑和抑郁相关因素进行了综述。     

狂犬病病人家属焦虑特点及干预对策

目的分析狂犬病病人家属焦虑的特点,探讨护理对策。方法采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）和自制问卷调查表,对60例狂犬病病人家属进行测评,分析不同类别家属的焦虑特点及影响因素。结果狂犬病病人家属中女性、高中以下文化程度和对疾病知识不了解的焦虑水平高（P〈0.01）,多元逐步回归分析也显示：性别、文化程度以及对狂犬病知识的了解程度是影响焦虑水平的因素（P〈0.01）。结论狂犬病病人家属均存在不同程度的焦虑反应,狂犬病的护理对象不仅应包括病人,还应包括病人家属,护理时应侧重于女性、文化程度低和疾病知识缺乏者。     

机械通气前病人家属焦虑程度调查分析

目的:了解机械通气前病人家属焦虑程度.方法:采用Zung焦虑自评量表对95例机械通气前病人家属进行谈话调查,筛选出主要心理问题,采取相应护理对策.结果:解除了病人家属焦虑情绪,使病人积极配合医护人员接受机械通气治疗.结论:加强与病人家属的沟通,及时使病人家属了解病人病情动态变化,辅助医护人员进行支持性心理护理,可有效缓解及降低病人家属的焦虑程度,有利于促进病人尽早康复.     

地震创伤住院患者康复期焦虑抑郁情绪调查

目的调查地震创伤住院患者康复期焦虑、抑郁情绪情况。方法采用医院焦虑抑郁量表（HAD）,于震后1个半月时对在院的68例地震创伤住院患者进行调查。结果被调查的68例患者中,焦虑、抑郁的发生率分别为32．35％、33．82％,焦虑并抑郁发生率19．12％：焦虑抑郁总的发生率达到61．76％。抑郁的发生与患者的年龄及治疗方式相关。结论地震创伤住院患者康复期的焦虑、抑郁反应是值得重视的现象,护理过程中要加强这些负性情绪的处理。     

急性肠梗阻患者家属焦虑抑郁情绪状况调查

目的 调查急性肠梗阻患者住院48 h内家属的焦虑抑郁情绪状况.方法 对174名急性肠梗阻患者家属采用一般资料调查表、焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表进行测评分析.结果 急性肠梗阻患者家属焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表评分显著高于全国常模(P＜0.01);不同性别、年龄和受教育程度的家属焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表评分差异均有显著性(P＜0.01);急诊手术组患者家属焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表评分均显著高于保守治疗组患者家属(P＜0.01).结论 急性肠梗阻患者家属存在较严重的焦虑抑郁心理应激反应,其中女性、受教育程度低、老年家属及需要急诊手术患者的家属焦虑抑郁情绪明显.     

造血干细胞移植患者亲属焦虑和抑郁倾向的调查及护理干预

目的调查造血干细胞移植患者亲属焦虑和抑郁倾向,提出护理干预措施。方法采用焦虑、抑郁自评量表对60位造血干细胞移植患者亲属及60位非造血干细胞移植患者亲属进行焦虑和抑郁评分并比较;自制影响患者亲属心理健康因素问卷表对干细胞移植患者亲属进行调查。结果造血干细胞移植患者亲属存在明显的焦虑、抑郁情绪,与非造血干细胞移植患者亲属比较差异有统计学意义;影响造血干细胞移植患者亲属心理健康的主要因素是对患者病情反复及预后的担忧、医疗费用负担重、照料患者时间长等。结论造血干细胞移植患者亲属存在严重心理问题,护理人员在护理患者同时应对其亲属进行护理干预。     

Pain and the onset of depressive and anxiety disorders

Patients with pain may be at increased risk of developing a first episode of depressive or anxiety disorder. Insight into possible associations between specific pain characteristics and such a development could help clinicians to improve prevention and treatment strategies. The objectives of this study were to examine the impact of pain symptomatology on depression and anxiety onset and to determine whether these associations are independent of subthreshold depressive and anxiety symptoms. Data from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety, collected between 2004 and 2011, were used. A total of 614 participants with no previous history and no current depression or anxiety at baseline were followed up for 4 years. Onset of depressive or anxiety disorder was assessed at 2- and 4-year follow-up by Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Baseline pain characteristics were location, duration, and severity, as assessed by chronic pain grade. Onset of depressive or anxiety disorder occurred in 15.5% of participants. Using Cox survival analyses, onset of depression and anxiety was associated with 6 pain locations (neck, back, head, orofacial area, abdomen, and joints; hazard ratio [HR] = 1.96 to 4.02; P < .05), increasing number of pain locations (HR = 1.29; P < .001), and higher severity of pain (HR = 1.57; P < .001). By contrast, there was no association with duration of pain symptoms (HR = 1.47; P = .12). Independent of subthreshold affective symptoms, only joint pain and increasing number of pain locations were still significantly associated with depression and anxiety onset. Clinicians should be aware that regardless of affective symptoms, pain, particularly at multiple locations, is a risk indicator for developing depressive and anxiety disorders.     

急诊颅脑手术患者家属焦虑相关因素调查分析

目的调查急诊颅脑手术患者家属在陪护患者住院期间的焦虑情况及相关因素,以寻求帮助患者家属减轻焦虑的应对措施。方法对50例急诊颅脑手术患者家属进行问卷调查。结果急诊颅脑手术患者家属焦虑与环境因素、服务因素、病人的预后、医疗费用、疾病知识的缺乏等因素有关,家属对焦虑症状应对不良。结论通过加强ICU病房的管理,加强与患者家属沟通,提高病人对医务人员的信任度、完善收费制度和加强健康教育等措施,能帮助患者家属减轻焦虑症状,使患者获得更有效的社会支持,有利于患者的救治和康复。     

首次入院精神病患者家属焦虑的相关因素调查及护理干预

目的探讨首次入院精神病患者家属焦虑情绪的相关因素以及护理干预的方法。方法应用焦虑自评量表(SAS)对300例首次入院精神病患者的家属进行焦虑状况调查,测评结果行自身对照,与SAS常模对照。应用自编问卷调查家属焦虑的相关因素,应用自编问卷,调查家属焦虑的相关因素,并实施针对性的护理干预。结果首次入院精神病患者家属SAS评分显著高于国内常模(P<0.01),焦虑与疾病知识缺乏、住院环境陌生、经济负担过重等8项因素有关;护理干预后家属的焦虑情绪明显减轻,干预前后差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。结论在精神病患者入院时,重视患者家属的心理状态,对家属实施有针对性的护理干预,可减轻患者家属的焦虑情绪,减少对患者的负面影响。     

护理干预对肺癌化疗患者家属焦虑情绪的影响

目的：探讨护理干预对肺癌化疗患者家属焦虑情绪的影响。方法：对76例肺癌患者家属在患者化疗前、化疗时进行心理及认知干预,并于护理干预前后采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）对患者家属的焦虑状况进行测评。结果：76例患者家属SAS评分经过心理及认知干预后,显著低于干预前的评分（P〈0.01）。结论：对肺癌化疗患者家属进行有效的护理干预能缓解其焦虑情绪,对肺癌患者的持续治疗有着积极的帮助作用。     

应用健康信念模式改善骨科病人术后焦虑抑郁状态的临床研究

目的：探讨应用健康信念模式进行健康教育,改善骨科病人术后的焦虑、抑郁状态。方法：将150例骨科术后病人随机分为实验组75例和对照组75例,分别采取健康信念模式进行健康教育和常规健康教育方法,分别于手术第1d和手术后第8d进行评定。结果：两组病人的焦虑、抑郁状态于手术后第1d和手术后第8d有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论：应用健康信念模式能有效地改善骨科术后病人的焦虑、抑郁状态,有利于术后病人的康复。     

Impact of pain on the course of depressive and anxiety disorders

The combination of pain and depression or anxiety is commonly seen in clinical practice. Little is known about the influence of pain on psychopathology over time, as previous studies have been mainly cross-sectional. The objectives of this study are to determine the impact of pain on the course of depressive and/or anxiety disorders, and investigate to what extent the association between pain and course of these mental disorders is mediated by psychiatric characteristics. Data from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA), collected between 2004 and 2009, were used. A total of 1209 participants with a depressive and/or anxiety disorder at baseline were followed up for 2 years. Baseline pain was assessed by location, duration, use of pain medication, and severity (based on Chronic Pain Grade). Course of depressive and anxiety disorders was assessed by Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) and Life Chart Interview. A higher number of pain locations (OR = 1.10; P = .008), joint pain (OR = 1.64; P < .001), ?90 days of pain (OR = 1.40; P = .009), daily use of pain medication (OR = 1.57; P = .047), and a higher Chronic Pain Grade score (OR = 1.27; P < .001) were associated with worse course of depressive and anxiety disorders. These associations were largely mediated by baseline severity of the mental disorder. However, joint pain remained associated with a worse course independent of baseline psychiatric characteristics. This study shows that patients with pain are more prone to a chronic course of depressive and anxiety disorders. More attention to pain seems to be necessary when diagnosing and treating these disorders. Future research should focus on treatment modalities for this co-occurrence, with joint pain in particular.     

Association of auditory hallucination and anxiety symptoms with depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia: A three-month follow-up

This study was to investigate the association of auditory hallucinations and anxiety symptoms with depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia for three months. The participants (N?=?189) were evaluated using Characteristics of Auditory Hallucination Questionnaire (CAHQ), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Beck Depression Inventory-II. Forty-two participants suffered from depressive symptoms at both baseline and 3-month follow-up. Higher CAHQ and BAI at both periods predicted depressive symptoms at three-month end. Being male, increased severity of CAHQ and BAI were risk factors of depressive symptoms. Psychiatric professionals must educate patients to manage auditory hallucinations and anxiety symptoms to decrease depressive symptoms.     

老年卧床不起患者焦虑抑郁情绪的调查分析

目的探讨老年卧床不起患者焦虑抑郁情绪的临床特点。方法对卧床不起老年患者94例和非卧床不起老年患者121例,采用自制结构式问卷进行心理健康状况的调查。调查内容包括:自拟个人基本情况调查表、焦虑自评量表、老年抑郁量表。结果病例组焦虑总标准分(51.87±8.31)、抑郁总分(12.53±6.28)均显著高于对照组(40.55±10.06和7.05±4.71,P<0.01);病例组SAS量表显示的20项症状中最常见的8项症状依次为:睡眠障碍、不幸预测、乏力、尿频、静坐不能、呼吸困难、多汗、焦虑;两组GDS量表的烦躁不安、退缩/冷漠/活力、绝望、忧虑、激惹、认知损害等6项因子分均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论老年卧床不起患者伴发焦虑、抑郁负性情绪多见,症状多不典型。     

连续非卧床腹膜透析患者家庭社会支持与抑郁的相关性研究

目的 研究连续非卧床腹膜透析(CAPD)患者家庭社会支持和抑郁的关系,旨在提高患者生活质量.方法 随机抽取经双联系统进行腹膜透析的患者29例,应用自评抑郁量表(SDS)、家庭功能问卷 (Family APGAR) 和社会支持评定量表(SSRS)进行测评调查.结果 CAPD患者轻微至轻度抑郁状态为13.8%,中度为27.6%,重度为10.3%.抑郁与家庭功能、社会支持有相关性.结论 抑郁状态在腹膜透析患者中常见,家庭适应性、社会主观支持维度等是影响抑郁的重要因素.需加强腹膜透析患者及家属对抑郁的认知和健康宣教,提高患者生活质量.