Central injection of astressin inhibits carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury in rats

The effect of intracisternal astressin, a specific and potent corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)₁ and CRF₂ receptor antagonist on carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced acute liver injury was investigated in rats. Intracisternal astressin inhibited the elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase level induced by CCl₄. Intracisternal astressin also reduced CCl₄-induced liver histological changes. The protective effect of central astressin on CCl₄-induced liver damage was abolished by sympathectomy but not by hepatic branch vagotomy. These findings demonstrate that astressin acts in the central nervous system to induce hepatic cytoprotection, possibly through the sympathetic pathways in rats. These results further establish a role of endogenous CRF in the brain in hepatic pathophysiological regulation.     

Methyl mercury-induced combined inhibition of atp regeneration and protein synthesis in reticulocyte lysate cell-free translation system

Methyl mercury inhibits in vitro protein synthesis in the rabbit reticulocyte lysate cell-free translation system and simultaneously leads to reduction of the ATP/ADP index. It has been established that there is a close relationship (r = 0.86) between the rates of ATP resynthesis and protein synthesis in vitro within a wide range of the methyl mercury concentrations tested (0.0001-1.0 μmol/ml). Ammonia, CCl₄, cycloheximide and pactamycin inhibit translation in vitro without affecting ATP resynthesis. Methanol does not cause substantial alterations of the parameters of the cell-free translation system. Thus, there are at least two essentially different causes of poison-induced in vitro translation blocking. Suppression of ATP resynthesis (methyl mercury) and direct effect on protein synthesis (cycloheximide, CCl₄, etc.)     

Ketoprofen glucuronidation and bile excretion in carbon tetrachloride and alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate induced hepatic injury rats

A pharmacokinetic study was carried out in rats to investigate the effects of experimental hepatic injury on the liver glucuronidation and bile excretion of ketoprofen (KP) and its glucuronides (KPGs). In vivo, KP (20 mg/kg b.w.) was intravenously administered to carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) or alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) induced hepatic injury male rats. Concentrations of KP and its glucuronides (S-KPG and R-KPG) in plasma and bile were determined by RP-HPLC. It was observed that there was significant difference in the accumulative bile excretion of KPGs between the CCl₄ intoxicated rats and the normal rats (54 ± 18.3% versus 90 ± 6.9%), while it was extremely inhibited in ANIT intoxicated rats (2.0 ± 3.1% versus 90 ± 6.9%). As the result of reduction of KPGs excreted in bile, the area under the curve (AUC_(0–∞)) of KP and KPGs were higher in blood in CCl₄ and ANIT hepatic injury rats than those of the normal rats. Specifically, ANIT caused approximately 10-fold elevation of AUC_(0–∞) of plasma S-KPG. In microsomal incubations experiment, the glucuronyltransferase activity was impaired in CCl₄ and ANIT intoxicated rats. It suggested that the glucuronyltransferase activity was impaired in CCl₄ and ANIT intoxicated rats, while the bile excretion function was suppressed extremely in ANIT intoxicated rats.     

Antioxidant activity of the oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, on CCl4-induced liver injury in rats

This study was undertaken to investigate the putative antioxidant activity of the oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus on CCl₄-induced liver damage in male Wistar rats. Intraperitoneal administration of CCl₄ (2 ml/kg) to rats for 4 days resulted in significantly elevated (p < 0.05) serum levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), glutamic pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and alkaline phosphatase (SALP) compared to controls. In the liver, significantly elevated levels (p < 0.05) of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lowered levels (p < 0.05) of reduced glutathione (GSH) were observed following CCl₄ administration. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) revealed lower activities of these antioxidant enzymes in the liver of CCl₄-administered rats. An analysis of the isozyme pattern of these enzymes revealed variations in relative concentration presumably due to hepatotoxicity. When rats with CCl₄-induced hepatotoxicity were treated with the extract of P. ostreatus, the serum SGOT, SGPT and SALP levels reverted to near normal, while the hepatic concentration of GSH, CAT, SOD and Gpx were significantly increased (p < 0.05) and that of MDA significantly (p < 0.05) lowered, when compared to CCl₄-exposed untreated rats. Histopathological studies confirmed the hepatoprotective effect conferred by the extract of P. ostreatus. These results suggest that an extract of P. ostreatus is able to significantly alleviate the hepatotoxicity induced by CCl₄ in the rat.     

基于MAPK信号通路研究4-羟基苯并恶唑-2-酮抗肝纤维化的作用机制

目的： 探讨4-羟基苯并恶唑-2-酮（HBOA）对四氯化碳（CCl₄）诱导的大鼠肝纤维化的保护作用。方法： 采用CCl₄橄榄油溶液灌胃建立大鼠肝纤维化模型。第8周确定建模成功后,将雄性SD大鼠随机分成正常对照组,模型对照组,秋水仙碱阳性药组,HBOA高、中、低药物组。从第9周起,相应药物干预4周后,测定血清中总蛋白（TP）,白蛋白（Alb）的含量以及肝组织中羟脯氨酸（Hyp）的含量;免疫组织法检测肝组织中α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）蛋白含量的表达;Westerns blot法检测肝组织中MAPK,P-MAPK,P38的蛋白含量的表达。结果： 与模型组相比,HBOA可降低肝纤维化大鼠血清TP、Alb水平（P<0.01）以及肝组织中Hyp水平（P<0.01）,HBOA高中低剂量组显著降低大鼠肝组织中的α-SMA蛋白的表达（P<0.01）,并显著下调MAPK,P-MAPK,P38的蛋白表达水平（P<0.01）。结论： HBOA对CCl₄诱导的肝纤维化大鼠有一定的改善作用,通过抑制MAPK的信号通路,显著减轻了CCl₄诱导的纤维化。     

Evaluation of sex difference in tissue repair following acute carbon tetrachloride toxicity in male and female Sprague–Dawley rats

Cellular regeneration and tissue repair greatly influence the outcome of acute carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) hepatotoxicity. This study examined the temporal kinetics of cellular regeneration and tissue repair processes in male and female Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats following an acute CCl₄ exposure (0.8 ml/kg, i.p.). In female rats, hepatic damage peaked at 24 h following the treatment and was 2.5-fold (AST 2.7-fold, ALT 2.3 fold) greater than the damage observed in male rats. The hepatic damage in male rats appeared to peak by 3 h post-exposure and did not significantly change through the 36-h time-point. The activity of cytochrome P 4502E1 was 20% greater in male rats and did not correlate with the magnitude of hepatic damage. Morphometric analysis of cell cycle indices revealed that cellular regeneration was significantly greater in female rats as compared to male rats at 48 h and corresponded proportionally to the extent of liver damage. This study demonstrated that female SD rats respond more severely to acute CCl₄ hepatotoxicity than male SD rats and the extent of tissue repair and cellular regeneration was greater in female rats. Furthermore, our results suggest that tissue repair is unlikely to result in accounting for the different responses exhibited by male and female SD rats to CCl₄ hepatotoxicity.     

Effect of Aerva lanata against hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride in rats

The partially purified petroleum ether extractable fraction of the whole plant Aerva lanata (PF) was evaluated for the protective effect against liver damage induced by carbon tetra chloride (CCl₄) in Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were orally administered with PF (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight) for 14 days before CCl₄ challenge and 100 mg of PF alone for toxicity analysis without CCl₄ administration. The results showed that CCl₄ administration significantly damaged the liver as evident from histopathology and very high activity of serum and liver marker enzymes. It also reduced the antioxidant enzyme status of the animals. PF administration significantly reversed the histopathological changes and restored the elevated activities of liver marker enzymes and also enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activities. The extract also reduced hepatic lipid peroxidation and increased the serum total protein and albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of PF showed the presence of alkaloids. These observations clearly indicate that PF contains antioxidant alkaloids capable of ameliorating the CCl₄-induced hepatic injury by virtue of its antioxidant activity.     

Protective effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in mice

This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of the phenethyl ester of caffeic acid (CAPE) against carbon tetrachoride (CCl₄)-induced hepatotoxicities in mice. Pretreatment with CAPE prior to administration of CCl₄ significantly prevented the increases in serum alanine, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities, hepatic lipid peroxidation formation, and depletion of glutathione content. In addition, CAPE prevented CCl₄-induced apoptosis and necrosis, as indicated by liver histopathology and DNA laddering studies. To determine whether the Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) pathway is involved in CCl₄-induced acute liver injury, Fas and FasL proteins and caspase-3 and -8 activities were tested by western blotting and ELISA. CAPE markedly decreased CCl₄-induced Fas/FasL protein expression levels and, in turn, attenuated CCl₄-induced caspase-3 and -8 activities in mouse liver. Moreover, the effect of CAPE on CYP2E1, the major isozyme involved in CCl₄ bioactivation, was investigated. Treatment with CAPE significantly decreased the CYP2E1-dependent hydroxylation of aniline. In addition, CAPE attenuated the CCl₄-mediated depletion of antioxidant enzyme (catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione-S-transferase) activities. These findings suggest that the protective effects of CAPE against CCl₄-induced acute liver injury may involve its ability to block CYP2El-mediated CCl₄ bioactivation and to protect against Fas/FasL-mediated apoptosis.     

丹参多酚酸盐通过TGF-β1/Smad和PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路抑制大鼠肝纤维化的进展

目的：探索丹参多酚酸盐对四氯化碳诱导的大鼠肝纤维化的防治作用及其作用机制。方法：将雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组（空白组）、CCl₄模型组（模型组）、丹参多酚酸盐低剂量组（低剂量组）和丹参多酚酸盐高剂量组（高剂量组）,每组12只。采用1 mL·kg^-1每周2次的剂量给予大鼠灌胃CCl₄-橄榄油（1：1）溶液诱导建立肝纤维化模型,治疗组大鼠在建模的同时分别每日1次腹腔注射丹参多酚酸盐15,30 mg·kg^-1。7周处死大鼠,观察大鼠肝脏大体形态;HE和Masson三色染色检测肝组织病理学变化;全自动生化分析仪检测大鼠肝功能指标,包括总胆红素（TBIL）、谷草转氨酶（AST）及谷丙转氨酶（ALT）;放射免疫法测定四项肝纤维化指标,包括透明质酸（HA）、层黏蛋白（LN）、Ⅲ型前胶原肽（PⅢP）和Ⅳ型胶原（CIV）;实时定量PCR法测定肝组织中α-SMA、MMP-1、TIMP-1、Collagen Ⅰ和Collagen Ⅲ基因表达的水平;Western blot检测肝脏组织中TGF-β1、Smad2/3、Smad7、p-PI3K、p-AKT、p-mTOR等蛋白的表达。结果：与模型组相比,丹参多酚酸盐能够显著降低大鼠肝功能和肝纤维化指标,并改善大鼠肝纤维化程度;与此同时,丹参多酚酸盐能够抑制肝组织中TGF-β1/Smad和PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路,且能够通过调节细胞外基质的合成和降解来抑制肝纤维化的进展。结论：丹参多酚酸盐可通过调节TGF-β1/Smad和PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路发挥抗肝纤维化的作用。     

Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of baicalin against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity

Scutellaria baicalensis is widely cultivated in eastern Asia, particularly in China. In the present study, we isolated baicalin from this plant and studied for its hepatoprotective activity against CCl₄-induced oxidative damage in rats. Our findings revealed that baicalin exhibited strong antioxidant activity in vitro. In established in vivo tests, baicalin showed effective protective effects by reducing the elevated levels of glutamate pyruvate transaminase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TB) and malondialdehyde (MDA) against CCl₄-induced damage, and it restored the activities antioxidant defense substances, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH), toward their normal levels. These data were supplemented with histopathological examination of rat liver sections. The results demonstrated that baicalin could be proposed to protect the liver against CCl₄-induced oxidative damage in rats, and the possible underlying mechanism of the activity could be due to its free radical-scavenging and antioxidant activity.     

Investigation into the mechanism of tetracycline-induced steatosis: study in isolated hepatocytes

Tetracycline is known to cause hepatic dysfunction in humans by inducing steatosis. Accumulation of fat in the liver could result from biochemical effects at various levels in the sequence from protein and triglyceride synthesis to lipoprotein secretion. The effects of tetracycline on the synthesis and secretion of triglycerides and proteins were studied in isolated rat hepatocytes surviving in suspension for up to 2.5 hr. Interpretation of the results obtained for tetracycline was made by comparison with results obtained, under the same experimental conditions, for the well-known steatogenic compounds, cycloheximide and colchicine. The data indicate that tetracycline produces a concentration-dependent inhibition of 14C-triglyceride secretion without affecting triglyceride synthesis. This inhibition explains the intracellular triglyceride accumulation. However, tetracycline does not affect protein secretion. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the effect of tetracycline on protein synthesis was not related to inhibition of triglyceride release. In conclusion, it is proposed that the effect of tetracycline could be at the level of the association between triglycerides and apoproteins to form lipoproteins.     

Ameliorative action of cyanobacterial phycoerythrin on CCl(4)-induced toxicity in rats

Carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) is largely used as solvent in chemical industries. Carbon tetrachloride is also well known for hepatic and renal toxic actions. The in vivo metabolism of carbon tetrachloride to trichloromethyl (CCl₃) and peroxy trichloromethyl (OOCCl₃) radicals has been extensively reported to cause acute liver damage like cirrhosis, steatosis and necrosis. We have evaluated protective action of purified cyanobacterial phycoerythrin (C-PE) on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic and renal toxicity in male rats. Rats were orally treated with 25 and 50 mg/kg BW of C-PE along with CCl₄ (50% CCl₄, 0.5 ml/kg BW, intraperitoneally) for 28 consecutive days. Results demonstrated that C-PE dose-responsively ameliorates CCl₄-toxicity by significantly decreasing (P < 0.05) organs weight, aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, glucose, lipid profile, creatinine, uric acid and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations with rise in body weight, food intake, hemoglobin, protein, bilirubin and FRAP values. Neither C-PE nor CCl₄ influenced on serum minerals. Hepatic and renal tissues showed significant decline (P < 0.05) in malondialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxides and conjugated dienes with rise in SOD, catalase, GPx, GSH, vitamin-E and vitamin-C levels. Presently observed pharmacological effect on CCl₄ toxicity were from tetrapyrrole molecule and to some extent bilirubin biotransformations, as well as metabolic (dietary protein) actions of C-PE.     

Effect of carbon tetrachloride treatment on ethanol metabolism

Administration of a single dose (2.5 ml/kg body weight, p.o.) of carbon tetrachloride to rats was found to cause a marked decrease in activity of the hepatic microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS). As early as 6 hr after CCl₄ administration 50 per cent decrease of MEOS activity was observed; this decrease amounted to 58 and 63 per cent at 10 and 20 hr respectively. With identical CCl₄ treatment, there was no change in hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase activity. At 20 hr, when the reduction of MEOS was greatest, there was no significant effect of the CCl₄ on the rate of ethanol uptake by liver slices or on the rate of ethanol metabolism in vivo as measured in the whole body or as estimated from the rate of decrease of blood ethanol concentration. It is, therefore, suggested that MEOS does not play a significant role in ethanol metabolism in vivo in the rat.     

Fucoidan partly prevents CCl4-induced liver fibrosis

Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide extracted from brown algae, has a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and anti-tumor activities. In the present study, we investigated the effects of fucoidan on CCl₄-induced liver fibrosis. Administration of fucoidan reduced CCl₄-induced acute and chronic liver failure. Hepatic fibrosis induced by CCl₄ was also attenuated by injection of fucoidan. Damage to hepatocytes and activation of hepatic stellate cells are key events in liver fibrosis, and, interestingly, treatment of hepatocytes with fucoidan prevented CCl₄-induced cell death and inhibited the proliferation hepatic stellate cells. These results indicate that fucoidan might be a promising anti-fibrotic agent possessing dual functions, namely, protection of hepatocytes and inhibition of hepatic stellate cell proliferation.     

Protein deficiency and muscle damage in carbon tetrachloride induced liver cirrhosis

Protein undernutrition, alterations of hormones such as IGF-1, testosterone and cortisol, and increased lipid peroxidation—which may be related with deranged metabolism of some elements such as iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se) or copper (Cu)—may contribute to muscle damage in non alcoholic cirrhosis. Here, we analyse the effect of protein deficiency on muscle Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn and Se in carbon-tetrachloride (CCl₄) induced liver cirrhosis. We also study the association between protein undernutrition and these trace elements with the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipid peroxidation products, and how all these are related with muscle morphological changes in 40 male adult Sprague-Dawley rats. Liver cirrhosis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of CCl₄ to 10 rats fed a 2% protein diet, and to another 10 fed a 18% protein control diet. Two further groups included rats without cirrhosis fed the 2% protein and the 18% protein diets. After sacrifice (6 weeks later), we found type IIa fibre atrophy in the cirrhotic animals, especially in the low-protein fed ones and this was due to protein deficiency. Muscle Fe increased in low protein fed cirrhotic rats. No relationship was found between muscle changes and any of the hormones, enzymes and trace elements analysed, or with liver fibrosis. These results suggest that muscle atrophy observed in CCl₄-induced cirrhosis is related with protein deficiency, but not with cirrhosis itself.     

内毒素血症通过下调HNF4α表达加剧肝损伤

目的 探讨内毒素血症下调肝细胞核因子4α（HNF4α）表达介导肝损伤进展的机制。方法 144只BALB/c小鼠采用随机数字表法分组进行以下实验：（1）四氯化碳（CCl₄）诱导小鼠急性肝损伤。对照组和0.5 mL/kg、1.0 mL/kg、2.0 mL/kg CCl₄组。（2）筛选脂多糖（LPS）干预小鼠的剂量。对照组和0.1 mg/kg、0.5 mg/kg、2.5 mg/kg LPS组。（3）LPS干预CCl₄（1.0 mL/kg）诱导急性肝损伤模型小鼠。对照组、CCl₄组、0.1 mg/kg LPS+CCl₄组、0.5 mg/kg LPS+CCl₄组。每组12只。诱导24 h后处死小鼠,采用酶速率法检测血清丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）,重氮法检测总胆红素（TBil）水平;Western blot法检测肝组织HNF4α、胱天蛋白酶3剪切体（Cleaved caspase-3）蛋白表达;原位末端标记法检测肝细胞凋亡情况。结果 0.5、1.0、2.0 mL/kg CCl₄组的血清ALT、TBil及肝组织HNF4α、Cleaved caspase-3蛋白表达水平高于对照组,且呈剂量依赖性增高。2.5 mg/kg LPS组血清ALT、TBil及肝组织Cleaved caspase-3蛋白表达水平高于对照组和0.1、0.5 mg/kg LPS组,肝组织HNF4α蛋白表达水平低于对照组和0.1、0.5 mg/kg LPS组（P<0.05）。CCl₄组和0.1、0.5 mg/kg LPS+CCl₄组的血清ALT、TBil,肝组织HNF4α、Cleaved caspase-3蛋白表达水平及肝细胞凋亡指数均高于对照组（P<0.05）;0.1、0.5 mg/kg LPS+CCl₄组的血清ALT、TBil,肝组织Cleaved caspase-3蛋白表达水平及肝细胞凋亡指数高于CCl₄组,HNF4α蛋白表达水平低于CCl₄组（P<0.05）。结论 内毒素血症通过下调HNF4α表达增加肝细胞凋亡,可能是其介导肝损伤进展的机制之一。     

Fasting accelerates the in vivo metabolism of carbon tetrachloride in rats

Exposure of fed and fasted rats to CCl₄ vapor (114 ppm) for 6 h in a closed system increased serum enzyme activities (GOT, GPT, SDH) only in fasted animals. The in vivo metabolism of CCl₄, studied in the same system, was accelerated by fasting; the half-life of the elimination phase being reduced by approx. 33%. The enhanced susceptibility to CCl₄ induced by fasting seemed to be due to the accelerated bioactivation of CCl₄ to the toxic trichloromethyl free radical.     

头顶一颗珠醇提物对CCl4所致急性肝损伤的影响

目的： 探讨头顶一颗珠（Trillium tschonoskii Maxim.,TTM）对CCl₄诱导的大鼠急性肝损伤的影响。方法： 36只SD大鼠随机抽出6只为正常对照组,余予以腹腔注射5 mL·kg^-1的25% CCl₄花生油溶液进行造模,再随机将注射CCl₄的大鼠分为5组,分别为模型组,联苯双酯组（0.2 g·kg^-1）,头顶一颗珠低、中、高剂量组（0.1,0.5,1.0 g·kg^-1）,各治疗组大鼠予以相应药物灌胃5天后取材,计算各组的肝脏脏器系数,检测血清ALT、AST的活性,观察HE染色及Tunel检测结果,QPCR检测Caspase-3,Bax,Bcl-2 mRNA的表达。结果： 与模型组相比,TTM低、中、高组均能明显降低肝脏脏器系数及血清ALT、AST的活性。HE染色结果表明与模型组相比,TTM各治疗组均可减轻肝损伤。Tunel检测结果显示TTM各治疗组的凋亡细胞较模型组降低。QPCR结果显示TTM各剂量组都可降低Caspase-3、Bax mRNA的表达,增强Bcl-2 mRNA的表达。结论： TTM对CCl₄所致的大鼠急性肝损伤具有保护作用,该作用主要与降低肝细胞凋亡有关。     

腹腔和皮下注射CCl4致大鼠肝纤维化2种造模方法的比较及自愈性研究

目的:探究腹腔和皮下注射CCl₄建立大鼠肝纤维化模型的成模和自愈情况,确定较优的造模方法。方法:40只大鼠随机分成4组[正常对照组、腹腔注射低剂量组、腹腔注射高剂量组(下称“腹低组”“腹高组”)、皮下注射组(下称“皮下组”)]。不同注射方式给予不同剂量CCl₄,于4、6、8周末分别处死大鼠。HE、Masson染色观察肝脏病理变化,试剂盒检测AST、ALT、LN和PCⅢ水平,Western blot检测α-SMA蛋白表达。结果:同正常对照组相比,腹低组和腹高组4周末肝组织病理改变明显加重,肝脏系数、纤维化阳性面积、AST、ALT、LN、PCⅢ和α-SMA蛋白表达水平显著升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),2组间无明显差异(P>0.05)。停止注射CCl₄ 4周后,相应指标有明显改善(P<0.05,P<0.01),但与正常对照组相比,仍有明显差异(P<0.05,P<0.01)。同正常对照组相比,皮下组4周末组织病理及相关指标无明显差异(P>0.05);6、8周末组织病理及相关指...     

异欧前胡素对四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的：研究异欧前胡素对四氯化碳（CCl₄）诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法：60只昆明种小鼠随机分为正常对照（生理盐水）组、模型（生理盐水）组、水飞蓟宾（阳性对照,16 mg·kg^-1）组和异欧前胡素低、中、高剂量（8,16,32 mg·kg^-1）组,连续灌胃给药7 d,每天1次。末次给药1 h后,除正常对照组外其余各组小鼠腹腔注射0.1% CCl₄花生油溶液诱发小鼠急性肝损伤。16 h后摘眼球取血并处死小鼠,测定肝脏指数,检测血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）及肝组织中丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）及谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平;检测肝脏线粒体中MDA水平、ATP酶活性及线粒体膜电位。结果：CCl₄诱导小鼠肝脏指数及血清ALT和AST水平显著升高,肝细胞肿胀、变性、坏死,出现明显炎性损伤;使肝组织及肝线粒体中MDA水平显著升高,SOD与GSH水平显著降低;同时导致肝线粒体中ATP酶活性显著降低,线粒体膜电位下降。而水飞蓟宾及异欧前胡素均可显著逆转CCl₄引发的这些效应。结论：异欧前胡素对CCl₄诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能与清除氧化应激产物MDA,增加细胞内抗氧化酶SOD与GSH活性及改善线粒体功能有关。