Pro-kin视觉反馈平衡训练对脑卒中患者平衡与步态的影响

目的：探讨Pro-kin视觉反馈平衡训练对脑卒中患者平衡与步态的影响。方法：纳入脑卒中偏瘫患者50例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组25例。对照组给予常规康复治疗,观察组在此基础上,采用Pro-kin平衡训练仪进行视觉反馈平衡训练。治疗前后,采用Berg平衡量表、计时起立行走测试、Pro-kin平衡仪、数字化跑台监控仪进行平衡与步态评估。结果：治疗2周后,2组BBS评分均较治疗前有明显提高（均P<0.01）,且观察组高于对照组（P<0.05）;2组TUGT评分、睁眼及闭眼状态下运动长度和运动椭圆面积数值均较治疗前有明显下降（均P<0.01）,且观察组均低于对照组（均P<0.05）。治疗后,2组平均步长及步频均较治疗前明显增加（P<0.01）,步长变异性均较治疗前明显减小（P<0.01）,且观察组平均步长优于对照组（P<0.05）,步频及步长变异性2组间比较差异无统计学意义。结论：Pro-kin视觉反馈平衡训练可以改善脑卒中患者的平衡与步态功能。     

步行和平衡功能康复训练对脑卒中后遗症期患者的疗效分析

目的:观察脑卒中后遗症期患者步行和平衡功能康复训练前后Berg平衡量表评分、平地50 m最大步行速度、起立-行走计时测试和上下楼梯时间变化。方法:选取脑卒中后遗症期患者120例,随机分为对照组及治疗组各60例。2组均给予传统康复训练,治疗组还进行步行及平衡功能康复训练;分别于训练前、训练后1月、3月对2组进行Berg平衡量表评分、平地50 m最大步行速度测定、起立-行走计时测试、测定上下20阶楼梯时间变化情况,并进行统计学分析。结果:训练后1月、3月,2组的Berg平衡量表评分均高于训练前(均P0.05),且治疗组均高于对照组(均P0.05)。训练后1月、3月,2组的平地50 m最大步行速度、起立-行走计时测试、上下20阶楼梯时间均低于训练前(均P0.05),且治疗组上述指标均低于对照组(均P0.05)。结论:步行和平衡功能康复训练能够明显改善脑卒中后遗症期患者的步行能力及平衡功能。     

平衡仪反馈训练法和Bobath平衡训练法对偏瘫患者平衡和功能性行走能力的影响

目的：探讨平衡仪反馈训练法和Bobath平衡训练法对偏瘫患者平衡和功能性行走能力的影响。方法：将符合试验条件的住院卒中患者分层随机分为试验组（20例）和对照组（20例）,两组对象在试验开始前Berg平衡得分（BBS）、“起立-走”计时试验（Up＆Go）比较差异无显著性意义。试验组的平衡训练使用平衡仪视觉反馈法,对照组平衡训练使用Bobath平衡训练法,测试指标采用BBS和Up＆Go,在试验开始前和训练6周后各评定1次。结果：训练6周后试验组的BBS、Up＆Go均优于对照组比较差异具有显著性意义。结论：使用平衡仪训练对改善脑卒中患者的平衡和行走功能比单纯的Bobath平衡训练法更有效。     

渐进式平衡训练对老年髋部骨折术后病人平衡功能和行走能力的影响

目的:探讨渐进式平衡训练对老年髋部骨折术后病人平衡功能和行走能力的影响。方法:于2021年7月—2022年3月，采用便利抽样法选取滨州市某三级甲等医院关节外科的老年髋部骨折病人68例作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法将病人分为试验组和对照组，每组34例。对照组采用关节外科术后常规护理，试验组在对照组基础上采用渐进式平衡训练方案进行干预。比较两组病人平衡能力、行走能力。结果:不考虑分组，术后不同时间Berg平衡量表评分比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；不考虑时间，试验组和对照组Berg平衡量表评分差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；两组病人不同时间Berg平衡量表评分交互效应差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。不考虑分组，术后不同时间起立-步行计时测试时间比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；不考虑时间，试验组和对照组起立-步行计时测试时间差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；两组病人不同时间起立-步行计时测试时间交互效应差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论:将渐进式平衡训练方案应用于老年髋部骨折术后病人，可以提高病人平衡能力和行走能力。     

引导式教育联合视觉反馈平衡训练对老年髋部骨折患者术后自理能力及运动能力的影响

目的探讨引导式教育联合视觉反馈平衡训练对老年髋部骨折(HF)患者术后自理能力及运动能力的影响。方法选取收治的50例老年HF患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各25例。术后对照组采用视觉反馈平衡训练,在此基础上观察组联合引导式教育,均连续干预8周。比较两组干预前后自理能力[自我护理能力测量表(ESCA)]及运动能力(Tinetti步态及平衡试验评分)。结果干预后,两组健康知识水平、自我概念、自我护理技能、自护责任感评分高于干预前,且观察组高于对照组;观察组Tinetti步态及平衡试验评分高于对照组。结论引导式教育联合视觉反馈平衡训练能有效改善老年HF患者术后的自理能力及运动能力,临床应用价值较高。     

视觉反馈训练对膝部骨折术后患者膝关节功能及平衡能力的影响

目的 探讨视觉反馈训练在膝部骨折术后患者中的临床应用效果。方法 将64例膝关节骨折手术后患者分为对照组和视觉反馈组,每组32例。对照组术后给予常规康复训练,视觉反馈组在对照组基础上,第3～8周加用视觉反馈训练。治疗前及治疗后2周、4周、8周,对2组患者进行站立位平衡功能及步态评定,采用Lysholm评分法评定膝关节运动功能。 结果 治疗前,2组患者膝关节功能、步行能力及平衡功能比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。与组内治疗前比较,2组患者治疗8周的Lysholm评分、Tinetti量表评分均增高（P＜0.05）,视觉反馈组治疗4周及8周的足底重心压力移动距离、移动轨迹面积减小（P＜0.05）。与对照组治疗后同时间点比较,视觉反馈组治疗4周的足底重心压力移动距离［（338.25±14.11）mm］、移动轨迹面积［（580.62±17.26）mm2］较小（P＜0.05）,视觉反馈组治疗4周及8周的Lysholm评分、Tinetti量表评分较对照组高（P＜0.05）,足底重心压力移动距离、移动轨迹面积较小（P＜0.05）。 结论 视觉反馈训练能有效改善膝部骨折术后患者的膝关节功能,提高平衡及步行能力。     

视觉反馈平衡训练对脑卒中偏瘫患者平衡及功能性转移能力的影响

目的:观察脑卒中偏瘫患者通过视觉反馈平衡训练治疗对平衡及功能性转移能力的作用。方法:脑卒中偏瘫患者32例,分为运动组17例和对照组15例,均接受常规康复治疗。运动组加视觉反馈平衡训练。2组治疗前后分别采用Berg平衡评定量表(BBS)和"站立-走"计时测试(TUG)评定。结果:治疗5周后,BBS评分2组与治疗前比较均明显提高;TUG计时明显缩短;运动组2项评定的改善程度均明显优于对照组(均P0.05)。结论:脑卒中偏瘫患者配合视觉反馈平衡训练能明显提高平衡及功能性转移的能力,增加站立和行走的安全性。     

电脑平衡仪视觉反馈训练对偏瘫患者平衡功能和步行能力的影响

目的观察平衡仪视觉反馈训练对偏瘫患者平衡功能和步行能力的影响。方法40例脑卒中后偏瘫患者分为视觉反馈组和平衡板训练组各20例;在常规康复训练的基础上,视觉反馈组采用平衡仪提供的模式进行平衡训练;平衡板组应用平衡板进行平衡功能训练,采用Berg平衡量表(BBS)和 Holden步行能力评分在治疗前和治疗5周后对两组患者进行评定。结果治疗前,两组患者的BBS和Holden步行能力无显著性差异(P>0.05);治疗后,视觉反馈组改善的程度大于平衡板组(P<0.01)。结论平衡仪视觉反馈训练对脑卒中偏瘫患者的平衡功能和步行能力的具有明显的促进作用。     

运动体操训练对老年人平衡及运动能力的影响研究

[目的]探讨运动体操训练对老年人平衡及运动能力的影响。[方法]选择2014年6月—2014年12月老干部病房长期住院病人72例,坚持运动体操训练12周,比较训练前后Tinetti平衡步态量表得分、单腿平衡时间、特定动作平衡信心、计时"起立-行走"时间、日常生活活动能力(ADL)得分情况。[结果]训练12周后,Tinetti平衡步态量表中平衡及总分明显提高;单腿平衡时间明显延长;平衡信心有所增加;"起立-行走"测试完成时间明显缩短,ADL评分增加,与训练前比较差异有统计学意义(均P0.05)。[结论]运动体操训练可以改善老年人平衡能力及运动能力、增强平衡信心,是预防跌倒的有效措施之一。     

视觉反馈平衡训练对早期帕金森病患者平衡功能的影响研究

目的:观察视觉反馈平衡训练结合常规康复训练对早期帕金森病患者平衡能力的影响。方法:选取50例早期帕金森病患者,随机分为对照组和观察组各25例。对照组予以常规康复训练;观察组在常规康复训练基础上,增加视觉反馈平衡训练。治疗前后采用Berg平衡量表和Pro-Kin平衡训练仪对患者进行平衡功能评定。结果:治疗后2组的Berg得分均较治疗前显著提高(P0.01),且观察组的Berg得分提高更为明显(P0.01)。2组的睁、闭眼长度及面积均较治疗前显著减小(P0.01),且观察组的减小程度更为显著(P0.01)。结论:常规康复治疗可改善帕金森病患者的平衡能力,而将视觉反馈平衡训练与常规康复治疗相结合,对帕金森病患者平衡能力的改善则更加显著。     

平衡评价量表在临床中的应用

临床评定平衡障碍的方法很多,其中最常用的是量表评定法.本文介绍Berg平衡量表((BBS)、Tinetti平衡与步态量表(Tinetti POMA)、计时起立一步行测验(TUGT)、特异性活动平衡自信量表(ABC),Brunei平衡量表(BRA)、动态步态指数(DGI)、功能性步态评价(FGA)、平衡评价系统测试(BEST)等国内外常用的平衡评价量表及其信度、效度分析结果.并为临床推荐较好的平衡及步态障碍评价工具.     

应用Gentile运动技能分类法指导康复治疗对脑卒中后平衡功能的影响

目的:探讨应用Gentile运动技能分类法指导康复训练对脑卒中患者平衡功能的影响。方法:脑卒中偏瘫患者43例,随机分为技能组22例和对照组21例,2组均配合运动再学习为主的康复治疗方案。技能组在采用运动再学习治疗方案时以Gentile运动技能分类法为指导进行运动分级和任务设计。2组治疗前后均采用跌倒风险指数(FI)、Berg平衡量表(BBS)及TUG计时测定评价平衡功能。结果:治疗6周后,与治疗前比较BBS评分2组均有显著提高;FI及TUG计时测定明显降低(均P0.05,0.01);2组间比较,技能组BBS评分明显高于对照组,TUG计时明显低于对照组(P0.05,0.01),FI评分2组差异无统计学意义。结论:以Gentile运动技能分类法为指导进行运动分级及任务设计,可以提高康复治疗效果,更有效改善脑卒中患者的平衡功能。     

An efficacy study on improving balance and gait in subacute stroke patients by balance training with additional motor imagery: a pilot study

[Purpose] The few studies conducted on subacute stroke patients have focused only on gait function improvement. This study therefore aimed to confirm the effect of balance training with additional motor imagery on balance and gait improvement in subacute stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] Participants were divided into an experimental or control group. The experimental group received balance training for 20 minutes/day with mental imagery for 10 minutes/day, three days/week, for four weeks. The control group received only balance training for 30 minutes. Before and after the 12 sessions, balance and gait ability were assessed by the researcher and a physical therapist. [Results] After completion of the 4-week intervention, Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go test, Functional Reach Test, and Four Square Step test scores significantly increased in the experimental group. In the control group, Berg Balance Scale and Functional Reach Test scores significantly improved. Changes in the Timed Up and Go test, Functional Reach Test, and Four Square Step Test scores after intervention were significantly higher in the experimental than in the control group. [Conclusion] Specific balance training with additional motor imagery may result in better rehabilitation outcomes of gait and balance ability than balance training alone.Key words: Balance, Gait, Motor imagery     

Investigating the Effects of an Otago-Based Program among Individuals Living with Dementia

Abstract

Aim: To examine the impact of an Otago-based exercise program (OEP) on physical function in patients living with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia receiving home heath physical therapy.

Methods: 34 patients (mean age 88.3?years; 62% female; mean Mini-Cog 1.76) completed the following assessments: Four-Stage Balance test, Timed Up & Go, 30-Second Chair Stand test, and Tinetti Gait and Balance. Assessments were completed at baseline and an average of 4.79 (2.29) visits later, with a mean of 1.74 (0.79) months between assessments. The OEP-based exercises were individually tailored and progressed based on performance as recommended by the program protocol.

Results: A paired samples t-test revealed significant differences in scores for the Four-Stage Balance Test (p?<?0.001), the Timed Up & Go (p?=?0.002), and the Tinetti Gait and Balance (p?=?0.002).

Conclusion: The OEP can potentially be used for individuals living with cognitive impairments to improve performance outcomes such as balance and functional mobility.     

虚拟现实技术对脑卒中偏瘫患者平衡功能的疗效

目的比较基于虚拟现实技术(VR)的平衡训练和传统平衡训练对脑卒中偏瘫患者静态和动态平衡功能的效果。方法20 例脑卒中偏瘫患者,随机分为实验组(n=10)和对照组(n=10)。两组患者均进行常规神经内科药物治疗和康复训练。实验组接受“城市驾车”“驾船”“小径遭遇”等3 种VR游戏训练,对照组接受传统平衡训练。分别于训练前、训练4 周后采用Berg 平衡量表(BBS)、“起立-行走”计时测试(TUGT)评定,采用平衡测试仪对患者的姿势稳定性和稳定极限进行测量。结果训练后,两组BBS和TUGT评分均较训练前显著改善(P<0.001),实验组显著优于对照组(P<0.001)。训练后两组患者部分姿势稳定性和稳定极限参数均较训练前改善(P<0.05),实验组优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于VR的平衡训练较传统的平衡训练能更有效地提高脑卒中偏瘫患者的动静态平衡功能。     

Specific balance training included in an endurance-resistance exercise program improves postural balance in elderly patients undergoing haemodialysis

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of 6 months of specific balance training included in endurance-resistance program on postural balance in haemodialysis (HD) patients.

Methods: Forty-nine male patients undergoing HD were randomly assigned to an intervention group (balance training included in an endurance-resistance training, n?=?26) or a control group (resistance-endurance training only, n?=?23). Postural control was assessed using six clinical tests; Timed Up and Go test, Tinetti Mobility Test, Berg Balance Scale, Unipodal Stance test, Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test and Activities Balance Confidence scale.

Results: All balance measures increased significantly after the period of rehabilitation training in the intervention group. Only the Timed Up and Go, Berg Balance Scale, Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test and Activities Balance Confidence scores were improved in the control group. The ranges of change in these tests were greater in the balance training group.

Conclusions: In HD patients, specific balance training included in a usual endurance-resistance training program improves static and dynamic balance better than endurance-resistance training only.

• Implications for rehabilitation

• Rehabilitation using exercise in haemodialysis patients improved global mobility and functional abilities.

• Specific balance training included in usual endurance resistance training program could lead to improved static and dynamic balance.

     

Balance and mobility following stroke: effects of physical therapy interventions with and without biofeedback/forceplate training

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Visual biofeedback/forceplate systems are often used for treatment of balance disorders. In this study, the researchers investigated whether the addition of visual biofeedback/forceplate training could enhance the effects of other physical therapy interventions on balance and mobility following stroke. SUBJECTS: The study included a sample of convenience of 13 outpatients with hemiplegia who ranged in age from 30 to 77 years (mean=60.4, SD=15.4) and were 15 to 538 days poststroke. METHODS: Subjects were assigned randomly to either an experimental group or a control group when the study began, and their cognitive and visual-perceptual skills were tested by a psychologist. Subjects were also assessed using the Berg Balance Scale and the Timed "Up & Go" Test before and after 4 weeks of physical therapy. Both groups received physical therapy interventions designed to improve balance and mobility 2 to 3 times per week. The experimental group trained on the NeuroCom Balance Master for 15 minutes of each 50-minute treatment session. The control group received other physical therapy for 50 minutes. RESULTS: Following intervention, both groups scored higher on the Berg Balance Scale and required less time to perform the Timed "Up & Go" Test. These improvements corresponded to increased independence of balance and mobility in the study population. However, a comparison of mean changes revealed no differences between groups. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Although both groups demonstrated improvement following 4 weeks of physical therapy interventions, no additional effects were found in the group that received visual biofeedback/forceplate training combined with other physical therapy.     

Effect of a virtual reality exercise program accompanied by cognitive tasks on the balance and gait of stroke patients

[Purpose] This study aimed to assess the effect of a virtual reality exercise program accompanied by cognitive tasks on the balance and gait of stroke patients. [Subjects] Twenty stroke patients were randomly assigned to two groups 10 to an experimental group that performed a virtual reality exercise program accompanied by cognitive tasks and 10 to a control group. The control group performed a proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercise program. Balance was measured with the Berg Balance Scale. Gait was assessed using the Timed Up and Go Test. The paired t-test was used to compare groups before and after the experiment. The independent t-test was conducted to assess differences in the degree of change between the two groups before and after the experiment. [Results] Within-group comparison in the experimental group showed significant differences in the Berg Balance Scale and Timed Up and Go Test. In a comparison between groups, the differences in the Berg Balance Scale and Timed Up and Go Test in the experimental group appeared significant compared with the control group. [Conclusion] The results of the experiment indicate that a virtual reality exercise program accompanied by cognitive tasks has a positive effect on the balance and gait of stroke patients.Key words: Virtual reality exercise program accompanied by cognitive tasks, Balance, Gait