肥胖儿童血清脂联素水平及代谢相关研究

目的探讨肥胖儿童血清脂联素分布特点及与糖、脂代谢相关生化指标的关系。方法采用病例对照研究,选择180名肥胖儿童和160名健康儿童为肥胖组和对照组,进行体格测量和血生化检测（包括血清脂联素、糖、脂代谢指标）,分析脂联素与体重指数、血脂、血糖和胰岛素的相关性。结果肥胖组血浆脂联素水平（8.32±4.78 mg/L）低于对照组（12.38±6.45 mg/L）（P〈0.01）;儿童血清脂联素与BMI和腰臀比呈负相关关系（r=-0.382、-0.342,P〈0.05）,与脂代谢指标（TC和TG）呈负相关关系（r=-0.311、-0.295,P〈0.05）,与糖代谢指标（FINS、HOMA-IR）相关关系不显著（r=-0.120、-0.147,P〉0.05）。结论肥胖症儿童血清脂联素水平降低,与血脂异常及胰岛素抵抗相关。     

超重和肥胖妇女血清脂联素、抵抗素与胰岛素抵抗间的关系研究

目的 研究超重和肥胖妇女血清脂联素、抵抗素水平的变化及其与胰岛素抵抗的关系并探讨其临床意义.方法 测定20例超重和肥胖妇女的血清脂联素、抵抗素、C反应蛋白、白细胞介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α及胰岛素抵抗指数并与正常体重妇女比较.对超重肥胖妇女的血清脂联素、抵抗素与体重指数、胰岛素抵抗指数等关系进行相关性分析.结果 与正常体重组比较,超重肥胖组血清脂联素水平(5.61±1.32 vs 7.06±0.89 ng/ml)显著下降(P＜0.01);抵抗素(6.65±3.17 vs 4.21±0.93 pg/ml)、胰岛素(11.82±4.79 vs 8.63±2.11μU/L)和胰岛素抵抗指数(2.89±1.20 vs 2.00±0.55)显著升高(P＜0.05).超重肥胖组血清脂联素水平与体重指数和胰岛素抵抗指数呈显著负相关(P＜0.05);血清抵抗素水平与体重指数呈显著正相关(P＜0.05),与胰岛素抵抗指数无显著相关.结论 超重和肥胖妇女的胰岛素抵抗可能与其血清脂联素降低相关,而与抵抗素相关性不显著.     

血清趋化素、瘦素、脂联素浓度与学龄前单纯性肥胖儿童糖脂代谢的关系

目的 研究血清趋化素、瘦素、脂联素水平与3~6岁学龄前期儿童单纯性肥胖及代谢的关系,为学龄前单纯性肥胖儿童临床监测及治疗效果提供依据。方法 选取2019年1月—2020年5月于大连市妇幼保健院儿童保健门诊体检的3~6岁儿童为研究对象,获取单纯性肥胖儿童41例作为研究组,另获取同年龄、同时期儿童43例作为对照组。测量其身高和体重,并计算身高别体重;测定血清趋化素、瘦素、脂联素、空腹血糖(FPG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c),同时计算胰岛素抵抗指数。结果 单纯性肥胖组的FINS、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR),LDL-c,血清趋化素,瘦素明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.288、2.927、4.939、3.078、5.456,P＜0.05),HDL-c,脂联素明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=-5.179、-3.145,P＜0.05)。而两组FPG、TG、TC差异无统计学意义(t=0.391、0.768、-0.266,P＞0.05); 趋化素与身高别体重、FINS、HOMA-IR、 LDL-c、瘦素呈正相关(r=0.339、0.416、0.227、0.376、0.266,P＜0.05),与HDL-c、脂联素呈负相关(r=-0.410、-0.309,P＜0.05)。瘦素与身高别体重、FINS、HOMA-IR、 LDL-c、趋化素呈正相关(r=0.492、0.375、0.279、0.269、0.266,P＜0.05),与HDL-c、脂联素呈负相关(r=-0.467、-0.326,P＜0.05)。脂联素与身高别体重、FINS、HOMA-IR,LDL-c、趋化素、瘦素呈负相关(r=-0.296、-0.351、-0.278、-0.229、-0.309、-0.326,P＜0.05),与HDL-c呈正相关(r=0.234,P=0.032)。结论 血清趋化素、瘦素、脂联素水平与学龄前单纯性肥胖儿童糖脂代谢密切相关,这些指标对于识别、监测、干预学龄前单纯性肥胖儿童有着重要意义。     

青春期儿童血清瘦素脂联素与血脂水平的配对研究

目的探讨青春期儿童血清瘦素(LEP)、脂联素(ADIPO)与血脂的关系,为心血管疾病的早期预防提供线索。方法选取13～14岁肥胖和体重正常儿童共73对,用放射免疫法测血清LEP,用酶联免疫法测血清ADIPO,用酶比色法测三酰甘油(TG)及总胆固醇(TC),用沉淀法测高密度脂蛋白(HDL)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL),进行配对分析。结果肥胖组儿童血清LEP(24.011±6.831)μg/L,TG(1.574±0.889)mmol/L水平高于对照组(12.542±6.565)μg/L,(0.913±0.362)mmol/L(P值均=0.000);ADIPO(4.074±2.493)μg/mL,HDL(1.115±0.256)mmol/L水平低于对照组(5.526±3.194)μg/mL,(1.404±0.331)mmol/L(P值均0.01)。女童血清LEP与LDL呈正相关(r=0.246,P=0.043),与HDL呈负相关(r=-0.438,P=0.000);男童血清LEP与TG(r=0.518,P=0.000),TC(r=0.284,P=0.012)均呈正相关,与HDL呈负相关(r=-0.353,P=0.002),ADIPO与HDL呈正相关(r=0.253,P=0.025)。结论青春期肥胖儿童存在瘦素、脂联素和血脂代谢紊乱,瘦素较脂联素与血脂有明显的相关性。     

血清脂联素水平与代谢综合征组分的相关性研究

目的 探讨血清脂联素水平与代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome,MS)各组分的相关性.方法 采用整群随机抽样的方法,抽取上海市的两个城区,经调查和体检,筛选出MS患者235例.通过对MS患者的脂联素水平与MS各组分(腰围、血压、血糖、血脂)相关性分析及主成分回归分析,初步探讨血清脂联素水平与MS各组分的关系.结果 男性脂联素水平为(2.82±1.73)μg/ml低于女性的(5.12±3.51)μg/ml,差异有统计学意义(Z=-5.25,P=0.00).脂联素水平[(4.38±3.23)μg/ml]与腹部肥胖相关,其与腰围[(93.37±7.76)cm]的spearrnan秩相关系数为rs=-0.18(tt=-2.79,P=0.01);与腰臀比(0.91±0.05)的spearman秩相关系数为rs=-0.28(tr=-4.44,P=0.00),而与人体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)[(26.85±3.10)ks/m2]无显著相关性(rs=-0.10,tr=-1.45,P=0.15).脂联素与胰岛素抵抗相关指标关系密切,包括空腹血糖[(5.48±1.72)mmol/L](rs=-0.13,tr=-2.00,P=0.05)、空腹胰岛素[(11.52±5.34)mU/L](rs=-0.15,tr=-2.31,P=0.02)、稳态模式评估法的胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)(2.90±2.07)(rs=-0.17,tr=-2.63,P=0.01)及甘油三酯水平[(2.11±1.24)mmol/L](rs=-0.24,tr=-3.77,P=0.00).脂联素与总胆固醇水平[(5.01±1.19)mmol/L](rs=-0.05,tr=-0.78,P=0.44)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)[(1.21±0.32)mmol/L](rs=0.06,tr=0.93,P=0.36)、收缩压[(131.40±14.93)nun Hg,1 nun Hg=0.133 kPa](rs=-0.02,tr=-0.34,P=0.73)及舒张压[(86.77±9.14)mm Hg](rs=-0.02,tr=-0.27,P=0.78)无显著相关性.结论 MS患者血清脂联素水平与腹部肥胖及胰岛素抵抗相关指标呈负相关,而与血压未见直接联系.     

急性脑梗死患者血清脂联素、瘦素水平与运动功能恢复的相关性研究

目的 探讨急性脑梗死患者血清脂联素、瘦素水平对运动功能恢复的影响.方法 选取45例急性脑梗死患者作为研究组,选取30例健康体检者作为对照组.出院时采用Fugl-Meyer评分评定急性脑梗死患者的运动功能恢复情况.采用酶联免疫吸附试验法测定受试者血清脂联素、瘦素水平,分析研究组患者血清脂联素、瘦素水平与出院时运动功能恢复程度的相关性.结果 对照组血清脂联素水平为(13.78±4.25) mg/L,明显高于研究组的(6.35±3.18) mg/L,对照组血清瘦素水平为(6.48±1.26) μg/L,明显低于研究组的(20.35±2.59) μg/L,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).研究组不同Fugl-Meyer评分患者的血清脂联素、瘦素水平比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).血清脂联素水平与Fugl-Meyer评分呈正相关(r=0.528,P＜ 0.05),血清瘦素水平与Fugl-Meyer评分呈负相关(r=-0.564,P＜ 0.05).血清脂联素水平与血清瘦素水平呈负相关(r=-0.427,P＜0.05).结论 脂联素、瘦素参与了急性脑梗死的发生、发展,且两者水平与患者运动功能恢复程度密切相关.     

多囊卵巢综合征患者高分子量脂联素和交感神经活性的相关性分析

目的探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者体内高分子量脂联素水平和交感神经活性之间的关系。方法 2010年1月-2017年1月在武汉市中心医院妇产科就诊的绝经前PCOS患者纳入本研究。共纳入46例PCOS患者和22例正常对照组。比较两组之间的高分子量脂联素水平、代谢指标、交感神经活性。结果高分子量(HMW)脂联素水平在PCOS组较正常对照组低(中位数2. 7 [IQR1. 1]μg/ml vs.中位数3. 4 [IQR1. 5]μg/ml,P=0. 032)。HMW脂联素和胰岛素抵抗(HOMA-IR)、空腹胰岛素水平、三酰甘油(TG)呈负相关;和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)呈正相关。和正常对照组比较,PCOS组肌肉收缩频率明显升高(中位数30 [IQR12]次/min vs.中位数24 [IQR10]次/min,P=0. 034)。肌肉收缩频率和HMW脂联素呈负相关(r=-0. 379,P=0. 045)。结论交感神经活性可能可以调节PCOS患者HMW脂联素水平和胰岛素灵敏度。从而改善PCOS患者的代谢功能和生殖功能。     

妊娠肥胖、妊娠糖尿病与脂肪因子的关系研究

目的 探讨妊娠肥胖、妊娠期糖尿病患者血清脂肪因子水平变化及其影响因素.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附法检测26例孕前肥胖妊娠期糖尿病孕妇、30例孕前非肥胖妊娠期糖尿病孕妇、25例单纯肥胖孕妇及28例正常健康孕妇血清视黄醇结合蛋白-4、肿瘤坏死因子-α、脂联素水平;同时测定所有受试者的糖、脂生化指标,并计算胰岛素抵抗指数.结果 ①妊娠期糖尿病孕妇血清胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数高于非妊娠期糖尿病孕妇(F值分别为72.16,59.38,均P<0.01);②孕前肥胖妊娠期糖尿病孕妇血清肿瘤坏死因子-α、视黄醇结合蛋白-4水平明显高于其他三组孕妇(F值分别为40.83,16.42,P均<0.01).妊娠期糖尿病孕妇血清脂联素水平明显低于非妊娠期糖尿病孕妇,单纯肥胖孕妇血清脂联素水平较正常健康孕妇低(F=90.12,P<0.01).单纯肥胖孕妇视黄醇结合蛋白-4水平高于非肥胖孕妇;③肿瘤坏死因子-α水平与孕前身体质量指数、视黄醇结合蛋白-4水平以及胰岛素抵抗指数成正相关(r值分别为0.278,0.533,0.596,P值分别为<0.05、<0.01、<0.01),与脂联素水平成负相关(r=-0.537,P<0.01),血清脂联素水平与胰岛素抵抗指数、视黄醇结合蛋白-4水平成负相关(r值分别为-0.719,-0.408,均P<0.01),血清视黄醇结合蛋白-4与孕前身体质量指数、胰岛素抵抗指数成正相关(r值分别为0.766,0.465,均P<0.01).结论 妊娠期糖尿病孕妇及肥胖孕妇存在胰岛素抵抗,妊娠期糖尿病孕妇血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α水平上升,脂联素水平下降,血清视黄醇结合蛋白-4水平与肥胖密切相关,脂肪细胞因子之间相互抑制或相互促进,参与肥胖或妊娠期糖尿病的发生.     

肥胖青少年血清脂联素水平与胰岛素抵抗关系

目的 研究青少年肥胖与血清脂联素水平与胰岛素抵抗的关系.方法 中学生健康体检时选择47名体质指数(BMI)在同年龄、同性别第95百分位数或以上的中学生为肥胖组,对照组为50名健康学生.检测血压、血糖、血脂、胰岛素和脂联素等指标,计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR),并采用双能x线吸收检测体脂含量.结果 肥胖组血压高于对照组(P＜0.05),BMI、HOMA-IR和躯干部体脂百分比高于对照组(均P＜0.01),而血清脂联素水平显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).多元逐步回归分析显示,总体脂百分比、躯干部体脂百分比和HOMA-IR是血清脂联素独立相关因素,呈负性相关.结果 肥胖青少年存在显著低脂联素血症.血清脂联素与体脂含量和胰岛素抵抗呈显著负相关.     

超重肥胖儿童血清淀粉样蛋白A与胰岛素抵抗的研究

目的 研究血清淀粉样蛋白A(SAA)与超重肥胖儿童胰岛素抵抗(IR)的关系.方法 测定62例超重肥胖儿童和35例正常体重儿童的空腹血糖(FPG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)和SAA水平.以稳杰模型评估法胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)及胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)估测IR状态.结果 超重肥胖儿童SAA明显高于正常体重儿童(SAA取对数值:5.32±0.65比3.16±0.44,P<0.01),且SAA与体重指数(r=0.269,P=0.005)、FINS(r=0.207,P=0.022)、HOMA-IR(r=0.230,P=0.012)呈正相关,与ISI呈负相关(r=-0.117,P=0.006).结论 超重肥胖儿童SAA明显升高,其变化与儿童肥胖及IR密切相关.     

Decrease in serum adiponectin level due to obesity and visceral fat accumulation in children

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum adiponectin is decreased in obesity and is restored toward normal level after treatment in children. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Subjects were 53 Japanese obese children, 33 boys and 20 girls (6 to 14 years old), and 30 age-matched nonobese controls for measuring adiponectin (16 boys and 14 girls). Blood was drawn after an overnight fast, and the obese children were subjected to anthropometric measurements including waist and hip circumferences and skinfold thicknesses. Paired samples were obtained from 21 obese children who underwent psychoeducational therapy. Visceral adipose tissue area was measured by computed tomography. Adiponectin was assayed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, uric acid, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, apo B, apo B/apo A(1), and insulin in obese children were higher than the reference values. Serum adiponectin level was lower in the obese children than in the controls (6.4 +/- 0.6 vs. 10.2 +/- 0.8 mg/L, means +/- SEM, p < 0.001). In 21 obese children whose percent overweight declined during therapy, the adiponectin level increased (p = 0.002). The adiponectin level was correlated inversely with visceral adipose tissue area in obese children (r = -0.531, p < 0.001). The inverse correlations of adiponectin with alanine aminotransferase, uric acid, and insulin were significant after being adjusted for percentage overweight, percentage body fat, or sex. DISCUSSION: Serum adiponectin level is decreased in obese children depending on the accumulation of visceral fat and is restored toward normal level by slimming.     

分泌型卷曲相关蛋白5和脂联素在肥胖儿童体重指数与血压关联中的中介效应分析

目的 探讨肥胖高血压患儿血中脂肪细胞因子水平变化在体重指数(BMI)与血压关联的中介效应,为控制肥胖儿童高血压的进展提供一定理论依据及临床指导。方法 以2012年6月—2014年8月就诊于西安交通大学第二附属医院小儿内分泌门诊的120例肥胖儿童为研究对象,根据血压测量结果对高血压组儿童进行为期6个月的生活方式干预,入院后及生活方式干预前后测量所有儿童及高血压组儿童身高、体重、腰围、BMI及血压,用酶联免疫法检测血中脂联素、趋化素、瘦素、分泌型卷曲相关蛋白5(Sfrp5)、Wnt家族分泌性相关蛋白a(Wnt5a)、超敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)浓度。以给予生活干预前后细胞因子的变化作为中介变量,BMI的变化为自变量(ΔBMI),舒张压及收缩压的降低为因变量(ΔSBP和ΔDBP)进行中介效应分析。结果 高血压组儿童与非高血压组比较,Sfrp5及脂联素显著降低,而趋化素、瘦素、Wnt5a、hsCRP显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);TNF-α在两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P<0.05);生活方式干预后肥胖高血压组儿童血中脂联素及Sfrp5与干预前相比显著升高,而趋化素、瘦素、Wnt5a、hsCRP则显著降低(P<0.05)。肥胖高血压患儿在接受生活方式干预后BMI的变化(ΔBMI)与收缩压及舒张压的变化关联中,控制协变量后,ΔSfrp5及Δ脂联素具有部分中介效应,而Δ趋化素及ΔhsCRP在BMI的变化(ΔBMI)与收缩压及舒张压变化的关联中无中介效应。结论 Sfrp5和脂联素在肥胖儿童血压升高的过程中具有一定中介作用。     

Plasma adiponectin levels in overweight and obese Asians

OBJECTIVE: Hypoadiponectin has been documented in subjects with obesity, diabetes mellitus, or coronary heart disease, suggesting a potential use of plasma adiponectin in following the clinical progress in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MS). In this study, we investigated the plasma adiponectin levels in relation to the variables of MS among overweight/obese Asian subjects. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: The plasma adiponectin, anthropometric and biochemical measurements, oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT), and modified insulin suppression tests were performed on 180 overweight/obese Asian subjects [body mass index (BMI) >or= 23 kg/m(2)], including 47 subjects with morbid obesity (BMI >or= 40 kg/m(2)). RESULTS: The plasma adiponectin levels negatively correlated with BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, triglyceride, uric acid levels, hyperinsulinemia, and glucose intolerance in OGTT, but positively with high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. In contrast, they were not related to blood pressure and total cholesterol. Moreover, insulin sensitivity, measured by quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) or in insulin suppression tests, significantly correlated with the plasma adiponectin levels. Among morbidly obese subjects, only the waist-to-hip ratio correlated with the plasma adiponectin levels. Using multivariate linear regression models, the area under curve of plasma glucose in OGTT and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol among the overweight/obese subjects and WHR among the morbidly obese subjects were significantly related to the plasma adiponectin levels after adjustment for other variables. DISCUSSION: In overweight/obese Asians, the plasma adiponectin levels significantly correlated with various indices of MS except hypertension. Whether the plasma adiponectin level could be a suitable biomarker for following the clinical progress of MS warrants further investigation.     

Adolescent sex differences in adiponectin are conditional on pubertal development and adiposity

OBJECTIVE: Adiponectin is an adipose tissue protein with important insulin-sensitizing, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective properties but is paradoxically lower in obese individuals. Sex differences in adiponectin have been reported in adults and adolescents but not in prepubertal children. In this study, we hypothesized that sex differences in adiponectin would develop during puberty and would be influenced by level of adiposity. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Adiponectin levels were measured in 1196 white and African-American adolescents. Insulin resistance was estimated using the homeostasis model (HOMA-IR). Demographic, developmental, and metabolic variables, including interactions with adiposity measurements, were evaluated for independent relationships with adiponectin levels. RESULTS: Overall, adiponectin levels varied significantly by sex, race, adiposity, and puberty stage. Significant sex differences in adiponectin developed after the onset of puberty, particularly in lean adolescents. Adolescent boys had lower adiponectin levels in post-puberty compared with pre-puberty (p = 0.01) and had lower levels than girls in both puberty and post-puberty (both p < 0.001), after adjusting for race, BMI z-score, and natural logarithm-(HOMA-IR). Sex differences were also conditional on adiposity level, with significant sex differences among lean (p < 0.001) but not among non-lean (p = 0.16) adolescents. Adiponectin levels in girls decreased more with increasing adiposity than in boys (p = 0.004), but only marginally so after standardizing for girls' higher mean adiponectin level (p = 0.11). DISCUSSION: Sex differences in adiponectin are dependent on both puberty stage and adiposity in adolescents, such that by post-puberty, non-lean boys exhibit the lowest levels of adiponectin.     

共轭亚油酸对肥胖大鼠脂联素基因表达的影响

目的研究共轭亚油酸对饮食诱导肥胖大鼠脂联素基因表达的影响。方法选用雄性Wistar大鼠,随机分为对照组、高脂组、高脂+共轭亚油酸组(每100g饲料含共轭亚油酸分别为075g、150g、300g),每组动物10只,观察共轭亚油酸对肥胖大鼠胰岛素、血糖水平的影响,并应用RTPCR的方法检测脂联素、过氧化物酶体增殖物活性受体γ(PPARγ)的表达水平。结果高脂组大鼠血清胰岛素和血糖水平分别为(1111±273)μIU/ml,(509±066)mmol/L,075%、150%、300%剂量组胰岛素水平分别为(699±177)μIU/ml,(736±148)μIU/ml,(785±160)μIU/ml,血糖水平分别为(428±072)mmol/L,(418±055)mmol/L,(406±063)mmol/L,且共轭亚油酸可增加肥胖大鼠脂肪组织脂联素、PPARγmRNA的表达水平。结论共轭亚油酸可通过激活PPARγ上调脂联素基因的表达,改善肥胖大鼠的胰岛素抵抗。     

Weight loss increased serum adiponectin but decreased lipid levels in obese subjects whose body mass index was lower than 30 kg/m

We hypothesized that weight loss in obese subjects may affect adipokine levels, such as adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α. This study investigated the effects of an 8-week weight-control program on serum adiponectin, TNF-α, and blood lipid level profiles in obese subjects. Twenty obese subjects with a body mass index (BMI) higher than 25 kg/m² were recruited for this weight loss program that used dietetic control and aerobic exercise training. A total of 3 obese men and 11 obese women (mean age, 40.3 ± 10.8 years; BMI, 30.0 ± 3.4 kg/m²) finished the program. Anthropometric and biochemical characteristics in subjects before and after the program were determined. The results showed that subjects' body weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels significantly (P < .05) decreased during the program. Further analysis showed a negative correlation between delta adiponectin and delta TNF-α, triacylglycerol, and systolic blood pressure in obese subjects. Subgroup analysis showed that obese subjects whose original BMI was less than 30 kg/m² had significantly increased serum adiponectin levels, and more than 3% weight reduction markedly improved blood lipids and body fat profiles during the program. Our findings suggest that weight reduction through an 8-week weight loss program may have anti-inflammatory and antiatherogenic effects via increased serum adiponectin levels and improvements in blood lipid profiles and systolic blood pressure.     

Association between dietary patterns and serum adiponectin: a cross-sectional study in a Japanese population

The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between dietary pattern, adiponectin and insulin resistance. The study population consisted of 612 men and women aged 35–69?years old who had participated in the baseline survey of Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) Study in Tokushima Prefecture. Diets and lifestyle related variables were assessed by questionnaires. Multiple regression analyses were used to analyse the relations between dietary patterns and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin. For further analysis, path analysis was used to test the hypothesised model of association between dietary pattern, serum adiponectin and insulin resistance. The result showed that higher score of bread and dairy pattern was directly associated with increased serum level of adiponectin in women, which was inversely related to homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). In conclusion, higher consumption of bread and dairy products, and low intake of rice may be associated with increased serum adiponectin in women.     

Lower serum adiponectin levels in African-American boys

OBJECTIVE: To examine adiponectin, an adipocyte-secreted hormone with anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects, in relation to race or gender in younger subjects. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: The relationship of adiponectin, quantitated by radioimmunoassay, to anthropometric and metabolic factors (fasting insulin, glucose, and leptin) and reproductive hormones was examined in 46 healthy African Americans (25 girls/21 boys) and 40 whites (20 girls/20 boys) ranging in age from 12 to 21 years. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference in BMI or in BMI percentile among the four groups. Sums of skinfolds, but not skinfold percentile, were significantly lower in boys than girls (p = 0.001 and p = 0.896, respectively), whereas there was no difference between racial groups. Leptin was significantly greater in girls (p = 0.0002). There was no difference in fasting serum glucose, insulin, or homeostasis model assessment score among any of the groups. There was a significant negative univariate relationship between serum adiponectin and both BMI and BMI percentile for the entire group (p = 0.006 and p = 0.005). In a multivariate model, BMI percentile (p = 0.005) and the interaction between race and gender (p = 0.026) were significant predictors of serum adiponectin. In this model, African-American boys had the lowest serum adiponectin level, 37% less than white boys, who had the highest adiponectin levels. DISCUSSION: Serum adiponectin levels are reduced in young obese subjects (African Americans and whites) and are lower in African-American boys than white boys. A lower adiponectin level in African-American boys may predispose this group to a greater risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.