乳腺癌患者手术治疗前后血清CA153、IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α测定的临床意义

目的：探讨了乳腺癌患者手术治疗前后血清CA153、IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α含量的变化。方法：分别应用放射免疫分析和酶联免疫分析对38例乳腺癌患者进行了手术治疗前后血清CA153、IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α含量检测,并与30名正常健康人作比较。结果：乳腺癌患者手术前血清CA153、IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α水平非常显著地高于正常人组（P〈0．01）,3个月后已降至正常人组水平（P〉0．05）。手术切除1年后复发者血清IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α水平持续异常,未复发者基本接近正常。结论：检测血清CA153、IL-8、IL-6和TNF-α的水平与乳腺癌患者的病情和预后密切相关,具有一定的临床实用价值。     

TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8、NO、CRP和NSE对颅内感染的诊断价值

细菌感染时,细菌侵入脑脊液中,释放出内毒素、磷壁酸等炎性成分,可刺激中枢神经系统局部产生细胞因子,细胞因子在细菌性脑膜炎患者的免疫反应中发挥着重要作用[1],另外,脑脊液中一些指标的测定也对颅内感染的诊断和鉴别诊断具有重要意义,现将脑脊液中TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8、NO、CRP和NSE在颅内感染中的诊断价值综述如下.     

纳米细菌纤维素膜修补兔硬脑膜的早期炎性指标变化

目的建立兔硬脑膜缺损模型,应用不同材料进行修补,检测修补后脑脊液炎性指标的变化,探讨引起炎性改变的主要原因,证明纳米细菌纤维素膜是一种优良的硬脑膜替代材料。方法普通级成年健康雄性新西兰兔50只,体质量约2.5 kg。随机分为5组(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ),每组各10只,Ⅰ组不做任何处理,为空白对照组,余各组手术去除兔双侧额顶部骨瓣及Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组硬脑膜。Ⅱ组为假手术组,保留自身完整硬脑膜,Ⅲ组为未修补组,Ⅳ组行市售人工硬脑膜修补,Ⅴ组予以纳米细菌纤维素膜修补。分别于手术后第3天、第7天、第14天、第30天、第90天应用经皮枕大池穿刺的方法采集脑脊液,进行脑脊液培养,排除阳性实验兔,余利用酶联免疫吸附分析(ELISA)测定实验检测相关炎性指标白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α的变化。结果所有兔均成功提取脑脊液。Ⅲ组在术后第7天出现1只新西兰兔的脑脊液培养结果为阳性,其余各时间点各组培养结果均为阴性;将阳性兔予以排除。与Ⅰ组相比,3种炎性因子的含量在Ⅱ组中变化不大,在Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组中明显增高,在Ⅴ组中,除术后第90天的IL-6外,余各时间点均增高。与Ⅲ组相比,Ⅳ组在术后第3天和第7天的IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α,术后第14天的IL-1β、术后第90天的IL-6含量,明显较低。Ⅴ组在术后第3天和第7天的IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α,术后第14天和第30天的IL-1β,术后第90天的IL-6含量均较Ⅲ组低;Ⅳ组与Ⅴ组相比,IL-1β在术后第3天,IL-6在术后第3天、第7天、第90天和TNF-α在术后第3天、第7天、第14天的含量,Ⅴ组明显较低。结论纳米细菌纤维素膜用于修补兔硬脑膜缺损,可恢复硬脑膜的完整性,未见中枢神经系统感染,炎性因子表达量低,活体植入效果优良,是一种较为理想的生物硬脑膜替代材料。     

细胞因子IL-2、IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α与危重症患者血流感染的相关性研究

为探讨血清IL-2、IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α对危重症患者早期血流感染的诊断意义,收集重症监护病房(ICU)收治的血流感染患者77例,同时设对照组22例,空腹采集静脉血,采用ELISA方法检测血清IL-2、IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α的水平,同时进行血液培养明确病原菌,评价细胞因子与危重症患者血流感染的关系。结果显示血流感染组血清中的4种细胞因子显著高于健康对照组(P0.01);不同病原菌感染组血清中的4种细胞因子水平均具有一定的差异性(P0.001),其中真菌感染组细胞因子水平最高,依次是革兰阴性菌感染组,最低的是革兰阳性菌感染组;IL-2、IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.993、0.994、0.997和0.905。由此,IL-2、IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α在危重症患者血流感染早期诊断中具有较高的敏感性和特异性,可作为早期诊断的检测指标。     

EMS患者腹腔穿刺液IL-6、IL-8和血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8检测的临床意义

本文通过对腹腔穿刺液IL-6、IL-8和血清TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8等的检测和分析,旨在对子宫内膜异位症（EMS）的发病机制和手术治疗效果判定的意义。1对象和方法1．1对象选取2010年1月～2013年1月EMS患者在我院住院手术治疗的56例为观察组,选取同期患妇科疾病（排除EMS）于我院进行手术治疗的58例患者为对照组,     

姜黄素治疗大鼠脑出血后血清IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α变化的实验研究

目的 本研究旨在探索大鼠脑出血(intracerebral hemorrhage,ICH)用姜黄素治疗后血清IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α变化情况,评价姜黄素在治疗脑出血中的抗炎价值,从而为临床应用姜黄素治疗脑出血提供科学的实验数据.方法 24只健康雄性成年SD大鼠,单纯随机分为术前正常对照组(A组),脑出血姜黄素治疗组(B组),脑出血空白对照组(C组),假手术组(D组),每组6只大鼠.立体定位下右侧基底节注射胶原酶法制备大鼠脑出血模型.于建模成功后6h、24h、48h、3d、5d、7d、14d,给各组大鼠尾静脉取血测IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α.将B组与C组、D组的IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α值行两样本t检验比较,P＜0.05为差异有统计学意义.结果 B组的神经生物学评分较相应时期的C组低,较相应时期的D组高,差异有统计学意义.B组的血清IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α水平在术后6h即升高,3d达最高水平,随后开始逐渐恢复,且各个时期的血清IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α水平均较同时期C组低,较同时期的D组高,差异均有统计学意义.结果 姜黄素能加快大鼠脑出血后血清炎症因子的吸收,对大鼠脑出血有抗炎作用.     

脑脊液和血清TNF-α、IL-6及IL-2检测对HIE的临床价值

目的探讨脑脊液和血清TNF-α、IL-6及IL-2水平检测对新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病诊治和预后评估的临床价值。方法回顾性分析本院接生的缺血缺氧性脑病患儿60例,按照发病程度分为轻度33例,中度15例,重度12例;分别于患儿治疗前后进行NBNA评分,并取患儿脑脊液和外周血,以ELISA试剂盒检测TNF-α、IL-6及IL-2含量。结果不同发病程度的患儿在NBNA评分,以及TNF-α、IL-6、IL-2三种细胞因子的脑脊液与血清含量等方面均有显著性差异(P0.05),表现为随着发病程度的加重,NBNA评分及IL-2在脑脊液与血清中含量呈降低趋势,而TNF-α及IL-6在脑脊液与血清中含量呈上升趋势;且治疗后NBNA评分及IL-2的脑脊液与血清含量整体水平有所升高,而TNF-α及IL-6在脑脊液与血清中含量整体水平有所降低,其差值与治疗前相比,均有统计学意义(P0.05或P0.01);线性相关分析结果显示,IL-2的脑脊液含量与新生儿的NBNA评分呈显著正相关,TNF-α、IL-6的脑脊液含量与新生儿的NBNA评分呈显著负相关。结论 TNF-α、IL-6及IL-2的脑脊液和血清水平能够反映缺血缺氧性脑病患儿的发病程度及治疗结局,可作为其临床诊断和不良预后的重要筛查指标,且脑脊液水平较血清水平更具预测价值。     

脑脊液和血清TNF-α、IL-6及IL-2检测对HIE的临床价值

目的探讨脑脊液和血清TNF-α、IL-6及IL-2水平检测对新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病诊治和预后评估的临床价值。方法回顾性分析本院接生的缺血缺氧性脑病患儿60例,按照发病程度分为轻度33例,中度15例,重度12例;分别于患儿治疗前后进行NBNA评分,并取患儿脑脊液和外周血,以ELISA试剂盒检测TNF-α、IL-6及IL-2含量。结果不同发病程度的患儿在NBNA评分,以及TNF-α、IL-6、IL-2三种细胞因子的脑脊液与血清含量等方面均有显著性差异(P0.05),表现为随着发病程度的加重,NBNA评分及IL-2在脑脊液与血清中含量呈降低趋势,而TNF-α及IL-6在脑脊液与血清中含量呈上升趋势;且治疗后NBNA评分及IL-2的脑脊液与血清含量整体水平有所升高,而TNF-α及IL-6在脑脊液与血清中含量整体水平有所降低,其差值与治疗前相比,均有统计学意义(P0.05或P0.01);线性相关分析结果显示,IL-2的脑脊液含量与新生儿的NBNA评分呈显著正相关,TNF-α、IL-6的脑脊液含量与新生儿的NBNA评分呈显著负相关。结论 TNF-α、IL-6及IL-2的脑脊液和血清水平能够反映缺血缺氧性脑病患儿的发病程度及治疗结局,可作为其临床诊断和不良预后的重要筛查指标,且脑脊液水平较血清水平更具预测价值。     

腹腔镜以及开腹子宫肌瘤切除术后CRP、TNF-α、IL-6水平变化分析

目的 探讨腹腔镜和开腹子宫肌瘤切除手术对机体CRP、TNF-α、IL-6的影响.方法 选取我院收治的110例子宫肌瘤并行手术治疗患者,根据其不同的手术方式将其分为腹腔镜组以及开腹手术组,每组55例,比较两组患者的手术时间、出血量、排气时间、并发症情况及术前术后的CRP、TNF-α、IL-6水平变化情况.结果 腹腔镜组患者的手术时间明显长于开腹手术组,但术中出血少、术后排气快,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),术前两组患者的血清CRP、TNF-α、IL-6水平比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),且两组术前TNF-α均明显高于正常值,术后90min两组CRP、TNF-α、IL-6水平均达到最高峰,腹腔镜手术后CRP、TNF-α、IL-6指标于术后第3d恢复正常,而开腹手术组患者术后第7d才恢复至正常水平,且手术开始后90min、术后第1、3d两组患者CRP、TNF-α、IL-6指标比较差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 与开腹手术相比,腹腔镜子宫肌瘤切除术所带来的创伤更小、有利于患者的术后康复,有效减少术后并发症,而其可能与腹腔镜手术所导致的机体抗炎因子分泌减少有关.     

IL-10和TNF-α在人外周血单个核细胞体外感染卡介苗中的表达及相关性研究

目的探讨白细胞介素-10（IL-10）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）在人外周血单个核细胞（PBMCs）体外感染卡介苗（BCG）中的表达及相互作用。方法 PBMCs体外感染BCG后,分别于3、6、8、24h收集细胞应用荧光定量PCR法检测细胞内IL-10和TNF-α的mRNA含量;此外,分别于8、20、32、48h加入anti-IL-10的抗体孵育,收集细胞培养上清,用ELISA法检测上清中IL-10和TNF-α的蛋白含量。结果 PBMCs体外感染BCG后,相对于空白对照组,IL-10和TNF-α在mRNA和蛋白水平的表达量均增高,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,两者表达量呈现负相关趋势;当加入anti-IL-10的抗体后,TNF-α的蛋白表达量要高于未加抗体组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 IL-10和TNF-α在人PBMCs体外感染卡介苗中的表达量增加,IL-10对TNF-α的表达可能具有抑制作用。     

IgA肾病患者IL—2的产生及IL—2受体的表达

本文对IgA肾病(IgAN)外周血淋巴细胞白细胞介素2(IL-2)的产生、受体的表达及免疫球蛋白的产生进行了研究。结果发现:外周血淋巴细胞产生IL-2的活性明显增高,IL-2受体表达亦明显增强并伴有免疫球蛋白产生增多,提示IgAN存在着细胞免疫功能的紊乱。     

Cervical Concentrations of Interleukin-10 and Interleukin-12 Do Not Correlate with Plasma Levels

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infects the transformation zone of the cervix and is the primary cause of cervical cancer. The infection is localized to the cervix and mucosal immunity is likely to be an important determinant for viral clearance. Previous studies of immunity to HPV have measured immune markers in the blood, but the relationship of systemic immunity to cervical immunity is poorly understood. In this study of 70 women enrolled in the ASCUS-LSIL Triage Study (ALTS), a clinical trial for management of low-grade cytologic abnormalities of the cervix, we collected paired plasma and cervical secretions to investigate the relationship between cervical concentrations of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) and plasma levels. Neither IL-10 ( = 0.11), or IL-12 ( = –0.04) nor the ratio of IL-12 to IL-10 ( = 0.06) were correlated between blood and cervical secretions. Except for weak correlations of IL-10 among nonsmokers ( = 0.35, P = 0.019) and those in day 18–27 of their menstrual cycle ( = 0.51, P = 0.015), this lack of correlation persisted in all subgroups defined by genital inflammation or infection, current oral contraceptive use, heme contamination and volume of collected secretions, HPV16 seropositivity, and repeat HPV infection and/or cytologic abnormalities. The lack of correlation and high concentrations in cervical secretions indicate that the cervical IL-10 and IL-12 concentrations exceed what could be expected from blood as a principle source of IL-10 and IL-12 and suggest that cytokine concentrations in cervical secretions are predominantly the result of local cytokine production.     

白细胞介素－11对小鼠骨髓造血的影响

白细胞介素－１１（ＩＬ—１１）是一种新的造血生长因子，于１９９０年基因克隆成功．本文对ＩＬ—１１的造血调节作用进行了初步的研究，探讨了ＩＬ—１１及其与其它造血因子协同对小鼠骨髓造血祖细胞增殖的促进作用．结果表明，ＩＬ—１１单独对骨髓集落的形成无显著的促进作用，但与多系集落刺激因子ＩＬ－３一起则具有很强的协同作用，能明显促进小鼠骨髓Ｍｅｇ—ＣＦＵ和Ｍｉｘ－ＣＦＵ的形成．     

Interleukin-15 in the treatment of cancer

IL-15 is a 14–15 kDa member of the four α-helix bundle of cytokines that acts through a heterotrimeric receptor involving IL-2/IL-15R β, γc and the IL-15 specific receptor subunit IL-15R α. IL-15 stimulates the proliferation of T, B and NK cells, and induces stem, central and effector memory CD8 T cells. In rhesus macaques, continuous infusion of recombinant human IL-15 at 20 μg/kg/day was associated with approximately a 10-fold increase in the numbers of circulating NK, γ/δ cells and monocytes, and an 80- to 100-fold increase in the numbers of effector memory CD8 T cells. IL-15 has shown efficacy in murine models of malignancy. Clinical trials involving recombinant human IL-15 given by bolus infusions have been completed and by subcutaneous and continuous intravenous infusions are underway in patients with metastatic malignancy. Furthermore, clinical trials are being initiated that employ the combination of IL-15 with IL-15R α^+/- IgFc.     

Interleukin-1, Interleukin-1 Receptors and Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist

IL-1 (IL-1α or IL-1β) is the prototypic “multifunctional” cytokine. Unlike the lymphocyte and colony stimulating growth factors, IL-1 affects nearly every cell type, and often in concert with other cytokines or small mediator molecules. Although some lymphocyte and colony stimulating growth factors may be therapeutically useful, IL-1 is a highly inflammatory cytokine and the margin between clinical benefit and unacceptable toxicity in humans is exceedingly narrow. In contrast, agents that reduce the production and/or activity of IL-1 are likely to have an impact on clinical medicine. In support of this concept, there is growing evidence that the production and activity of IL-1, particularly IL-1β, are tightly regulated events as if nature has placed specific “road blocks” to reduce the response to IL-1 during disease. In addition to controlling gene expression, synthesis and secretion, this regulation extends to surface receptors, soluble receptors and a receptor antagonist. Investigators have studied how production of the different members of the IL-1 family is controlled, the various biological activities of IL-1, the distinct and various functions of the IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) family and the complexity of intracellular signaling. Mice deficient in IL-1β, IL-1β converting enzyme (ICE) and IL-1R type I have also been studied. Humans have been injected with IL-1 (either IL-1α or IL-1β) for enhancing bone marrow recovery and for cancer treatment. The IL-1 specific receptor antagonist (IL-IRa) has also been tested in clinical trials.     

Interleukin-35: odd one out or part of the family?

Summary: Advances in cytokine biology have helped us understand the complex communication that takes place between antigen-presenting cells and cells of the adaptive immune system, such as T cells, which collectively mediate an appropriate immune response to a plethora of pathogens while maintaining tolerance to self-antigens. The interleukin-12 (IL-12) cytokine family remains one of the most important and includes IL-12, IL-23, IL-27, and the recently identified IL-35. All four are heterodimeric cytokines, composed of an α chain (p19, p28, or p35) and a β chain (p40 or Ebi3), and signal through unique pairings of five receptor chains (IL-12Rβ1, IL-12Rβ2, IL-23R, gp130, and WSX-1). Despite the interrelationship between the cytokines themselves and their receptors, their source, activity, and kinetics of expression are quite different. Studies using genetically deficient mice have greatly enhanced our understanding of the biology of these cytokines. However, interpretation of these data has been complicated by the recent realization that p40^−/−, p35^−/−, and Ebi3^−/− mice all lack more than one cytokine (IL-12/IL-23, IL-12/IL-35, and IL-27/IL-35, respectively). In this review, we compare and contrast the biology of this expanded IL-12 family and re-evaluate data derived from the analysis of these dual cytokine-deficient mice. We also discuss how the opposing characteristics of the IL-12 family siblings may help to promote a balanced immune response.     

Association of Interleukin-1B and Interleukin-4 Gene Variants with Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases in Tunisian Population

Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) including Graves’ disease (GD) and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) are complex genetic diseases. Cytokines IL-1B and IL-4 play a role in the pathogenesis of AITD. This study was conducted on Tunisian patients with GD or HT to investigate the association of IL-1B and IL-4 gene polymorphisms with the risk and the prognosis of AITD. A total of 358 healthy controls and 341 patients with AITDs (249 HT and 92 GD) were genotyped for IL-1B+3953C/T and IL-4 intron 3 VNTR polymorphisms. A significant association was found between IL-1B+3953C/T polymorphism and GD or HT, both in the dominant and additive models. The IL-1B+3953T allele was associated with GD (p = 0.0003, OR = 1.93, CI = 1.34-2.78) and HT (p = 0.009, OR = 1.43, CI = 1.09-1.88). The IL-4 VNTR polymorphism was associated only with HT risk both in additive (p = 0.03, OR = 0.31, CI = 0.11-0.86) and recessive (p = 0.03, OR = 3.04, CI = 1.13-8.17) models. No significant association was found between IL-1B+3953C/T polymorphism and change in the serum concentrations of TSH and FT4 in GD and HT patients. In HT patients, the IL-1B+3953T allele (p = 0.009, OR = 0.42, CI = 0.22-0.83) and the IL-1B+3953T/T genotype (p = 0.03, OR = 0.21, CI = 0.04-1.07) were more frequent in the absence than in the presence of an anti-TPO antibody. The proportion of HT patients with the P1P2 genotype of the IL-4 gene was significantly higher in the absence than in the presence of the anti-TPO antibody (p = 0.04, OR = 0.39, CI = 0.17-0.89). These preliminary results suggest that IL-1B and IL-4 gene polymorphisms may be associated with GD and HT susceptibility and may represent prognostic factors for predicting the severity of HT.     

白细胞介素10免疫调节功能的研究进展

白细胞介素10（IL-10）作为一种多效价的细胞因子,最初认为其主要由Th2细胞产生,随后的研究发现Th1、Th17、调节性T细胞（Treg）、Th9以及CD8＋T细胞和B细胞均可以产生IL-10 另外固有免疫细胞以及角质形成细胞、上皮细胞和肿瘤细胞等也产生IL-10.IL-10通过与细胞表面IL-IOR1和IL-IOR2相互作用并主要激活JAK.STAT通路发挥生物学作用.IL-10可以抑制抗原提呈细胞的活化,共刺激分子的表达以及提成抗原的能力,降低促炎性细胞因子的合成,参与免疫球蛋白（Ig）的类别转换以及介导肿瘤细胞免疫逃逸等的发生.IL-10在炎症,多种自身免疫病以及肿瘤,移植排斥反应等多种疾病的发生和发展过程中都有重要的免疫调节作用.     

Interleukin-4 reversed the Interleukin-1-inhibited proteoglycan synthesis through the inhibition of NO release: a possible involvement of intracellular calcium ion

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) causes cartilage degradation through nitric oxide (NO) synthesis. Although Interleukin-4 (IL-4) antagonizes the IL-1-mediated cartilage degradation, the precise mechanisms are not clear. We examined the effect of IL-4 on NO synthesis in parallel with intracellular Ca levels ([Ca²⁺]i) and proteoglycan (PG) synthesis. IL-4-inhibited IL-1-enhanced NO release in a dose–dependent manner. IL-1-enhanced [Ca²⁺]i in the chondrocytes, and IL-4 attenuated this increase. IL-4 reversed IL-1-inhibited PG synthesis. Accordingly, IL-4 reversed the IL-1-inhibited PG synthesis through the inhibition of NO release. An increase in [Ca²⁺]i with IL-1 is possibly involved in this action.     

白细胞介素-3的分子生物学

白细胞介素-3(Interleukin-3,IL-3)是T细胞分泌的一种蛋白质因子,它除与T细胞的增殖与分化有关外、最重要的生物功能是刺激骨髓早期多能祖细胞增殖,促进多种造血祖细胞的增殖与分化,故又有多能集落刺激因子(Pluripotent CSF)之称。最近发现某些白血病的发生可能与IL-3基因的缺失有关、因此,阐明IL-3基因的结构及其表达的调节,对研究某些严重血液病,如再生障碍性贫血,急性放射病及某些白血病的发生机制,具有重要意义。