阿托伐他汀与瑞舒伐他汀对颈动脉粥样硬化患者的作用比较

目的探讨阿托伐他汀与瑞舒伐他汀在预防颈动脉粥样硬化患者发生脑梗死中的作用以及对肝功能的影响。方法 160例颈动脉粥样硬化患者随机分为两组。阿托伐他汀组给予阿托伐他汀钙片,每晚20mg,瑞舒伐他汀组给予瑞舒伐他汀片,每晚10mg。观察使用不同他汀片治疗后肝功能异常发生率。结果使用不同他汀片治疗一年中脑梗死发生率相比有统计学意义(χ2=4.74,P<0.05);一年内肝功能异常发生率有统计学意义(χ2=4.10,P<0.05)。结论瑞舒伐他汀比阿托伐他汀具有较强稳定颈动脉粥样斑块的作用,减少了脑梗死的发生,而且在长期发挥治疗作用的同时,肝功能出现异常的发生率要低于阿托伐他汀。     

阿托伐他汀钙片、瑞舒伐他汀钙片与氟伐他汀钠缓释胶囊治疗高龄冠心病效果比较评价

目的研究阿托伐他汀钙片、瑞舒伐他汀钙片与氟伐他汀钠缓释胶囊治疗高龄冠心病的效果。方法回顾性分析2018年3月至2019年2月收治的90例高龄冠心病患者临床资料,按照治疗方法分为三组,甲组采用阿托伐他汀钙片治疗,乙组应用瑞舒伐他汀钙片治疗,丙组采用氟伐他汀钠缓释胶囊治疗。将各组的血脂指标、心脏功能指标进行比对。结果三组患者治疗前后、治疗后的血脂指标、心脏功能指标进行比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);三组治疗后的TC、TG、LDL-C、LVEF、LVESD、LVEDD与治疗前进行比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在高龄冠心病患者的治疗中,阿托伐他汀钙片、瑞舒伐他汀钙片与氟伐他汀钠缓释胶囊三种他汀类药物的治疗效果相当,均有助于血脂水平、心脏功能的改善。     

阿托伐他汀与瑞舒伐他汀治疗冠心病的临床疗效对比分析

目的观察对比阿托伐他汀与瑞舒伐他汀治疗冠心病的临床疗效。方法选择2011年5月~2012年5月期间我院收治的冠心病患者108例,根据随机性原则将其平均分为研究组与对照组。两组患者均给予基础药物治疗,在此基础上研究组采用瑞舒伐他汀治疗,对照组采用阿托伐他汀治疗。结果治疗1年后,研究组血浆TG、TC、LDL-C指标明显低于对照组(P0.05),HDL-C指标明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论阿托伐他汀与瑞舒伐他汀治疗冠心病,后者的作用更强、疗效更显著、安全可靠,适于临床广泛应用。     

瑞舒伐他汀、阿托伐他汀对行PCI的急性前壁ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者疗效比较

目的比较瑞舒伐他汀、阿托伐他汀对行急诊PCI的急性前壁ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者的治疗效果。方法选择行急诊PCI的急性前壁STEMI患者126例,随机分为阿托伐他汀组62例、瑞舒伐他汀组64例。比较住院期间两组血脂、心肌酶、hs-CRP、pro-BNP水平及PCI手术前后心脏舒张功能。结果两组心肌酶、血脂、pro-BNP、LVEF、LVEDD等比较均无统计学差异,但瑞舒伐他汀组在降低hs-CRP、E/A方面优于阿托伐他汀组(P均<0.05)。结论瑞舒伐他汀能够显著降低接受急诊PCI的急性前壁STEMI患者血清hs-CRP水平,同时对舒张功能有较好的改善作用,其效果优于阿托伐他汀。     

瑞舒伐他汀与阿托伐他汀对急诊PCI患者血脂及炎症因子的影响

目的 比较国产瑞舒伐他汀与阿托伐他汀对急诊冠脉介入术(PCI)术后患者血脂及炎症因子水平的影响.方法 入选70例急性心肌梗死患者随机分为两组.A组患者PCI术前给予瑞舒伐他汀10 mg,B组患者PCI术前给予阿托伐他汀40 mg,PCI术后两组他汀按原剂量维持.检测两组治疗前后血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、白介素-6(IL-6)及血脂水平.结果 两组治疗后与治疗前相比总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、CRP、IL-6 、三酰甘油(TG)均明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)无明显变化(P>0.05).结论 国产瑞舒伐他汀10 mg剂量具有与进口阿托伐他汀40 mg剂量类似的调脂抗炎作用,能降低急诊PCI患者血脂及炎症因子水平.     

瑞舒伐他汀与阿托伐他汀治疗冠心病的效果对比观察

目的比较观察瑞舒伐他汀和阿托伐他汀治疗冠心病的临床效果。方法选取2014-06~2016-09心内科收治的160例冠心病患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组80例。观察组给予瑞舒伐他汀治疗,对照组给予同等剂量的阿托伐他汀进行治疗,连续治疗12个月后,观察两组患者治疗前后的血脂水平、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、颈动脉内膜-中膜厚度(IMT)水平和不良反应发生率。结果两组患者治疗后TC、TG、LDL-C水平均降低,HDL-C水平均升高。观察组治疗后TC[(4. 01±0. 50) mmol/L]、TG[(1. 44±0. 49) mmol/L]、LDL-C [(1. 95±0. 32) mmol/L]、HDL-C [(1. 79±0. 14) mmol/L]相比于对照组[分别为(4. 78±0. 49) mmol/L、(1. 69±0. 41) mmol/L、(2. 35±0. 39) mmol/L、(1. 15±0. 11) mmol/L]差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。治疗后观察组hs-CRP、Hcy、颈动脉IMT水平及不良反应发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。结论对于冠心病患者,相同剂量的瑞舒伐他汀的调脂效果优于阿托伐他汀,且不良反应发生率低于阿托伐他汀。     

瑞舒伐他汀治疗老年稳定型冠心病的效果和对心功能的影响评价

目的探讨老年稳定型冠心病患者实施瑞舒伐他汀治疗的效果和对心功能的影响。方法将本院内科老年稳定型冠心病60例患者(2018年1月到2019年5月间)纳入研究,用计算机实施随机分组,分为:阿托伐他汀组(n=30)、瑞舒伐他汀组(n=30),对阿托伐他汀组实施阿托伐他汀治疗,瑞舒伐他汀组实施瑞舒伐他汀治疗,分析患者颈动脉内膜中膜厚度、血管内皮功能及心功能状况。结果瑞舒伐他汀组治疗后颈动脉内膜中膜厚度、血清内皮素-1水平、左室收缩末期容积与阿托伐他汀组组间对比更低,血清一氧化氮水平、左室射血分数与阿托伐他汀组组间对比更高,差异显著(P<0.05)。结论老年稳定型冠心病患者实施瑞舒伐他汀治疗可降低斑块厚度,改善血管内皮功能及心功能。     

阿托伐他汀和瑞舒伐他汀对不稳定型心绞痛患者PCI术后心肌损伤和炎性因子的影响

目的探讨阿托伐他汀和瑞舒伐他汀对不稳定型心绞痛患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后心肌损伤和炎性因子的影响。方法随机选取不稳定型心绞痛患者80例,随机分为阿托伐他汀组(n=40)和瑞舒伐他汀组(n=40)。在常规治疗基础上瑞舒伐他汀患者在PCI术前给予瑞舒伐他汀治疗1周,阿托伐他汀组患者在PCI术前给予阿托伐他汀治疗1周,对两组患者用药前、术前、术后24h心肌损伤标记物的变化以及炎性反应进行监测。结果术后24h时,与阿托伐他汀组比较,瑞舒伐他汀组的超敏C反应蛋白、白细胞介素_6、肌酸激酶同工酶、心肌肌钙蛋白均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(均P0.05);而IL_10的水平则明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在不稳定性心绞痛患者PCI术前应用瑞舒伐他汀不仅可以减轻患者心肌的损伤,还能在一定程度上降低炎性反应,效果优于同剂量阿托伐他汀。     

瑞舒伐他汀与阿托伐他汀治疗冠心病98例临床疗效对比分析

目的对比分析冠心病患者行瑞舒伐他汀与阿托伐他汀诊治的临床疗效。方法选取我院2012年12月-2013年12月接收的冠心病患者98例,随机分为对照组与观察组,每组49例,给予对照组阿托伐他汀治疗,给予观察组瑞舒伐他汀治疗,观察两组患者的临床疗效。结果对照组患者总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)等血脂指标明显不及观察组,且超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平明显高于观察组,而左室射血分数(LVEF)等心功能指标改善不及观察组,组间比较差异显著(P<0.05)。结论冠心病患者行瑞舒伐他汀治疗的效果要优于阿托伐他汀治疗效果,且安全性更高,值得推广。     

瑞舒伐他汀对急性冠脉综合征血浆细胞因子水平的影响及临床价值分析

目的探讨瑞舒伐他汀对急性冠脉综合征(ACS)血浆细胞因子的影响。方法 87例ACS患者分为瑞舒伐他汀组44例和阿托伐他汀组43例,其中根据瑞舒伐他汀剂量又分为瑞舒伐他汀20 mg组22例和瑞舒伐他汀10 mg组22例,治疗6月;另选35例在我院体检中心体检的健康人群作为对照组。对比各组血浆炎症细胞因子水平、检测斑块的形状和回声情况、大小、数量和厚度,同时测量分叉内膜厚度(IMT)。结果瑞舒伐他汀20 mg组、瑞舒伐他汀10 mg组在血清肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-9)和超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平明显低于阿托伐他汀组(P0.05)。瑞舒伐他汀20 mg组、瑞舒伐他汀10 mg组在斑块厚度、IMT减少方面,明显优于阿托伐他汀组,但瑞舒伐他汀20 mg组与瑞舒伐他汀10 mg组比较未见明显差异。结论 ACS患者早期服用小剂量瑞舒伐他汀可降低血浆细胞因子水平,减轻反应炎症,稳定动脉粥样斑块,从而降低严重心血管病发生率,改善ACS患者的预后。     

妊娠时间与肺结核复发的相关性研究及诊治对策

目的 分析肺结核史患者妊娠时间和肺结核复发间相关性.方法 选取我院收治的有肺结核史的妊娠妇女576例作为研究对象,对其妊娠前肺结核治疗、治愈后妊娠时间、妊娠后复发肺结核等进行分析,总结有肺结核史育龄女性的妊娠时间和肺结核复发之间的关系.结果 肺结核治愈后不同时间段妊娠者的结核复发率比较,差异具有显著性（P＜0.05）,停药后间隔时间越久妊娠,肺结核复发的几率越小.结论 加强孕期痰菌检查,及早发现复发肺结核,提高母婴安全.     

我国骨关节结核诊治的回顾与展望

骨关节结核是危害人们健康的严重感染性疾病,近95％由他处结核病继发而来.罹患骨关节结核疾病后几乎均将致残,严重影响人们的健康、工作和生活.建国以来在党和国家的关心和支持下,骨关节结核的诊治水平取得了长足进步.时至今日,由于多种原因,学科发展和被重视程度受到一定的制约,同整个医疗行业的发展不相适应.回顾过去,展望未来,我们需要重新审视骨关节结核的诊治方法,努力推进骨关节结核诊疗技术的科学发展.     

Effect of phosphorylation of MAPK and Stat3 and expression of c-fos and c-jun proteins on hepatocarcinogenesis and their clinical significance

AIM To study the effect of phosphorylation ofMAPK and Stat3 and the expression of c-fos andc-jun proteins on hepatocellular carcinogenesisand their clinical significance.METHODS SP immunohistochemistry was usedto detect the expression of p42/44~(MAPK), p-Stat3,c-fos and c-jun proteins in 55 hepatocellularcarcinomas (HCC) and their surrounding livertissues.RESULTS The positive rates and expressionlevels of p42/44~(MAPK), p-Stat3, c-fos and c-junproteins in HCCs were significantly higher thanthose in pericarcinomatous liver tissues (PCLT).A positive correlation was observed between theexpression of p42/44~(MAPK) and c-fos proteins, andbetween p-Stat3 and c-jun, but there was nosignificant correlation between P42/44~(MAPK) and p-Stat3 in HCCs and their surrounding livertissues.CONCLUSION The abnormalities of Ras/Raf/MAPK and JAKs/ Stat3 cascade reaction maycontribute to malignant transformation ofhepatocytes. Hepatocytes which are positive forp42/ 44~(MAPK), c-fos or c-jun proteins may bepotential malignant pre-cancerous cells.Activation of MAPK and Stat3 proteins may be anearly event in hepatocellular carcinogenesis.     

Overweight and Obesity and Progression of ADPKD

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Effect of phosphorylation of MAPK and Stat3 and expression of c-fas and c-jun proteins on hepatocarcinogenesis and their clinical significance

AIM To study the effect of phosphorylation ofMAPK and Stat3 and the expression of c-fos andc-jun proteins on hepatocellular carcinogenesisand their clinical significance.METHODS SP immunohistochemistry was usedto detect the expression of p42/44MAPK, p-Stat3,c-fos and c-jun proteins in 55 hepatocellularcarcinomas (HCC) and their surrounding livertissues.RESULTS The positive rates and expressionlevels of p42/44MAPK, p-Stat3, c-fos and c-junproteins in HCCs were significantly higher thanthose in pericarcinomatous liver tissues (PCLT).A positive correlation was observed between theexpression of p42/44MAPK and c-fos proteins, andbetween p-Stat3 and c-jun, but there was nosignificant correlation between p42/44MAPK and p-Stat3 in HCCs and their surrounding livertissues.CONCLUSION The abnormalities of Ras/Rat/MAPK and JAKs/ Stat3 cascade reaction maycontribute to malignant transformation ofhepatocytes. Hepatocytes which are positive forp42/ 44MAPK, c-fos or c-jun proteins may bepotential malignant pre-cancerous cells.Activation of MAPK and Stat3 proteins may be anearly event in hepatocellular carcinogenesis.     

Replication and Inhibitors of Enteroviruses and Parechoviruses

The Enterovirus (EV) and Parechovirus genera of the picornavirus family include many important human pathogens, including poliovirus, rhinovirus, EV-A71, EV-D68, and human parechoviruses (HPeV). They cause a wide variety of diseases, ranging from a simple common cold to life-threatening diseases such as encephalitis and myocarditis. At the moment, no antiviral therapy is available against these viruses and it is not feasible to develop vaccines against all EVs and HPeVs due to the great number of serotypes. Therefore, a lot of effort is being invested in the development of antiviral drugs. Both viral proteins and host proteins essential for virus replication can be used as targets for virus inhibitors. As such, a good understanding of the complex process of virus replication is pivotal in the design of antiviral strategies goes hand in hand with a good understanding of the complex process of virus replication. In this review, we will give an overview of the current state of knowledge of EV and HPeV replication and how this can be inhibited by small-molecule inhibitors.     

Effects of sex and time of day on metabolism and excretion of corticosterone in urine and feces of mice

Non-invasive techniques to monitor stress hormones in small animals like mice offer several advantages and are highly demanded in laboratory as well as in field research. Since knowledge about the species-specific metabolism and excretion of glucocorticoids is essential to develop such a technique, we conducted radiometabolism studies in mice (Mus musculus f. domesticus, strain C57BL/6J). Each mouse was injected intraperitoneally with 740 kBq of 3H-labelled corticosterone and all voided urine and fecal samples were collected for five days. In a first experiment 16 animals (eight of each sex) received the injection at 9 a.m., while eight mice (four of each sex) were injected at 9 p.m. in a second experiment. In both experiments radioactive metabolites were recovered predominantly in the feces, although males excreted significantly higher proportions via the feces (about 73%) than females (about 53%). Peak radioactivity in the urine was detected within about 2h after injection, while in the feces peak concentrations were observed later (depending on the time of injection: about 10h postinjection in experiment 1 and about 4h postinjection in experiment 2, thus proving an effect of the time of day). The number and relative abundance of fecal [3H]corticosterone metabolites was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The HPLC separations revealed that corticosterone was extensively metabolized mainly to more polar substances. Regarding the types of metabolites formed, significant differences were found between males and females, but not between the experiments. Additionally, the immunoreactivity of these metabolites was assessed by screening the HPLC fractions with four enzyme immunoassays (EIA). However, only a newly established EIA for 5alpha-pregnane-3beta,11beta,21-triol-20-one (measuring corticosterone metabolites with a 5alpha-3beta,11beta-diol structure) detected several peaks of radioactive metabolites with high intensity in both sexes, while the other EIAs showed only minor immunoreactivity. Thus, our study for the first time provides substantial information about metabolism and excretion of corticosterone in urine and feces of mice and is the first demonstrating a significant impact of the animals' sex and the time of day. Based on these data it should be possible to monitor adrenocortical activity non-invasively in this species by measuring fecal corticosterone metabolites with the newly developed EIA. Since mice are extensively used in research world-wide, this could open new perspectives in various fields from ecology to behavioral endocrinology.     

心电图、心电向量图与冠状动脉造影结果对比分析

目的:通过分析心电图(Electrocardiogram,ECG)和心电向量图(Vectorcardiogram,VCG)的改变与冠脉造影（CAG）结果进行对比,探讨ECG、VCG在冠状动脉病变中的诊断价值。方法: 选择2008年1月~2009年12月临床拟诊断为冠心病患者108例,行常规ECG、VCG检查,并于1周内进行CAG,对检查结果依据各自的诊断标准进行判定,以CAG为标准诊断法,利用四格表法,计算相关评价真实性的指标并进行比较。结果: ①VCG检测的灵敏度、特异度、准确度显著高于ECG(P<0.05,P<0．01)。②ECG、VCG阳性率与冠脉病变支数组间比较:在单支病变、双支病变中,VCG阳性率明显高于ECG(P<0.05),左主干或三支病变无统计学意义;组内比较:ECG组左主干或三支病变组较单支病变、双支病变阳性率高(P<0.05,P<0.01);VCG组左主干或三支病变组较单支病变阳性率高(P<0.05);与双支病变阳性率比较无统计学意义;③ECG、VCG阳性率与冠脉病变程度组间比较:冠脉病变狭窄50%～69%的VCG阳性率明显高于ECG (P<0.05),其他两组阳性率比较无统计学意义;组内比较:ECG组冠脉病变狭窄≥90%较50%～69%、70%～89%的阳性率高(P<0.05,P<0.01); VCG组狭窄≥90%较50%～69%阳性率高（P<0.01),其他无统计学意义。结论: VCG对冠心病检测价值显著高于ECG。     

Detection and characterization of the product of hydroethidine and intracellular superoxide by HPLC and limitations of fluorescence

Here we report the structural characterization of the product formed from the reaction between hydroethidine (HE) and superoxide (O(2)(.-)). By using mass spectral and NMR techniques, the chemical structure of this product was determined as 2-hydroxyethidium (2-OH-E(+)). By using an authentic standard, we developed an HPLC approach to detect and quantitate the reaction product of HE and O(2)(.-) formed in bovine aortic endothelial cells after treatment with menadione or antimycin A to induce intracellular reactive oxygen species. Concomitantly, we used a spin trap, 5-tert-butoxycarbonyl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (BMPO), to detect and identify the structure of reactive oxygen species formed. BMPO trapped the O(2)(.-) that formed extracellularly and was detected as the BMPO-OH adduct during use of the EPR technique. BMPO, being cell-permeable, inhibited the intracellular formation of 2-OH-E(+). However, the intracellular BMPO spin adduct was not detected. The definitive characterization of the reaction product of O(2)(.-) with HE described here forms the basis of an unambiguous assay for intracellular detection and quantitation of O(2)(.-). Analysis of the fluorescence characteristics of ethidium (E(+)) and 2-OH-E(+) strongly suggests that the currently available fluorescence methodology is not suitable for quantitating intracellular O(2)(.-). We conclude that the HPLC/fluorescence assay using HE as a probe is more suitable [corrected] for detecting intracellular O(2)(.-).     

荣宝和氯硝柳胺灭螺效果比较及成本分析

目的 评价新型灭螺药物荣宝杀灭钉螺的效果,探讨其推广应用价值.方法 按目前推荐的荣宝灭螺剂量,喷洒法为30 g/m2,浸杀法为50 g/m3;氯硝柳胺喷洒法和浸杀法分别采用2 g/m2和2 g/m3杀螺剂量,分别在室内和现场进行灭螺试验,观察两种药物的灭螺效果并初步分析评估其成本.结果 在现场气温22～30℃条件下,荣宝50 g/m3浸杀3、5、7 d后,螺袋内钉螺校正死亡率均达到100.0%,与氯硝柳胺2 g/m3灭螺效果相似;荣宝30 g/m2剂量喷洒3、5、7、15 d后,钉螺校正死亡率分别为54.5%、58.0%、69.0%、79.1%,氯硝柳胺喷洒组钉螺校正死亡率分别为61.0%、69.4%、76.7%、77.9%.在室温18℃条件下,荣宝以30 g/m2喷洒3、5、7、15 d后,钉螺校正死亡率分别为72.9%、87.2%、91.5%、76.1%;而相应2 g/m2氯硝柳胺喷洒后的钉螺校正死亡率分别为81.3%、95.7%、97.9%、80.4%.同样完成1000 m2的喷洒灭螺任务,荣宝所需灭螺药物和人力资费成本比氯硝柳胺多支出0.114元/m2;完成72 m3的浸杀灭螺任务,荣宝所需灭螺药物和人力资费成本比氯硝柳胺多支出0.127元/m3.50 g/m3荣宝浸杀灭螺剂量,对成鱼(＞250 g)的活力不会造成影响,但对鱼类幼苗仍具较强毒性.结论 荣宝与氯硝柳胺灭螺效果相似,由于其成本较高,氯硝柳胺仍然是目前首选灭螺药物,但荣宝的鱼类毒性低,可作为氯硝柳胺之外有益的补充灭螺药物.