中耳炎鼓膜小穿孔耳内镜治疗的研究

目的　探讨鼓膜小穿孔的慢性化脓性中耳炎耳内镜下手术修补方式的选择。方法　回顾性分析2016年3月～2018年10月我科诊治的90例慢性化脓性中耳炎鼓膜小穿孔患者,根据修补方式（内置法或夹层法）和手术时鼓室黏膜情况（干耳或湿耳）,观察对比鼓膜愈合率及术后3个月听力改善情况。结果　90例患者干性穿孔53例,鼓膜穿孔边缘潮湿者（湿耳）37例;内植法64例,夹层法26例。术后鼓膜一期愈合87例,夹层法术后鼓膜愈合率高于内植法,但两者比较差异无统计学意义（P =0.554）。湿耳组中夹层法修复鼓膜成功率高于内植法,两者比较差异有统计学意义（Fisher确切概率法P =0.047）。术后3个月平均气导听阈较术前显著提高,差异有统计学意义 （t =5.055,P＜0.05）,气骨导差明显缩小与术前比较,差异有统计学意义（t =5.351,P＜0.05）。结论　耳内镜下内置法鼓膜成形术治疗中耳炎鼓膜小穿孔,有微创、便捷和疗效确切等优势。针对鼓膜穿孔边缘潮湿、耳漏反复发作及前上象限穿孔者,该术式需慎重考虑,应优先选择夹层法鼓膜成形术。     

耳内镜下内外植法鼓膜修补术的临床观察

目的探讨耳内镜下内外植法鼓膜修补术的疗效。方法回顾性分析25例(29耳)采用耳内镜下内外植法鼓膜修补术(内外植法组)及32例(35耳)采用显微镜下夹层法鼓膜修补术(夹层法组)的边缘性鼓膜穿孔患者的临床资料,比较两组治疗效果。结果术后2个月复查,内外植法组鼓膜愈合率93.10%(27/29),平均听力提高8.7±4dB;夹层法组愈合率91.43%(32/35),平均听力提高9±3.6dB;两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后3个月复查,内外植法组再穿孔2耳(7.0%,2/29),夹层法组再穿孔3耳(8.57%,3/35),两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);内外植法组鼓膜内陷1耳(3.45%,1/29),夹层法组鼓膜内陷7耳(20%,7/35),两组比较,夹层法组鼓膜内陷发生率高于内外植法组,差异有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论内外植法与夹层法鼓膜修补术近期疗效无明显差异,但内外植法能减少术后鼓膜内陷,适用于边缘性鼓膜穿孔的治疗。     

两种鼓膜修补法的临床疗效观察

目的探讨内植法鼓膜修补术与夹层法鼓膜修补术修补鼓膜穿孔的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析63例（66耳）行内植法鼓膜修补术与夹层法鼓膜修补术修补鼓膜的临床资料,对两种修补方法治愈率进行分析。结果全部患者术后随访时间6个月,内植法鼓膜修补术组32耳愈合率为90.63%（29/32）,平均听力提高14.5dB;夹层法鼓膜修补术组34耳愈合率为91.18%（31/34）,平均听力提高15.7dB。两种手术方法在鼓膜愈合率及听力提高方面无统计学差异。结论内植法鼓膜修补术与夹层法鼓膜修补术是两种有效的鼓膜修补方法 ,临床上可以酌情选用。     

不同术式及材料鼓膜成形术的疗效观察

目的 探讨根据鼓膜穿孔大小选择不同鼓膜成形术及修补材料的可行性及疗效.方法 255例鼓膜穿孔患者,根据鼓膜穿孔大小,分别对98例鼓膜小穿孔患者(穿孔直径小于3 mm)采用耳内镜下或显微镜下脂肪团块嵌塞法行鼓膜修补术,对75例鼓膜中穿孔患者(穿孔直径3~5 mm)行耳内镜下或显微镜下耳屏软骨-软骨膜内置法、不制作外耳道皮瓣行鼓膜修补术,对82例鼓膜大穿孔患者(穿孔直径大于5 mm)行显微镜下耳屏软骨-软骨膜内置法、制作外耳道皮瓣行鼓膜修补术.术后1~3个月行耳内镜复查,观察其疗效.结果 三种手术方式修补鼓膜小、中、大穿孔的愈合率分别为98.0%(96/98)、96.0%(72/75) 和96.34%(79/82),总愈合率为96.86%(247/255),术后言语频率平均气导听阈20.1±4.3 dB HL.结论 针对鼓膜穿孔大小选择不同鼓膜成形术及修补材料是可行的,其疗效均满意.     

耳屏岛状软骨-软骨膜在鼓膜成形术中的应用

目的探讨采用耳屏岛状软骨-软骨膜修补鼓膜大穿孔的手术方法及临床效果。方法64例（64耳）鼓膜穿孔患者用耳屏岛状软骨-软骨膜行鼓膜修复,所有患者均采用内植法一期完成手术。术后1年复查耳内镜及纯音听阈,并对结果进行分析。结果所有患者术后无耳鸣加重、无眩晕、无面瘫等。除1例鼓膜再穿孔外,余均愈合,愈合率为98．4％（63／64）;术后1年复查纯音测听语言频率平均气导听阈为29．1dB（术前为38．3dB）,骨气导差距平均为13．4dB（术前为24．6dB）,手术前后比较差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论耳屏岛状软骨-软骨膜修复鼓膜穿孔是一种可靠的方法,尤其适合于鼓膜大穿孔、复发性穿孔患者。     

耳内镜下耳屏软骨膜夹层法鼓膜修补的临床疗效分析

目的　探讨耳内镜下耳屏软骨膜夹层法鼓膜修补术的临床疗效。方法　采用回顾性研究方法分析耳内镜下耳屏软骨膜夹层法修补鼓膜的80例患者,对患者术后鼓膜穿孔愈合率、鼓膜愈合形态、听力改善情况、并发症等随访至少1年。结果　80例鼓膜愈合79例,愈合率为98.8%;所有鼓膜愈合形态良好;患者术前与术后1年气导平均听阈分别为（39.1±8.5）dB HL、（20.5±9.1）dB HL,差异有统计学意义（t =10.31,P <0.01）;术前与术后1年平均气骨导差分别为（21.1±5.5）dB、（9.5±7.1）dB,差异有统计学意义 （t =7.84,P <0.01）,听力改善明显。所有病例术后均未出现严重并发症。结论　耳内镜下耳屏软骨膜夹层法修补穿孔鼓膜,术后鼓膜愈合形态佳,听力恢复良好,是一种有效的手术方法,可供临床选择和推广。     

夹层法鼓膜成形术治疗鼓膜穿孔53耳报告

目的：进一步探讨夹层法鼓膜成形术治疗鼓膜穿孔的疗效。方法;以夹层法鼓膜成形订治疗５３耳鼓膜穿孔,并与同时期行内植法治疗的１６８耳进行疗效比较。结果：夹层法组穿孔愈合率为９６．２％,内植法组为８５．７％;夹层法组听力恢复明显优于内植法组,且术后咽鼓管功能保持良好,在保持鼓膜前下锐角和锥形方面,夹层法亦优于内植法。结论：夹层法彭膜成形术是治疗鼓膜穿孔的较为理想的方法。     

耳内镜下鼓膜修补术

目的探讨应用耳内镜下鼓膜修补术治疗鼓膜穿孔的疗效.方法应用单手操作行前内植后夹层法鼓膜成形术,治疗30耳鼓膜穿孔.结果有28耳愈合良好听力提高较为满意,穿孔愈合率为93.3%,与在显微镜下手术疗效无明显差异.结论应用耳内镜手术治疗鼓膜穿孔方便、灵活、视野好,为一较理想的手术方法.     

耳内镜下生物羊膜治疗鼓膜穿孔的疗效观察

目的探讨耳内镜下利用生物羊膜移植行鼓膜穿孔修补术的临床疗效。方法选取苏州市吴中人民医院2015 年4月~2017年3月收治的38例（38耳）接受耳内镜下采用生物羊膜行鼓膜穿孔修补术患者为研究对象。对所有患者术后3、6个月鼓膜穿孔愈合情况以及术后6个月听力恢复情况进行统计学分析。结果38例患者术后3、6个月鼓膜愈合分别为36（94.7%）、35（92.1%）；术后6个月复查纯音测听气导平均听阈为（28.42±7.31）dB，较术前提高（17.19±5.31）dB；手术前后听力比较差异具有统计学意义（t=10.091，P﹤0.05）。结论耳内镜下利用生物羊膜行鼓膜修补术，避免了自体取材造成的手术切口创伤与瘢痕，且具有手术时间短，患者术中出血量少等优点，为鼓膜穿孔提供了一种微创、安全有效、相对经济的治疗方法，值得临床推广应用。     

三种不同方式鼓膜修补术的临床观察

目的探讨根据鼓膜穿孔大小选择不同鼓膜修补方法的可行性和疗效观察。方法选择2008年1月-2012年1月鼓膜穿孔患者,根据鼓膜穿孔大小,分别对90例鼓膜小穿孔患者（穿孔直径〈3mm）采用耳内镜下脂肪团块嵌塞法,对70例鼓膜中穿孔患者（穿孔直径3-5mm）行耳内镜下脂肪平片内置法,对80例鼓膜大穿孔患者（穿孔直径〉5mm）行显微镜下颞肌筋膜内置法。术后1-3个月分别行耳内镜检查。结果3种手术方式修补鼓膜穿孔的愈合率分别为100％（90／90）、97％（68／70）和95％（76／80）,总愈合率为97．5％（234／240）。结论针对每个患者鼓膜穿孔大小选择不同鼓膜修补术是可行的,并取得了良好的临床效果。     

Overlay versus underlay myringoplasty: report of outcomes considering closure of perforation and hearing function

In this series of patients, the underlay or overlay positioning of a graft achieves successful outcome for both repair of perforation and hearing function, with better hearing gain in the underlay group. In myringoplasty, the two most common techniques for positioning the graft relative to the remnant of both the tympanic membrane and the annulus are the "overlay" and the "underlay" techniques. 115 patients who underwent myringoplasty for tympanic membrane perforation secondary to chronic otitis media and/or trauma were included, and hearing function was evaluated. We prefer an overlay technique in subtotal perforations, in those involving the anterior and antero-inferior parts of the ear drum with respect to the handle of the malleus and in revision surgery. We reserve an underlay technique for smaller perforations and for those limited to the posterior part of the tympanic membrane. Of 115 cases, 63 underwent an overlay myringoplasty and 52 underlay myringoplasty. In the former group, five cases were anatomically unsuccessful, whereas in the second group there were three failures. The air bone gap improved significantly in both groups with a better hearing gain in the underlay group.     

耳内镜下内衬法与夹层法鼓膜修补术的疗效观察

目的 对耳内镜下内衬法和夹层法完成慢性化脓性中耳炎(CSOM)患者鼓膜修补术进行疗效观察.方法 回顾性分析2019年6月-2021年6月收治的经耳内镜内衬法和夹层法行鼓膜修补的CSOM患者的临床资料,共66例CSOM患者入组观察,随机分为两组由同一术者分别以内衬法(33例)和夹层法(33例)完成Ⅰ型鼓室成形术.比较其鼓...     

Results of inlay cartilage myringoplasty in terms of closure of central tympanic membrane perforations

There is a current effort to perform myringoplasty for tympanic membrane perforations as a day-stay procedure. In 1998, an inlay myringoplasty using tragal cartilage/perichondrium was described. A retrospective study was performed by the author to analyse the results of inlay cartilage myringoplasty, in terms of closure of simple perforations of the tympanic membrane. The results of a control group of previous cases of underlay temporalis fascia myringoplasty were retrieved from the hospital records. All the operations in both groups were performed by the same author at the same institution. The operation of inlay cartilage butterfly myringoplasty has been performed in 28 ears with simple central tympanic membrane perforations. Inconsistent results have been obtained, in that only 43 per cent showed closure of the perforation at the most recent follow-up. A control group of standard underlay temporalis fascia myringoplasty has been performed by the same author in 23 ears. Eighty-three per cent of the perforations were closed at the last follow-up. The difference is statistically highly significant (p < 0.01).     

Interlay method for myringoplasty.

Sixty-nine ears with perforation of the tympanic membrane were reviewed. All had undergone myringoplasty by the interlay method. The average period for complete epithelization was 16.1 days after surgery. Neither blunting of the anterior tympanomeatal angle nor lateralization of the tympanic membrane was observed. The success rate was 94.2% for the initial surgery, when "success" is defined as closure of the perforation and complete epithelization (dry ear). The surgical technique and various advantages of the interlay method of myringoplasty are described.     

耳内镜下异体真皮基质修补鼓膜大穿孔

目的探讨耳内镜下用异体真皮基质修补鼓膜大穿孔的可行性及效果。方法回顾性分析45例鼓膜大穿孔患者的临床资料,患者术前分别行耳内镜检查、听力学检查,有中耳感染史者行CT检查。其中术前电测听语言频率平均气骨导间距(ABG)为(31.23±1.52)dB。45例患者均在耳内镜下经外耳道径路翻起外耳道鼓膜皮瓣,用异体真皮基质内植修补鼓膜。结果术后随访6个月至2年,术后3个月时一次性穿孔愈合率91％。术后3个月复查电测听,平均ABG为(13.07±2.00)dB,与术前比较差异具有统计学意义(t=8.09, P<0.00)。结论耳内镜下异体真皮基质内植修补鼓膜大穿孔,具有微创,体表无切口,愈合率高等特点。     

外耳道皮下组织压片行鼓膜穿孔修补术

目的探讨应用外耳道上壁中、外段皮下组织压片修补鼓膜穿孔的临床疗效。方法对65例（69耳）由中耳炎或外伤引起的鼓膜穿孔直径大于3 mm伴外耳道狭窄、弯曲患者，用此法行耳内切口、扩大外耳道，用外耳道上壁中、外段皮下组织压片行鼓膜修补术。结果67耳鼓膜穿孔修补术后愈合，穿孔愈合率97.1%。修补鼓膜愈合时间平均15.2 d。术后外耳道宽畅。随访0.5-3.5年，无鼓膜再穿孔。术后纯音测听（取0.5,1,2,4 kHz）气导听力提高10-30 dB（平均18.6 dB）者66耳，气骨导差距在10-20 dB，较术前平均缩小16.8 dB，听力改善率95.7%。另3耳听力无改善。结论用耳道上壁中、外段皮下结缔组织压片修补鼓膜穿孔是一种取材简便、术野显露好、愈合时间短、穿孔愈合率高的新术式，更适合鼓膜穿孔大、外耳道狭窄和弯曲者。     

内外植法与内植法鼓膜成形术的近期对比分析

目的:探讨内外植法修补鼓膜的成功率和对听力的影响.方法:回顾性分析2002年以来行内植法鼓膜成形术且术后随访6个月以上的74例(77耳)患者,A组44例(45耳)采用传统的内植法,B组30例(32耳)将移植膜放置在残余鼓膜与锤骨柄之间(内外植法),比较2组患者术后3个月时的听力.结果:A组鼓膜1次修补成功40耳(89.0%),语言区平均听阈改善≥10 dB者23耳,手术成功率57.5%.B组鼓膜修补1次愈合28耳(87.5%),语言区平均听阈改善≥10 dB者23耳,手术成功率71.9%.并发症:A组再穿孔2耳(5.9%),鼓膜内陷8耳(17.8%);B组再穿孔2耳(6.25%),钝角愈合3耳(9.38%),鼓膜内陷2耳(6.25%).结论:将移植膜放置在残余鼓膜与锤骨柄之间可避免术后鼓膜和锤骨柄脱离,减少移植膜与鼓岬发生粘连.对鼓膜较大穿孔患者听力的改善明显优于移植膜放置在锤骨柄内侧者.     

"Window shade" tympanoplasty for anterior marginal perforations

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Anterior marginal perforations of the tympanic membrane often present a reconstructive challenge to the otolaryngologist. Poor surgical outcomes are often due to inadequate exposure, a lack of residual tympanic membrane, impaired vascular supply, and delayed healing. This study reports on the success of the "window shade" technique, combining aspects of both the traditional underlay and overlay tympanoplasty techniques, for the management of anterior marginal tympanic membrane perforations. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review of patients undergoing window shade tympanoplasty from July 1, 1994, to July 1, 2003, at a tertiary care referral center. METHODS: Only patients found to have anterior tympanic membrane perforations and who underwent a window shade tympanoplasty were included in the study. Tympanoplasty success rate was studied by examining postoperative complications of recurrent perforation, tympanic membrane lateralization, or anterior blunting. RESULTS: The authors identified 164 patients who underwent window shade tympanoplasty during the study period. The overall success rate for tympanic membrane repair was 94.5%. There were no cases of tympanic membrane lateralization or significant blunting. The average healing time was 4 weeks. The surgical technique is described in detail. CONCLUSION: The window shade tympanoplasty is an excellent surgical option for repair of anterior marginal perforations of the tympanic membrane.