腰-硬联合麻醉在阴式全子宫切除术中的应用

目的 评价腰-硬联合麻醉(CSEA)用于阴式全子宫切除术(TVH)的麻醉效果.方法 选择择期行阴式全子宫切除术的患者100例,ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,年龄35～55岁,随机分为腰-硬联合麻醉(CSEA)组和硬膜外麻醉(EA)组,每组50例.记录2组患者的局麻药用量、感觉阻滞起效时间、阻滞平面、阻滞完善时间、痛觉恢复时间、改良Bromage评分及术后不良反应.结果 CSEA组感觉阻滞起效时间为(40.0±12.0)s明显短于EA组的(260.0±60.0)s(P＜0.01).CSEA组局麻药用量明显少于EA组(P＜0.01).CSEA组所有患者对术中镇痛均感满意,EA组有11例患者对术中镇痛不满意,12例牵拉反应明显.肌松满意率CSEA组为100%,EA组为78%.2组患者均无明显的麻醉后并发症.结论 腰-硬联合麻醉用于阴式全子宫切除手术,麻醉镇痛效果及肌松效果优于硬膜外麻醉.     

腰-硬联合麻醉的临床应用

目的探讨腰-硬联合麻醉在下腹部及下肢手术中的适用性。方法取下腹部及下肢择期手术患者300例。随机分为腰麻组(SA组),硬膜外麻组(EA组),腰-硬联合麻醉组(CSEA)组,3组患者无明显个体差异,实施不同麻醉方法后,记录麻醉起效时间,测定麻醉平面,监测术中患者BP、SPO2、ECG各项生命体征,观察手术中镇痛效果和肌肉松弛效果,观察术中术后有无并发症。结果SA组血压下降明显,肌肉松弛效果满意,有术后头痛,尿潴留出现。EA组血压有波动,镇痛满意,肌肉松弛效果有所不完善,CSEA组循环相对稳定,镇痛、肌肉松弛效果好,术后无头痛。结论腰-硬联合麻醉具有腰麻和硬膜外麻醉双重特点,取长补短,结合二者优点,弥补二者缺点,易为手术医师及患者所接受。     

联合麻醉用于分娩镇痛的观察

目的观察腰-硬联合麻醉用于分娩镇痛的效果。方法选择自愿接受分娩镇痛的初产妇60例,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,头位、单胎、孕周≥38周,按双盲原则随机分为腰-硬联合组（CSEA组）和硬膜外组（EA组）,每组30例。CSEA组,腰穿成功后,注入等比重罗哌卡因2 mg,内含舒芬太尼5μg,然后连接硬膜外输注泵;EA组,硬膜外穿刺成功后,注入镇痛液7￣10 mL,然后连接硬膜外镇痛泵。记录产妇镇痛起效时间、镇痛效果（VAS评分）,镇痛药用量、产程、分娩方式及恶心呕吐等不良反应发生率。结果 CSEA组镇痛起效时间、镇痛效果明显优于EA组（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）,镇痛药用量少于EA组（P〈0.01）。结论腰-硬联合麻醉用于分娩镇痛,起效快,镇痛效果确切。     

3种不同镇痛方法用于分娩镇痛的临床观察

目的探讨产妇自控硬膜外镇痛(EA)、腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉(CSEA)加自控镇痛和笑气吸入镇痛不同分娩镇痛方法的镇痛效果和对产妇及新生儿的影响。方法选择90例产妇分为产妇自控硬膜外镇痛组(EA组)、腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉(CSEA)加自控镇痛组(CSEA组)、笑气吸入镇痛组(笑气组)各30例。EA组于产程活跃期给予施行硬膜外麻醉,接自控镇痛泵联合注入罗哌卡因和芬太尼;CSEA组于活跃期给予施行腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉(CSEA),接自控镇痛泵联合注入罗哌卡因和芬太尼;笑气组于活跃期给予吸入含50%氧化亚氮和50%氧气的混合气体。分别观察3组产妇的起效时间、镇痛效果、产程时间及新生儿窒息情况。结果在镇痛起效时间方面,CSEA组明显较EA组短,CSEA组与EA组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05);在镇痛效果方面,EA组镇痛分级0级为23例,Ⅰ级为5例;CSEA组0级为28例,级Ⅰ为2例;笑气组Ⅰ级为15例,Ⅱ级为11例。3组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。产程时间、分娩方式、产后出血及新生儿窒息率比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论产妇腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉(CSEA)加自控镇痛用于分娩镇痛起效迅速、效果满意,对产妇及...     

腰-硬联合麻醉在剖宫产手术中的临床应用观察

目的:比较腰-硬联合麻醉(CSEA)和单纯硬膜外麻醉(EA)在剖宫产手术中的临床应用效果,探讨理想的麻醉方法。方法:120例ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级择期行剖宫产术的患者,随机分为腰-硬联合麻醉组(CSEA)和硬膜外麻醉组(EA)两组,每组各60例,观察两组麻醉效果,记录麻醉起效时间、麻醉至胎儿娩出时间、手术时间、新生儿娩出1 min后Apgar评分和不良反应。结果:CSEA组麻醉起效时间、麻醉至胎儿娩出时间、手术时间、镇痛和肌松效果优于EA组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而两组新生儿Apgar评分、不良反应比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:CSEA起效快、用药少、镇痛完善、肌松满意、不良反应小,值得在剖宫产手术中大力推广。     

腰-硬联合麻醉在老年患者经尿道前列腺气化电切术中的临床应用

目的探讨腰-硬联合麻醉在高龄经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)患者中的效果。方法对160例老年需行TURP的患者分为治疗组80例,给予应用腰-硬联合麻醉(CSEA组),对照组80例,应用硬膜外麻醉(EA组)。结果两组病人麻醉后收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)明显下降(P<0.05),但心率(HR)变化不明显。CSEA组的感觉阻滞起效时间及阻滞完善时间明显比EA组快,CSEA无痛率为100%,EA组无痛率为73.75%,CSEA组不必应用辅助用药,而EA组辅助用药22.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论腰-硬联合麻醉具有麻醉起效快、镇痛效果好等诸多优点,应用于老年前列腺电切手术是一种安全可靠,值得临床推广。     

腰-硬联合麻醉在胆囊切除术中的应用

目的探讨腰-硬联合麻醉在上腹部手术胆囊切除术中的临床应用。方法择期胆囊切除术患者60例,随机分为腰-硬联合麻醉组（CSEA组）和硬膜外麻醉组（EA组）,每组30例。记录两组穿刺情况,麻醉起效及阻滞完善时间,镇痛及肌松效果,术中低血压、呼吸抑制、胆心反射等并发症发生的情况。结果CSEA组麻醉起效比EA组快,镇痛及肌松效果也明显优于EA组。结论CSEA用于ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级中青年患者的胆囊切除术是一种安全、有效、经济的麻醉方法。     

腰-硬联合麻醉在老年患者人工股骨头置换术中的应用

目的:探讨腰-硬联合麻醉(CSEA)用于老年患者人工股骨头置换手术的临床麻醉效果及安全可行性。方法:将65岁以上的40例患者随机分为腰-硬联合麻醉组(CSEA组,20例)和硬膜外组(EA组,20例),记录麻醉起效时间、镇痛效果、阻滞平面及注药前、注药时、注药后15 min、30 min收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、心率(HR)的变化。结果:CSEA组麻醉过程比EA组平稳,起效时间明显缩短,镇痛肌松效果确切,血流动力学影响小。结论:CSEA用于老年患者人工股骨头置换手术,只要应用得当,即可达到安全可靠、满意的麻醉效果。     

硬膜外联合腰麻在泌尿科微创手术中的应用

目的探讨硬膜外联合腰麻在泌尿科微创手术中的应用效果及临床价值。方法将2011年6月-2012年9月在我院泌尿外科行微创手术治疗的42例患者随机分为CSEA组和EA组各21例,CSEA组给予硬-腰联合麻醉,EA组给予单纯硬膜外麻醉,观察两组患者麻醉起效时间、麻醉药物用量及麻醉效果。结果 CSEA组麻醉起效时间明显短于EA组（P〈0.01）;CSEA组麻醉药物总用量明显少于EA组（P〈0.01）;CSEA组麻醉效果优于EA组（P〈0.05）。结论腰-硬联合麻醉用于泌尿微创手术具有起效快、用量少、麻醉效果好等优点,且对呼吸、循环影响较小,是目前泌尿外科微创手术的一种较佳麻醉方案。     

剖宫产中盐酸左布比卡因腰硬联合麻醉效果临床观察

目的 观察腰硬联合麻醉(CSEA)用于剖宫产术的麻醉效果.方法 随机选择100例拟行剖宫产术的健康产妇,随机分为硬膜外(EA)组和CSEA组.EA组单纯硬膜外注射2%利多卡因,CSEA组蛛网膜下隙注入0.5% 盐酸左布比卡因(珠海润都民通制药生产)2.5 ml,观察麻醉效果、起效时间以及并发症的发生情况.结果 腰硬联合麻醉起效快,运动阻滞效果好,镇痛和肌松效果好,不良反应少,与硬膜外麻醉比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),新生儿评分两组差异无统计学意义(P >0.05).结论 腰硬联合麻醉起效迅速,具有良好的镇痛和肌松作用,是剖宫产手术理想的麻醉方法.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.