常染色体显性遗传性听神经病MPZ基因序列分析

目的:了解MPZ基因是否与1个常染色体显性遗传性听神经病中国家系的发病相关.方法:选择1个现存3代9人的常染色体显性遗传性听神经病家系为研究对象,用基因组DNA抽提试剂盒提取外周血DNA.首先.对所有家系成员DNA进行MPZ基因第3外显子的PCR扩增,扩增产物经纯化后直接测序;然后,采用相同方法对1名家系听神经病患者进行MPZ基因全部6个外显子的PCR扩增和测序分析.测序结果与标准序列对照进行突变检测.结果:所有研究对象的基因区域均扩增成功,序列分析在MPZ基因第3外显子上未检测到Thr124Met和Tyr145Ser 2个已知的突变,整个MPZ基因编码区也未见新的致聋突变.结论:该家系成员MPZ基因上未发现有意义的突变位点,提示新基因参与家系耳聋的发生.     

遗传性全白甲家系的KLF7和CPO基因突变分析

目的:分析常染色体显性遗传全白甲病家系的候选基因KLF7和CPO的突变。方法:对KLF7和CPO基因的全部外显子区域及邻近内含子区域进行PCR扩增,其产物进行直接测序,根据测序结果分析KLF7和CPO的基因突变。结果:在KLF7和CPO基因外显子区域及邻近内含子区域内检测到5个变异位点,未检测到致病的基因突变。结论:KLF7和CPO基因编码区域的变异不是此家系全白甲的致病基因突变。     

广西地区帕金森病患者Parkin基因外显子缺失的研究

目的:研究Parkin基因1～12号外显子缺失突变与广西地区帕金森病(Parkinson Disease,PD)发病的关系.方法:采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增29例临床确诊为早发性帕金森病(EOPD)和34例临床确诊为晚发性帕金森病(LOPD)的患者的Parkin基因1～12号外显子;用琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测Parkin基因1～12号外显子缺失突变.结果:未检测到Parkin基因1～12号外显子缺失突变.结论:未发现Parkin基因外显子缺失突变与PD发病有明显相关关系.     

家族性帕金森病Parkin基因外显子缺失突变

目的: 研究Parkin基因外显子缺失突变与中国家族性帕金森病(PD)发病的关系,探讨Parkin基因缺失突变在家族性PD发病机制中的作用及与临床特点、手术疗效之间的关系.方法: 家族性PD患者36例为研究对象,正常人20例作为对照,提取外周血白细胞基因组DNA,采用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)扩增目的DNA片段,琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测Parkin基因外显子4,6,7,10缺失情况,观察外显子的缺失分布及缺失率,并结合PD患者的手术疗效分析.结果: 家族性PD患者36例有10例外显子缺失突变,其中外显子4缺失8例,6和7缺失各1例,缺失突变率为27.8%,外显子10未发现异常,对照组中无缺失突变;有外显子缺失突变患者的手术疗效较好.结论: Parkin基因外显子4,6,7缺失突变是我国家族性PD的致病原因之一,PD患者的手术效果与Parkin基因外显子缺失突变与否有关.     

先天性无虹膜家系致病基因的突变检测

目的 对一常染色体显性遗传的先天性无虹膜( AN)家系进行PAX 6基因突变筛查,以确定其致病基因及致病突变.方法 收集一常染色体显性遗传的AN家系,采集该家系患者、家族健康成员外周静脉血,提取基因组DNA,应用聚合酶链式反应( PCR)方法扩增PAX 6 基因exon 4 ~exon 13共11个外显子以及外显子-内含子拼接部,将纯化后的PCR扩增产物直接测序,运用DNAStar软件(综合性序列分析软件)对测序结果进行序列分析,检测PAX 6基因的突变类型,并与80名随机抽取的与该家系无血缘关系的健康人PAX 6基因序列进行比对. 结果 该家系患者PAX 6 基因exon 11存在一个杂合突变c. 949 C>T(P. R 317 X),导致第317位精氨酸的密码子CGA被终止密码子UGA替代,造成编码PAX 6蛋白的过早终止,而该家系其他健康成员及80名与该家系无血缘关系的健康对照组成员均未检测到该突变. 结论 PAX 6基因c. 949 C>T( P. R 317 X)突变导致PAX 6蛋白提前编码终止是该常染色体显性遗传先天性无虹膜家系的致病原因.     

散发性帕金森病Parkin基因突变检测

目的 探讨散发性帕金森病病人Parkin基因的突变情况.方法 应用聚合酶链反应-单链构象多态性技术(PCR-SSCP), 对18例帕金森病病人和20例正常人Parkin基因的第3、4、5、6、7外显子突变情况进行检测分析.结果 4例病人有Parkin基因第3外显子点突变, 1例病人有Parkin基因第4外显子点突变,2例病人有Parkin基因第5外显子点突变.所有病例均未检测到Parkin基因外显子缺失突变.结论 散发性帕金森病病人中存在Parkin基因点突变,Parkin基因点突变可能是散发性帕金森病发病原因之一.     

中国汉族原发性闭角型青光眼大家系临床资料总结及TIGR基因第三外显子突变筛查

目的 总结一中国汉族原发性团角型青光眼大家系临床表型特点及遗传模式,并筛查在该家系成员中是否存在TIGR/MYOC基因第三外显子突变.方法 对该家系家庭成员进行眼科检查,包括视力、屈光检查、Goldmann压平眼压计测量眼压、房角镜检查、自动视野检查以及眼球A超检查.应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增22名家系成员TIGR基因第三外显子,并对PCR产物进行测序分析.结果 原发性闭角型青光眼在此家族中呈常染色体显性遗传模式,其临床表型为慢性闭角型青光眼.与第6代成员相比,第4代及第5代成员的眼轴及前房较短,晶状体较厚.第4代成员的平均屈光状态为远视,第5代为正视,第6代为近视,但第6代中仍有一名成员为远视.家族的22名成员中未检测到TIGR基因第三外显子突变或单核苷酸多态性(SNP).结论 在此中国汉族常染色体显性遗传原发性闭角型青光眼大家系中排除了TIGR基因第三外显子突变与青光眼发病之间的关系.     

早发型帕金森病DJ-1基因突变的分析

目的:分析广西地区早发型帕金森病(Parkinsion's disease,PD)患者及常染色体隐性遗传早发型帕金森病(autosomal recessive early-onset Parkinsion's disease,AREP)家系患者DJ-1基因外显子的突变特点,探讨DJ-1基因外显子的突变与广西地区PD关系.方法:应用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)、单链构象多态性(SSCP)及DNA测序等技术查找DJ-1基因缺失突变及点突变.结果:45例早发型散发性PD患者和12例分别来自5个常染色体隐性遗传早发型PD家系的DJ-1基因的2～7号外显子全部被成功扩增,未见大片段缺失.产物经SSCP方法和测序检测,未见点突变与缺失突变.结论:DJ-1基因的突变不是广西地区早发型PD患者的发病的危险因素.     

常染色体隐性遗传Alport综合征基因突变分析方法研究

目的 通过一例常染色体隐性遗传型Alport综合征患者家系的基因突变分析,探讨常染色体隐性遗传Alport综合征的基因诊断方法.方法 提取该患者外周血细胞的基因组DNA,应用基因组DNA PCR测序法对COL4A3和COL4A4基因各外显子进行突变筛查.对于基因组DNA序列异常者,从外周血细胞和EB病毒转染的细胞中提取总RNA,应用cDNA RT-PCR测序方法分析突变.同时在家系和正常人群中进行验证.结果 使用基因组DNA样本经PCR直接测序法检测到COL4A3基因上两个致病性新突变(IVS 39+1 G＞A剪接突变和c.1729-1737 de19bp缺失突变);经RT-PCR测序方法验证其与基因组DNA样本中检测到的突变一致,并证实剪接突变产生异常的转录产物.结论 基因组DNA PCR测序法和cDNA RT-PCR-测序法均检测到Alport综合征患者COL4A3的致病突变,两种方法结果一致;cDNA RT-PCR测序法因为其相对快捷,并且可以了解突变转录情况而优于经典的基因组筛查突变方法.     

发动蛋白-2基因新的单核苷酸多态性分析

目的:检测中央核肌病家系发动蛋白-2(DNM2)基因部分区域单核苷酸多态性(SNP).方法:对汉族中央核肌病家系P中的4名成员和与其家系无关的7个正常个体进行研究.采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增DNM2基因第8号外显子及上游内含子交界区序列,应用CEQ 8000核酸分析仪进行测序.结果:家系P中患者Ⅲ3、Ⅱ5在外显子7和8之间的内含子区-104位置上发现G-A多态.此多态位于19号染色体10765292(+);在家系内另外2个正常人I1、I2和与其家系无关的7个正常个体中均发现此多态位点.经检索NCBI SNP数据库证实此SNP多态位点尚未被报道.结论:采用测序技术自行检测在11个汉族个体中发现1个尚未报道的位于DNM2基因内的SNP位点,该位点可能与种族遗传背景有关.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.